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353 results on '"Fagundes, Christopher"'

11. Examining Links Between Distinct Affective States and Tobacco Lapse During a Cessation Attempt Among African Americans: A Cohort Study.

Author

Jones, Dusti R, Potter, Lindsey N, Lam, Cho Y, Schlechter, Chelsey R, Nahum-Shani, Inbal, Fagundes, Christopher, and Wetter, David W

Subjects
AFFECT (Psychology), AFRICAN Americans, ECOLOGICAL momentary assessments (Clinical psychology), TOBACCO, COHORT analysis
Abstract

Background Affect states are posited to play a pivotal role in addiction-related processes, including tobacco lapse (i.e. smoking during a quit attempt), and distinct affective states (e.g. joy vs. happiness) may differentially influence lapse likelihood. However, few studies have examined the influence of distinct affective states on tobacco lapse. Purpose This study examines the influence of 23 distinct affect states on tobacco lapse among a sample of tobacco users attempting to quit. Methods Participants were 220 adults who identified as African American (50% female, ages 18–74). Ecological momentary assessment was used to assess affect and lapse in real-time. Between and within-person associations testing links between distinct affect states and lapse were examined with multilevel modeling for binary outcomes. Results After adjusting for previous time's lapse and for all other positive or negative affect items, results suggested that at the between-person level, joy was associated with lower odds of lapse, and at the within-person level, attentiveness was associated with lower odds of lapse. Results also suggested that at the between-person level, guilt and nervous were associated with higher odds of lapse, and at the within-person level, shame was associated with higher odds of lapse. Conclusions The present study uses real-time, real-world data to demonstrate the role of distinct positive and negative affects on momentary tobacco lapse. This work helps elucidate specific affective experiences that facilitate or hinder the ability to abstain from tobacco use during a quit attempt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Trajectories of depressive symptoms early in the course of bereavement: Patterns, psychosocial factors and risk of prolonged grief.

Author

Majd, Marzieh, Chen, Michelle A., Chirinos, Diana A., Brown, Ryan L., LeRoy, Angie S., Murdock, Kyle W., Wu‐Chung, E. Lydia, Thayer, Julian F., and Fagundes, Christopher P.

Subjects
MENTAL depression risk factors, RISK assessment, SELF-evaluation, PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience, RESEARCH funding, CHILD abuse, ATTACHMENT behavior, SPOUSES, QUESTIONNAIRES, COMPLICATED grief, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, BEREAVEMENT, SOCIAL support, MENTAL depression, TIME, WIDOWHOOD
Abstract

In the context of bereavement, little is known about the mechanisms that differentiate normative adjustment patterns from those that may indicate potential psychopathology. This study aimed to replicate and extend previous work by (1) characterizing the trajectories of depressive symptoms from 3 to 12 months after the loss of a spouse, (2) examining whether (a) childhood maltreatment and attachment style predicted distinct depression trajectories, and (b) different depression trajectories were associated with the risk of prolonged grief at 12 months post‐loss. Recently bereaved individuals (N = 175) completed self‐report assessments at 3, 4, 6, and 12‐months post‐loss. Trajectories of depressive symptoms were estimated using group‐based trajectory modelling. Four distinct trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified: (1) resilience (minimal/no depression across time points; 45%), (2) moderate depression‐improved (alleviated to 'mild' by 12 months; 31%), (3) severe depression‐improved (alleviated to 'moderate' by 12 months; 15%), and (4) chronic depression ('severe' symptoms across time points; 9%). Higher childhood maltreatment predicted a greater likelihood of belonging to the 'severe depression‐improved' and 'chronic depression' groups than the 'resilient' and 'moderate depression‐improved' groups. Widow(er)s with higher attachment anxiety were more likely to belong to the 'severe depression‐improved' and 'chronic depression' groups than the 'resilient' group. The trajectory groups with persistent levels of depressive symptoms up until 6 months were more likely to exhibit prolonged grief at 12 months post‐loss. Changes from pre‐loss functioning cannot be estimated. Our findings provide insight into the early identification of post‐loss prolonged grief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Fear of missing out and depressive symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Author

LeRoy, Angie S., Lai, Vincent D., Tsay‐Jones, Arya, and Fagundes, Christopher P.

Subjects
LONELINESS, COVID-19 pandemic, MENTAL depression, PUBLIC health
Abstract

During the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic, governments issued public health safety measures (e.g., "stay‐at‐home" ordinances), leaving many people "missing out" on integral social aspects of their own lives. The fear of missing out, popularly shortened as, "FoMO," is a felt sense of unease one experiences when they perceive they may be missing out on rewarding and/or enjoyable experiences. Among 76 participants (ages M = 69.36, SD = 5.34), who were at risk for hospitalization or death if infected with COVID‐19, we found that FoMO was associated with depressive symptoms at Time 1, even when controlling for perceived stress, loneliness, and fear of COVID‐19. However, FoMO did not predict future depressive symptoms, about 1 week later, when controlling for Time 1 depressive symptoms. These findings provide further evidence that FoMO is associated with depressive symptoms in a short period of time even when accounting for other powerful social factors such as loneliness. Future research should explore the potential causal relationships between FoMO and depression, especially those that may establish temporal precedence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Attachment and telomere length: more evidence for psychobiological connections between close relationships, health, and aging

Author

Murdock, Kyle W., Zilioli, Samuele, Ziauddin, Khadija, Heijnen, Cobi J., and Fagundes, Christopher P.

Subjects
Interpersonal relations -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Telomeres -- Physiological aspects -- Psychological aspects -- Research, Aging (Biology) -- Psychological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Individuals with a history of poor interpersonal relationships are more likely to demonstrate negative health outcomes than those who have had high quality relationships. We sought to evaluate how attachment orientations, stress-induced respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and self-reported stress were associated with length of telomeres measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Participants (N = 213) completed self-report measures of attachment and stress. Measurement of RSA was conducted before and after a stressful task and a blood draw was completed for analysis of telomere length. Attachment orientations were not directly associated with telomere length; however, we found that high attachment anxiety was associated with shorter length of telomeres via high self-reported stress. Attachment avoidance was also associated with telomere length via self-reported stress, but only among those with high stress-induced RSA. Exploratory analyses of T cell subsets indicated that stress was most strongly associated with telomeres from CD8CD28+ cells in comparison to CD8CD28- and CD4 cells. Study findings indicate that attachment orientations are associated with telomere length via stress, providing novel insights into the mechanisms through which close relationships can impact health and aging., Author(s): Kyle W. Murdock [sup.1] [sup.2] , Samuele Zilioli [sup.3] , Khadija Ziauddin [sup.1] , Cobi J. Heijnen [sup.4] , Christopher P. Fagundes [sup.1] [sup.5] [sup.6] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 [...]

Published
2018
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