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1. Ethnic and racial differences in children and young people with respiratory and neurological post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: an electronic health record-based cohort study from the RECOVER InitiativeResearch in context

Author

Suchitra Rao, Rodrigo Azuero-Dajud, Vitaly Lorman, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Kyung E. Rhee, Julie Ryu, C. Kim, Megan Carmilani, Rachel S. Gross, Sindhu Mohandas, Srinivasan Suresh, L. Charles Bailey, Victor Castro, Yalini Senathirajah, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Shawn Murphy, Steve Caddle, Lawrence C. Kleinman, Leah Castro-Baucom, Carlos R. Oliveira, Jonathan D. Klein, Alicia Chung, Lindsay G. Cowell, Charisse Madlock-Brown, Carol Reynolds Geary, Marion R. Sills, Lorna E. Thorpe, Jacqueline Szmuszkovicz, Kelan G. Tantisira, Ivan Diaz, Rachel Kenny, Parsa Mirhaji, Ravi Jhaveri, Marc Rosenman, Christopher Forrest, Beth Tarini, Hiroki Morizono, Nathan Pajor, W. Schuyler Jones, Kieler Curtis, Rishi Kamaleswaran, Nita Deshpande, Saul Blecker, Claudia Pulgarin, Marion Sills, Erin Hinkman, Dan Fort, Timothy Guthrie, Cynthia Chuang, Wenke Hwang, Dimitri Christakis, Daksha Ranade, Shannon Herring, Aaron Mishkin, Soledad Fernandez, Neena Thomas, Yuriy Bisyuk, Jyotsna Fuloria, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Boyd Knosp, Asa Oxner, Athanasios Tsalatsanis, Lindsay Cowell, Phillip Reeder, Stephen M. Downs, Brian Ostasiewski, Rainu Kaushal, Thomas Campion, Jessica Snowden, Katherine Irby, Paul Darden, Lexie Dixon, Danielle Evans, Connor Garbe, Laura Hobart-Porter, Lee Howard, Kathy Hummel, Hannah Krehbiel, Haley Spradlin, Phaedra Yount, Amy Elliott, Grace Adam, Jyoti Angal, Maria Barber, Katelynne Clark, Clayton Dos Reis, Mandy Freesemann, Christa Friedrich, Christine Hockett, Rachel Johannsen, Emily Johnson-Vonk, Cassidy Kaiser, Alexa Kruse, Jennifer Lang, Peter Lim, Meggie McCoy, Lorie Miller, Shelby Petereit (Cerkovnik), Jaime RiChard (Werpy), Jessica Seiler, Bret Sundleaf, Joshua Svendsen, Billy Trosper, Olivia Vermeulen, Scott Young, Aul Palumbo, Sean Dabney, Marie-Christine Fahrner, Torrey Gallagher, Karilyn Martini, Mary McNally, Sarah Vivensi Stiverson, Jessica Kosut, Venkataraman Balaraman, JoAnn Cheung, Travis K.F. Hong, Shanelle Kalua, Evan Minami, Andrea Siu, Micah Tong, Ronald J. Teufel, II, Andy Atz, Marina Dantas, Tyler Kasmarcak, Kreighton Milks, Judith Ross, Chijoke Ikomi, Marisa Meyer, Connie Nguyen, Gwen Pellicciotti, Thao-Ly Phan, Karen Ravin, Victoria Reynolds, Abigail Strang, Deepika Thacker, Dan Eckrich, Annabelle Goetter, Cheyenne Katz, Karen Kowal, Carol McDevitt, Emily Zimmerman, Genesis Agosto Roman, Akram Alshawabkeh, Ishwara Ayala Ortiz, Virginia Casey, Jose Cordero, Jocelyn De Jesus, Crystal Galan, Gredia Huerta-Montanez, Nilda Otero, Mayra Rivera Robles, Priscilla Roman, Genesis Roman, Zaira Rosario-Pabon, Xiodenis Santiago, Carmen Velez-Vega, Carlos Vergara, Daniel S. Hsia, Baylea Albarado, Tracey Allen, Allison Attuso, Taylor Ayers, Emily Bebler, Grace Bella, Alexa Bennett, John Brown, Alison Carville, Sydnie Darby, Kara Devall, Amber Dragg, Angela Elderedge, Elisabeth Fontenot, Greta Fry, Bethany Gildersleeve, Sara Goff, Lauren Harrington, Lisa Jones, Victoria Kaiser, Yejee Lee, Stephen Lee, Erin LeJeune, Robert Leonhard, Jennifer Levatino, Donald Lewis, Angrielle Lloyd, Ron Monce, Susannah Munro, Meghan Phillips, Blair Pucheu, Emily Rachal, Jennifer Rood, Stacey Roussel, Renee Rumsey, Connor Sanford, Monica Santos, Aryelle Stafford, Amy Thomassie, Celeste Waguespack, Katherine Walgamotte, Meredith Welch, Aubrey Windham, Michelle Stevenson, Tiffany Bell, Jackie Boyd, Soham Dasgupta, Sarah Deans, Katie Harris, Molly Hemmerle, Sarah King, Cameo McGuire, Brie Merten, Sarah Morris, Madison Ray, Brooklyn Reinhardt, Shellese Shemwell, Theresa Simeon, Katherine Walker, Sara Watson, Kathryn Weakley, Russell McCulloh, Johnathon Figliomeni, Laura Fischer, Denise Hoover, Megan Morse, Aleisha Nabower, Evan Roberts, Alice Sato, Joann Von Bon, Hengameh Raissy, David Archuleta, Rebecca Brito, Richard Campbell, Jude Chavez, Walter Dehority, Noella Garcia-Soberanez, Eve Gronert, Matthew Kadish, Jerry Larrabee, Debbie Lovato, Karen Luo, Noah Martinez, Analyse Merlino, Emily Reese, Sarah Ward, Kevin Wilson, Amanda Bogie, Ryan Brown, Ryan Butchee, Gina Fergeson, Ryan McKee, Brandon Mohler, Tiffany Moore, Valorie Owens, Sarah Stubbs, Timothy Van Wagoner, Kelly Cowan, Meghan Bethel, Laurie Chassereau, Thomas Lahiri, Lesley Cottrell, Lauren Lake, Kathy Moffett, Emily Polak, Sarah Stutler, Charlotte Workman, David Warburton, John C. Wood, Emma Carpenter, Isabelle Dhindsa, Samantha Mejia, Nelly Moghadam, Candice Mulder, Sharon O'Neil, Alisha Osornio, Adrian Rios, Sydney Rosen, Andrea Smith, Deeba Tabibi, Sharon Tang, Ariana Teame, Melissa Stockwell, Joshua Milner, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Brett Anderson, Tawanda Aquino, Elizabeth Berg, Marina Catallozzi, Wendy Chung, Tom Connors, Aliva De, Anny Diaz Perez, Michael DiLorenzo, Dani Dumitriu, Kanwal Farooqi, Michael Fremed, Sylvie Goldman, Kayla Kaplan, Usha Krishnan, Aimee Layton, Angela Lignelli-Dipple, Son McClaren, Jonathan Overdevest, Michelle Rodriguez, Jay Selman, Wendy Silver, Raul Silverio, Ana Valdez de Romero, Celibell Vargas, Alan Werzberger, Daniella Caputo, Camille Leggieri, Pamela Pretsch, Lawrence Kleinman, Sunanda Gaur, Lisa Cerracchio, Amber Folnagy, Maria Gennaro, Sherri Gzemski, Yue Hao, Simon Li, Sandee Moroso, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Akhil Patel, Benjamin Richlin, Harsh Sharma, Damaris Soto, Christian Suarez, Bibiana Vargas Forero, Lynn Olson, Kristin Davis, Alexander Fiks, Miranda Griffith, Donna Harris, Everly Macario, Jennifer Steffes, Alessandra Torres, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Dithi Banerjee, Chris Day, Kelsye Howell, Megan Mains, Juan C. Salazar, William T. Zempsky, Emily Bean, Carlie DeFelice, Hassan El Chebib, Katherine W. Herbst, Stephanie Lesmes, Ian C. Michelow, Melissa Santos, Noah Schulman, Wilson D. Pace, Alicia Brooks-Greien, Karinne Colin, Christina M. Hester, Ariadna Juarez-Colunga, Brian Manning, Joel Shields, Jack Westfall, Daphne York, Judy Aschner, Katharine Clouser, Justine Griswold, Donna Lee, Amanda Nowakowski, Maryellen Riordan, Hulya Bukulmez, David Kaelber, Rozina Aamir, Mohammed Abuzahrieh, Nandini Bangalore, Alexis Brown, Wendy Dalton, Suzanne Fortuna, Judi Minium, Bonnie Rosolowski, Sheila M. Nolan, Amal Ahmed, Suzanne Braniecki, Montserrat Contreras, Allen Dozor, Supriya Jain, Suzanne Kaseta, Sankaran Krishnan, Zachary Messer, Armando Ramirez, Aalok Singh, Randy Williams, Kyung Rhee, Kelan Tantisira, Almary Akerlundh, Natacha Akshoomoff, Maria Arroyo, Wendy Barrientos, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Bryant Y. Chao, Maricela Diaz, Sergio Garcia, Sonia Garcia, Guadalupe Gomez, Trinidad Herrera, Margarita Holguin, Manaswitha Khare, Elizabeth Kiernan, Jeremy Landeo Gutierrez, Ileana Matta, Sofia Reyes, Cinthia Sanchez, Andrea Schreck, Megan R. Warner, Uzma Hasan, Elizabeth Ricciardi, Vanessa Trespalacios, Vince Faustino, Matthew Kluko, Bryant Chao, Maria Glenn-Arroyo, Elizabeth A. Kiernan, Anika Madan, Lisa Ramos Vallejo, Cinthia E. Sanchez, Maira Suarez, Patricia Kinser, Amy Salisbury, Jocelyn Espinoza, Sara Moyer, Amy Rider, Sally Russell, Michael Schecter, Lindsey Stevenson, Cheryl R. Stein, Stephanie V. Caldas, Thomas Dylan Castro Ovalle, Anthony Chung, Jonathan S. Farkas, Maria Isidoro-Chino, Deniz Kesebir, Eugenia Kim, Ashley Quarless, Alan Schlechter, Ranjini Srinivasan, Viren D'Sa, Fatoumata Barry, Phoebe Burton, Rosa Cano Lorente, Caroline Cummins, Stephanie Wehbe, Sandra Brown, Anders Dale, Terry Jernigan, Susan Tapert, Jose Aguilar, David Benjamin, Natalie C. Buchbinder, Norma Castro, Brandy Emerson, Hugh Garavan, Jennifer Graves, Amanda Guerrero, Janosch Linkersdoerfer, Robert Schooley, Wes Thompson, Thanh Trinh, Ron Yang, Megan Herting, Elizabeth Sowell, Cynthia Cisneros, Lauren Goedde, Cedric Manlhiot, Raul Gonzalez, Angela Laird, Jorge Limia, Robin Aupperle, Martin Paulus, Melanie Curry, Nour S. El-Sabbagh, Kevin Gray, Lindsay Squeglia, Samuel Agbeh, Cori Herring, Brittany Mckenzie, Bonnie Nagel, Abby Espinoza, Anthony Hill, Angie Morales, Fiona Baker, Eva Muller-Oehring, Ian Colrain, Ingrid Durley, Mirella Dapretto, Lucina Uddin, Susan Bookheimer, Christina Caldera, Jennifer Dzul, Cinthia Zarate, Marie Banich, Paola Badilla, Jennifer Keith, G. Kumar, David Messinger, Katie Prazak, Sara Jo Nixon, Melanie Cardoso, Meagan Sullivan, Stephen Villard, Linda Chang, Thomas Ernst, Christine Cloak, Huajun Liang, Meghann C. Ryan, Mary Heitzerg, Jennifer Conley, Leonard Puttler, Monica Luciana, William Iacono, Aaron Schroeder, Duncan Clark, Doyeon (Dan) Kim, Megan Retucci, Edward Freedman, John Foxe, Sile Ni Mhurchu, Samantha Spallina, Erin McGlade, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd, Liz Bell, Kirsten Cline, Lauren Heinrich, Perry Renshaw, Alexandra Potter, Cass Barrett, Sofia Lozon, Samantha Spear, Christine Larson, Krista Lisdahl, Tory Clearwater, Christine Kaiver, Caitlin Nelson, Zach Paltzer, Bridgette Peteet, James Bjork, Mike Neale, Olive Calonge, Noah Slattery, Lisa Straub, Deanna Barch, Andrew Heath, Pamela Madden, Taylor Powell, Denise Schmitz, Dylan Gee, Boris Epie, Rebekah Hobbs, Alex Williams, Zhouran (Rick) Xiang, Julie Miller, Jane Newburger, Felicia Trachtenberg, Ayesha Amarnath, James Ambrosoli, Denise Artis, Sachin Bandari, Emily Birmingham, Lozan Eyob, Kerri Hayes, Chenwei Hu, Melissa Joyce, Valentina Kazlova, Iris Liu, Amanda Marshall, Devine Mbizdenyuy, P.J. Mu, Robin Rowe, Brooke Sayles, Mo Zhang, Pei-Ni Jone, Michael Carr, Lauren Goodell, Wantanabe Kar, Kathleen Van't Hof, Kristin Sexson, Elias Moussi, David Olukayode, Sandra Pena, Ricardo Pignatelli, Faridis Serrano, Sara Sexson Tejtel, Lara Shekerdemian, Audrey Dionne, Annette Baker, Sarah DeFerrantini, Thomas Giorgio, Numaira Khan, Simran Mahanta, MaryBeth Son, Matt Oster, Melissa Burnett, Kolby Sanders-Lewis, Sonia Chavez, Georgia Reis, Jackie Szmuszkovicz, Fariborz Behzadian, Carla Canas, Andrew Cheng, Mike Gawad, Paige Johnson, Alicia Kazarians, Anastasia Sarkissian, Brandi Scott, Consuelo Secules, Jennifer Su, Crystal Vargas, Jodie Votava-Smith, Sharon Wagner-Lees, Shuo Wang, Pierre Wong, Yamuna Sanil, Sanjeev Aggarwal, Aiman Almasnaah, Nirupama Kannikeswaran, Kathleen Meert, Gautam Singh, Priya Spencer, Nancy Sullivan, Sureja Sundaralingam, Vishnu Undyala, Emily Ward, Amanda Weber, Charmaine Williams Farr, Tamara Bradford, Marla Johnston, Matthew Elias, Alex Fiks, Chris Forrest, Dana Albizem, Susan Coffin, Therese Giglia, Katherine Lupton, Grace Marks, Tonia Morrison, Shawn O'Connor, Daniel Forsha, Jennifer Nelson, Rachel Sachdeva, Dara Watkins, Ashraf S. Harahsheh, Jordyn Britton, Alix Fetch, Anita Krishnan, Onais Tariq, Sean Lang, Marisa Almaguer, Jim Cnota, Lauryn Dugan, Elise Pickering, Kathleen Rathge, Elizabeth Mitchell, Christine Capone, Nilanjana Misra, Olga Shamailova, Mark Russell, Tammy Doman, Lori Harris, Keren Hasbani, Sagar Jani, Brian McCrindle, Jessica Bainton, Maryanne Chrisant, Doris Alaby, Norma Barton, Danielle Katz, Paulette Smith, Stephanie Handler, Joe Block, Regina Cole, Jennifer Maldonado, Kim McHugh, Andrew Atz, Megan Bickford, Jason Buckley, John Costello, Delany Dennis, Elizabeth Emrath-Zwick, Mary Freeman, Lanier Jackson, Madison Johnson, Elizabeth Mack, Scott Pletzer, Natasha Ruth, Carolyn Taylor, Sinai Zyblewski, Katrina Golub, Chanel Rojas, Korsin Rosalind, Chantal Sanchez, Shubhika Srivastava, Carol Prospero, Ed Williams, Varsha Zadokar, Arash Sabati, Kylie Domian, Ashley Herzberg, Sanjana Khanna, Todd Nowlen, Susan Park, Jade Porche, Samantha Stack, Dongngan Truong, Andrea Dunn, Lilly Fagatele, Emma Joyce, Linda Lambert, Kirsten Dummer, Sherrie Bandy, Jane Burns, Katheryn Crane, Sanjeet Hedge, Joan Pancheri, Adriana Tremoulet, Ronald Mark Payne, Mary Stumpf, Michael Portman, Hidemi Kajimoto, Camden Hebson, Krissie Hock, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Jemylle Morato, Divya Shakti, Matt Kadish, Kavita Sharma, William Anguiano, Catherine Ikemba, Alejandra Lozano, Maria Martinez, Wendy Rojas, Lerraughn Morgan, Isaura Macias, Carl Owada, Mayra Rangel, and Michelle Sykes

Subjects
PEDSnet, PCORnet, Long COVID, Chronic COVID-19 syndrome, Late sequelae of COVID-19, Long-haul COVID, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Children from racial and ethnic minority groups are at greater risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but it is unclear whether they have increased risk for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Our objectives were to assess whether the risk of respiratory and neurologic PASC differs by race/ethnicity and social drivers of health. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals

Published
2025
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2. Relationship Between Obesity and Global Longitudinal Strain in the Pediatric Single Ventricle Fontan Population Across Ventricular Morphologies

Author

Nitin Madan, Doaa Aly, Melanie Kathol, Amulya Buddhavarapu, Thomas Rieth, Ashley Sherman, and Daniel Forsha

Subjects
Fontan, global longitudinal strain, obesity, single ventricle, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background Obesity is associated with diminished myocardial function as measured by strain echocardiography in children and young adults with normal cardiac anatomy. Data are lacking about the effect of obesity on myocardial strain in patients with a single ventricle. In this study, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and single ventricle myocardial strain in the Fontan population was assessed. Methods and Results Thirty‐eight abnormal BMI Fontan cases (21 overweight and 17 obese) and 30 normal BMI Fontan controls matched based on single ventricular morphology, age, and sex were included in the study. Ventricular morphology was categorized as single right ventricle, single left ventricle, or biventricular. Single ventricle global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLS) and other echocardiographic measurements were performed and compared between groups, with a P≤0.05 defined as significant. The abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS (−15.7±3.6% versus −17.2±3.2%, [P=0.03]) and elevated systolic blood pressure (P=0.04) compared with the normal BMI group. On subgroup analysis of those with single right ventricle morphology, the abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS compared with controls. There was no significant difference in GLS between the abnormal BMI and control groups in the single left ventricle and biventricular subgroups. Analyzed by ventricular morphology, no other variables were statistically different in the abnormal BMI group including systolic blood pressure. Inter‐reader reproducibility for GLS and strain rate were excellent for both measures. Conclusions Obesity has an adverse relationship with myocardial strain in the young Fontan population, with the most maladaptive response seen in the single right ventricle.

Published
2024
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3. Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design

Author

Rachel S. Gross, Tanayott Thaweethai, Erika B. Rosenzweig, James Chan, Lori B. Chibnik, Mine S. Cicek, Amy J. Elliott, Valerie J. Flaherman, Andrea S. Foulkes, Margot Gage Witvliet, Richard Gallagher, Maria Laura Gennaro, Terry L. Jernigan, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Stuart D. Katz, Patricia A. Kinser, Lawrence C. Kleinman, Michelle F. Lamendola-Essel, Joshua D. Milner, Sindhu Mohandas, Praveen C. Mudumbi, Jane W. Newburger, Kyung E. Rhee, Amy L. Salisbury, Jessica N. Snowden, Cheryl R. Stein, Melissa S. Stockwell, Kelan G. Tantisira, Moriah E. Thomason, Dongngan T. Truong, David Warburton, John C. Wood, Shifa Ahmed, Almary Akerlundh, Akram N. Alshawabkeh, Brett R. Anderson, Judy L. Aschner, Andrew M. Atz, Robin L. Aupperle, Fiona C. Baker, Venkataraman Balaraman, Dithi Banerjee, Deanna M. Barch, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Sultana Bhuiyan, Marie-Abele C. Bind, Amanda L. Bogie, Tamara Bradford, Natalie C. Buchbinder, Elliott Bueler, Hülya Bükülmez, B. J. Casey, Linda Chang, Maryanne Chrisant, Duncan B. Clark, Rebecca G. Clifton, Katharine N. Clouser, Lesley Cottrell, Kelly Cowan, Viren D’Sa, Mirella Dapretto, Soham Dasgupta, Walter Dehority, Audrey Dionne, Kirsten B. Dummer, Matthew D. Elias, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Danielle N. Evans, E. Vincent S. Faustino, Alexander G. Fiks, Daniel Forsha, John J. Foxe, Naomi P. Friedman, Greta Fry, Sunanda Gaur, Dylan G. Gee, Kevin M. Gray, Stephanie Handler, Ashraf S. Harahsheh, Keren Hasbani, Andrew C. Heath, Camden Hebson, Mary M. Heitzeg, Christina M. Hester, Sophia Hill, Laura Hobart-Porter, Travis K. F. Hong, Carol R. Horowitz, Daniel S. Hsia, Matthew Huentelman, Kathy D. Hummel, Katherine Irby, Joanna Jacobus, Vanessa L. Jacoby, Pei-Ni Jone, David C. Kaelber, Tyler J. Kasmarcak, Matthew J. Kluko, Jessica S. Kosut, Angela R. Laird, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Sean M. Lang, Christine L. Larson, Peter Paul C. Lim, Krista M. Lisdahl, Brian W. McCrindle, Russell J. McCulloh, Kimberly McHugh, Alan L. Mendelsohn, Torri D. Metz, Julie Miller, Elizabeth C. Mitchell, Lerraughn M. Morgan, Eva M. Müller-Oehring, Erica R. Nahin, Michael C. Neale, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Sheila M. Nolan, Carlos R. Oliveira, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Matthew E. Oster, R. Mark Payne, Michael A. Portman, Hengameh Raissy, Isabelle G. Randall, Suchitra Rao, Harrison T. Reeder, Johana M. Rosas, Mark W. Russell, Arash A. Sabati, Yamuna Sanil, Alice I. Sato, Michael S. Schechter, Rangaraj Selvarangan, S. Kristen Sexson Tejtel, Divya Shakti, Kavita Sharma, Lindsay M. Squeglia, Shubika Srivastava, Michelle D. Stevenson, Jacqueline Szmuszkovicz, Maria M. Talavera-Barber, Ronald J. Teufel, Deepika Thacker, Felicia Trachtenberg, Mmekom M. Udosen, Megan R. Warner, Sara E. Watson, Alan Werzberger, Jordan C. Weyer, Marion J. Wood, H. Shonna Yin, William T. Zempsky, Emily Zimmerman, and Benard P. Dreyer

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Published
2024

4. Right ventricular mechanics using a novel comprehensive three-view echocardiographic strain analysis in a normal population

Author

Zainab Samad, P Andrea Kropf, Peter Søgaard, Daniel Forsha, Piers Barker, Ronald J. Kanter, Joseph Kisslo, Niels Risum, P. Brian Smith, and Sudarshan Rajagopal

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Coefficient of variation, Heart Ventricles, Population, Cardiac resynchronization therapy, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Sensitivity and Specificity, Article, QRS complex, Young Adult, Reference Values, Internal medicine, Elastic Modulus, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, education, Reproducibility, education.field_of_study, Strain (chemistry), business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Image Enhancement, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ventricle, Cardiology, Ventricular Function, Right, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Feasibility Studies, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Algorithms
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although quantitative right ventricular (RV) strain analysis may be useful in congenital and acquired heart disease populations with RV failure, a comprehensive, standardized approach is lacking. An 18-segment RV strain analysis obtained from three standardized RV apical echocardiographic images was used to determine the feasibility, normal values, and reproducibility of the method in normal adults.METHODS: Forty healthy, prospectively enrolled volunteers with no cardiac histories and normal QRS durations underwent echocardiography optimized for strain analysis including three RV apical views. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking longitudinal strain analysis was performed using EchoPAC software. Eleven retrospectively identified subjects with RV disease were included as a pilot population. All had been imaged using the same protocol including the three RV apical views.RESULTS: All control subjects had normal anatomic morphology and function by echocardiography. Feasibility of the RV strain analysis was good (adequate tracking in 696 of 720 segments [97%]). RV global peak systolic strain was -23 ± 2%. Peak strain was highest in the RV free wall and lowest in the septum. Dyssynchrony indices demonstrated no dyssynchrony using left ventricular criteria. Reproducibility of most strain measures was acceptable. This methodology identified important disease not seen in the four-chamber apical view alone in the pilot population of 11 patients with RV disease. Strain patterns and values were different from those in the control population, indicating that differences do exist from normal.CONCLUSIONS: Eighteen-segment RV strain analysis is feasible, with strain measures falling into discrete ranges in this normal population. Those with RV disease illustrate the potential utility of this approach. These data indicate that this model can be used for more detailed studies evaluating abnormal RV populations, in which its full potential can be assessed.

Published
2014
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