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OBJECTIVE: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes neurological dysfunction and cell death. Sugammadex, as a large molecule, is normally difficult to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In ischemia, molecules can pass into the brain tissue. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of sugammadex in the presence of cerebral I/R damage in rats with a general anesthesia model with sevoflurane and rocuronium. METHODS: Rats were divided into 7 groups; Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (Sham), Group 3 (Sevoflurane), Group 4 (Sugammadex), Group 5 (Sevoflurane + Rocuronium), Group 6 (Sevoflurane + Sugammadex), Group 7 (Sevoflurane + Rocuronium + Sugammadex). Brain tissues of rats with cerebral I/R damage with bilateral carotid occlusion were removed. Tissue Malon- dialdehyde (MDA), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were examined with ELISA and apoptosis was examined by Caspase-3. RESULTS: The number of caspase-3 positive cells decreased the most in Group 4 compared to the other groups. Group 4's mean MDA and MPO levels were lower than Group 2. There was no significant difference in terms of SOD levels. CONCLUSION: The apoptotic effect of sugammadex was lowest compared to other agent groups, and it did not increase oxidative damage as much as the other groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new two-variable polynomials defined via Hermite polynomials. In order to construct some fundamental properties of these polynomials, we first derive a generating function relation. By using definition and this generating relation, we arrive at several recurrence relations, an integral representation, some implicit summation formulae, a symmetry identity for these new two-variable polynomials. Furthermore, we obtain some results which give various classes of multilinear and multilateral generating functions. Then, some special cases are presented. Finally, we also give a general class of these new polynomials and prove explicit closed-form formulae of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second-order linear hypergeometric differential equation and the hypergeometric function play a central role in many areas of mathematics and physics. The purpose of this paper is to obtain differential equations and the hypergeometric forms of the Fibonacci and the Lucas polynomials. We also write again these polynomials by means of Olver's hypergeometric functions. In addition, we present some relations between these polynomials and the other well-known functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, an amperometric detection method for blood glucose level was developed benefiting from glucose oxidase (GO) enzyme immobilization on nanoparticle modified graphite rod (GR) electrode. Fe3O4-CS-Au magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized by TEM, UV-Vis, magnetometry, FTIR, and zeta potential measurements and used for the modification of GR electrode. This modified electrode was used for the detection of glucose level amperometrically at 0.6 V. The obtained calibration graph was linear in the range of 5-30 mM glucose concentration with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9971. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were calculated as 0.55 and 1.83 mM, respectively. The modified GR electrode showed excellent selectivity in the presence of dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid. The applicability of the developed method was examined in real blood samples by comparing the results obtained from commercial glucose sensor. This novel glucose detection method exhibited fast amperometric response, long storage time, and good selectivity.ᅟ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy eigenvalues with any l≠0 states and mass of heavy quark-antiquark system (quarkonium) are obtained by using Asymptotic Iteration Method in the view of nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics, in which the quarks are considered as spinless for easiness and are bounded by Cornell potential. A semianalytical formula for energy eigenvalues and mass is achieved via the method in scope of the perturbation theory. The accuracy of this formula is checked by comparing the eigenvalues with the ones numerically obtained in this study and with exact ones in literature. Furthermore, semianalytical formula is applied to cc-, bb-, and cb- meson systems for comparing the masses with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new methacrylate monomer 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxoethyl-2-methacrylate (NFM) was synthesized and its radical copolymerization with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was studied in 1,4-dioxane solution at 65°C using 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The synthesized monomer and copolymers were characterized by FTIR,1H and13C-NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of reactivity ratios revealed that NFM is less reactive than GMA, and copolymers formed are statistically in nature. Thermogravimetric analysis of the polymers reveals that the thermal stability of the copolymers increases with an increasing in the mole fraction of NFM in the copolymers. Glass transition temperatures of the copolymers decreased with an increasing of NFM molar fraction in copolymers. In addition, according to the results obtained from the contact angle and zeta potential measurements the hydrophobic character of the polymer decreases (it means surface free energy increases) and its zeta potential becomes more negative with increase of NFM ratio in the copolymer. Polymers with carbonyl functional groups have been particularly interesting because of their use as photoresists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The asymptotic iteration method is used to find exact and approximate solutions of Schrödinger's equation for a number of one-dimensional trigonometric potentials (sine-squared, double-cosine, tangent-squared, and complex cotangent). Analytic and approximate solutions are obtained by first using a coordinate transformation to reduce the Schrödinger equation to a second-order differential equation with an appropriate form. The asymptotic iteration method is also employed indirectly to obtain the terms in perturbation expansions, both for the energies and for the corresponding eigenfunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The asymptotic iteration method (AIM) is used to obtain both special exact solutions and general approximate solutions for a Hydrogen-like atom confined in a spherical box of arbitrary radius R. Critical box radii, at which states are no longer bound, are also calculated. The results are compared with those in the literature. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We apply the Asymptotic Iteration Method to obtain the bound-state energy spectrum for the d-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation with scalar S( r) and vector potentials V( r). When S( r) and V( r) are both Coulombic, we obtain all the exact solutions; when the potentials are both of Kratzer type, we obtain all the exact solutions for S( r) = V( r); if S( r) > V( r) we obtain exact solutions under certain constraints on the potential parameters: in this case, a possible general solution is found in terms of a monic polynomial, whose coefficients form a set of elementary symmetric polynomials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous paper (J. Phys. A36, 11807 (2003)), the "asymptotic iteration method" was introduced and developed for solving second-order homogeneous linear differential equations. In this paper we use the method to study the quantum quartic anharmonic oscillator problem. We obtain accurate eigenvalues for both small and large coupling parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In a previous paper [J. Phys. A 36 (2003) 11807], we introduced the ‘asymptotic iteration method’ for solving second-order homogeneous linear differential equations. In this Letter, we study perturbed problems in quantum mechanics and we use the method to find the coefficients in the perturbation series for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions directly, without first solving the unperturbed problem. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The properties of new heavy mesons containing new heavy quarks have been investigated. As an example, the fourth SM family quarks and weak iso-singlet quarks predicted by E[SUB6] GUT are considered. Production of these hadrons at TeV energy lepton colliders due to resonant formation of corresponding quarkonia have been analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We discuss alternative perturbation expansions for partially solvable quantum-mechanical models. We consider a sextic anharmonic oscillator as a particular example. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered highly successful and proficient in terms of their mechanical, thermal and electrical functionalization and biocompatibility. In regards to their significant extent in bone regeneration, it has been determined that CNTs hold the capability to endure clinical applications through bone tissue engineering and orthopedic procedures. In the present study, we report on a composite preparation, involving the use of CNT-chitosan as scaffold for bone repair and regeneration. Through the use of water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and double staining methods, the cytotoxic, necrotic, and apoptotic effects of chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites on the chondrocyte ATTC cell line have been exhibited., Methods: The chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotube scaffolds were prepared. Chondrocytes differentiation tool (ATCC) cell line was prepared. WST-1 assay for cytotoxicity studies were performed by using chondrocytes cells in 12.5-200 μL concentration range. The samples of membranes (chitosan- multiwalled carbon nanotube scaffold) were measured at 2 mg/mL and further prepared amongst chitosan- multiwalled carbon nanotube scaffold's which were placed into separate wells. While in the process of incubation, in the four-hour time range, the plates were immediately read in an Elisa microplate Reader. To predict the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells in culture, the technique of double staining with Hoechst dye was performed with PI on the basis of scoring cell nuclei. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break values of the chitosan only and chitosan/CNT scaffolds were evaluated on Texture Analyzer., Results: Based on the results of the WST-1 assay procedure, the amount of cell viability was not significantly affected by nanocomposite concentrations and the lowest mortality rate of cells was obtained at a concentration of 12.5 μg/mL, whereas the highest mortality rate was obtained at a rate of 200 μg/mL. In addition, the effects of chitosan-CNT nanocomposites were not found to cytotoxic on chondrocyte cells. The double staining method has been able to determine the apoptotic and necrotic effects of chitosan MWCNT nanocomposites. The apoptotic and necrotic effects of the combined compounds had varied within the concentrations. In a similar manner to the outcome of the control groups, apoptosis was obtained at a percentage of 2.67%. Under a fluorescent inverted microscope, the apoptotic cell nuclei were stained with a stronger blue fluorescence in comparison to non-apoptotic cells, which may have had an effect. We also compared the strain-stress curve measurements results. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of scaffold were not different. Elongation at break values increased by addition of CNT., Conclusion: CNTs as a biomaterial hold the potential to be used for applications in future regenerative medicine. By using the components of chondrocytes (ATTC) cell lines, the cytotoxicity evaluations were made for the chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotube scaffold. The chitosan-MWCNT nanocomposites do not seem to induce drastic cytotoxicity to the chondrocyte cells., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)