29 results on '"Cointe, Béatrice"'
Search Results
2. ‘The good economy’: a conceptual and empirical move for investigating how economies and versions of the good are entangled
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Asdal, Kristin, Cointe, Béatrice, Hobæk, Bård, Reinertsen, Hilde, Huse, Tone, Morsman, Silje R., and Måløy, Tommas
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- 2023
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3. The AR6 Scenario Explorer and the history of IPCC Scenarios Databases: evolutions and challenges for transparency, pluralism and policy-relevance
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Cointe, Béatrice
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- 2024
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4. From a promise to a problem: The political economy of solar photovoltaics in France
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Cointe, Béatrice
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- 2015
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5. French policy localism: Surfing on ‘Positive Energie Territories’ (Tepos)
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Nadaï, Alain, Labussière, Olivier, Debourdeau, Ariane, Régnier, Yannick, Cointe, Béatrice, and Dobigny, Laure
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- 2015
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6. A history of the 1.5°C target.
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Cointe, Béatrice and Guillemot, Hélène
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CLIMATOLOGY ,PARIS Agreement (2016) ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,GLOBAL warming ,CODEPENDENCY - Abstract
The 1.5°C target is now widely considered as the maximum acceptable limit for global warming. However, it is at once recent and, as it appears increasingly unreachable, already almost obsolete. Adopted as an aspirational target in the Paris Agreement in 2015, the 1.5°C objective originated with a political impetus within UNFCCC negotiations. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) endorsed this policy‐driven target when it produced the Special Report on 1.5°C. This article highlights the continuity of the history of the 1.5°C target with that of the 2°C target, but also the differences between the two. Because the 1.5°C target considerably raises the bar on mitigation efforts, it exacerbates political tensions and ambiguities that were already latent in the 2°C target. This article retraces the emergence of the 1.5°C in diplomatic negotiations, the preparation of the IPCC Special report on 1.5°C, and the new kinds of debates they provoked among climate scientists and experts. To explain how an unreachable target became the reference for climate action, we analyze the "political calibration" of climate science and politics, which can also be described as a codependency between climate science and politics. This article is categorized under:Integrated Assessment of Climate Change > Integrated Assessment ModelingClimate, History, Society, Culture > World Historical PerspectivesAssessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Organising Policy-Relevant Knowledge for Climate Action: Integrated Assessment Modelling, the IPCC, and the Emergence of a Collective Expertise on Socioeconomic Emission Scenarios
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Cointe, Béatrice, Cassen, Christophe, and Nadaï, Alain
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Special Issue: Foreknowledge in Public Policy - Abstract
Greenhouse gas emission scenarios are key in analyses of human interference with the climate system. They are mainly produced by one category of computer models: Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). We analyse how IAM research organised into a community around the production of socio-economic scenarios during the preparation of the IPCC AR5 (2005-2014). We seek to describe the co-emergence of a research community, its instruments, and its domain of applicability. We highlight the role of the IPCC process in the making of the IAM community, showing how IAMs worked their way to an influent position. We then survey three elements of the repertoire that served to organise collective work on scenarios in interaction with the IPCC and the European Union, and which now frames the community and its epistemic practices. This repertoire needs to articulate epistemic practices with the pursuit of policy relevance, which shows how epistemic communities and patterns of co-production materialise in practical arrangements.
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- 2019
8. From The Limits to Growth to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Pathways: Technological Change in Global Computer Models (1972–2007).
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Cassen, Christophe and Cointe, Béatrice
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From the World2 and World3 models to contemporary Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) that model carbon neutral emission pathways, global computer models have served as virtual laboratories for addressing economic, environmental and technological concerns together. Representing technological change has been a controversial element of global modelling efforts because, to a great extent, it sets the parameters on conceivable futures. To retrace this history, this article analyses four moments when modellers debated technological change: the controversy spurred by The Limits to Growth in the 1970s; subsequent global future studies during that decade; the IIASA Energy in a Finite World study in the 1980s; and the shift to endogenous technological change in IAMs in the 2000s. It shows that the notion of technological change as a predictable parameter affecting the future of society was not a given. Technological change progressively became a parameter in models as more elaborate methodologies were developed to simulate it. When modellers began to focus on climate action in the 1990s and 2000s, their interest in the relationship between technological change and social change dwindled. The increasing skill with which modellers formally represented technological dynamics was commensurate to the decline of heated discussions over how conflicting worldviews shaped simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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9. Writing good economics: How texts 'on the move' perform the lab and discipline of experimental economics.
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Asdal, Kristin and Cointe, Béatrice
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EXPERIMENTAL economics , *SCIENTIFIC knowledge , *PERIODICAL articles , *OBJECTIVITY - Abstract
How is objectivity accomplished in laboratory economic experiments? To address this question, this paper focuses on a modest and mundane thing: the written instructions that guide experimental subjects in the lab. In a material-semiotic perspective, these instructions can be understood as text-devices. We follow text-devices 'on the move' from their very writing, through the lab, the review process and out into the journal article. To do so, we analyse 'text-author ensembles', which are journal articles together with practice-oriented interviews with their authors. We show that instructions act not simply as texts, but as experimental instruments that also perform the procedure of experimental economics. They draw together the procedural, material and rhetorical dimensions of experimental work in economics, and link the lab setting to collective validation procedures within the discipline of economics. To achieve this, experimental economists rely on qualitative writing skills refined in collective writing and reviewing practices. These text-devices 'on the move' alert us not only to the role of writing and writing skills in the production of scientific knowledge, but to the role of texts as material and semiotic objects that can produce facts as well as labs and disciplines, and that are key to the accomplishment of objectivity in experimental economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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10. Carbon Democracy: Political power in the age of oil (Timothy Mitchell, 2011)
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Cointe, Béatrice, University of Oslo (UiO), and Cointe, Béatrice
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coal ,politic ,pétrôle ,capitalisme ,public policy ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,capitalism ,oil ,politique publique ,charbon ,politique ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Carbon Democracy is an inquiry into the relations between fossil fuels and political power. Timothy Mitchell analyses energy systems as political machineries that need to be considered in histories of democracy. To do so, he follows the connections and conversion that were engineered to extract, produce and distribute coal and oil, drawing together materialities, politics, and ideas.
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- 2018
11. Writing good economics: how 'texts on the move' perform the worlds and discipline of experimental economics
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Asdal, Kristin, Cointe, Béatrice, Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation i3 (CSI i3), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation (I3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIK Centre For Technology, Innovation and Culture (https://www.sv.uio.no/tik/english/), University of Oslo (UiO), H2020 - ERC, EASST/4S, European Project: 637760,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,LITTLE TOOLS(2015), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)
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[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
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- 2020
12. The Project-ed Community
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Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
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- 2020
13. Experiments in co-modification: a relational take on the becoming of commodities and the making of market value.
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Asdal, Kristin and Cointe, Béatrice
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MARKET value ,SOCIAL sciences education ,COMMODIFICATION ,SCIENTIFIC experimentation ,PRODUCTION methods ,COMMODITY exchanges - Abstract
Social studies of science have for many years analyzed and demonstrated the key role of experiments to science and the making of facts. But what is the role of experiments in market work? And what, if anything, can we learn from them about markets and commodities? It is perhaps tempting to say that we can learn very little. This paper investigates a series of market research experiments investigating consumers' valuations of farmed fish, and these are almost comical in their painstaking attention to mundane details. However, when looked into closely, they provide key insights into commodification processes and the scholarly literature to understand them. Most importantly, their analysis allows us to grasp how commodities do not simply emerge as the outcome of a one way process directed towards the market, but through a relational process that jointly works with and acts upon things and people, markets and production. The paper works with the notion of co-modification to trace and stay close to these relational processes. In doing this the paper simultaneously strives for an approach that is not framed by the dominant conceptual distinction between production and market, but instead directed towards the materiality and activeness of the things exchanged. The notion of co-modification emphasises that there is more to market that the human hand. The paper shows that it can also be used in a stronger sense to suggest that commodification is a process where things, people, production methods and markets are actively modifying one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Political FITs: Solar photovoltaic policy in France, 2002-2012
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Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cointe, Béatrice
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
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- 2017
15. Day-to-day excellence: Interdisciplinary collaborations, promising applications, and basic research within a regional project on microbial bioenergy
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Cointe, Béatrice, Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
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- 2017
16. Science, technology and innovation policy and expectations in practice: insights from the sociological study of an interdisciplinary project on microbial bioenergy
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Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cointe, Béatrice
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2016
17. Interdisciplinary collaborations, promising applications, and basic research within a large regional project on microbial bioenergy: First insights from empirical research
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Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Cointe, Béatrice
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2016
18. Hydrogen futures on the lab bench: a sociological investigation of an interdisciplinary research project on biohydrogen
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Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Cointe, Béatrice
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2016
19. Feed-in tariffs in the European Union - Renewable energy policy, the internal electricity market and economic expertise
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Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Oslo (UiO), This work benefitted from financial support from the DIM R2DS Ile-de-France under Grant n°2010-13 and from the French National Research Agency (ANR) under Grant n°2011-SOIN-003-01 (COLLENER Project)., Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech
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[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,liberalisation ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,performativity ,harmonisation ,[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies ,agencement ,European Union ,Feed-in tariffs ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science - Abstract
International audience; This book retraces the history of feed-in tariffs in relations with the European Union renewable energy policy from a sociological perspective. Feed-in tariffs are one of the most widespread instruments for promotion renewable electricity. By following their trajectory since their emergence in the late 1970s, the book explores evolving conceptions of renewable energy policy in the European Union at the intersection between environmental objectives, technological change and the ambition to liberalise the internal electricity market. The book is structured according to a chronology punctuated by key EU directives relevant to renewable energy policy. From this account, conclusions are drawn on the relationships between markets and policy-making as it is instituted in the European Union, as well as on the interplay between the implementation of a European vision on energy and national politics.
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- 2018
20. FITs in the European electricity market: the European Union, renewable energy policies, and economic expertise, 1980-2015
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Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and University of Oslo (UiO)
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
21. Integrating Assessment Modelling: A community in-the-making
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Cassen, Christophe, Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CNRS INSIS Défi Energie projet Sociomod (2015), CNRS programme CAUSE - projet PROSPER, ANDRA, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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modelling ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,ipcc ,integrated assessment ,community ,epistemic culture ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; One year after COP21 in Paris that reached to a global agreement on climate action, it is timely to come back to the scientific expertise that is part of the debates about climate change. The almost symbiotic relationship between scientific expertise and political discussions in this field is well‐documented (e.g. Shackley and Wynne, 1996; Agrawala, 1999; Miller, 2004; Edwards, 2010). This scientific expertise is not limited to climate science, but it is rarely considered in all its diversity, with physical and natural science drawing most of the attention. While the history and the role of climate scenarios/models and the development of expertise on climate change have been extensively analysed (e.g. Edwards, 1996, 2010; Guillemot, 2007; van der Sluijs et al., 1998), the development of socio‐ and techno-economic assessments in this fieldhas not received the same attention. However, these seem to play a crucial role in the elaboration of climate policy, insofar as they contribute to the understanding of the interactions between climate and societies. The rise of climate change on the public agenda since the late 1980s has prompted the need for quantitative assessments of the costs and impacts of mitigation strategies, in particular in view of the IPCC reports. To meet this demand, an increasing number of scenarios have been produced by Energy‐Economy‐Environment (E3) models. These gather different types of models – including the Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) – which help to reduce the complexity and heterogeneity of relevant processes, inform and to an extent frame international climate negotiations, by producing a large array of numerical projections and scenarios.This paper focuses on Integrated Assessment models (IAMs). It follows the co-evolution of the IAMs institutions and research community, and of their agenda of modelling efforts. We do so by focusing on the preparation of the 5th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Report (AR5). IAMs are stylized numerical approaches which aim at representing complex socio-physical interactions among energy, agriculture, the economic system … as systems. Based on a set of input assumptions, they produce quantified scenarios (e.g. energy system transitions, land use transitions, economic effects of mitigation, emissions trajectories …) that helps us exploring potential climate policy strategies. They are a heterogeneous category that has gradually emerged from a set of distinct intellectual traditions (Weyant et al., 1996; Crassous, 2009). IAMs can thus be built on rather different assumptions: they can follow distinct logics and represent the same processes with different levels of details. IAMs and the scenarios they produce have grown central to the work of IPCC and seem to play an increasingly important part in climate negotiations and policies. Their influence has become particularly striking in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report through the work and contribution of “Working Group III” – entitled ‘mitigation of climate change’. During the process of preparing the AR5, Working Group III was chaired by one of the main actors of the current IAM research community. IAMs outcome and perspective were used as a guiding and structuring principle. IAM scenarios were expected to serve as bridging devices between the three IPCC working groups (which involve different scientific disciplines), albeit interviews suggest that the extent to which they succeeded in this respect remains unclear. IAMs influence has built up conjointly with the structuring of IAM research as a distinct field of expertise and that of IAMs researchers network through a series of European Projects and regular meetings. All of this contributed to the consolidation of IAM as a category of models with common – or at least comparable – characteristics. How did ‘IAM’ emerge as a relatively unified – though diverse – category and research field? How and where did the IAM community organise as such, and what is it made of? How have integrated assessment modellers organised the heterogeneity of their models so as to establish them as credible and reliable sources of policy-relevant expertise? How do they manage uncertainties, considering both the scope and complexity of the systems they study, and the many conceptual repertoires they draw from (physics, economics, systems dynamics, environmental sciences…)?In order to answer such questions, we conducted a first series of interviews with modellers and key players in the IAMs community. These were undertaken on different occasions such as: the conference Our Common Future Under Climate Change (OCFCC) (Paris, July 2015), the venue to France of the head of the Energy Modelling Forum (October 2016), two visits to major research institutes in this field (PIK and PBL/University of Utrecht). These interviews have been completed by observations during two conference sessions focused on IAMs: a side event entitled « New frontiers of integrated assessment of climate change and policies » during the OCFCC Conference, and the 8th meeting of the Integrated Assessment Modelling Consortium (IAMC) (Postdam, November 2015). Attending and observing these sessions gave us an overview of the debates among modellers, the diversity of their approaches, the key challenges that are discussed in the community, the potential tensions within the community, and the way in which this research field is structuring itself. Last, we analysed the main inter-comparison modelling programs that were developed between the publications of the 4th and 5th IPCC reports and the material that was produced on these occasions (reports, articles…). In gathering and studying this empirical material, we tried to combine two approaches: a sociological perspective on the communities, networks, practices and discourses relevant to IAMs, and an historical perspective on the emergence and evolution of IAM research in terms of content, objectives and communities.In our contribution, we will emphasize the role of the research programs that have been conducted in specific forums – such as: the Energy Modeling Forum coordinated by Stanford University, the EU FP7 projects…- looking at the way in which they contributed in setting the agenda of the modelling research community and in steering the production of scenarios. We will also analyse the mutual relationship between these program, their outcomes and the contribution of WG III to the IPCC process and outcome, in particular within the 5th Assessment report. Model inter-comparison is a crucial part of these programs which have multiplied since the early 2000’s. It consists in comparing the outputs of a range of models under similar hypotheses, usually focusing on one specific modelling and/or policy issue (e.g. technological innovation, land-use changes, etc.). Though it draws from similar practices in climate change research, the reliance on model inter-comparisons appears as a defining feature of IAM research, and it has played a role in the cohesion of IAM as a category of expertise relevant to climate policy.For instance, since the 4th IPCC report published in 2007, the feasibility of low carbon trajectories consistent with the 2°C target that was institutionalized in 2009 at the Copenhagen conference has been a key question. It was the subject of the main modelling exercises conducted by the Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) headed by Stanford University and European research programs, mostly funded by the Commission. From 1991 onwards, the EMF organized a series of workshops dedicated to climate issues. In view of the IPCC 5th Assessment Report, EM 22, 24, 27 and 28 provided a global inter-comparison modeling exercise around the 2°C objective target, at different scales (world, US and EU level). Each of these sessions gathered researchers with an expertise of the question under consideration and followed the same protocol: a first stage was dedicated to the elaboration of a set of common scenarios based on harmonized assumptions that were then assessed by models. Since 2007, another large part of the scenarios produced for the IPCC 5th Assessment Report has come from similar inter-comparison modeling projects funded by the 7th European Framework Program. This highlights EU’s growing political and scientific interest in climate policies over this period. The main findings of these research programs were synthetized in consolidated reports. They were published in international peer‐reviewed journals in the energy and climate fields. The results from these projects represent a significant part of the scenario database included in the IPCC 5th Assessment Report , which included over 1000 scenarios. The Integrated Assessment Modeling Consortium (IAMC), another and newer forum for discussing IAM research, also is a key arena for comparing IAMs and organizing priorities for future research. It was created in 2007 and was instrumental in the preparation of the contribution of Working Group III to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report. Besides providing resources and a setting for regular meetings of IAM researchers, IAMC puts a lot of efforts into the mapping and systematization of IAM models and scenarios, thereby contributing to their unification as a category of models.Last but not least, we will also investigate how, by fostering common problem definitions and methodological approaches within the research programs or the creation of the IAMC, these inter-comparison modeling have contributed to delineate an IAM community. Our paper will wonder to what extent the IAM community can be described as an epistemic community (Haas, 1992) which participates, through the production of socio-economic scenarios, to the framing of the assessment of climate policies in IPCC Working Group III. It will also reflect on current evolutions, in particular those related to the Paris agreement on climate change and to the emergence of potential competing approaches and forums focused on national assessment and practical solutions in its wake (e.g Deep Decarbonization Pathway Project). In doing so, it will shed light on the epistemic, institutional and social dynamics involved in the production, framing and diffusion of a very specific type of expertise about the future.
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- 2016
22. Interrogating the transformative power of renewable energy support instruments: the example of feed-in tariffs for photovoltaics
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Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science - Abstract
International audience; Renewable energy policy in Europe largely relies on market-based instruments aimed at inducing change in socio-technical systems. In the case of photovoltaics (PV), these have indirectly contributed to dramatic cost reductions and driven an exponential increase in installed capacities. Installed PV capacity in Europe has increased by 373 times between 2000 and 2012 (Jäger-Waldau, 2013).Feed-in tariffs (FITs) have been a central instrument in these evolutions. They have transformed makets and technologies but also society and politics. Looking at the effects of FITs « in action » sheds light on the implications and challenges of achieving political objectives through the creation and engineering of markets.
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- 2015
23. Mutualising sunshine: Economic entanglements in the Fermes de Figeac's photovoltaic project
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Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Climencored : Politique CLIMat-Énergie et COmmunautés et Reseaux Energétiques Durables, ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Cointe, Béatrice, Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2015
24. Mutualising sunshine: economic and territorial entanglements in a local photovoltaic project.
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice
- Subjects
- *
COOPERATIVE agriculture , *ENERGY development , *SUNSHINE - Abstract
Focusing on a successful local photovoltaic project in France, this paper retraces the emergence and constitution of a territorial capacity to take part in the development of renewable energy as driven by a private actor (an agricultural cooperative) that relied on the combination of policy support, of a tradition of mutualisation, and of its territorial implantation. A relational perspective on innovation and entrepreneurship is adopted to describe the various entanglements that hold this project together. The development of a local renewable energy project and its community is seen as a collective endeavour that requires to establish and consolidate relationships between people and things; relationships are negotiated, tested and shaped through series of trials. I pay particular attention to the material and cognitive devices that are used to articulate the market policy framework and the territory (understood as a geographical, patrimonial and social entity), particularly by organising mutualisation. This enables me to explore how supporting policies and the territory are mobilised and enacted in the course of the project, and the extent to which both are transformed in the process. Supporting policies are turned into a tool for territorial innovation and development, while the tradition of territorial mutualisation that is constitutive of the cooperative that promoted the project becomes a way to provide access to a market and to maximise and redistribute associated profits. This highlights the entanglements through which a specific conception of equity is enacted in a project, and redistributive concerns are incorporated into an economics-centred policy device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. From a promise to a problem: Making photovoltaic markets happen
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID
- Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2013
26. Mutualising sunshine: an experiment in the making of a photovoltaic collective
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2013
27. Political FITs: Regulating the emergence of photovoltaic in France
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice, Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2013
28. L'émergence du photovoltaïque en France à la lumière des tarifs d'achat: exploration d'une technologie modulaire entre politiques et marchés
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), R2DS, ANR, Institut CDC pour la recherche, EHESS, Alain Nadaï, and ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011)
- Subjects
actor-network theory ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,transition énergétique ,mise en politique ,agencements marchands ,publics ,renewable energy ,politicisation ,[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,photovoltaics ,energy transition ,market agencements ,photovoltaïque ,[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies ,tarifs d'achat ,acteur-réseau ,feed-in tariffs ,énergies renouvelables - Abstract
This thesis explores the recent evolutions of photovoltaics in France, and in particular the rise of grid-connected photovoltaics as it was triggered by support policies set up in the 2000s. The chosen actor-network theory approach leads to a material and relational descrption of French photovoltaics as modular technologies whose development was driven by political prices in the shape of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity. From this perspective, the intertwinement of technological evolutions, market-making and politicisation is interrogated. After suggesting a description of photovoltaics as emergent and modular technologies and of feed-in tariffs as political market agencements, the thesis analyses the interwoven trajectories of feed-in tariffs and phootvoltaics in three sites. First, it traces back the constitution of feed-in tariffs as a dominant form of support for photovoltaics in the context of the development of a European policy for renewable energy. It then zooms on the French case, in which the overflowing of the regulated photovoltaic market triggered a political crisis and led to the reconsideration of photovoltaic support schemes. The last case study is a material account of the constitution of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity into an opportunity and a resource for territorial development in the context of a project developed by a rural cooperative in the South West of France.; Cette thèse explore les évolutions récentes du photovoltaïque en France, et en particulier l’essor rapide du photovoltaïque connecté au réseau qu’ont entrainé les politiques de soutien mises en place dans les années 2000. Dans une perspective relevant de la théorie de l’acteur-réseau, elle propose une description matérielle et relationnelle du photovoltaïque français comme technologie modulaire dont le développement a été porté par la mise en place de prix politiques, les tarifs d’achat. Cela amène à interroger les liens entre évolution technologique, mise en marché et mise en politique. Après une description du photovoltaïque comme technologie émergente et modulaire et des tarifs d’achat comme agencements marchands et politiques, la thèse analyse leur trajectoire dans trois sites. Une première étude de cas retrace la constitution des tarifs d’achat en instrument dominant de soutien au photovoltaïque dans le contexte de la mise en place des politiques européennes de développement des énergies renouvelables. On se penche ensuite sur le cas français, dans lequel les débordements du marché régulé du photovoltaïque ont déclenché une crise politique qui a remis en cause les dcispositifs de soutien. Enfin, une dernière étude de cas explore le travail de traduction des tarifs d’achat photovoltaïque en opportunité et en ressource territoriale à travers un projet photovoltaïque mutualisé mené par une coopérative agricole du Lot.
- Published
- 2014
29. Managing political market agencements : solar photovoltaic policy in France.
- Author
-
Cointe, Béatrice
- Subjects
- *
RENEWABLE energy industry , *PHOTOVOLTAIC cells , *SOLAR cells , *ENERGY industries , *ELECTRICITY , *ELECTRIC utilities , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The development of renewable energy is one manifestation of current transformations in the organisation of European energy production and markets. To illuminate the changes triggered by renewable energy policy, the evolution of solar photovoltaic policy in France is analysed with a focus on its central instrument, feed-in tariffs (FITs). FITs for photovoltaics raised difficulties in many countries, but their effects were particularly dramatic in France. Market sociology and science and technology studies are employed to describe FITs as agencements organising the markets and politics of electricity production. FITs are considered as inherently unpredictable insofar as they encourage innovation and the emergence of new actors. The ways in which three successive agencements of FITs for photovoltaics framed the politics and economy of photovoltaics in France, and how they addressed unanticipated effects, are discussed. This is suggestive of transformations and tensions in the construction of French energy policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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