447 results on '"Esser, Stefan"'
Search Results
2. High cure rates of Mycoplasma genitalium following empiric treatment with azithromycin alongside frequent detection of macrolide resistance in Austria
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Chromy, David, Starossek, Lisa, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Adamek, Sarah, Maischack, Felix, Sammet, Stefanie, Sadoghi, Birgit, Stary, Georg, Willinger, Birgit, Weninger, Wolfgang, Esser, Stefan, Makristathis, Athanasios, and Bauer, Wolfgang Michael
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- 2024
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3. First thin-disk oscillator with ceramic Yb:LuScO3 in comparison to the operation with ceramic Yb:Lu2O3
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Esser, Stefan, Jing, Wei, Xu, Xiaodong, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
4. A Skin Cancer Prevention Facial-Aging Mobile App for Secondary Schools in Brazil: Appearance-Focused Interventional Study
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Brinker, Titus Josef, Heckl, Marlene, Gatzka, Martina, Heppt, Markus V, Resende Rodrigues, Henrique, Schneider, Sven, Sondermann, Wiebke, de Almeida e Silva, Carolina, Kirchberger, Michael C, Klode, Joachim, Enk, Alexander H, Knispel, Sarah, von Kalle, Christof, Stoffels, Ingo, Schadendorf, Dirk, Nakamura, Yasuhiro, Esser, Stefan, Assis, Aisllan, and Bernardes-Souza, Breno
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Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than any other major cancer both in Brazil and worldwide. Southeast Brazil has especially high incidences of melanoma, and early detection is low. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary risk factor for developing melanoma. Increasing attractiveness is a major motivation among adolescents for tanning. A medical student-delivered intervention that takes advantage of the broad availability of mobile phones and adolescents’ interest in their appearance indicated effectiveness in a recent study from Germany. However, the effect in a high-UV index country with a high melanoma prevalence and the capability of medical students to implement such an intervention remain unknown. ObjectiveIn this pilot study, our objective was to investigate the preliminary success and implementability of a photoaging intervention to prevent skin cancer in Brazilian adolescents. MethodsWe implemented a free photoaging mobile phone app (Sunface) in 15 secondary school classes in southeast Brazil. Medical students “mirrored” the pupils’ altered 3-dimensional (3D) selfies reacting to touch on tablets via a projector in front of their whole grade accompanied by a brief discussion of means of UV protection. An anonymous questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data and risk factors for melanoma measured the perceptions of the intervention on 5-point Likert scales among 356 pupils of both sexes (13-19 years old; median age 16 years) in grades 8 to 12 of 2 secondary schools in Brazil. ResultsWe measured more than 90% agreement in both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure and only 5.6% disagreement: 322 (90.5%) agreed or strongly agreed that their 3D selfie motivated them to avoid using a tanning bed, and 321 (90.2%) that it motivated them to improve their sun protection; 20 pupils (5.6%) disagreed with both items. The perceived effect on motivation was higher in female pupils in both tanning bed avoidance (n=198, 92.6% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and increased use of sun protection (n=197, 92.1% agreement in females vs n=123, 87.2% agreement in males) and independent of age or skin type. All medical students involved filled in a process evaluation revealing that they all perceived the intervention as effective and unproblematic, and that all pupils tried the app in their presence. ConclusionsThe photoaging intervention was effective in changing behavioral predictors for UV protection in Brazilian adolescents. The predictors measured indicated an even higher prospective effectiveness in southeast Brazil than in Germany (>90% agreement in Brazil vs >60% agreement in Germany to both items that measured motivation to reduce UV exposure) in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. Medical students are capable of complete implementation. A randomized controlled trial measuring prospective effects in Brazil is planned as a result of this study.
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- 2018
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5. Dynamics and durability of HIV-1 neutralization are determined by viral replication
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Schommers, Philipp, Kim, Dae Sung, Schlotz, Maike, Kreer, Christoph, Eggeling, Ralf, Hake, Anna, Stecher, Melanie, Park, Juyeon, Radford, Caelan E., Dingens, Adam S., Ercanoglu, Meryem S., Gruell, Henning, Odidika, Stanley, Dahlhaus, Marten, Gieselmann, Lutz, Ahmadov, Elvin, Lawong, Rene Y., Heger, Eva, Knops, Elena, Wyen, Christoph, Kümmerle, Tim, Römer, Katja, Scholten, Stefan, Wolf, Timo, Stephan, Christoph, Suárez, Isabelle, Raju, Nagarajan, Adhikari, Anurag, Esser, Stefan, Streeck, Hendrik, Duerr, Ralf, Nanfack, Aubin J., Zolla-Pazner, Susan, Geldmacher, Christof, Geisenberger, Otto, Kroidl, Arne, William, Wiston, Maganga, Lucas, Ntinginya, Nyanda Elias, Georgiev, Ivelin S., Vehreschild, Jörg J., Hoelscher, Michael, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Lavinder, Jason J., Bloom, Jesse D., Seaman, Michael S., Lehmann, Clara, Pfeifer, Nico, Georgiou, George, and Klein, Florian
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- 2023
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6. Optimization of HIV testing services in Germany using HIV indicator diseases: study protocol of the HeLP study
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Valbert, Frederik, Koppe, Uwe, Schmidt, Daniel, Krings, Amrei, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara, Dröge, Patrik, Ruhnke, Thomas, Behrens, Georg, Bickel, Markus, Boesecke, Christoph, Esser, Stefan, Wasem, Jürgen, and Neumann, Anja
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- 2023
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7. Gonorrhoe bei Erwachsenen und Adoleszenten
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Bremer, Viviane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Buder, Susanne, Eigentler, Angelika, Esser, Stefan, Hagedorn, Hans-Jochen, Hartmann, Martin, Hörauf, Achim, Kern, Winfried, Kohl, Peter K., Köhler, Elisabeth, Köhn, Frank-Michael, Kresken, Michael, Mayr, Christoph, Meyer, Thomas, Möst, Johannes, Mylonas, Ioannis, Nitschke, Heidrun, Petry, Karl-Ulrich, Plettenberg, Andreas, Potthoff, Anja, Rieg, Siegbert, Spornraft-Ragaller, Petra, Rasokat, Heinrich, Schöfer, Helmut, Schneede, Peter, Throm, Waltraud, Walter, Gisela, Weidner, Wolfgang, and Wichelhaus, Thomas A.
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
According to WHO estimates, Neisseria gonorrhoeae accounted for illion infections in 2008, a number of cases approximately matching those of Chlamydia infections. Gonococcal infections thus represent one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, second only to trichomonas vaginalis infections.This guideline aims to improve patient care by optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of infections due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and to raise awareness among medical professionals of current treatment options.
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- 2014
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8. Prevalence of HIV in people with potential HIV-indicator conditions in Germany: an analysis of data from statutory health insurances
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Valbert, Frederik, Behrens, Georg M.N., Bickel, Markus, Boesecke, Christoph, Esser, Stefan, Dröge, Patrik, Ruhnke, Thomas, Krings, Amrei, Schmidt, Daniel, Koppe, Uwe, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara, Wienholt, Lea, Wasem, Jürgen, and Neumann, Anja
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- 2024
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9. Changes in body mass index, weight, and waist-to-hip ratio over five years in HIV-positive individuals in the HIV Heart Aging Study compared to the general population
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Mavarani, Laven, Albayrak-Rena, Sarah, Potthoff, Anja, Hower, Martin, Dolff, Sebastian, Sammet, Stefanie, Maischack, Felix, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schmidt, Börge, and Esser, Stefan
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- 2023
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10. Establishment of a non-Westernized gut microbiota in men who have sex with men is associated with sexual practices
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Huang, Kun D., Amend, Lena, Gálvez, Eric J.C., Lesker, Till-Robin, de Oliveira, Romulo, Bielecka, Agata, Blanco-Míguez, Aitor, Valles-Colomer, Mireia, Ruf, Isabel, Pasolli, Edoardo, Buer, Jan, Segata, Nicola, Esser, Stefan, Strowig, Till, and Kehrmann, Jan
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- 2024
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11. Single-crystal and ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 gain media for thin-disk oscillators
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Esser, Stefan, Xu, Xiaodong, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Jian, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
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- 2023
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12. Generation of a radially polarized beam in a polycrystalline ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 thin-disk laser
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Didychenko, Denys, Esser, Stefan, Beirow, Frieder, Savchenko, Anton, Pruss, Christof, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
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- 2023
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13. Safety and efficacy of doravirine as first-line therapy in adults with HIV-1: week 192 results from the open-label extensions of the DRIVE-FORWARD and DRIVE-AHEAD phase 3 trials
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Martins, Marcelo D, Cahn, Pedro E, Lopardo, Gustavo D, Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard J, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Schmied, Brigitte, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L, Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H R, Perez Cortes, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos Barker, Maria Isabel E, Chahin Anania, Carolina Eugenia, Reyes, Marcelo J. Wolff, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Slama, Laurence, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K, Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes Richard, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Wiese, Carmen, Gori, Andrea, Migliorino, Guglielmo Marco, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona M, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim V, Zakharova, Natalia, Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatiana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, Botes, Margaretha Elizabeth, de Jager, Marleen, Segorb, Joaquin Portilla, Gatell Artigas, Josep Maria, Mallolas Masferrer, Josep, Guillen, Santiago Moreno, Perez Elias, Maria Jesus, Arribas Lopez, Jose R, Puigmal, Eugenia Negredo, Podzamczer Palter, Daniel, Ortega, Frederico Pulido, Garcia, Jesus Troya, de los Santos Gil, Ignacio, Berenguer, Juan, Nelson, Mark Richard, Williams, Ian G, Johnson, Margaret A, Khoo, Saye, Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Lwanga, Julianne, Taylor, Steven John, Dockrell, David Harold, Kegg, Stephen, Hagins, Debbie P, Osiyemi, Olayemi O, Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N, Scarsella, Anthony J, Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Bettacchi, Christopher J, Sims III, James, Clay, Patrick G, Bellos, Nicholaos C, Thompson, Melanie A, Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K, Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Terrelonge, Antonio E, Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T, Robbins, William J, Elion, Richard A, Goldstein, Deborah, Slim, Jihad, Lalezari, Jacob Paul, Pushkin, Richard, Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N, Win, Sanda S, Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony Martin, Cade, Jerry L, Campo, Rafael, Dietz, Craig A, Hoffman-Terry, Margaret, Blick, Gary, Rubin, David Scott, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P, Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N, Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O, Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L, Vandekerckhove, Linos, Florence, Eric, De Wit, Stephane, Derdelinckx, Inge, Vandercam, Bernard, Belkhir, Leila, De Wet, Joseph, Lebouche, Bertrand, Trottier, Benoit, Longpre, Daniele, Szabo, Jason, LeBlanc, Roger P, Jensen, Werner, Gonzalez, Alvaro Rojas, Beltran, Carlos, Sussmann, Otto Alberto, Velez, Juan Diego, Onate, Jose Millan, Nielsen, Henrik, Degen, Olaf, Stephan, Christoph, Arathoon, Eduardo, Lopez, Rudy Manuel, Rojas Alvarado, Evelyn Michelle, Gonzalez Patzan, Luis Demetrio, Meija, Carlos R, Pinzon, Rodolfo, Parchment, Charles, Sthoeger, Zev, Chowers, Michal, Riesenberg, Klaris, Shahar, Eduardo, Levy, Itzchak, Quintero Perez, Nora Patricia, Andrade-Villanueva, Jaime Federico, Crabtree Ramirez, Brenda Eloisa, Rijnders, Bart, den Hollander, Jan G, Handy, Rupert, Morales, Nilo Bonifacio, Hidalgo, Jose Alfredo, Infante, Rosa Mercedes, Matos Prado, Eduardo Demetrio, Campos, Pablo E, Ticona Chaves, Eduardo Romulo, Pinedo, Yvett, Pacheco, Patricia, Maltez, Fernando Manuel, Cunha, Jose, Neves, Isabel, Serrao, Rosario, Melendez-Rivera, Ivan, Mendoza-Rodriguez, Rafael O, Maldonado-Rivera, Sandra, Ortiz-Lasanta, Grisell, Kizhlo, Svetlana, Freud, Hernando Knobel, Moreno, Jose Sanz, Mendez, Francisco Vera, Mohapi, Lerato, Mitha, Essack Aziz, Mahomed, Akbar Anvar, Fouche, Leon Frederik, Kaplan, Richard, Siddique, Naeem, Hoosen, Farzana, Rassool, Mohammed Siddique, Baraldi, Ezio, Calmy, Alexandra, Cavassini, Matthias, Fehr, Jan, Tsai, Hung-Chin, Lin, Hsi-Hsun, Huang, Chun-Kai, Ko, Wen-Chien, Lin, Yu-Hui, Chen, Su-Jung, Hung, Chien-Ching, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Ratanasuwan, Winai, Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai, Chetchotisakd, Ploenchan, Changpradub, Dhitiwat, Orkin, Chloe, Fox, Ashini, Winston, Alan, Ustianowski, Andrew, Yangco, Bienvenido G, Asmuth, David Michael, Vigil, Karen J, Berger, Daniel S, Bhatti, Laveeza, Campbell, Thomas, Casey, Kathleen K, Liu, Edward, Crofoot, Gordon E, Cunningham, Douglas, Feinberg, Judith, Fichtenbaum, Carl, Balamban Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Jefferson, Thomas T, Johnson, Marc Alexander, Lewis, Stanley T, Luque, Amneris E, Novak, Richard M, Sloan, Louis, Sweet, Donna E, Towner, William J, Zane, Ryan, Riedel, David J, Loftus, Richard Anton, Shon, Alyssa So Young, Mogyoros, Miguel, Tebas, Pablo, Scott, Mia Louise, Parenti, David M, Inciarte Portillo, Alexy, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johannes, Kumar, Sushma, Campbell, Havilland, Wan, Hong, Teal, Valerie, Jin Xu, Zhi, Asante-Appiah, Ernest, Sklar, Peter, Teppler, Hedy, and Lahoulou, Rima
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- 2024
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14. Immunogenicity of the Monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV (PLWH).
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Cherneha, Maxim, Zydek, Isabel, Braß, Peer, Korth, Johannes, Jansen, Sarah, Esser, Stefan, Karsten, Christina B., Meyer, Folker, Kraiselburd, Ivana, Dittmer, Ulf, Lindemann, Monika, Horn, Peter A., Witzke, Oliver, Thümmler, Laura, and Krawczyk, Adalbert
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While SARS-CoV-2 has transitioned to an endemic phase, infections caused by newly emerged variants continue to result in severe, and sometimes fatal, outcomes or lead to long-term COVID-19 symptoms. Vulnerable populations, such as PLWH, face an elevated risk of severe illness. Emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, including numerous Omicron subvariants, are increasingly associated with breakthrough infections. Adapting mRNA vaccines to these new variants may offer improved protection against Omicron for vulnerable individuals. In this study, we examined humoral and cellular immune responses before and after administering adapted booster vaccinations to PLWH, alongside a control group of healthy individuals. Four weeks following booster vaccination, both groups exhibited a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses. Notably, there was no significant difference in humoral immune response between PLWH and the healthy controls. Immune responses declined rapidly in both groups three months post vaccination. However, PLWH still showed significantly increased neutralizing antibody titers even after three months. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the adapted vaccination regimen. The results suggest that regular booster immunizations may be necessary to sustain protective immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. First thin-disk oscillator with ceramic Yb:LuScO3 in comparison to the operation with ceramic Yb:Lu2O3.
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Esser, Stefan, Jing, Wei, Xu, Xiaodong, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
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YTTERBIUM , *CERAMICS , *FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy , *SURFACE temperature - Abstract
We report on the characterization and first laser operation of ceramic Yb:LuScO3 in a thin-disk oscillator. The optical performance achieved with a ceramic Yb:LuScO3 disk is compared to the one obtained with an existing ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 disk for reference. The characterization covers the measurement of the fluorescence spectra, the fluorescence lifetimes, and nomarsky imaging. The investigation on the laser operation covers the measurement of resonator losses, output powers, and thermal behavior during continuous-wave operation in a multimode thin-disk oscillator. An average output power of 149 W and a slope efficiency of 51.8% were achieved with the ceramic Yb:LuScO3 disk which reached a maximum surface temperature of about 150 °C. At the same temperature level, a disk made of the already established ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 delivered 957 W of output power with a slope efficiency of 75.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. First thin-disk oscillator with ceramic Yb:LuScO3 in comparison to the operation with ceramic Yb:Lu2O3.
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Esser, Stefan, Jing, Wei, Xu, Xiaodong, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
- Subjects
YTTERBIUM ,CERAMICS ,FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy ,SURFACE temperature - Abstract
We report on the characterization and first laser operation of ceramic Yb:LuScO
3 in a thin-disk oscillator. The optical performance achieved with a ceramic Yb:LuScO3 disk is compared to the one obtained with an existing ceramic Yb:Lu2 O3 disk for reference. The characterization covers the measurement of the fluorescence spectra, the fluorescence lifetimes, and nomarsky imaging. The investigation on the laser operation covers the measurement of resonator losses, output powers, and thermal behavior during continuous-wave operation in a multimode thin-disk oscillator. An average output power of 149 W and a slope efficiency of 51.8% were achieved with the ceramic Yb:LuScO3 disk which reached a maximum surface temperature of about 150 °C. At the same temperature level, a disk made of the already established ceramic Yb:Lu2 O3 delivered 957 W of output power with a slope efficiency of 75.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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17. Multi-Dimensional Event Data in Graph Databases
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Esser, Stefan and Fahland, Dirk
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- 2021
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18. Twelve‐month effectiveness and safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in people with HIV: Real‐world insights from BICSTaR cohorts.
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Esser, Stefan, Brunetta, Jason, Inciarte, Alexy, Levy, Itzchak, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Lambert, John S., van Welzen, Berend, Teruya, Katsuji, Boffito, Marta, Liu, Chun‐Eng, Altuntas Aydın, Ozlem, Thorpe, David, Heinzkill, Marion, Marongiu, Andrea, Cassidy, Tali, Haubrich, Richard, D'Amato, Lisa, and Robineau, Olivier
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HIV integrase inhibitors , *COMBINATION drug therapy , *PATIENT safety , *RESEARCH funding , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *HIV infections , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons , *EMTRICITABINE-tenofovir , *LONGITUDINAL method , *DRUG efficacy , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *DRUG tolerance , *EVALUATION - Abstract
Background: Real‐world evidence is an essential component of evidence‐based medicine. The aim of the BICSTaR (BICtegravir Single Tablet Regimen) study is to assess effectiveness and safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in antiretroviral treatment‐naïve (TN) and treatment‐experienced (TE) people with HIV. Methods: BICSTaR is a prospective, observational cohort study. Participants (≥18 years) are being followed for 24 months. A pooled analysis is presented at 12 months, with the primary endpoint of effectiveness (HIV‐1 RNA <50 copies/mL) and secondary endpoints of safety and tolerability (as per protocol). An exploration of patient‐reported outcome measures using standardized questionnaires is included. Results: Between June 2018 and May 2021, 1552 people with HIV were enrolled across 12 countries. The analysed population comprised 1509 individuals (279 TN, 1230 TE); most were white (76%), male (84%) and had one or more comorbid conditions (68%). Median age was 47 years. After 12 months of B/F/TAF treatment, HIV‐1 RNA was <50 copies/mL in 94% (221/236) of TN participants and 97% (977/1008) of TE participants. Median CD4 cell count increased by 214 cells/μL (p < 0.001) in TN participants and 13 cells/μL (p = 0.014) in TE participants; median CD4/CD8 ratios increased by 0.30 and 0.03, respectively (both p < 0.001). Persistence was high at 12 months (TN, 97%; TE, 95%). No resistance to B/F/TAF emerged. Study drug‐related adverse events occurred in 13% of participants through 12 months, leading to B/F/TAF discontinuation in 6%. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide robust real‐world evidence to support the broad use of B/F/TAF in both TN and TE people with HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. The Association of HIV-Specific Risk Factors with Cardiovascular Events in Addition to Traditional Risk Factors in People Living with HIV.
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Mavarani, Laven, Reinsch, Nico, Albayrak-Rena, Sarah, Potthoff, Anja, Hower, Martin, Dolff, Sebastian, Schadendorf, Dirk, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Schmidt, Börge, and Esser, Stefan
- Abstract
Traditional cardiovascular risk scores underestimate the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in people living with HIV (PLH). This study compared the effect of HIV-specific cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) with traditional CRF at baseline for their association with incident CVD in PLH. The ongoing, prospective HIV HEART Aging (HIVH) study assesses CVD in PLH in the German Ruhr Area since 2004. PLH from the HIVH study with at least 5 years of follow-up were examined with the help of Cox proportional hazards models using inverse probability-of-censoring weights. The models were adjusted for age and sex. The obtained hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence limits (CL) assessed the strength of the associations between CRF and CVD. One thousand two hundred forty-three individuals (male 1,040, female 203; mean age of 43 ± 10 years) with 116 incident CVD events were analyzed. After adjusting for the traditional CRF, the HIV-specific CRF "a history of AIDS" and "higher age at diagnosis of HIV infection" (per 10 years) were associated with an increased CVD risk (HR 1.55, 95% CL: 1.05–2.28 and HR 1.55, 95% CL: 1.09–1.22, respectively). Higher CD4/CD8 ratio (per standard deviation), longer cumulative duration of antiretroviral therapies, and longer duration of HIV infection (per 10 years) showed indications for a decreased CVD risk (HR 0.75, 95% CL: 0.58–0.97, HR 0.71, 95% CL: 0.41–1.23, and HR 0.63, 95% CL: 0.44–0.90, respectively). Out of the traditional CRF, current smoking showed the strongest impact on CVD risk (HR 3.12, 95% CL: 2.06–4.74). In conclusion, HIV-specific factors, such as history of AIDS and CD4/CD8 ratio, were independently associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Traditional CRF maintained a major effect on CVD. Clinical Trials Number (NCT04330287). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. Doravirine versus ritonavir-boosted darunavir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 (DRIVE-FORWARD): 96-week results of a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial
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Hagins, Debbie P., Osiyemi, Olayemi O., Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N., Scarsella, Anthony John, Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Bettacchi, Christopher J., Sims, James, III, Clay, Patrick G., Bellos, Nicholaos C., Thompson, Melanie A., Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K., Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Mogyoros, Miguel, Terrelonge, Antonio E., Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T., Robbins, William J., Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Elion, Richard A., Slim, Jihad, Win, Sandra S., Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N., Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony, Cade, Jerry L., Dietz, Craig A., Rubin, David Scott, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P., Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N., Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Melendez-Rivera, Ivan, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O., Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L., Martins, Marcelo, Cahn, Pedro Enrique, Lopardo, Gustavo D., Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard James, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L., Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H.R., Perez, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos, Maria Isabel, Chahin, Carolina Eugenia, Wolff Reyes, Marcelo, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K., Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Gori, Andrea, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona Manuela, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim Valentinovich, Zakharova, Natalia V., Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatyana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, de Jager, Marleen, Portilla Segorb, Joaquin, Mallolas, Josep, Perez Elias, Maria Jesus, Gatell, Josep M., Arribas Lopez, Jose Ramon, Negredo Puigmal, Eugenia, Podzamczer Palter, Daniel, Pulido Ortega, Federico, Troya Garcia, Jesus, De los Santos Gil, Ignacio, Berenguer Berenguer, Juan, Williams, Ian G., Johnson, Margaret A., Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Taylor, Steven John, Dockrell, David Harold, Kegg, Stephen, Squires, Kathleen, Sax, Paul E, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johan, Lai, Ming-Tain, Rodgers, Anthony, Lupinacci, Lisa, Kumar, Sushma, Sklar, Peter, Hanna, George J, Hwang, Carey, and Martin, Elizabeth Anne
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- 2020
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21. Insights into needs of business travelers to China from calls to a medical assistance provider
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Sanftenberg, Linda, Kramer, Michaela, Esser, Stefan, and Schelling, Jörg
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- 2019
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22. Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV and M184V/I Mutation
- Author
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Perez-Valero, Ignacio, Llibre, Josep M., Castagna, Antonella, Pulido, Federico, Molina, Jean-Michel, Esser, Stefan, Margot, Nicolas, Shao, Yongwu, Temme, Lauren, Piontkowsky, David, McNicholl, Ian R., and Haubrich, Richard
- Published
- 2020
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23. T Cell Responses against Orthopoxviruses in HIV-Positive Patients.
- Author
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Stefanie, Sammet, Koldehoff, Michael, Schenk-Westkamp, Pia, Horn, Peter A., Esser, Stefan, and Lindemann, Monika
- Subjects
HIV-positive persons ,T cells ,ORTHOPOXVIRUSES ,MONKEYPOX ,SMALLPOX vaccines - Abstract
A global outbreak of predominantly sexually transmitted mpox infections, outside endemic regions, was reported in May 2022. Thereafter, risk groups were vaccinated against smallpox, a structurally related orthopoxvirus. In the current study, we analyzed T cell responses against peptides derived from orthopoxviruses in 33 HIV-positive patients after two vaccinations against smallpox and in 10 patients after mpox infection. We established an ELISpot assay, detecting either the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin (IL)-2. After vaccination, 21 out of 33 patients (64%) showed specific IFN-γ secretion and 18 (55%) specific IL-2 secretion, defined as >3-fold higher specific value than negative control and at least 4 spots above the negative control. After mpox infection, all patients showed specific IFN-γ secretion and 7 out of 10 (70%) IL-2 secretion. In vaccinated patients, IFN-γ responses were significantly lower than in patients with mpox infection (median response 4.5 vs. 21.0 spots, p < 0.001). The same trend was observed for IL-2 responses. After mpox infection, IL-2 ELISpot results positively correlated with CD8+ T cells (p < 0.05). Thus, T cell responses were detectable in two thirds of HIV-positive patients after vaccination and were even more abundant and vigorous after mpox infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV and M184V/I Mutation
- Author
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Perez-Valero, Ignacio, Llibre, Josep M., Castagna, Antonella, Pulido, Federico, Molina, Jean-Michel, Esser, Stefan, Margot, Nicolas, Shao, Yongwu, Temme, Lauren, Piontkowsky, David, McNicholl, Ian R., and Haubrich, Richard
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Doravirine versus ritonavir-boosted darunavir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 (DRIVE-FORWARD): 48-week results of a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
- Author
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Martins, Marcelo, Cahn, Pedro Enrique, Lopardo, Gustavo D., Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard James, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L., Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H.R., Perez, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos Barker, Maria Isabel E., Chahin, Carolina Eugenia, Wolff Reyes, Marcelo, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K., Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Gori, Andrea, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona Manuela, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim Valentinovich, Zakharova, Natalia V., Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatyana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, Botes, Margaretha Elizabeth, Portilla, Joaquin, Gatell, Josep Maria, Perez, Maria Jesus, Arribas, Jose Ramon, Negredo, Eugenia, Podzamczer, Daniel, Pulido, Federico, Troya, Jesus, De los Santos, Ignacio, Berenguer, Juan, Williams, Ian G., Johnson, Margaret A., Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Taylor, Steven John, Kegg, Stephen, Hagins, Debbie P., Osiyemi, Olayemi O., Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N., Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Sloan, Louis, Lewis, Stanley T., Clay, Patrick G., Bellos, Nicholaos C., Thompson, Melanie A., Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K., Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Terrelonge, Antonio E., Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T., Robbins, William J., Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Elion, Richard A., Slim, Jihad, Lalezari, Jacob Paul, Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N., Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony, Cade, Jerry L., Campo, Rafael E., Dietz, Craig A., Blick, Gary, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P., Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N., Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O., Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L., Squires, Kathleen, Sax, Paul E, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johan, Lai, Ming-Tain, Xu, Xia, Rodgers, Anthony, Lupinacci, Lisa, Kumar, Sushma, Sklar, Peter, Nguyen, Bach-Yen, Hanna, George J, and Hwang, Carey
- Published
- 2018
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26. German guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of neurosyphilis
- Author
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Klein, Matthias, Angstwurm, Klemens, Esser, Stefan, Hahn, Kathrin, Maschke, Matthias, Scheithauer, Simone, Schoefer, Helmut, Sturzenegger, Matthias, Wildemann, Brigitte, and Weber, Jörg
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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27. Sexually Transmitted Dermatophytes Can Cause Severe Infection Among Men who Have Sex With Men as Tinea Genitalis.
- Author
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Chromy, David, Osmers, Anthea-Margaux, Bauer, Wolfgang Michael, Touzeau-Roemer, Veronique, Borst, Carina, Esser, Stefan, Weninger, Wolfgang, Willinger, Birgit, and Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina
- Subjects
SEXUALLY transmitted diseases ,HIV seroconversion ,DERMATOPHYTES ,HIV infections ,RINGWORM ,PRE-exposure prophylaxis ,SEXUAL intercourse - Abstract
Very limited data on tinea genitalis, a potentially severe dermatophytosis transmitted during sexual intercourse affecting the genital area, suggest its potential to cause outbreaks. Thus, we investigated genital dermatophyte infections at an HIV/sexually transmitted infection clinic and identified 17 men who have sex with men (all people with HIV or pre-exposure prophylaxis users) diagnosed with tinea genitalis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Immunotherapy-induced cytotoxic T follicular helper cells reduce numbers of retrovirus-infected reservoir cells in B cell follicles.
- Author
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Malyshkina, Anna, Bayer, Wibke, Podschwadt, Philip, Otto, Lucas, Karakoese, Zehra, Sutter, Kathrin, Bruderek, Kirsten, Wang, Baoxiao, Lavender, Kerry J., Santiago, Mario L., Leipe, Pia Madeleine, Elsner, Carina, Esser, Stefan, Brandau, Sven, Gunzer, Matthias, and Dittmer, Ulf
- Subjects
B cells ,T helper cells ,CYTOTOXIC T cells ,ANTIBODY formation ,LYMPH nodes ,GERMINAL centers ,TERMINATION of treatment ,OVARIAN follicle - Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) transformed HIV from a life-threatening disease to a chronic condition. However, eliminating the virus remains an elusive therapy goal. For several decades, Friend virus (FV) infection serves as a murine model to study retrovirus immunity. Similar to HIV, FV persists at low levels in lymph nodes B cell follicles avoiding elimination by immune cells. Such immune-privileged reservoirs exclude cytotoxic T cells from entry. However, CXCR5
+ T cells are permitted to traffic through germinal centers. This marker is predominantly expressed by CD4+ follicular helper T cells (Tfh). Therefore, we explored immunotherapy to induce cytotoxic Tfh, which are rarely found under physiological conditions. The TNF receptor family member CD137 was first identified as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. We demonstrated that FV-infected mice treatment with αCD137 antibody resulted in an induction of the cytotoxic program in Tfh. The therapy significantly increased numbers of cytotoxic Tfh within B cell follicles and contributed to viral load reduction. Moreover, αCD137 antibody combined with ART delayed virus rebound upon treatment termination without disturbing the lymph node architecture or antibody responses. Thus, αCD137 antibody therapy might be a novel strategy to target the retroviral reservoir and an interesting approach for HIV cure research. Author summary: Despite the development of potent antiretroviral therapy, elimination of the HIV reservoir from lymph nodes remains elusive. The main reason is that lymph nodes are an immune privileged site in which cytotoxic T cell activity is restricted. We used the Friend retrovirus (FV) mouse model to develop a novel therapy approach that targets the retroviral reservoir in lymph nodes. Immunotherapy with CD137 activating antibodies induced a cytotoxic program in follicular CD4+ T cells, which improved their killing capacity and resulted in a reduction of the FV reservoir in lymph nodes. Antibody treatment combined with antiretroviral therapy delayed virus rebound upon treatment termination without disturbing the lymph node architecture or antibody responses to unrelated antigens. Thus, αCD137 antibody therapy might be a novel strategy to target the retroviral reservoir in lymph nodes and an interesting approach for HIV cure research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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29. Single-crystal and ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 gain media for thin-disk oscillators.
- Author
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Esser, Stefan, Xu, Xiaodong, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Jian, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
- Subjects
- *
ACTIVE medium , *THULIUM , *YTTERBIUM , *CERAMICS , *MOLECULAR spectra - Abstract
We report on the direct comparison of single-crystal and ceramic Yb3+:Lu203 gain media with respect to emission spectra, fluorescence lifetime, depolarization, and laser performance in a continuous-wave thin-disk laser oscillator. The most efficient laser operation was achieved with a single-crystal disk in multimode operation with a slope efficiency of 72.1% and an average output power of 997 W. At the same temperature level, a ceramic disk delivered 861 W with a slope efficiency of 68.6%. In fundamental-mode operation, the highest average power of 360 W and highest optical efficiency of 41.3% were obtained with a ceramic disk. For the single-crystal disk, the fundamental-mode output power was limited to 113 W at an optical efficiency of 29%, potentially due to stress within the crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Generation of a radially polarized beam in a polycrystalline ceramic Yb:Lu2O3 thin-disk laser.
- Author
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Didychenko, Denys, Esser, Stefan, Beirow, Frieder, Savchenko, Anton, Pruss, Christof, Graf, Thomas, and Abdou Ahmed, Marwan
- Subjects
- *
CERAMICS , *LASERS , *YTTERBIUM - Abstract
We report on the generation of a continuous-wave (CW) radially polarized beam with an Yb:Lu2O3 polycrystalline ceramic disk in a thin-disk laser (TDL) oscillator. A circular grating-waveguide mirror (CGWM) with a high polarization discrimination given by a reflectivity difference between the two orthogonal polarization states of 44.6% was used as a polarization-selective cavity end-mirror. An output power of 175 W was achieved with an optical efficiency of 39.6%. A high degree of radial polarization of 96.2% and a beam propagation factor of M2hor. = 2.05 and M2ver. = 2.32 were measured at the maximum output power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Long-term effects on subclinical cardiovascular disease of switching from boosted protease inhibitors to dolutegravir.
- Author
-
González-Cordón, Ana, Assoumou, Lambert, Moyle, Graeme, Waters, Laura, Johnson, Margaret, Domingo, Pere, Fox, Julie, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Masiá, Mar, Gompels, Mark, Wit, Stephane De, Florence, Eric, Esser, Stefan, Raffi, François, Behrens, Georg, Pozniak, Anton, Gatell, Jose M, Martínez, Esteban, and Group, NEAT 022 Study
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,CAROTID intima-media thickness ,DOLUTEGRAVIR ,PROTEASE inhibitors ,INSULIN ,ENDOTHELIUM diseases - Abstract
Background In the NEAT022 trial, switching from boosted PIs (PI/r) to dolutegravir in people with HIV (PWH) with high cardiovascular risk decreased plasma lipids, soluble CD14 and adiponectin, and showed consistent favourable, although non-significant, effects on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) progression at 48 weeks. We hereby communicate planned final 96 week results on biomarker changes and CIMT progression. Methods PWH on a PI/r-based triple therapy regimen were randomly assigned (1:1) to switch the PI/r component to dolutegravir either immediately (DTG-I group) or after 48 weeks (DTG-D group) and were followed up to 96 weeks. We assessed changes in biomarkers associated with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, monocyte immune activation, oxidation, insulin resistance, hypercoagulability, heart failure, myocardial injury and glomerular and tubular kidney injury, and right and left CIMT progression at 48 and 96 weeks. Results Of 415 PWH randomized, 287 (69%) and 143 (34%) contributed to the biomarker and CIMT substudies respectively. There were significant 96 week changes in biomarkers associated with inflammation, immune activation, oxidation, insulin resistance and myocardial injury. Most changes were favourable, except for adiponectin reduction, which may suggest higher insulin resistance. We were unable to detect significant changes in the progression of CIMT between arms or within arms at 96 weeks. Discussion After 96 weeks, switching from PI/r to dolutegravir in PWH with high cardiovascular risk led to significant changes in several biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease. Although most changes were favourable, adiponectin reduction was not. There were non-significant changes in CIMT progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Week 96 results of a phase 3 trial of darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in treatment-naive HIV-1 patients
- Author
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Orkin, Chloe, Eron, Joseph J., Rockstroh, Jürgen, Podzamczer, Daniel, Esser, Stefan, Vandekerckhove, Linos, Van Landuyt, Erika, Lathouwers, Erkki, Hufkens, Veerle, Jezorwski, John, and Opsomer, Magda
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
33. Renal safety of tenofovir alafenamide vs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: A pooled analysis of 26 clinical trials
- Author
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Gupta, Samir K., Post, Frank A., Arribas, José R., Jr, Joseph J. Eron, Wohl, David A., Clarke, Amanda E., Sax, Paul E., Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Esser, Stefan, Pozniak, Anton L., Podzamczer, Daniel, Waters, Laura, Orkin, Chloe, Rockstroh, Jürgen K., Mudrikova, Tatiana, Negredo, Eugenia, Elion, Richard A., Guo, Susan, Zhong, Lijie, Carter, Christoph, Martin, Hal, Brainard, Diana, Sengupta, Devi, and Das, Moupali
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Development of a phenotypic susceptibility assay for HIV-1 integrase inhibitors
- Author
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Heger, Eva, Theis, Alexandra Andrée, Remmel, Klaus, Walter, Hauke, Pironti, Alejandro, Knops, Elena, Di Cristanziano, Veronica, Jensen, Björn, Esser, Stefan, Kaiser, Rolf, and Lübke, Nadine
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Toll-Like Receptor 2-Mediated Glial Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination
- Author
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Esser, Stefan, Göpfrich, Larissa, Bihler, Kai, Kress, Eugenia, Nyamoya, Stella, Tauber, Simone C., Clarner, Tim, Stope, Matthias B., Pufe, Thomas, Kipp, Markus, and Brandenburg, Lars-Ove
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Incidence of hypertension and blood pressure changes in persons with HIV at high risk for cardiovascular disease switching from boosted protease inhibitors to dolutegravir: a post-hoc analysis of the 96-week randomised NEAT-022 trial
- Author
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Sempere, Abiu, Assoumou, Lambert, González-Cordón, Ana, Waters, Laura, Rusconi, Stefano, Domingo, Pere, Gompels, Mark, de Wit, Stephane, Raffi, François, Stephan, Christoph, Masiá, Mar, Rockstroh, Jürgen, Katlama, Christine, Behrens, Georg M N, Moyle, Graeme, Johnson, Margaret, Fox, Julie, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Florence, Eric, Esser, Stefan, Gatell, José, Pozniak, Anton, and Martínez, Esteban
- Subjects
Blood pressure ,dolutegravir ,hypertension ,switch - Published
- 2023
37. Incidence of hypertension and blood pressure changes in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at high risk for cardiovascular disease switching from boosted protease inhibitors to dolutegravir : a post-hoc analysis of the 96-week randomised NEAT-022 trial
- Author
-
Sempere, Abiu, Assoumou, Lambert, González-Cordón, Ana, Waters, Laura, Rusconi, Stefano, Domingo, Pere, Gompels, Mark, de Wit, Stephane, Raffi, François, Stephan, Christoph, Masiá, Mar, Rockstroh, Jürgen, Katlama, Christine, Behrens, Georg M N, Moyle, Graeme, Johnson, Margaret, Fox, Julie, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Florence, Eric, Esser, Stefan, Gatell, José, Pozniak, Anton, Martínez, Esteban, and NEAT 022 Study Group
- Subjects
Medizin ,Human medicine ,Biology - Abstract
Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from NEAT022 study at high risk for cardiovascular disease showed high rates of hypertension. Switching to dolutegravir did not negatively impact on the incidence of hypertension relative to continuing protease inhibitors. Background Integrase inhibitors have been recently linked to a higher risk for hypertension. In NEAT022 randomized trial, virologically suppressed persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) with high cardiovascular risk switched from protease inhibitors to dolutegravir either immediately (DTG-I) or after 48 weeks (DTG-D). Methods Primary endpoint was incident hypertension at 48 weeks. Secondary endpoints were changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure; adverse events and discontinuations associated with high blood pressure; and factors associated with incident hypertension. Results At baseline, 191 (46.4%) participants had hypertension and 24 persons without hypertension were receiving antihypertensive medications for other reasons. In the 197 PWH (n = 98, DTG-I arm; n = 99, DTG-D arm) without hypertension or antihypertensive agents at baseline, incidence rates per 100 person-years were 40.3 and 36.3 (DTG-I) and 34.7 and 52.0 (DTG-D) at 48 (P = .5755) and 96 (P = .2347) weeks. SBP or DBP changes did not differed between arms. DBP (mean, 95% confidence interval) significantly increased in both DTG-I (+2.78 mmHg [1.07-4.50], P = .0016) and DTG-D (+2.29 mmHg [0.35-4.23], P = .0211) arms in the first 48 weeks of exposure to dolutegravir. Four (3 under dolutegravir, 1 under protease inhibitors) participants discontinued study drugs due to adverse events associated with high blood pressure. Classical factors, but not treatment arm, were independently associated with incident hypertension. Conclusions PWH at high risk for cardiovascular disease showed high rates of hypertension at baseline and after 96 weeks. Switching to dolutegravir did not negatively impact on the incidence of hypertension or blood pressure changes relative to continuing protease inhibitors.
- Published
- 2023
38. Prolongation of the QTc interval in HIV-infected individuals compared to the general population
- Author
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Reinsch, Nico, Arendt, Marina, Geisel, Marie Henrike, Schulze, Christina, Holzendorf, Volker, Warnke, Anna, Neumann, Till, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Schadendorf, Dirk, Eisele, Lewin, Erbel, Raimund, Moebus, Susanne, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Esser, Stefan, and On behalf of HIV HEART Study Group and the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Investigative Group
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Formyl Peptide Receptor 1-Mediated Glial Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination
- Author
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Bihler, Kai, Kress, Eugenia, Esser, Stefan, Nyamoya, Stella, Tauber, Simone C., Clarner, Tim, Stope, Matthias B., Pufe, Thomas, and Brandenburg, Lars-Ove
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. HIV-1 persistent viremia is frequently followed by episodes of low-level viremia
- Author
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Widera, Marek, Dirks, Miriam, Bleekmann, Barbara, Jablonka, Robert, Däumer, Martin, Walter, Hauke, Ehret, Robert, Verheyen, Jens, and Esser, Stefan
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. S2k guideline: HPV‐associated lesions of the external genital region and the anus – anogenital warts and precancerous lesions of the vulva, the penis, and the peri‐ and intra‐anal skin (short version)
- Author
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Gross, Gerd E., Werner, Ricardo N., Becker, Jürgen C., Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Esser, Stefan, Hampl, Monika, Hommel, Sara, Jongen, Johannes, Mestel, Dominik S., Meyer, Thomas, Petry, Karl U., Plettenberg, Andreas, Püschel, Klaus, Schneede, Peter, Schöfer, Helmut, Sotlar, Karl, Weyandt, Gerhard, Wieland, Ulrike, Wiese‐Posselt, Miriam, and Nast, Alexander
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. S2k‐Leitlinie: HPV‐assoziierte Läsionen der äußeren Genitalregion und des Anus – Genitalwarzen und Krebsvorstufen der Vulva, des Penis und der peri‐ und intraanalen Haut (Kurzfassung)
- Author
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Gross, Gerd E., Werner, Ricardo N., Becker, Jürgen C., Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Esser, Stefan, Hampl, Monika, Hommel, Sara, Jongen, Johannes, Mestel, Dominik S., Meyer, Thomas, Petry, Karl U., Plettenberg, Andreas, Püschel, Klaus, Schneede, Peter, Schöfer, Helmut, Sotlar, Karl, Weyandt, Gerhard, Wieland, Ulrike, Wiese‐Posselt, Miriam, and Nast, Alexander
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Switching from a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor to a dolutegravir-based regimen for maintenance of HIV viral suppression in patients with high cardiovascular risk
- Author
-
Gatell, José M., Assoumou, Lambert, Moyle, Graeme, Waters, Laura, Johnson, Margaret, Domingo, Pere, Fox, Julie, Martinez, Esteban, Stellbrink, Hans–Jürgen, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Masia, Mar, Gompels, Mark, De Wit, Stephane, Florence, Eric, Esser, Stefan, Raffi, François, and Pozniak, Anton L.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. False-Positive Screening and Confirmatory HIV Diagnostic Test in a Patient with Cured SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Not Mediated by Env/Spike Cross-Reactive Antibodies.
- Author
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Elsner, Carina, Appeltrath, Gwenllian A., Konik, Margarethe, Parreuter, Janine, Broecker-Preuss, Martina, Krawczyk, Adalbert, Esser, Stefan, Sammet, Stefanie, and Karsten, Christina B.
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2 ,DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections ,MEDICAL screening ,DIAGNOSIS methods ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,PHYSICIANS - Abstract
Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with false-positive HIV screening tests. The underlying mechanism is unclear, and for clinical cases, evidence beyond a temporal connection is missing. However, several experimental studies point toward SARS-CoV-2 spike/HIV-1 envelope (Env) cross-reactive antibodies (Abs) as a cause. Here, we present the first case of an individual with convalescent SARS-CoV-2 infection testing false positive in both an HIV screening and confirmatory test. Longitudinal sampling showed that the phenomenon was temporary but lasted for at least 3 months before waning. After excluding a multitude of common determinants for assay interference, we further show by antibody depletion studies that SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific Abs did not cross-react with HIV-1 gp120 in the patient sample. No additional case of HIV test interference was identified in a cohort of 66 individuals who presented to a post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic. We conclude the SARS-CoV-2-associated HIV test interference to be a temporary process capable of disturbing both screening and confirmatory assays. The assay interference is short-lived and/or rare but should be considered by physicians as a possible explanation for unexpected HIV diagnostic results in patients with a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Clinical characteristics of monkeypox virus infections among men with and without HIV: A large outbreak cohort in Germany.
- Author
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Hoffmann, Christian, Jessen, Heiko, Wyen, Christoph, Grunwald, Stephan, Noe, Sebastian, Teichmann, Jörn, Krauss, Anja‐Sophie, Kolarikal, Henning, Scholten, Stefan, Schuler, Christoph, Bickel, Markus, Roll, Clemens, Kreckel, Peter, Köppe, Siegfried, Straub, Matthias, Klausen, Gerd, Lenz, Johannes, Esser, Stefan, Jensen, Björn, and Rausch, Michael
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections ,MEN ,MONKEYPOX ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,ACQUISITION of data ,SEVERITY of illness index ,EPIDEMICS ,MEDICAL records ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEN who have sex with men ,COMORBIDITY ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Background: Since May 2022, increasing numbers of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections have been reported from across Europe and North America. Studies, mainly from Africa, have suggested a higher risk for severe MPXV cases in people living with HIV. Methods: This was a retrospective study of all confirmed MPXV infections observed in the participating centres since 19 May 2022. We conducted a chart review to evaluate clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and coinfections, including HIV, viral hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Results: By 30 June 2022, a total of 546 MPXV infections were reported from 42 German centres. All patients were men who have sex with men (MSM), of whom 256 (46.9%) were living with HIV, mostly with a preserved immune system and with viral suppression. In total, 232 (42.5%) MSM were also taking HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and 58 (10.6%) MSM had no known HIV infection or PrEP use. The median age was 39 years (range 20–67), and comorbidities were rare. However, 52.4% and 29.4% of all patients had been diagnosed with at least one STI within the last 6 months or within the last 4 weeks, respectively. The most frequent localizations of MPXV infection were genital (49.9%) and anal (47.9%), whereas fever (53.2%) and lymphadenopathy (42.6%) were the most frequent general symptoms. The hospitalization rate was low (4.0%), and no fatal course was observed. The clinical picture showed no apparent differences between MSM with or without HIV. Conclusions: In this preliminary cohort analysis from a current large outbreak among MSM in Germany, the clinical picture of MPXV infection did not differ between MSM with and without HIV infection. Severe courses were rare and hospitalization rates were low. However, most patients were relatively healthy, and only a few people living with HIV were viremic or severely immunosuppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Limited Weight Impact After Switching From Boosted Protease Inhibitors to Dolutegravir in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With High Cardiovascular Risk: A Post Hoc Analysis of the 96-Week NEAT-022 Randomized Trial.
- Author
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Waters, Laura, Assoumou, Lambert, González-Cordón, Ana, Rusconi, Stefano, Domingo, Pere, Gompels, Mark, Wit, Stephane de, Raffi, François, Stephan, Christoph, Masiá, Mar, Rockstroh, Jürgen, Katlama, Christine, Behrens, Georg M N, Moyle, Graeme, Johnson, Margaret, Fox, Julie, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Florence, Eric, and Esser, Stefan
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of protease inhibitors ,HIV infections ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,STATISTICS ,PROTEASE inhibitors ,HIV integrase inhibitors ,BODY weight ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis ,BODY mass index ,PHARMACODYNAMICS - Abstract
Background In the NEAT022 trial, virologically suppressed persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at high cardiovascular risk switching from protease inhibitors to dolutegravir either immediately (DTG-I) or after 48 weeks (DTG-D) showed noninferior virological suppression and significant lipid and cardiovascular disease risk reductions on switching to dolutegravir relative to continuing protease inhibitors. Methods In post hoc analysis, major endpoints were 48-week and 96-week weight and body mass index (BMI) changes. Factors associated with weight/BMI changes within the first 48 weeks of DTG exposure, proportion of participants by category of percentage weight change, proportions of BMI categories over time, and impact on metabolic outcomes were also assessed. Results Between May 2014 and November 2015, 204 (DTG-I) and 208 (DTG-D) participants were included. Weight significantly increased (mean, +0.810 kg DTG-I arm, and +0.979 kg DTG-D arm) in the first 48 weeks postswitch, but remained stable from 48 to 96 weeks in DTG-I arm. Switching from darunavir, White race, total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio <3.7, and normal/underweight BMI were independently associated with higher weight/BMI gains. The proportion of participants with ≥5% weight change increased similarly in both arms over time. The proportions of BMI categories, use of lipid-lowering drugs, diabetes and/or use of antidiabetic agents, and hypertension and/or use of antihypertensive agents did not change within or between arms at 48 and 96 weeks. Conclusions Switching from protease inhibitors to dolutegravir in persons with HIV with high cardiovascular risk led to modest weight gain limited to the first 48 weeks, which involved preferentially normal-weight or underweight persons and was not associated with negative metabolic outcomes. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02098837 and EudraCT 2013-003704-39. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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47. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): a review of current knowledge of oral systemic HIV PrEP in humans
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Spinner, Christoph D., Boesecke, Christoph, Zink, Alexander, Jessen, Heiko, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Rockstroh, Jürgen Kurt, and Esser, Stefan
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- 2016
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48. Factors Associated With Adherence Amongst 5295 People Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy as Part of an International Trial
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INSIGHT SMART Study Group, O'Connor, Jemma L., Gardner, Edward M., Mannheimer, Sharon B., Lifson, Alan R., Esser, Stefan, Telzak, Edward E., and Phillips, Andrew N.
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- 2013
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49. A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands
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Wymant, Chris, Bezemer, Daniela, Blanquart, François, Ferretti, Luca, Gall, Astrid, Hall, Matthew, Golubchik, Tanya, Bakker, Margreet, Ong, Swee Hoe, Zhao, Lele, Bonsall, David, de Cesare, Mariateresa, MacIntyre-Cockett, George, Abeler-Dörner, Lucie, Albert, Jan, Bannert, Norbert, Fellay, Jacques, Grabowski, M Kate, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara, Günthard, Huldrych F, Kivelä, Pia, Kouyos, Roger D, Laeyendecker, Oliver, Meyer, Laurence, Porter, Kholoud, Ristola, Matti, van Sighem, Ard, Berkhout, Ben, Kellam, Paul, Cornelissen, Marion, Reiss, Peter, Fraser, Christophe, Aubert, V, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Burton-Jeangros, C, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Furrer, H, Fux, C A, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, de Tejada, B Martinez, Marzolini, C, Metzner, 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Taylor, B, Brewer, C, Mayr, Christoph, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Speidel, Andrea, Strohbach, Frank, Arastéh, Keikawus, Cordes, Christiane, Stündel, Manfred, Claus, Jörg, Baumgarten, Axel, Carganico, Andreas, Ingiliz, Patrick, Dupke, Stephan, Freiwald, Matthias, Rausch, Michael, Moll, Arend, Schleehauf, Dorothea, Hintsche, Bettina, Klausen, Gerd, Jessen, Heiko, Jessen, Arne, Köppe, Siegfried, Kreckel, Peter, Schranz, Dietmar, Fischer, Klaus, Schulbin, Hubert, Speer, Miriam, Glaunsinger, Tobias, Wicke, Thomas, Bieniek, Bernhard, Hillenbrand, Heribert, Schlote, Frank, Lauenroth-Mai, Elke, Schuler, Christoph, Schürmann, Dirk, Wesselmann, Hans, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Gehring, Peter, Schmalöer, Dirk, Hower, Martin, Spornraft-Ragaller, Petra, Häussinger, Dieter, Reuter, Stefan, Esser, Stefan, Markus, Rudolf, Kreft, Burkhard, Berzow, Dirk, Christl, Andreas, Meyer, Andreas, Plettenberg, Andreas, Stoehr, Albrecht, Graefe, Katrin, Lorenzen, Thore, Adam, Axel, Schewe, Knut, Weitner, Lutwin, Fenske, Stefan, Hansen, Stefan, Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen, Wiemer, Dorothea, Hertling, Sandra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Arbter, Peter, Claus, Bernd, Galle, Peter, Jäger, Hans, Jä Gel-Guedes, Eva, Postel, Nils, Fröschl, Monika, Spinner, Christoph, Bogner, Johannes, Salzberger, Bernd, Schölmerich, Jürgen, Audebert, Franz, Marquardt, Ties, Schaffert, Andreas, Schnaitmann, Eiko, Trein, Andreas, Frietsch, Bernhard, Müller, Marcus, Ulmer, Albrecht, Detering-Hübner, Barbara, Kern, Peter, Schubert, Franz, Dehn, Günther, Schreiber, Maria, Güler, Cengiz, Schmidt, Daniel, Meixenberger, Karolin, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Virology, Pediatrics, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, Global Health, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Internal medicine, VU University medical center, Surgery, AMS - Rehabilitation & Development, APH - Quality of Care, Psychiatry, Pediatric surgery, Neurology, Public and occupational health, APH - Mental Health, Pathology, Cardiology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Anesthesiology, IOO, Rehabilitation medicine, Obstetrics and gynaecology, General practice, Gastroenterology and hepatology, Pulmonary medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Medical oncology laboratory, Hematology, Epidemiology and Data Science, Physiology, Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), University of Oxford, Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Helsinki University Hospital [Helsinki, Finlande], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, University College of London [London] (UCL), Kymab Ltd, Cambridge, England, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), This study was funded by ERC Advanced Grant PBDR-339251 and a Li Ka Shing Foundation grant, both awarded to C.F. The ATHENA Cohort is managed by Stichting HIV Monitoring and supported by a grant from the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport through the Centre for Infectious Disease Control of the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment., We thank K. Fransen and G. Vanham for help with the Belgian data, O. Ratmann for help in identifying the Dutch clusters, K. Kusejko for testing for additional VB individuals in the SHCS, B. Foley for help with genome sharing, B. Dearlove and L. Thomson for help with software, and J. Herbeck and three other reviewers for helpful suggestions., Contributors and affiliations are listed in the supplementary materials., Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Infektiosairauksien yksikkö, HUS Inflammation Center, and Clinicum
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Adult ,Male ,HIV-1/genetics ,Genotype ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Evolution ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,HIV Infections/drug therapy ,selection ,HIV Infections ,Genome, Viral ,heritability ,epidemic ,human-immunodeficiency-virus ,Evolution, Molecular ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Humans ,Viral ,Phylogeny ,Netherlands ,Multidisciplinary ,Genome ,model ,Virulence ,transmission ,Molecular ,setpoint viral load ,reverse-transcriptase ,dynamics ,Viral Load ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ,Mutation ,HIV-1 ,Female ,progression - Abstract
Comment in Does HIV-1 virulence matter in the ART era? Lewitus E, Rolland M. Med (N Y). 2022 Apr 8;3(4):217-219. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.03.003. PMID: 35590149; International audience; We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log 10 increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited CD4 cell decline twice as fast as, 6604 individuals with other subtype-B strains. Without treatment, advanced HIV—CD4 cell counts below 350 cells per cubic millimeter, with long-term clinical consequences—is expected to be reached, on average, 9 months after diagnosis for individuals in their thirties with this variant. Age, sex, suspected mode of transmission, and place of birth for the aforementioned 109 individuals were typical for HIV-positive people in the Netherlands, which suggests that the increased virulence is attributable to the viral strain. Genetic sequence analysis suggests that this variant arose in the 1990s from de novo mutation, not recombination, with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence.
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- 2022
50. SRSF1 acts as an IFN-I-regulated cellular dependency factor decisively affecting HIV-1 post-integration steps
- Author
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Sertznig, Helene, Roesmann, Fabian, Wilhelm, Alexander, Heininger, Delia, Bleekmann, Barbara, Elsner, Carina, Santiago, Mario, Schuhenn, Jonas, Karakoese, Zehra, Benatzy, Yvonne, Snodgrass, Ryan, Esser, Stefan, Sutter, Kathrin, Dittmer, Ulf, and Widera, Marek
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repressed genes ,Mononuclear ,Messenger ,Immunology ,Medizin ,Antibodies ,ASF ,ISG ,alternative splicing ,HIV Seropositivity ,Leukocytes ,Genetics ,Humans ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,SF2/ASF ,Aetiology ,Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors ,interferon ,SRSF1 ,Infectious Diseases ,SF2 ,Medical Microbiology ,Interferon Type I ,HIV-1 ,RNA ,HIV/AIDS ,transcription ,Infection ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Efficient HIV-1 replication depends on balanced levels of host cell components including cellular splicing factors as the family of serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSF, 1–10). Type I interferons (IFN-I) play a crucial role in the innate immunity against HIV-1 by inducing the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) including potent host restriction factors. The less well known IFN-repressed genes (IRepGs) might additionally affect viral replication by downregulating host dependency factors that are essential for the viral life cycle; however, so far, the knowledge about IRepGs involved in HIV-1 infection is very limited. In this work, we could demonstrate that HIV-1 infection and the associated ISG induction correlated with low SRSF1 levels in intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during acute and chronic HIV-1 infection. In HIV-1-susceptible cell lines as well as primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), expression levels of SRSF1 were transiently repressed upon treatment with specific IFNα subtypes in vitro. Mechanically, 4sU labeling of newly transcribed mRNAs revealed that IFN-mediated SRSF1 repression is regulated on early RNA level. SRSF1 knockdown led to an increase in total viral RNA levels, but the relative proportion of the HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) coding transcripts, which is essential to counteract APOBEC3G-mediated host restriction, was significantly reduced. In the presence of high APOBEC3G levels, however, increased LTR activity upon SRSF1 knockdown facilitated the overall replication, despite decreased vif mRNA levels. In contrast, SRSF1 overexpression significantly impaired HIV-1 post-integration steps including LTR transcription, alternative splice site usage, and virus particle production. Since balanced SRSF1 levels are crucial for efficient viral replication, our data highlight the so far undescribed role of SRSF1 acting as an IFN-modulated cellular dependency factor decisively regulating HIV-1 post-integration steps. CA Widera
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- 2022
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