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Abstract: Submerged cultured higher basidiomycetes were screened for milk-clotting activity. The native liquid of Coprinus lagopides demonstrated high milk-clotting activity, while having relatively low general proteolytic activity. Optimization of growth media composition and ultrafiltration of the native liquid allows increasing the ratio of milk-clotting and proteolytic activities. The Enzyme was purified and characterized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Methods: Time courses of the serum concentrations of two brain-specific proteins (BSP), α1 brain globulin (α1BG, an astroglial marker) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), were studied in patients with severe tick-born encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme disease (LD; neuroborreliosis). The concentrations were determined on the second day of the acute phase and then on the 7th, 12th, 18th, and 23rd days. Apparent rate constants for the elimination of the BSP from blood (ke) were calculated with the non-linear regression. Results: In patients with TBE, the highest serum concentrations of α1BG and NSE, observed on the second day, were followed by their monotonic decrease to the normal levels reached by the 23rd day. The mean ke values for α1BG and NSE were found to be significantly different (0.086±0.003 vs. 0.057±0.006 day−1, respectively; p<0.05). Higher serum levels of both BSP were observed in the more severe clinical cases and in the cases with unfavorable outcomes. Similar profiles were also observed for the serum α1BG and NSE in LD. Conclusions: These results suggest that, in the patients examined, the blood–brain barrier was partially impaired; the quantitative parameters of the serum BSP time courses can be indicative of the extents of the neuronal and/or glial lesions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]