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Author(s): Jingu Kim [sup.1] , Daeun Park [sup.2] , Yun-Jeong Shin [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/01rf04680, grid.444042.2, 0000 0004 0533 1626, Department of Education, Busan National University of Education, , [...], Developmentally, adolescence is the period when children make tentative career choice by practicing new patterns of thinking and planning idea. They do so by exploring various career-related learning opportunities within the proximal social context, such as peers. Within the career development theories, however, the influence of peers on the development of self-efficacy in adolescents' career decision-making process had been understudied. Thus, this study aims to explore the co-evolution of friendship network and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE) in 440 South Korean adolescents (M.sub.age =16.03 years, SD = 1.36, 93% boys) by using longitudinal data, 15 weeks of measurement interval. Specifically, we investigated whether friends become similar in their CDMSE or whether those who have similar levels of CDMSE become friends. Adopting stochastic actor-based social network analyses, we examined the selection and influence process in relation to teens' friendship networks and CDMSE. We found that friends become similar in their CDMSE level over time, suggesting that friendship affects the development of CDMSE. However, the similarity in CDMSE levels do not predict friendship selections among adolescents. This study highlights the importance of peers for career development and intervention. The implications for practice and intervention are discussed.

Author(s): Phoebe E. Bailey [sup.1] , Tarren Leon [sup.1] , Natalie C. Ebner [sup.2] , Ahmed A. Moustafa [sup.3] , Gabrielle Weidemann [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/03f0f6041, grid.117476.2, 0000 0004 [...], The degree to which people take advice, and the factors that influence advice-taking, are of broad interest to laypersons, professionals, and policy-makers. This meta-analysis on 346 effect sizes from 129 independent datasets (N = 17, 296) assessed the weight of advice in the judge-advisor system paradigm, as well as the influence of sample and task characteristics. Information about the advisor(s) that is suggestive of advice quality was the only unique predictor of the overall pooled weight of advice. Individuals adjusted estimates by 32%, 37%, and 48% in response to advisors described in ways that suggest low, neutral, or high quality advice, respectively. This indicates that the benefits of compromise and averaging may be lost if accurate advice is perceived to be low quality, or too much weight is given to inaccurate advice that is perceived to be high quality. When examining the three levels of perceived quality separately, advice-taking was greater for subjective and uncertain estimates, relative to objective estimates, when information about the advisor was neutral in terms of advice quality. Sample characteristics had no effect on advice-taking, thus providing no evidence that age, gender, or individualism influence the weight of advice. The findings contribute to current theoretical debates and provide direction for future research.

Author(s): Hua Wang [sup.1] [sup.2] , Runkai Jiao [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.464358.8, 0000 0004 6479 2641, School of Education, Lanzhou City University, , 11 Jiefang Road, Shizhuan Campus, Anning [...], Career management competency is regarded as key competency which can help college students improve their employability and achieve future career success. However, there are few literatures on the influencing factors of career management competency. This study aimed to examine the potential mediating role of career decision-making self-efficacy between career social support and career management competency. Using a cross-sectional design, 577 Chinese college students (mean age = 19.68, 61.35% female) completed the Questionnaire of Career Management Competency, Career Social Support, and Career Decision-making Self Efficacy. The results showed significant positive correlations among career social support, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career management competency. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that career social support and career decision-making self-efficacy were two positive predictors of career management competency. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that career decision-making self-efficacy played a completely mediating role in the influence of career social support on career management competency. These results offered practical implications that provide more career social support and improve career decision-making self-efficacy for promoting college students' career management competency.

Author(s): Hui Xu [sup.1] , Jeong-Eun Suh [sup.1] , Huabing Liu [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.164971.c, 0000 0001 1089 6558, Counseling Psychology, School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, , [...], Although research has made progress in searching for an integrative factor structure of career indecision in Western cultural contexts, such an integrative structure of career indecision remains understudied in East Asia. To search for a culturally appropriate integrative factor model of career indecision in China and South Korea, the current study used a data-driven approach to summarize correlational data of indecision-related constructs in China and South Korea. Based on 16 and 21 correlational matrices in China and South Korea, respectively, results suggested that a five-factor structure (i.e., neuroticism/negative affectivity, need for information, choice/commitment anxiety, lack of readiness, and interpersonal conflicts) can adequately and parsimoniously capture major indecision factors in these two countries. By offering a universal framework of career indecision in China and South Korea, the integrative model shows potential to accelerate knowledge accumulation regarding career indecision in this cultural context. Notably, this study suggests that need for information and choice/commitment function as separate factors in China and South Korea, while neuroticism/negative affectivity, lack of readiness, and interpersonal conflicts are culturally universal across Eastern and Western cultural contexts. Thus, this study has potential to enable cross-cultural comparison and accumulation of indecision research in these two cultural contexts.

Author(s): Getachew A. Disassa [sup.1] , Sentayehu O. Bekele [sup.2] , Bonsa S. Tefera [sup.1] , Dinaol U. Gita [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411903.e, 0000 0001 2034 9160, Jimma University, [...], The purpose of this study was to explore the contribution of multiple intelligence on marital decision-making among students of Jimma College of Teachers Education. Correlational design with quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed in achieving the research objectives. Accordingly, questionnaires and semi-structured interview guides were used to collect data. The sample of the study was 230 Jimma College of Teachers Education students. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, multiple linear regressions, and thematic analysis. The result showed that emotional and spiritual intelligence significantly accounted for marital decision-making at (b = .398, t (4.963), p = .000; b = .865, t (11.359), p = .000 respectively at (R.sup.2 = .628). The mean of college students on marital decision-making was found to be 55.6267 with a standard deviation of 8.9692. Qualitative data result indicated that college students made a relationship for temporary sexual life to support one another for economic interdependence and support on academic tasks than for permanent future marital life. In conclusion, emotional and spiritual intelligence were accounted for marital decision-making. Marriage and family counseling courses need to be launched by Oromia Education Bureau to minimize variation among college students on marital decision-making.

A TIME OF REGRET A plague of anxiety afflicts the young today, as one mental health survey after another reveals. But how do we identify the markers of this growing [...]

Author(s): Dawei Wang [sup.1] , Mengmeng Zhou [sup.1] , Liping Zhu [sup.1] , Yixin Hu [sup.1] , Yuxi Shang [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.410585.d, 0000 0001 0495 1805, School of [...], Based on construal level theory and regret theory, this study examines scenarios involving the selection of job offers to explore the influence of social reference points on self-other risk decision-making. Experiment 1 verified the role of social reference points playing in risk decision-making. Experiment 2 further verified the influence of social reference points on self-other risky decision-making. The results from two experiments showed that (1) In making decisions for themselves in the context of upward social reference point and downward social reference points, participants showed more risky behavior than in the presence of non-social reference points and (2) Upward and downward social reference points had an important impact on self-other risk decision-making. When under the influence of upward social reference points, participants were more risk averse when advising to strangers than when making decisions for themselves. Simultaneously, the act of making decisions for themselves more closely reflected the act of giving advice to close friends than the act of giving advice to strangers.

The Cold War era, from the 1950s through the 1980s, saw a global ideological divide between the capitalist democracies of the Western bloc countries and the centrally planned dictatorships in [...]

Author(s): Kate Anne Woodcock [sup.1] [sup.3] [sup.4] , Catherine Cheung [sup.2] , Daniel González Marx [sup.3] [sup.5] , Will Mandy [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.6572.6, 0000 0004 1936 7486, Centre [...], Social decision making is often challenging for autistic individuals. Twenty autistic adolescents made decisions in the socially interactive context of a one-shot ultimatum game, and performance was compared to a large matched typical reference sample. Theory of mind, executive functioning and emotion regulation were measured via direct assessments, self- and parent report. Relative to the reference sample, autistic adolescents proposed fewer fair offers, and this was associated with poorer theory of mind. Autistic adolescents responded similarly to the reference sample when making decisions about offers proposed to them, however they did not appear to down regulate their negative emotion in response to unfair treatment in the same way. Atypical processes may underpin even apparently typical decisions made by autistic adolescents.

There are many people you can consult when making investment decisions, including investment advisers, research firms, investment clubs, and good friends. But there is one person that you should consult [...]

Abstract. We evaluate the effect of discussion on the accuracy of collaborative judgments. In contrast to prior research, we show that discussion can either aid or impede accuracy relative to [...]

Previous research has documented a behavioral distinction between 'social risk,' or risk caused by human factors, and natural risk. In particular, people tend to demand a premium on the probability of a favorable outcome in order to expose themselves to a social source of risk rather than a natural source of risk. Several explanations for what drives this social risk premium have been offered--most prominently, (i) an aversion to a counterparty's potentially malign intentions and (ii) a more general aversion to ceding control to someone with conflicting interests. We propose that a fundamental determinant of the social risk premium may relate to a counterparty's capacity to engage in intentional action. We employ a between-subjects experimental design in which we manipulate subjects' capacity for intentional action. Our design allows us to identify the component of the social risk premium related to an aversion to betrayal, independent of any aversion to ceding control. Furthermore, our results show that intentions are a crucial determinant of the social risk premium. We identify factors that eliminate, and may even change the sign of, the social risk premium. Our results contribute to our understanding of the factors that influence the perception of social risk and have implications for optimal contract design in a wide variety of situations involving social risk. History: Accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics. Funding: J. B. Miller gratefully acknowledges support from a 2011 grant awarded by the Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance (EIEF). Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2694. Keywords: social risk * social perception * intention * betrayal aversion * trust * control, 1. Introduction The canonical framework for describing decision making under risk is that of a lottery--that is, a probability distribution over consequences. However, a growing body of research argues that [...]

We demonstrate that a sampling-based mechanism can offer an alternative explanation for belief synchronization in social groups and the persistence of collective illusions. Our model assumes that people are more likely to sample popular alternatives than unpopular alternatives. We show that this mechanism is sufficient to explain belief synchronization: a strong majority of opinions will likely emerge in favor of one alternative. The reason is that the group is unlikely to move away from a state in which one alternative is very unpopular. If by chance most people come to dislike alternative A, they are all unlikely to sample it again and their opinions of A remain the same. When A is in fact the best alternative, a collective illusion has emerged because people mistakenly believe that a suboptimal alternative is the best. Our model implies that such a collective illusion is persistent. The model thus offers an existence proof that a collective illusion can occur even in settings where people do not infer that popular alternatives are better. The model also casts new light on the effect of online recommendation systems on attitude homogenization and the effect of majority voting on beliefs and attitudes. History: Accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making. Funding: G. Le Mens benefited from financial support from the Barcelona School of Management, a Juan de la Cierva Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [Grants EC02010-17145 and PSI2013-41909-P], Keywords: status quo * change * learning * social influence * popularity * sampling, 1. Introduction Explaining why collective mistakes emerge and persist is central to understanding social change, immobility, and differences in welfare (Bowles 2004, Elster 1978, North 1990). In developing countries, people [...]