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2. Recording Electrical Brain Activity with Novel Stretchable Electrodes Based on Supersonic Cluster Beam Implantation Nanotechnology on Conformable Polymers

Author

Gnatkovsky V, Cattalini A, Antonini A, Spreafico L, Saini M, Noè F, Alessi C, Librizzi L, Uva L, Marras CE, de Curtis M, and Ferrari S

Subjects
rain, field potentials, recording electrodes, supersonic cluster beam implantation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Vadym Gnatkovsky,1 Alessandro Cattalini,1 Alessandro Antonini,2 Laura Spreafico,2 Matteo Saini,2 Francesco Noè,1 Camilla Alessi,1 Laura Librizzi,1 Laura Uva,1 Carlo Efisio Marras,3 Marco de Curtis,1 Sandro Ferrari2 1Unit of Epileptology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy; 2WISE Srl, Cologno Monzese, Milano, Italy; 3Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Roma, ItalyCorrespondence: Vadym GnatkovskyUnit of Epileptology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Amadeo, 42, Milano 20133, ItalyTel +39 0223944518Email Vadym.Gnatkovsky@istituto-besta.itBackground: Multielectrodes are implanted in central and peripheral nervous systems for rehabilitation and diagnostic purposes. The physical resistance of intracranial devices to mechanical stress is critical and fractures or electrode displacement may occur. We describe here a new recording device with stretchable properties based on Supersonic Cluster Beam Implantation (SCBI) technology with high mechanical adaptability to displacement and movement.Results: The capability of SCBI-based multichannel electrodes to record brain electrical activity was compared to glass/silicon microelectrodes in acute in vitro experiments on the isolated guinea pig brain preparation. Field potentials and power frequency analysis demonstrated equal recording features for SCBI and standard electrodes. Chronic in vivo epidural implantation of the SCBI electrodes confirmed excellent long-term recording properties in comparison to standard EEG metal electrodes. Tissue biocompatibility was demonstrated by neuropathological evaluation of the brain tissue 2 months after the implantation of the devices in the subarachnoid space.Conclusion: We confirm the biocompatibility of novel SCBI-based stretchable electrode devices and demonstrate their suitability for recording electrical brain activity in pre-clinical settings.Keywords: brain, field potentials, recording electrodes, supersonic cluster beam implantation

Published
2019

8. Changes in ventilator strategies and outcomes in preterm infants

Author

Vendettuoli, Valentina, Bellù, Roberto, Zanini, Rinaldo, Mosca, Fabio, Gagliardi, Luigi, Turoli, D, Weissmann, G, De Nisi, G, Barbarini, M, Villa, E, Franco, C, Fasolato, V, Contiero, MR, Cattarossi, L, Ellero, S, Tagliabue, P, Abbiati, L, Fabris, C, Prandi, G, Vielmi, F, Agosti, M, Tandoi, F, De Curtis, M, Lucchini, R, Ferrari, F, Gallo, C, Bellante, E, Boccacci, S, Latini, G, Giannuzzi, R, Martinelli, S, Brunelli, A, Di Nunzio, ML, Filippone, M, Carli, G, Ancora, G, Mammoliti, P, Gancia, GP, Dalmazzo, C, Messina, F, Magaldi, R, Rinaldi, M, Lago, P, Saia, OS, Visentin, S, Presta, G, Cella, D, Poggiani, C, Ferrari, D, Barera, G, Bove, M, Burgio, G, Sala, E, Barberi, I, Tiralongo, V, Faldella, G, Grandi, S, and Cimatti, AG

Published
2014
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31. Strategies for preventing group B streptococcal infections in newborns: A nation-wide survey of Italian policies

Author

Tzialla, C, berardi, A, farina, C, clerici, P, borghesi, A, viora, E, scollo, P, stronati, M, Task Force for group B streptococcal infections for the Italian Society of Neonatology including Stival, G, barbaglia, Ma, guala, A, giunta, E, parola, L, grossignani, Mr, perri, P, tubaldi, L, alletto, G, daidone, S, flacco, V, dani, C, sterpa, A, rapisardi, G, elicio, Mr, faldella, G, capretti, Mg, messner, H, bandiera, M, achille, C, azzali, A, montrasio, G, mariani, S, galvagno, G, giacosa, E, de Angelis, F, spandrio, M, serra, A, garofalo, F, perona, A, porcelli, F, ferrero, F, De Franco, S, paollilo, P, picone, S, besana, R, varisco, T, farina, M, memo, L, nicolini, G, lietti, D, Di Chiara, G, rottoli, A, Bonabitacola, T, Cortis, E, Neri, E, Martinelli, S, Ilardi, L, Rondanini, Gf, Calzi, P, Gatta, A, Quntadamo, Pa, Ivaldi, M, Terenzani, L, Di Lascio, N, Travaglio, Md, Vetrano, G, Furcolo, G, Vitacco, V, Intini, C, Frigerio, M, Stroppiana, P, Policicchio, G, Mesirca, P, Gianino, P, Audenio, E, Paludetto, R, Raimondi, F, Pugliese, A, Valentino, L, Nosari, N, Marchesano, G, Chirico, G, Bellù, R, Menchini, M, Poletti, A, E T, Vacchiano, Pinto, L, E D, Perri, Coppola, R, Perini, R, Vetrella, A, De Luca, G, Lista, G, Cavigioli, F, Bettinelli, A, Massironi, E, Franco, C, Bernardo, L, Poli, S, Palladini, M, Tota, V, Spadavecchia, F, Zuccotti, Gv, Pogliani, L, Bracaglia, G, Mancini, Al, Zocco, F, Iozzia, G, Auriemma, A, Teani, M, Mangilli, G, Tempra, Am, Di Terlizi, L, Bottino, R, Salvi, C, Fortunato, V, Musaico, R, Gargantini, G, Carrera, G, Magaldi, R, Taurino, L, D'Onofrio, Am, Buffone, E, Tempera, A, Agosti, M, Garzia, P, Mosca, F, Pugni, L, Tagliabue, P, Colombo, C, Demi, M, Picco, G, Carlucci, A, Zorzi, G, Padula, D, Cardone, Ml, Buonocore, G, Muraca, Mc, Boldrini, A, Ciantelli, M, Lanari, M, Serra, L, Felici, L, Banderalli, G, Brambilla, C, Dall'Agnola, A, Viviani, E, Zonca, Mc, Licardi, G, Chiara, A, Ancora, G, Papa, I, Gancia, P, Pomero, G, Deloglu, A, Villani, P, Mussini, P, Canidio, E, Migliavacca, D, Di Fabio, S, Cipollone, I, Biasucci, G, Rubbi, P, Piepoli, M, Guastaferro, N, Infriccioli, F, Bertino, E, Perathoner, C, Parmigiani, S, Suriano, G, Ianniello, C, Biasini, A, Azzalli, M, Timpani, G, Barresi, S, Caoci, G, Ciccotti, R, De Curtis, M, Natale, F, Finocchi, M, Haass, C, Milillo, F, Lucieri, S, Guercio, E, Canepa, Sa, Scozia, G, Antonucci, R, Limongelli, O, Macciò, S, Mongelli, F, Colonna, F, Dragovic, D, Calipa, Mt, Cohen, A, Moresco, L, Italian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists including La Spina, R, Ruggeri, R, Luehwink, A, Brattoli, M, Fedi, A, Lacchi, L, Ettore, G, Pappalardo, E, Conoscenti, G, Zeni, B, Spellecchia, D, Favretti, L, Spagna, L, Zaglio, S, Bresciani, D, Bandini, A, Mancini, R, Mustoni, P, Dodero, D, Grimaldi, M, Di Mario, M, Migliorini, P, Kemeny, A, Anastasio, Ps, Riccardi, T, Maggino, T, Cerri, G, Puggina, P, Marconi, Am, Morgia, S, Bellia, G, D'Anna, Mr, Catania, M, Bacchi Modena, A, Franchi, L, Calonaci, N, Schettini, S, Paradiso, R, Saccucci, P, Ioppi, M, Zorzi, M, Stellin, G, Patacchiola, F, Carrata, L, Bassini, D, San Marco, L, Todros, T, Tibadi, C, Liborio, M, Italian Association of Clinical Microbiologists including Laricchia, R, Tauro, L, Ferrara, F, Nuara, C, Ghiraldi, E, Molinari, F, Comessatti, A, Rocchetti, A, Di Matteo, L, Miconi, V, Calvi, P, Pernigotti, A, Fabozzi, F, Micca, G, Monticone, G, Sarti, M, Da Rin, G, Zoppelletto, M, Modolo, E, Landini, Mp, Furlini, G, Galluppi, E, Pagani, E, Aschbacher, R, Innocenti, P, Bresolin, N, Raggi, Me, Bonfanti, C, De Francesco, M, Santer, P, Griessmaier, A, De Francesco, D, Pirali, A, Prasciolu, C, Usai, F, Cuzzone, G, Scutellà, M, Tramacere, P, Fossati, D, Piaserico, G, Bordignon, G, Sciacca, A, Di Vincenzo, F, Imbriani, A, Melotti, D, Catanoso, G, Rivetti, I, Neri, G, Bruno, R, Bacelle, L, Sartore, P, Giana, G, Sala, E, Giraldi, C, Cavalcanti, P, Perugini, M, Perugini, A, Ginardi, C, Maritano, D, Ferrini, A, Bonettini, A, Avanzini, A, Gasperoni, S, Pieretti, B, Montanari, E, Carillo, C, Rossi, Mr, Laureti, A, Baldoni, Ml, Serra, D, Melioli, G, Bandettini, R, Oneto, F, Colla, R, Storchi Incerti, S, Lanzini, F, Pauri, P, Tili, E, Leone, Ra, Verdastro, G, Megha, M, Luzzaro, F, Conti, A, Busulini, L, Mirri, P, Diodati, R, Vettori, C, Pittalis, S, Anesi, A, Fiore, A, Goglia, L, Vitullo, E, Sinno, A, Platzgummer, S, Spitaler, C, Trabucchi, Mc, Besozzi, M, Cesana, E, Inghilleri, G, Grosso, S, D'Angelo, R, Fogato, E, Lavarda, F, Ortisi, G, Clementi, M, Cichero, P, Rumpianesi, F, Venturelli, C, Mortillaro, F, Daffara, S, Catania, Mr, Iula, D, Andreoni, S, Politi, A, Agostinelli, C, Paparella, C, Capozzi, D, Notaris, P, Bistoni, F, Mencacci, A, Valentini, M, Filippetti, A, Confalonieri, M, Novarese, O, Bonini, F, Salamone, D, Camporese, A, De Rosa, R, Casprini, P, Degl'Innocenti, R, Giordano, R, Allù, Mt, Zanella, D, Malandrino, M, Tronci, M, Valmarin, M, Leonetti, G, Falco, S, Meledandri, M, Ballardini, M, Spanò, A, Cava, Mc, Mascellino, Mt, Schinella, M, Gualdi, P, Casari, E, Scattolo, N, Motta, C, Perfetti, C, Bassano, M, Cera, G, Iafisco, P, Mura, I, Palmieri, A, Migliardi, M, Ferlini, M, Grandi, G, Giardini, F, Albano, F, Latino, M, Ferrero, Mp, Bellizia, L, Russolo, M, Russolo, S, Pesenti, A, Fasano, Ma, Previato, S, Radillo, O, Busetti, M, Ferrari, P, Siderini, V, Puzzolante, L, Scarparo, C, Arzese, A, Cappuccia, N, Lodolo, L, Delledonne, L, Gramoni, A, Maiolo, V, Gheller, A, Spadaro, S, Balzaretti, M, Tzialla, C., Berardi, A., Farina, C., Clerici, P., Borghesi, A., Viora, E., Scollo, P., Stronati, M., Stival, G., Barbaglia, M. A., Guala, A., Giunta, E., Parola, L., Grossignani, M. R., Perri, P., Tubaldi, L., Alletto, G., Daidone, S., Flacco, V., Dani, C., Sterpa, A., Rapisardi, G., Elicio, M. R., Faldella, G., Capretti, M. G., Messner, H., Bandiera, M., Achille, C., Azzali, A., Montrasio, G., Mariani, S., Galvagno, G., Giacosa, E., de Angelis, F., Spandrio, M., Serra, A., Garofalo, F., Perona, A., Porcelli, F., Ferrero, F., De Franco, S., Paollilo, P., Picone, S., Besana, R., Varisco, T., Farina, M., Memo, L., Nicolini, G., Lietti, D., Di Chiara, G., Rottoli, A., Bonabitacola, T., Cortis, E., Neri, E., Martinelli, S., Ilardi, L., Rondanini, G. F., Calzi, P., Gatta, A., Quntadamo, P. A., Ivaldi, M., Terenzani, L., Di Lascio, N., Travaglio, M. D., Vetrano, G., Furcolo, G., Vitacco, V., Intini, C., Frigerio, M., Stroppiana, P., Policicchio, G., Mesirca, P., Gianino, P., Audenio, E., Paludetto, R., Raimondi, F., Pugliese, A., Valentino, L., Nosari, N., Marchesano, G., Chirico, G., Bell(`u), R., Menchini, M., Poletti, A., Vacchiano, T., Pinto, L., Perri, D., Coppola, R., Perini, R., Vetrella, A., De Luca, G., Lista, G., Cavigioli, F., Bettinelli, A., Massironi, E., Franco, C., Bernardo, L., Poli, S., Palladini, M., Tota, V., Spadavecchia, F., Zuccotti, G. V., Pogliani, L., Bracaglia, G., Mancini, A. L., Zocco, F., Iozzia, G., Auriemma, A., Teani, M., Mangilli, G., Tempra, A. M., Di Terlizi, L., Bottino, R., Salvi, C., Fortunato, V., Musaico, R., Gargantini, G., Carrera, G., Magaldi, R., Taurino, L., D?onofrio, A. M., Buffone, E., Tempera, A., Agosti, M., Garzia, P., Mosca, F., Pugni, L., Tagliabue, P., Colombo, C., Demi, M., Picco, G., Carlucci, A., Zorzi, G., Padula, D., Cardone, M. L., Buonocore, G., Muraca, M. C., Boldrini, A., Ciantelli, M., Lanari, M., Serra, L., Felici, L., Banderalli, G., Brambilla, C., Dall?agnola, A., Viviani, E., Zonca, M. C., Licardi, G., Chiara, A., Ancora, G., Papa, I., Gancia, P., Pomero, G., Deloglu, A., Villani, P., Mussini, P., Canidio, E., Migliavacca, D., Di Fabio, S., Cipollone, I., Biasucci, G., Rubbi, P., Piepoli, M., Guastaferro, N., Infriccioli, F., Bertino, E., Perathoner, C., Parmigiani, S., Suriano, G., Ianniello, C., Biasini, A., Azzalli, M., Timpani, G., Barresi, S., Caoci, G., Ciccotti, R., De Curtis, M., Natale, F., Finocchi, M., Haass, C., Milillo, F., Lucieri, S., Guercio, E., Canepa, S. A., Scozia, G., Antonucci, R., Limongelli, O., Macci(`o), S., Mongelli, F., Colonna, F., Dragovic, D., Calipa, M. T., Cohen, A., Moresco, L., La Spina, R., Ruggeri, R., Luehwink, A., Brattoli, M., Fedi, A., Lacchi, L., Ettore, G., Pappalardo, E., Conoscenti, G., Zeni, B., Spellecchia, D., Favretti, L., Spagna, L., Zaglio, S., Bresciani, D., Bandini, A., Mancini, R., Mustoni, P., Dodero, D., Grimaldi, M., Di Mario, M., Migliorini, P., Kemeny, A., Anastasio, P. S., Riccardi, T., Maggino, T., Cerri, G., Puggina, P., Marconi, A. M., Morgia, S., Bellia, G., D?anna, M. R., Catania, M., Bacchi Modena, A., Franchi, L., Calonaci, N., Schettini, S., Paradiso, R., Saccucci, P., Ioppi, M., Zorzi, M., Stellin, G., Patacchiola, F., Carrata, L., Bassini, D., San Marco, L., Todros, T., Tibadi, C., Liborio, M., Laricchia, R., Tauro, L., Ferrara, F., Nuara, C., Ghiraldi, E., Molinari, F., Comessatti, A., Rocchetti, A., Di Matteo, L., Miconi, V., Calvi, P., Pernigotti, A., Fabozzi, F., Micca, G., Monticone, G., Sarti, M., Da Rin, G., Zoppelletto, M., Modolo, E., Landini, M. P., Furlini, G., Galluppi, E., Pagani, E., Aschbacher, R., Innocenti, P., Bresolin, N., Raggi, M. E., Bonfanti, C., De Francesco, M., Santer, P., Griessmaier, A., De Francesco, D., Pirali, A., Prasciolu, C., Usai, F., Cuzzone, G., Scutell(`a), M., Tramacere, P., Fossati, D., Piaserico, G., Bordignon, G., Sciacca, A., Di Vincenzo, F., Imbriani, A., Melotti, D., Catanoso, G., Rivetti, I., Neri, G., Bruno, R., Bacelle, L., Sartore, P., Giana, G., Sala, E., Giraldi, C., Cavalcanti, P., Perugini, M., Perugini, A., Ginardi, C., Maritano, D., Ferrini, A., Bonettini, A., Avanzini, A., Gasperoni, S., Pieretti, B., Montanari, E., Carillo, C., Rossi, M. R., Laureti, A., Baldoni, M. L., Serra, D., Melioli, G., Bandettini, R., Oneto, F., Colla, R., Storchi Incerti, S., Lanzini, F., Pauri, P., Tili, E., Leone, R. A., Verdastro, G., Megha, M., Luzzaro, F., Conti, A., Busulini, L., Mirri, P., Diodati, R., Vettori, C., Pittalis, S., Anesi, A., Fiore, A., Goglia, L., Vitullo, E., Sinno, A., Platzgummer, S., Spitaler, C., Trabucchi, M. C., Besozzi, M., Cesana, E., Inghilleri, G., Grosso, S., D?angelo, R., Fogato, E., Lavarda, F., Ortisi, G., Clementi, M., Cichero, P., Rumpianesi, F., Venturelli, C., Mortillaro, F., Daffara, S., Catania, M. R., Iula, D., Andreoni, S., Politi, A., Agostinelli, C., Paparella, C., Capozzi, D., Notaris, P., Bistoni, F., Mencacci, A., Valentini, M., Filippetti, A., Confalonieri, M., Novarese, O., Bonini, F., Salamone, D., Camporese, A., De Rosa, R., Casprini, P., Degl?innocenti, R., Giordano, R., All(`u), M. T., Zanella, D., Malandrino, M., Tronci, M., Valmarin, M., Leonetti, G., Falco, S., Meledandri, M., Ballardini, M., Span(`o), A., Cava, M. C., Mascellino, M. T., Schinella, M., Gualdi, P., Casari, E., Scattolo, N., Motta, C., Perfetti, C., Bassano, M., Cera, G., Iafisco, P., Mura, I., Palmieri, A., Migliardi, M., Ferlini, M., Grandi, G., Giardini, F., Albano, F., Latino, M., Ferrero, M. P., Bellizia, L., Russolo, M., Russolo, S., Pesenti, A., Fasano, M. A., Previato, S., Radillo, O., Busetti, M., Ferrari, P., Siderini, V., Puzzolante, L., Scarparo, C., Arzese, A., Cappuccia, N., Lodolo, L., Delledonne, L., Gramoni, A., Maiolo, V., Gheller, A., Spadaro, S., Balzaretti, M., Tzialla, Chryssoula, Berardi, Alberto, Farina, Claudio, Clerici, Pierangelo, Borghesi, Alessandro, Viora, Elsa, Scollo, Paolo, Stronati, Mauro, [.., Lanari, Marcello, Faldella, Giacomo, and ]

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Group B, 0302 clinical medicine, Neonate, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Mass Screening, Blood culture, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Survey, GBS, Group B streptococcus, Infection, Newborn infant, Adult, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Neonatal Screening, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prenatal Care, Primary Prevention, Risk Assessment, Streptococcal Infections, Streptococcus agalactiae, reproductive and urinary physiology, Group B streptococcu, medicine.diagnostic_test, lcsh:RJ1-570, Infectious, Perinatology and Child Health, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine.medical_specialty, Antibiotic sensitivity, Group B Streptococcal Infection, Prenatal care, 03 medical and health sciences, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Intensive care medicine, Mass screening, business.industry, Public health, Infant, lcsh:Pediatrics, Newborn, Pregnancy Complications, business
Abstract

Background There are no Italian data regarding the strategies for preventing neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) infection. We conducted a national survey in order to explore obstetrical, neonatal and microbiological practices for the GBS prevention. Methods Three distinct questionnaires were sent to obstetricians, neonatologists and microbiologists. Questionnaires included data on prenatal GBS screening, maternal risk factors, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, microbiological information concerning specimen processing and GBS antimicrobial susceptibility. Results All respondent obstetrical units used the culture-based screening approach to identify women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, and more than half of the microbiological laboratories (58%) reported using specimen processing consistent with CDC guidelines. Most neonatal units (89 out of 107, 82%) reported using protocols for preventing GBS early-onset sepsis consistent with CDC guidelines. Conclusions The screening-based strategy is largely prevalent in Italy, and most protocols for preventing GBS early-onset sepsis are consistent with CDC guidelines. However, we found discrepancies in practices among centers that may reflect the lack of Italian guidelines issued by public health organizations.

Published
2017

32. Intersociety policy statement on the use of whole-exome sequencing in the critically ill newborn infant

Author

Borghesi, A, Mencarelli, Ma, Memo, L, Ferrero, Gb, Bartuli, A, Genuardi, M, Stronati, M, Villani, A, Renieri, A, Corsello, G, Their Respective Scientific Societies, Agostiniani, R, Staiano, A, Del Vecchio, A, Banderali, G, Peroni, D, Piazzolla, R, Turra, R, Bozzola, E, Vecchio, D, Rosati, Gv, Macrì, F, Romagnoli, C, De Curtis, M, Orfeo, L, Mangili, G, Mosca, F, Fanos, V, Paolillo, P, Raimondi, F, Rizzo, A, Chirico, G, Corvaglia, Lt, Cacace, Concetta, Poggiani, C, Zuppa, Aa, Pisano, D, Melis, D, Giuffrè, M, Carbone, Mt, Macchiaiolo, M, Tarani, L, Selicorni, A, Andria, G, Coviello, D, Gentile, M, Ghiorzo, P, Novelli, A, Ragusa, A, Scarano, G, Giardino, D., Borghesi A, Mencarelli MA, Memo L, Ferrero GB, Bartuli A, Genuardi M, Stronati M, Villani A, Renieri A, Corsello G, Borghesi, Alessandro, Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta, Memo, Luigi, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Bartuli, Andrea, Genuardi, Maurizio, Stronati, Mauro, Villani, Alberto, Renieri, Alessandra, Corsello, Giovanni, and Agostiniani R, Staiano A, Del Vecchio A, Banderali G, Peroni D, Piazzolla R, Turra R, Bozzola E, Vecchio D, Rosati GV, Macrì F, Romagnoli C, De Curtis M, Orfeo L, Mangili G, Mosca F, Fanos V, Paolillo P, Raimondi F, Rizzo A, Chirico G, Corvaglia LT, Cacace C, Poggiani C, Zuppa AA, Pisano D, Melis D, Giuffrè M, Carbone MT, Macchiaiolo M, Tarani L, Selicorni A, Andria G, Coviello D, Gentile M, Ghiorzo P, Novelli A, Ragusa A, Scarano G, Giardino D.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Neonatal intensive care unit, Disease, Review, 030105 genetics & heredity, Pediatrics, Whole Exome Sequencing, Neonate, Neonatal, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Diagnosis, Policy Making, Exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, Genome, lcsh:RJ1-570, Perinatology and Child Health, Settore MED/38, Intensive Care Units, Italy, Whole-exome sequencing, Practice Guidelines as Topic, symbols, WES, Female, Human, Diagnosi, NICU, medicine.medical_specialty, Mendelian, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Neonatal Screening, Genetic, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Exome Sequencing, medicine, WGS, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Humans, Genetic Testing, Intensive care medicine, Settore MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICA, Genetic heterogeneity, Critically ill, business.industry, Genome, Human, Infant, Newborn, Infant, lcsh:Pediatrics, Newborn, Infant newborn, 030104 developmental biology, Differential diagnosis, business
Abstract

The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the decrease in costs for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequening (WGS), has prompted its clinical application in several fields of medicine. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the use of NGS in the field of neonatal medicine and in the diagnosis of genetic diseases in critically ill newborn infants. As a consequence, NGS may be underused with reduced diagnostic success rate, or overused, with increased costs for the healthcare system. Most genetic diseases may be already expressed during the neonatal age, but their identification may be complicated by nonspecific presentation, especially in the setting of critical clinical conditions. The differential diagnosis process in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be time-consuming, uncomfortable for the patient due to repeated sampling, and ineffective in reaching a molecular diagnosis during NICU stay. Serial gene sequencing (Sanger sequencing) may be successful only for conditions for which the clinical phenotype strongly suggests a diagnostic hypothesis and for genetically homogeneous diseases. Newborn screenings with Guthrie cards, which vary from country to country, are designed to only test for a few dozen genetic diseases out of the more than 6000 diseases for which a genetic characterization is available. The use of WES in selected cases in the NICU may overcome these issues. We present an intersociety document that aims to define the best indications for the use of WES in different clinical scenarios in the NICU. We propose that WES is used in the NICU for critically ill newborn infants when an early diagnosis is desirable to guide the clinical management during NICU stay, when a strong hypothesis cannot be formulated based on the clinical phenotype or the disease is genetically heterogeneous, and when specific non-genetic laboratory tests are not available. The use of WES may reduce the time for diagnosis in infants during NICU stay and may eventually result in cost-effectiveness.

Published
2017

35. Caution advised regarding lung recruitment before surfactant – Authors’ reply

Author

Ventura, M L, Pastorino, R, van Kaam, A H, Carnielli, V, Cools, F, Dani, C, Mosca, F, Polglase, G, Tagliabue, P, Boni, L, Cota, F, Tana, M, Tirone, C, Aurilia, C, Lio, A, Cost, S, D'Andrea, V, Lucente, M, Nigro, G, Giordano, L, Roma, V, Villani, P, Fusco, F P, Fasolato, V, Colnaghi, M R, Matassa, P G, Vendettuoli, V, Poggi, C, Del Vecchi, A, Petrillo, F, Betta, P, Mattia, C, Garani, G, Solinas, A, Gitto, E, Salvo, V, Gargano, G, Balestri, E, Sandri, F, Mescoli, G, Martinelli, S, Ilardi, L, Ciarmoli, E, Di Fabio, S, Maranella, E, Grassia, C, Ausanio, G, Rossi, V, Motta, A, Tina, L G, Maiolo, K, Nobile, S, Messner, H, Staffler, A, Ferrero, F, Stasi, I, Pieragostini, L, Mondello, I, Haass, C, Consigli, C, Vedovato, S, Grison, A, Maffei, G, Presta, G, Perniola, R, Vitaliti, M, Re, M P, De Curtis, M, Cardilli, V, Lago, P, Tormena, F, Orfeo, L, Gizzi, C, Massenzi, L, Gazzolo, D, Strozzi, M C M, Bottino, R, Pontiggia, F, Berardi, A, Guidotti, I, Cacace, C, Meli, V, Quartulli, L, Scorrano, A, Casati, A, Grappone, L, Pillow, J J, and Vento, Giovanni

Published
2021
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37. Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization during the first year of life in a multicenter Italian birth cohort

Author

Lanari M, Prinelli F, Adorni F, Di Santo S, Vandini S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, Gabriele B, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Bertino E, Fabris C, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Arco A, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Scarcella A, Umbaldo A, De Curtis M, Natale F, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari, Marcello, Prinelli, Federica, Adorni, Fulvio, Di Santo, Simona, Vandini, Silvia, Silvestri, Michela, Musicco, Massimo, and Lanari M, Prinelli F, Adorni F, Di Santo S, Vandini S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, Gabriele B, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Bertino E, Fabris C, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Arco A, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Scarcella A, Umbaldo A, De Curtis M, Natale F, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C

Subjects
Palivizumab, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Gestational Age, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory syncytial virus, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Bronchiolitis, Viral, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bronchiolitis, Children, Hospitalization, Prophylaxis, Risk factor, Breast Feeding, Crowding, Female, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Multivariate Analysis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Viral, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Risk factor, Respiratory syncytial virus, Prophylaxis, Palivizumab, Children, business.industry, Research, Gestational age, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine.disease, Newborn, 3. Good health, Gestation, business, Breast feeding, medicine.drug, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is one of the main causes of respiratory infections during the first year of life. Very premature infants may contract more severe diseases and 'late preterm infants' may also be more susceptible to the infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization during the first year of life in children born at different gestational ages in Italy. Methods: A cohort of 33-34 weeks gestational age (wGA) newborns matched by sex and age with two cohort of newborns born at 35-37 wGA and >37 wGA were enrolled in this study for a three-year period (2009-2012). Hospitalization for bronchiolitis (ICD-9 code 466.1) during the first year of life was assessed through phone interview at the end of the RSV season (November-March) and at the completion of the first year of life. Results: The study enrolled 2314 newborns, of which 2210 (95.5 %) had a one year follow-up and were included in the analysis; 120 (5.4 %) were hospitalized during the first year of life for bronchiolitis. Children born at 33-34 wGA had a higher hospitalization rate compared to the two other groups. The multivariate analysis carried out on the entire population associated the following factors with higher rates for bronchiolitis hospitalization: male gender; prenatal treatment with corticosteroids; prenatal exposure to maternal smoking; singleton delivery; respiratory diseases in neonatal period; surfactant therapy; lack of breastfeeding; siblings

Published
2015
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38. Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure increases hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in infants

Author

Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Di Santo S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, ' Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Fabris C, Bertino E, Gaudino M, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, De Curtis M, Natale F, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Umbaldo A, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Gabriele B, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Di Santo S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, ' Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Fabris C, Bertino E, Gaudino M, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, De Curtis M, Natale F, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Umbaldo A, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Gabriele B, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari, Marcello, Vandini, Silvia, Adorni, Fulvio, Prinelli, Federica, Di Santo, Simona, Silvestri, Michela, and Musicco, Massimo

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Time Factors, Time Factor, Offspring, Longitudinal Studie, Risk Assessment, Tobacco smoke exposure, Pregnancy, Infant, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Risk factor, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Infant, Pregnancy, Risk factor, Tobacco smoke exposure, Age Factors, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Inhalation Exposure, Italy, Longitudinal Studies, Maternal Exposure, Risk Factors, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, medicine, Age Factor, Bronchioliti, Intensive care medicine, Inhalation exposure, business.industry, Research, Gestational age, Newborn, medicine.disease, Risk assessment, business, Human, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) is a worldwide health problem and it is considered a risk factor for pregnant women’s and children’s health, particularly for respiratory morbidity during the first year of life. Few significant birth cohort studies on the effect of prenatal TSE via passive and active maternal smoking on the development of severe bronchiolitis in early childhood have been carried out worldwide. Methods From November 2009 to December 2012, newborns born at ≥33 weeks of gestational age (wGA) were recruited in a longitudinal multi-center cohort study in Italy to investigate the effects of prenatal and postnatal TSE, among other risk factors, on bronchiolitis hospitalization and/or death during the first year of life. Results Two thousand two hundred ten newborns enrolled at birth were followed-up during their first year of life. Of these, 120 (5.4 %) were hospitalized for bronchiolitis. No enrolled infants died during the study period. Prenatal passive TSE and maternal active smoking of more than 15 cigarettes/daily are associated to a significant increase of the risk of offspring children hospitalization for bronchiolitis, with an adjHR of 3.5 (CI 1.5–8.1) and of 1.7 (CI 1.1–2.6) respectively. Conclusions These results confirm the detrimental effects of passive TSE and active heavy smoke during pregnancy for infants’ respiratory health, since the exposure significantly increases the risk of hospitalization for bronchiolitis in the first year of life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0312-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015
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39. Optimization of rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) pulse sequence parameters for19F-MRI studies

Author

Mastropietro, A, DE BERNARDI, ELISABETTA, Breschi, G, Zucca, I, Cametti, M, Soffientini, C, de Curtis, M, Terraneo, G, Metrangolo, P, Spreafico, R, Resnati, G, Baselli, G., Mastropietro, A, DE BERNARDI, E, Breschi, G, Zucca, I, Cametti, M, Soffientini, C, de Curtis, M, Terraneo, G, Metrangolo, P, Spreafico, R, Resnati, G, and Baselli, G

Subjects
fast spin echo, ING-INF/06 - BIOINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA E INFORMATICA, pulse sequence optimization, RARE, sensitivity threshold, 19F MRI, molecular imaging
Abstract

Purpose To optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in fast spin echo (rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE]) sequences and to improve sensitivity in 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 7T preclinical MRI system, based on a previous experimental evaluation of T 1 and T2 actual relaxation times. Materials and Methods Relative SNR changes were theoretically calculated at given relaxation times (T1, T2) and mapped in RARE parameter space (TR, number of echoes, flip back pulse), at fixed acquisition times. T1 and T 2 of KPF6 phantom samples (solution, agar mixtures, ex vivo perfused brain) were measured and experimental SNR values were compared with simulations, at optimal and suboptimal RARE parameter values. Results The optimized setting largely depended on T1, T2 times and the use of flip back pulse improved SNR up to 30% in case of low T 1/T2 ratios. Relaxation times in different conditions showed negligible changes in T1 (below 14%) and more evident changes in T2 (-95% from water solution to ex vivo brain). Experimental data confirmed theoretical forecasts, within an error margin always below 4.1% at SNR losses of ∼20% and below 8.8% at SNR losses of ∼40%. The optimized settings permitted a detection threshold at a concentration of 0.5 mM, corresponding to 6.22 × 1016 fluorine atoms per voxel. Conclusion Optimal settings according to measured relaxation times can significantly improve the sensitivity threshold in 19F MRI studies. They were provided in a wide range of (T1, T2) values and experimentally validated showing good agreement.

Published
2014

40. GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING ASSOCIATED WITH PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS IN PRETERM NEONATES

Author

Terrin, G, Conte, F, Oncel, My, D’Aquino, E, Cautilli, F, Monaco, S, Di Chiara, M, Mcnamara, Pj, Simons, S, Sinha, Rajeev, Erdeve, O, Tekgunduz, Ks, Dogan, M, Kessel, I, Hammerman, C, Nadir, E, Yurttutan, S, Jasani, B, Alan, S, Manguso, F, and De Curtis, M.

Subjects
gastointestinal bleeding, newborn, paracetamol, prematurity, Patent ductus arteriosus, Patent ductus arteriosus, newborn, neonate, prematurity, paracetamol, gastointestinal bleeding, neonate
Published
2016

42. Paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm

Author

Terrin, G, Conte, F, Oncel, MY, Scipione, A, McNamara, PJ, Simons, S, Sinha, R, Erdeve, O, Tekgunduz, KS, Dogan, M, Kessel, I, Hammerman, C, Nadir, E, Yurttutan, S, Jasani, B, Alan, S, Manguso, F, and De Curtis, M

Subjects
organic chemicals
Abstract

Objectives We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all the available evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of paracetamol for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in neonates, and to explore the effects of clinical variables on the risk of closure. Data source MEDLINE, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge databases, using the following medical subject headings and terms: paracetamol, acetaminophen and patent ductus arteriosus. Electronic and manual screening of conference abstracts from international meetings of relevant organisations. Manual search of the reference lists of all eligible articles. Study selection Studies comparing paracetamol versus ibuprofen, indomethacin, placebo or no intervention for the treatment of PDA. Data extraction Data regarding efficacy and safety were collected and analysed. Results Sixteen studies were included: 2 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 uncontrolled studies. Quality of selected studies is poor. A meta-analysis of RCTs does not demonstrate any difference in the risk of ductal closure (Mantel-Haenszel model, RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.33 and RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.16, after 3 and 6 days of treatment, respectively). Proportion meta-analysis of uncontrolled studies demonstrates a pooled ductal closure rate of 49% (95% CI 29% to 69%) and 76% (95% CI 61% to 88%) after 3 and 6 days of treatment with paracetamol, respectively. Safety profiles of paracetamol and ibuprofen are similar. Conclusions Efficacy and safety of paracetamol appear to be comparable with those of ibuprofen. These results should be interpreted with caution, taking into account the non-optimal quality of the studies analysed and the limited number of neonates treated with paracetamol so far.

Published
2016

43. Work environment, volume of activity and staffing in neonatal intensive care units in Italy: results of the SONAR-nurse study

Author

Corchia, C, Fanelli, S, Gagliardi, L, Bellù, R, Zangrandi, A, Persico, A, Zanini, R, SONAR-Nurse Study Group including Bellù, R, Bertino, E, Casati, M, Cazzaniga, A, Plevani, L, Mosca, F, Baracchetti, R, Villa, E, Tandoi, F, Boccacci, S, Martinelli, S, Coscia, P, Poggiani, C, Ferrari, D, Barera, G, Poloniato, A, Ruggeri, V, Burgio, G, Carrera, G, D'Alterio, R, Merazzi, D, Lomazzi, M, Coscia, A, Borgione, S, Anselmo, C, Galletto, P, Gancia, Gp, Parola, A, Sabatini, M, Gazzolo, D, Carli, G, Filippone, M, Lago, P, Heun, N, Visentin, S, Bertolini, A, Padovani, Em, Bellettato, M, Gasparin, B, Serra, A, Santuz, P, Ellero, S, Fantini, M, Contiero, Rm, Gallo, C, Mammoliti, Pm, Ancora, G, Faldella, G, Sandri, F, Stella, M, Biasini, A, Fioravanti, L, Dessì, S, Sigali, E, Vuerich, M, Cacciavellani, R, Bragetti, P, De Curtis, M, Lucchini, R, Parente, G, Massenzi, L, Calibita, G, Haass, C, Scapillati, E, Pietro, S, Dotta, A, D'Agostino, G, Picone, S, Messina, F, Napolitano, M, Salvia, G, Moschella, S, Orfeo, L, Chello, G, Carpentieri, M, Vacchiano, T, Vetrano, G, Rabuano, R, Simonetti, Dm, Quartulli, L, Rinaldi, M, Magaldi, R, Presta, G, Greco, F, Forziati, V, Acito, A, Gatta, A, Quitadamo, P, Rotondo, S, Laforgia, N, Grassi, A, Del Cuore, F, Lucente, M, Costabile, Cd, Nicolò, A, Arco, A, Marseglia, L, Pinna, G, Rosella, V, Giuffrè, M, Marchesano, G, Inferiore, N, Corso, G, Cannuscio, A, Gargano, G, Pedoni, S, Poloni, G, Di Leo, L, Crescenzi, F, Celi, F, Betta, P, Carlo Corchia, Simone Fanelli, Luigi Gagliardi, Roberto Bellù, Antonello Zangrandi, Anna Persico, Rinaldo Zanini, SONAR-Nurse Study GroupCorchia [.., Giacomo Faldella, ], Corchia, C., Fanelli, S., Gagliardi, L., Bellù, R., Zangrandi, A., Persico, A., Zanini, R., Giuffre, M., and SONAR-Nurse Study Group

Subjects
Cross-sectional study, Staffing, Workload, Critical Care Nursing, Pediatrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Nursing, 030225 pediatrics, Intensive care, Critical care nursing, Surveys and Questionnaires, Neonatal, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Medicine, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaire, 030212 general & internal medicine, Location, Workplace, Cross-Sectional Studie, business.industry, Research, Nurse-Patient Relation, Infant, Newborn, Patient Acuity, Infant, Perinatology and Child Health, Newborn, Nurse-Patient Relations, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Pediatric Nursing, Intensive Care Units, Workforce, Intensive care units, Nurse-patient relations, Patient acuity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Pediatric nursing, business, Human
Abstract

Background Neonatal units’ volume of activity, and other quantitative and qualitative variables, such as staffing, workload, work environment, care organization and geographical location, may influence the outcome of high risk newborns. Data about the distribution of these variables and their relationships among Italian neonatal units are lacking. Methods Between March 2010-April 2011, 63 neonatal intensive care units adhering to the Italian Neonatal Network participated in the SONAR Nurse study. Their main features and work environment were investigated by questionnaires compiled by the chief and by physicians and nurses of each unit. Twelve cross-sectional monthly-repeated surveys on different shifts were performed, collecting data on number of nurses on duty and number and acuity of hospitalized infants. Results Six hundred forty five physicians and 1601 nurses compiled the questionnaires. In the cross-sectional surveys 702 reports were collected, with 11082 infant and 3226 nurse data points. A high variability was found for units’ size (4–50 total beds), daily number of patients (median 14.5, range 3.4-48.7), number of nurses per shift (median 4.2, range 0.7-10.8) and number of team meetings per month. Northern regions performed better than Central and Southern regions for frequency of training meetings, qualitative assessment of performance, motivation within the unit and nursing work environment; mean physicians’ and nurses’ age increased moving from North to South. After stratification by terciles of the mean daily number of patients, the median number of nurses per shift increased at increasing volume of activity, while the opposite was found for the nurse-to-patient ratio adjusted by patients’ acuity. On average, in units belonging to the lower tercile there was 1 nurse every 2.5 patients, while in those belonging to the higher tercile the ratio was 1 nurse every 5 patients. Conclusions In Italy, there is a high variability in organizational characteristics and work environment among neonatal units and an uneven distribution of human resources in relation to volume of activity, suggesting that the larger the unit the greater the workload for each nurse. Urgent modifications in planning and organization of services are needed in order to pursue more efficient, homogeneous and integrated regionalized neonatal care systems.

Published
2016

44. Zinc supplementation reduces morbidity and mortality in very-low birth-weight preterm neonates: a hospital-based randomized, placebo-controlled trial in an industrialized country

Author

TERRIN, GIANLUCA, BERNI CANANI, ROBERTO, PASSARIELLO, ANNALISA, Messina F, Conti MG, Caoci S, Smaldore A, Bertino E, De Curtis M., Terrin, Gianluca, BERNI CANANI, Roberto, Passariello, Annalisa, Messina, F, Conti, Mg, Caoci, S, Smaldore, A, Bertino, E, and De Curtis, M.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Zinc plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and in body growth. Preterm neonates have high zinc requirements. OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in reducing morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates and to promote growth. DESIGN:This was a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study of very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates randomly allocated on the seventh day of life to receive (zinc group) or not receive (control group) oral zinc supplementation. Total prescribed zinc intake ranged from 9.7 to 10.7 mg/d in the zinc group and from 1.3 to 1.4 mg/d in the placebo control group. The main endpoint was the rate of neonates with ≥ 1 of the following morbidities: late-onset sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leucomalacia, and retinopathy of prematurity. Secondary outcomes were mortality and body growth. RESULTS:We enrolled 97 neonates in the zinc group and 96 in the control group. Morbidities were significantly lower in the zinc group (26.8% compared with 41.7%; P = 0.030). The occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis was significantly higher in the control group (6.3% compared with 0%; P = 0.014). Mortality risk was higher in the placebo control group (RR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.08, 5.18; P = 0.006). Daily weight gain was similar in the zinc (18.2 ± 5.6 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) and control (17.0 ± 8.7 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) groups (P = 0.478). CONCLUSION:Oral zinc supplementation given at high doses reduces morbidities and mortality in preterm neonates. This trial was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Register as ACTRN12612000823875.

Published
2013

45. On the ictogenic properties of the piriform cortex in vitro

Author

Panuccio, G, Sanchez, G, Lévesque, M, Salami, P, de Curtis, M, and Avoli, Massimo

Subjects
Male, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Epilepsy, Organ Culture Techniques, Animals, Olfactory Pathways, Nerve Net, Receptors, GABA-A, Synaptic Transmission, Article, Rats
Abstract

The piriform cortex (PC) is known to be epileptic-prone and it may be involved in the manifestation of limbic seizures. Herein, we have characterized some electrophysiologic and pharmacologic properties of the spontaneous epileptiform activity generated by PC networks maintained in vitro.We performed field potential recordings from the PC in coronal or sagittal rat brain slices along with pharmacologic manipulations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic and glutamatergic signaling during application of the convulsant drug 4-aminopyridine (4AP, 50 μm).Coronal and sagittal preparations generated interictal-like and ictal-like epileptiform discharges with similar duration and frequency. Ictal-like discharges in sagittal slices were initiated mostly in the PC anterior subregion, whereas interictal activity did not have any preferential site of origin. In sagittal slices, high frequency oscillations (HFOs) at 80-200 Hz were detected mainly at the beginning of the ictal discharge in both posterior and anterior subregions. N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism abolished ictal discharges, but failed to influence interictal activity. In the absence of ionotropic glutamatergic transmission, PC networks generated slow, GABA receptor-dependent events. Finally, GABA(A) receptor antagonism during application of 4AP only, abolished ictal discharges and disclosed recurrent interictal activity.Our findings demonstrate that PC networks can sustain in vitro epileptiform activity induced by 4AP. HFOs, which emerge at the onset of ictal activity, may be involved in PC ictogenesis. As reported in several cortical structures, ionotropic glutamatergic neurotransmission is necessary but not sufficient for ictal discharge generation, a process that also requires operative GABA(A) receptor-mediated signaling.

Published
2012

46. The multicenter Italian birth cohort study on incidence and determinants of lower respiratory tract infection hospitalization in infants at 33 weeks GA or more: preliminary results

Author

Lanari, M, Adorni, F, Silvestri, M, Coscia, A, Musicco, M, Carlucci, A, Zorzi, G, Di Fabio, S, Faccia, P, La Forgia, N, Loprieno, S, Del Vecchio, A, Corso, G, Orfeo, L, De Luca MG, Faldella, G, Spinelli, M, Bottau, P, Fanos, V, Puddu, M, Rinaldi, M, Barberi, Ignazio, Pagano, Giuseppina, Scarcella, A, Umbaldo, A, Corsello, G, Gabriele, B, Barboni, G, Molinari, L, Boldrini, A, Vuerich, M, Ngalikpima, Cj, Gargano, G, Braibanti, S, Romagnoli, C, Aurilia, C, Paolillo, P, Picone, S, De Curtis, M, Natale, F, Romeo, N, Piano, F, Nosari, N, Sarnelli, P, Parmigiani, S, Corona, Mf, Fabris, C, Gaudino, M, Manzoni, P, Bonomi, A, Ladetto, L, Memo, L, Nicolini, G, Macagno, F, Roadaro, E, Dall'Agnola, A, and Zardini, F.

Published
2011

48. Enteral nutrient supply for preterm infants: commentary from the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition

Author

Agostoni, C, Buonocore, G, Carnielli, VP, De Curtis, M, Darmaun, D, Decsi, T, Domellöf, M, Embleton, ND, Fusch, C, Genzel-Boroviczeny, O, Goulet, O, Kalhan, SC, Kolacek, Sanja, Koletzko, B, Lapillonne, A, Mihatsch, W, Moreno, L, Neu, J, Poindexter, B, Puntis, J, Putet, G, Rigo, J, Riskin, A, Salle, B, Sauer, P, Shamir, R, Szajewska, H, Thureen, P, Turck, D, van Goudoever, JB, Ziegler, EE, and for the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition

Subjects
preterm
Abstract

The number of surviving children born prematurely has increased substantially during the last 2 decades. The major goal of enteral nutrient supply to these infants is to achieve growth similar to foetal growth coupled with satisfactory functional development. The accumulation of knowledge since the previous guideline on nutrition of preterm infants from the Committee on Nutrition of the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition in 1987 has made a new guideline necessary. Thus, an ad hoc expert panel was convened by the Committee on Nutrition of the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition in 2007 to make appropriate recommendations. The present guideline, of which the major recommendations are summarised here (for the full report, see http://links.lww.com/A1480), is consistent with, but not identical to, recent guidelines from the Life Sciences Research Office of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences published in 2002 and recommendations from the handbook Nutrition of the Preterm Infant. Scientific Basis and Practical Guidelines, 2nd ed, edited by Tsang et al, and published in 2005. The preferred food for premature infants is fortified human milk from the infant's own mother, or, alternatively, formula designed for premature infants. This guideline aims to provide proposed advisable ranges for nutrient intakes for stable-growing preterm infants up to a weight of approximately 1800 g, because most data are available for these infants. These recommendations are based on a considered review of available scientific reports on the subject, and on expert consensus for which the available scientific data are considered inadequate.

Published
2010

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