45 results on '"Fedele, Alessandro"'
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2. Strong client orientation, little leverage in nonprofit firms?
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Fedele, Alessandro, Miniaci, Raffaele, and Tortia, Ermanno
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- 2022
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3. Moral hazard and compensation packages: does reshuffling matter?
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Fedele, Alessandro and Panaccione, Luca
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- 2020
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4. Do rivals enhance your credit conditions?
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Cerasi, Vittoria, Fedele, Alessandro, and Miniaci, Raffaele
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- 2019
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5. Does Excellence Pay Off? Evidence from the Italian Wine Market.
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Castriota, Stefano and Fedele, Alessandro
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WINE marketing ,ITALIAN wines ,PRODUCT quality ,REPUTATION ,EXCELLENCE - Abstract
Considering the Italian wine market, we investigate the relationship between product quality, on the one hand, and profits and profitability, on the other hand. Using data from 1052 wineries over the period 2006–2015, we find robust evidence of a positive relationship between product quality, measured by the wineries' reputation for quality, and profits, measured by the Earnings Before Interest, Depreciation and Amortization. By contrast, we observe no relationship between reputation and profitability, measured by the Return on Invested Capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Phishing attacks: An analysis of the victims’ characteristics based on administrative data
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Fedele, Alessandro, Tonin, Mirco, and Valerio, Matteo
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- 2024
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7. Improved quantification of CO2 emission at Campi Flegrei by combined Lagrangian Stochastic and Eulerian dispersion modelling
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Pedone, Maria, Granieri, Domenico, Moretti, Roberto, Fedele, Alessandro, Troise, Claudia, Somma, Renato, and De Natale, Giuseppe
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- 2017
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8. Product market competition and access to credit
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Cerasi, Vittoria, Fedele, Alessandro, and Miniaci, Raffaele
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- 2017
9. Real-time quadrupole mass spectrometry of hydrothermal gases from the unstable Pisciarelli fumaroles (Campi Flegrei): Trends, challenges and processes
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Fedele, Alessandro, Pedone, Maria, Moretti, Roberto, Wiersberg, Thomas, Somma, Renato, Troise, Claudia, and De Natale, Giuseppe
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- 2017
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10. Quality of After-Sales Services in a Competitive Insurance Sector
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Fedele, Alessandro and Tedeschi, Piero
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- 2015
11. Corporate taxation and financial strategies under asymmetric information
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Cohen, Francesco, Fedele, Alessandro, and Panteghini, Paolo M.
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- 2016
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12. Complementarity, Coordination, and Credit
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Fedele, Alessandro and Mantovani, Andrea
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- 2008
13. FAILING FIRM DEFENCE WITH ENTRY DETERRENCE
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Fedele, Alessandro and Tognoni, Massimo
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Defense industry ,Restraint of trade ,Oligopolies ,Defense industry ,Business ,Business, general ,Business, international ,Economics - Abstract
To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.2009.00334.x Byline: Alessandro Fedele (*), Massimo Tognoni ([dagger]) Keywords: consumer surplus; entry deterrence; failing firm defence Abstract: ABSTRACT Under the principle of the failing firm defence a merger that would be blocked due to its harmful effect on competition could be nevertheless allowed when (i) the acquired firm is actually failing, (ii) there is no less anticompetitive alternative offer of purchase, (iii) absent the merger, the assets to be acquired would exit the market. We focus on potential anticompetitive effects of a myopic application of the requirement (iii) by studying consequences of a horizontal merger on entry in a Cournot oligopoly with a failing firm. Entry is deterred if the merger is cleared and, when the industry is highly concentrated, consumer welfare is higher under a prohibition because long-run gains due to augmented competition exceed short-run losses due to shortage of output. Author Affiliation: (*)Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Universita di Brescia, Italy ([dagger])Laboratory of Economics, Antitrust, and Regulation, Bruxelles, Belgium Article note: Correspondence: Alessandro Fedele, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Universita di Brescia, Italy. Tel: +39 0302 988827; Fax: +39 0302 988837; Email: fedele@eco.unibs.it. We thank Giacomo Calzolari, Vittoria Cerasi, Fabio Massimo Esposito, Massimo Ferrero, Lars Persson, Pierluigi Sabbatini, Carlo Scarpa and the seminar audience at CIE-ITAM, Mexico City, and ASSET 2005 for useful comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies.
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- 2010
14. 8 - The 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite eruption: new data on source area in the Campanian Plain
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Rolandi, Giuseppe, De Natale, Giuseppe, Kilburn, Christopher R.J., Troise, Claudia, Somma, Renato, Di Lascio, Massimo, Fedele, Alessandro, and Rolandi, Roberto
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- 2020
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15. Dangerous games: A literature review on cybersecurity investments.
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Fedele, Alessandro and Roner, Cristian
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COMPUTER networks ,INTERNET security ,COMPUTER systems ,LITERATURE reviews ,NETWORK PC (Computer) - Abstract
Cybersecurity has gained prominence in the decision‐making of firms. Due to the increasing occurrences of threats in the cyberspace, investments in cybersecurity have become critical to mitigate the operational disruption of businesses. This paper surveys the theoretical literature on the firms' incentives to invest in cybersecurity. A taxonomy of the existing contributions is provided to frame them in a common reference scheme and a model is developed to encompass such contributions and discuss their main findings. Papers that investigate the investment problem of an isolated firm are distinguished from those that consider interdependent firms. In turn, interdependent cybersecurity is analyzed in three different contexts: (i) firms that operate their business via a common computer network, but are not competitors in the product market; (ii) firms that are competitors in the product market, but run their business using non‐interconnected computer systems; (iii) firms that are competitors and rely on a common computer network. Finally, promising avenues for future research and policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Analysis of Sea Storm Events in the Mediterranean Sea: The Case Study of 28 December 2020 Sea Storm in the Gulf of Naples, Italy.
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Fortelli, Alberto, Fedele, Alessandro, De Natale, Giuseppe, Matano, Fabio, Sacchi, Marco, Troise, Claudia, and Somma, Renato
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The coastline of the Gulf of Naples, Italy, is characterized by a series of infrastructures of strategic importance, including touristic and commercial ports between Pozzuoli to Sorrento, main roads, railways, and urban areas. Furthermore, the Gulf of Naples hosts an intense traffic of touristic and commercial maritime routes. The risk associated with extreme marine events is hence very significant over this marine and coastal area. On 28 December 2020, the Gulf of Naples was hit by an extreme sea storm, with severe consequences. This study focuses on the waterfront area of Via Partenope, where the waves overrun the roadway, causing massive damage on coastal seawall, road edges, and touristic structures (primarily restaurants). Based on the analysis of the meteorological evolution of the sea storm and its effects on the waterfront, we suggest that reflective processes induced on the sea waves by the tuff cliffs at the base of Castel dell'Ovo had an impact in enhancing the local-scale waves magnitude. This caused in turn severe flooding of the roadway and produced widespread damage along the coast. The analysis of the event of 28 December 2020, also suggests the need of an effective mitigation policy in the management of coastal issues induced by extreme sea storm events. Wind-based analysis and prediction of the sea wave conditions are currently discussed in the literature; however, critical information on wave height is often missing or not sufficient for reliable forecasting. In order to improve our ability to forecast the effects of sea storm events on the coastline, it is necessary to analyze all the components of the coastal wave system, including wave diffraction and reflection phenomena and the tidal change. Our results suggest in fact that only an integrated approach to the analysis of all the physical and anthropic components of coastal system may provide a correct base of information for the stakeholders to address coastal zone planning and protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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17. Paying Politicians: Not Too Little, Not Too Much.
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Fedele, Alessandro and Giannoccolo, Pierpaolo
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WAGE increases ,POLITICIANS ,MUNICIPAL services ,PUBLIC goods - Abstract
How does pay affect the quality of politicians? This paper addresses the question by considering a three‐period citizen candidate model where potential candidates vary in skills and in public service motivation. First, potential candidates observe the level of pay in politics and simultaneously decide whether or not to run for office. Second, an election takes place and only one candidate is elected. Finally, the successful candidate provides a public good, while the others work in the market sector. In a benchmark model where potential candidates differ only in skills, the quality of the elected politician is shown to increase with pay. If public service motivation is also considered, then an inverted U‐shaped relationship is found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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18. A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop.
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Sacchi, Marco, De Natale, Giuseppe, Spiess, Volkhard, Steinmann, Lena, Acocella, Valerio, Corradino, Marta, de Silva, Shanaka, Fedele, Alessandro, Fedele, Lorenzo, Geshi, Nobuo, Kilburn, Christopher, Insinga, Donatella, Jurado, Maria-José, Molisso, Flavia, Petrosino, Paola, Passaro, Salvatore, Pepe, Fabrizio, Porfido, Sabina, Scarpati, Claudio, and Schmincke, Hans-Ulrich
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CALDERAS ,VOLCANIC eruptions ,SEDIMENTARY structures ,VOLCANOES ,VOLCANISM ,IGNIMBRITE - Abstract
Large calderas are among the Earth's major volcanic features. They are associated with large magma reservoirs and elevated geothermal gradients. Caldera-forming eruptions result from the withdrawal and collapse of the magma chambers and produce large-volume pyroclastic deposits and later-stage deformation related to post-caldera resurgence and volcanism. Unrest episodes are not always followed by an eruption; however, every eruption is preceded by unrest. The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), located along the eastern Tyrrhenian coastline in southern Italy, is close to the densely populated area of Naples. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes on Earth and represents a key example of an active, resurgent caldera. It has been traditionally interpreted as a nested caldera formed by collapses during the 100–200 km 3 Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption at ∼39 ka and the 40 km 3 eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) at ∼15 ka. Recent studies have suggested that the CI may instead have been fed by a fissure eruption from the Campanian Plain, north of Campi Flegrei. A MagellanPlus workshop was held in Naples, Italy, on 25–28 February 2017 to explore the potential of the CFc as target for an amphibious drilling project within the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) and the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). It was agreed that Campi Flegrei is an ideal site to investigate the mechanisms of caldera formation and associated post-caldera dynamics and to analyze the still poorly understood interplay between hydrothermal and magmatic processes. A coordinated onshore–offshore drilling strategy has been developed to reconstruct the structure and evolution of Campi Flegrei and to investigate volcanic precursors by examining (a) the succession of volcanic and hydrothermal products and related processes, (b) the inner structure of the caldera resurgence, (c) the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the hydrothermal system and offshore sediments, and (d) the geological expression of the phreatic and hydromagmatic eruptions, hydrothermal degassing, sedimentary structures, and other records of these phenomena. The deployment of a multiparametric in situ monitoring system at depth will enable near-real-time tracking of changes in the magma reservoir and hydrothermal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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19. Contributors
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Belkin, Harvey E., Bodnar, Robert J., Caccavale, Mauro, Cannatelli, Claudia, Carroll, Michael R., Corradino, Marta, Costanzo, Maria Rosaria, Natale, Giuseppe De, De Vivo, Benedetto, Di Lascio, Massimo, Esposito, Rosario, Esposito, Giuseppe, Fedele, Alessandro, Fowler, Sarah Jane, Gidwitz, Tom, Kilburn, Christopher R.J., Lima, Annamaria, Macchiavelli, Chiara, Matano, Fabio, Milia, Alfonsa, Molisso, Flavia, Moretti, Roberto, Nunziata, Concettina, Panza, Giuliano Francesco, Passaro, Salvatore, Peccerillo, Angelo, Penza, Giulia, Pepe, Fabrizio, Pierantoni, Pietro Paolo, Rolandi, Giuseppe, Rolandi, Roberto, Ruberti, Daniela, Sacchi, Marco, Schettino, Antonio, Somma, Renato, Spera, Frank J., Spiess, Volkhard, Stabile, Paola, Steinmann, Lena, Tamburrino, Stella, Torrente, Maurizio M., Troise, Claudia, Turco, Eugenio, Vallefuoco, Mattia, Ventura, Guido, and Vigliotti, Marco
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- 2020
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20. Continuous gas sampling and analysis at the Pisciarelli fumarolic field (Campi Flegrei) by using a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS)
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Fedele, Alessandro, Pedone, Maria, Moretti, Roberto, Somma, Renato, Wiersberg, Thomas, Troise, Claudia, and De Natale, Giuseppe
- Abstract
Volcanic monitoring has as main goal the identification of typical phenomena of impending-eruption precursors. Therefore, recording a large amount of data of volcanic gases composition, during the quiescence period, is fundamental in order to identify baseline values to be distinguished from any anomalous geochemical signal. The gases emitted by most of the volcanoes are difficult to be sampled especially when the volcano is restless. Volcanic gases have traditionally been monitored by means of direct in situ sampling of fumaroles, followed by laboratory analysis [e.g., Symonds et al., 1994]. However, since direct sampling is often impractical and hazardous, particularly during eruptions, or of too low temporal resolution, efforts have been made (since the 1970s) to improve volcanological applications of optical remote sensing techniques [Pedone et al., 2014; and references therein]. Soil-gas surveys of hydrothermal volcanoes in a quiescent condition have also quantified diffuse CO2 emissions, but much less information has been obtained on fumarolic CO2 emissions. Because of these difficulties, the volcanic CO2 flux (the most reliable gas precursor to an eruption, [Aiuppa et al., 2015]) inventory remains sparse and incomplete for most of the active volcanoes on Earth [Burton et al., 2013]. Collection of fumarole gases is – depending on the state of volcanic activity, for logistics and other practical reasons – mostly performed discontinuously with time intervals ranging from days, weeks or even months between consecutive sample collections [Pecoraino and Giammanco, 2005]. Conventional sampling requires that operators collect fluid samples directly from the fumarolic vent in different kind of flasks directly on site. By this way any short-term variation in gasgeochemical parameters may be missed.
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- 2016
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21. Sr isotope analysis of water samples at the Radiogenic Isotope Laboratory of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano (INGV-OV)
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Arienzo, Ilenia, Fedele, Alessandro, Capuozzo, Barbara, Tamburrino, Stella, Liotta, Marcello, and Somma, Renato
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Since 2000, a Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (Thermo ScientificTM Triton TI® Mass Spectrometer) and a clean laboratory are operating at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione di Napoli, Osservatorio Vesuviano (OV) to measure strontium (Sr) and neodymium (Nd) isotope compositions of volcanic products for scientific purposes. In 2014 particular attention has been dedicated to set up the analytical procedure for extracting Sr and Nd and measuring their isotope compositions from groundwater and mineral water, due to its growing interest on environmental topics. Strontium is considered a trace element and Sr2+ preferentially substitutes for Ca2+ in most rock types since it geochemically behaves like calcium. Groundwater is enriched in Sr during water-rock interaction processes occurring within the saturated and/or unsaturated zones. Conversely, Sr is removed from water as a result of mineral precipitation and ion exchange reactions. The most common removal process is the coprecipitation of Sr2+ ions with calcium carbonate. However, this latter process does not fractionate Sr2+ [Faure and Powell, 1972]. Therefore, the Sr isotopic composition of groundwater records an integrated signal of water-rock interaction along flow path and dissolution/precipitation events, and can be used as a dynamic tracer to constrain subsurface flow in volcanic, non volcanic and geothermal areas. Water is a natural resource, which is renewed by different processes. The aforementioned geochemical processes and reactions with dissolving/precipitating minerals have a profound effect on water quality. Since the 1990s, Sr isotopes have been extensively used as a natural tracer of groundwater flow [Peterman and Stuckless, 1992; Bullen et al., 1996; Johnson and De Paolo, 1994; McNutt et al., 1990; McNutt, 2000; Frost et al., 2002; Gosselin et al., 2004; Klaus et al., 2007] because groundwater progressively acquires the 87Sr /86Sr isotopic ratio from the rocks with which it has interacted [Prasanna et al. 2009]. Furthermore, variable Sr isotope ratios and concentrations characterize different groundwater sources and are tracers of groundwater mixing [eg. Carucci et al., 2012]. In this work we present the first results obtained by analyzing the Sr isotope composition of two mineral waters, selected groundwater samples from Mt. Etna and a certified water sample from North America (National Research Council Canada - NRC, Certified Reference Materials - CRM TM-25.4). On the contrary, the Nd isotope ratios of such water samples have been not measured due to the low Nd content of the investigated samples. A statistically representative data set on certified international standards (NIST SRM 987, La Jolla and JNdi-1) was used to evaluate the quality of the analytical data produced at the INGVOV Radiogenic Isotope Laboratory since 2014. This methodological approach will allow us to isotopically characterize different water systems with the aim to trace back the water-rock interaction and mixing processes in different environments. This analytical procedure could be exported to other geological contests and applied to other types of waters (e.g. surface and thermal water).
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- 2016
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22. Corporate Taxation and Financial Strategies Under Asymmetric Information
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Cohen, Francesco, Fedele, Alessandro, and Panteghini, Paolo
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D82 ,capital structure ,asymmetric information ,ddc:330 ,H20 ,corporate taxation - Abstract
In this article we study the corporate tax effects on credit market equilibria. In particular, we develop a model that accounts for five pieces of evidence: i) the existence of a tax incentive to borrow, ii) the negative relationship between leverage and profitability, iii) the existence of asymmetric information in credit markets, iv) the screening activity of lenders and v) the business cycle effects on the spread between the high-yield and the investment-grade interest rates on corporate loans. Assuming the existence of two types of firms, we show that either a separating or a pooling credit market equilibrium can arise. More importantly, the equilibrium is crucially affected by corporate taxation. Given these results, we also provide a welfare analysis and discuss corporate tax policy implications.
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- 2014
23. Credit Availability in the Crisis: which Role for Public Financial Institutions?
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FEDELE, ALESSANDRO, MANTOVANI, ANDREA, A. Fedele, and A. Mantovani
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Crisis, Credit crunch, Moral hazard, Public financial institutions, Competition, Monitoring - Abstract
In this paper we develop a moral hazard model to investigate whether and how public financial institutions can mitigate a credit crunch problem caused by the financial crisis. Public institutions provide instruments that work to reduce the financial capital cost of private banks. This facilitates the access to credit, but may induce borrowers to invest in bad projects. We find that stimulating competition among banks is welfare-enhancing in that it disciplines borrowers. Alternatively, a concentrated banking sector can increase welfare through monitoring, provided that public intervention in the form of credit guarantees does not undermine the incentive to monitor.
- Published
- 2014
24. Moneycracy
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Fedele, Alessandro and Giannoccolo, Pierpaolo
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SECS-P/02 Politica economica ,Politicians' remuneration ,Skills ,Motivation ,Moneycracy ,Quaderni - Working Paper DSE ,J32 ,J45 ,ddc:330 ,J24 ,P16 - Abstract
How do wage and other financial benefits affect the set of candidates for political office? In this theoretical paper, we answer the question by studying self-selection into politics of individuals with heterogeneous skills and heterogeneous motivations. Our predictions are in line with the efficiency wage results proposed by the extant literature when a benchmark model with skills as the sole relevant characteristic of individuals is considered. Welfare is increasing in the politicians'wage since the best, i.e., high-skilled, individuals are attracted to politics only if their remuneration covers their high opportunity costs. Our findings are remarkably different when motivation is also taken into account. Welfare is not likely to be maximized when the politicians'wage is relatively high, for high-skilled individuals with market-oriented rather than public-spirited motivation are attracted. Finally, we provide an overview of the labor market of politicians in Europe and suggest that the Italian Parliament might be representative of our inefficiency wage mechanism, which we call moneycracy.
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- 2013
25. Moonlighting Politicians: Motivation Matters!
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Fedele, Alessandro and Naticchioni, Paolo
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moonlighting politicians ,motivation ,J32 ,J45 ,ddc:330 ,J24 ,P16 - Abstract
In this paper we study optimal choices of self-selection into politics and commitment once in office on the part of citizens with heterogeneous abilities and heterogeneous motivations. Politicians can moonlight, i.e., they can work in the market sector while appointed in parliament. Our theoretical framework shows that high-ability citizens may enter politics. Yet while high-ability non-motivated (market-fit) politicians are likely to shirk, high-ability motivated (public-fit) ones are more committed to parliamentary activity. We test our predictions by using a unique database of Italian parliamentarians for the period 1996-2006. We find evidence of advantageous selection of the market-fit and the public-fit politicians in that they both display a pre-election income greater than that of the Italian population. We also show that the commitment of the market-fit parliamentarians in terms of voting attendance is negatively affected by income opportunities, whilst this is not the case for the public-fit ones.
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- 2013
26. Reducing Credit Rationing for SMEs in Times of Crisis: the Case of the European Investment Bank Group
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FEDELE, ALESSANDRO, MANTOVANI, ANDREA, F. Liucci, A. Fedele, A. Mantovani, and F. Liucci
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EIBG ,SMEs ,credit rationing - Abstract
In this paper we consider a credit rationing problem between a bank and a creditworthy firm. We then determine whether and how the intervention of an external financial institution can facilitate the access to credit. In particular, we focus on the European Investment Bank Group (EIBG), which provides (i) specific credit lines to help banks that finance small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and (ii) guarantees for portfolios of SMEs’ loans. We show that especially during crises an appropriate EIBG’s intervention allows to reduce credit rationing.
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- 2013
27. Well-paid nurses are good nurses.
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Fedele, Alessandro
- Abstract
Some recent articles suggest that increasing wage in the nursing market with the aim of reducing shortage can negatively impact on the average ability and motivation of applicants attracted and, in turn, on the average quality of care. This finding is at odds with empirical evidence and has been criticized on the grounds that nurses' motivation is modeled in an overly simplistic way. This paper provides a novel theoretical framework where the orientation of nurses' motivation-intrinsic versus extrinsic-is taken into account, and the precise distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is delineated on the basis of self-determination and person-environment fit theories. Conditions are derived under which high wages attract able and motivated individuals, thus maximizing the average quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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28. Reputation and Competition with Social Convention
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Fedele, Alessandro and Tedeschi, Piero
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quality ,social convention ,Settore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA ,Reputation ,insurance - Published
- 2011
29. Optimal Investment and Financial Strategies under Tax Rate Uncertainty
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Fedele, Alessandro, Panteghini, Paolo M., and Vergalli, Sergio
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default risk ,real options ,Zeit ,Realoption ,H25 ,Betriebliche Investitionspolitik ,Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit ,H2 ,ddc:330 ,capital levy ,Kapitalstruktur ,Unternehmensbesteuerung ,corporate taxation ,Theorie - Abstract
In this paper we apply a real-option model to study the effects of tax rate uncertainty on a firm's decisions. In doing so, we depart from the relevant literature, which focuses on fully equity-financed investment projects. By letting a representative firm borrow optimally, we show that debt finance not only encourages investment activities but can also substantially mitigate the effect of tax rate uncertainty on investment timing.
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- 2010
30. Quality and Reputation: Is Competition Beneficial to Consumers
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Tedeschi, Piero and Fedele, Alessandro
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quality ,reputation ,Settore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA ,insurance - Published
- 2010
31. Social enterprises capital structure: the case of social and health services in Italy
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Fedele, Alessandro and Miniaci, Raffaele
- Published
- 2009
32. Moral hazard in financial markets : Inefficient equilibria and monetary policies
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Fedele, Alessandro, UCL - ESPO/ECON - Département des sciences économiques, and UCL - CORE - Center for Operations Research and Econometrics
- Subjects
Monitoring ,Moral hazard ,Monetary policies ,Bank lending channel - Abstract
This paper presents a moral hazard model of financing in which borrowers adopt two modes of finance, either issuing bonds or applying for bank loans. The bond rate is set by the borrowers, while the loan rate is chosen by a monopolistic bank. Bank finance ameliorates the moral hazard problem by monitoring borrowers. Monetary interventions, which affect real economy through the bank lending channel, are justified on the basis of welfare considerations. When the informational problem is not severe, monitoring is wasteful and welfare is enhanced through a monetary tightening. When the moral hazard problem is severe, monitoring is useful and welfare is increased by a monetary expansion.
- Published
- 2005
33. IN MEDIO STAT VIRTUS: DOES A MIXED ECONOMY INCREASE WELFARE?
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FEDELE, Alessandro and DEPEDRI, Sara
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CAPITALISM ,MIXED economy ,SOCIAL services ,WELFARE economics ,SOCIAL enterprises - Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past few decades, social enterprises have grown remarkably. This paper investigates how social enterprises affect access to social services (e.g., education and health-care) and utilitarian welfare. To this end, two economic systems are compared: a market economy system, where all firms are profit maximizers, and a mixed economy system, where both for-profit businesses and social enterprises are present. Findings show that individuals are more likely to have access to social services within mixed economy. Moreover, conditions are derived under which utilitarian welfare is larger within mixed economy. Public policies in support of social enterprises (e.g., subsidies) are shown to result in the following trade-off: access to social services is further enhanced but utilitarian welfare is more likely to be lower than that within market economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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34. Moonlighting Politicians: Motivation Matters!
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Fedele, Alessandro and Naticchioni, Paolo
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POLITICIANS ,SUPPLEMENTARY employment ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,LEGISLATIVE bodies ,ECONOMIC opportunities ,VOTING - Abstract
We study self-selection into politics and effort once in office of citizens with different abilities and motivations in a framework where moonlighting is allowed. We find that high-ability motivated (public-fit) politicians exert higher effort in politics than high-ability non-motivated (market-fit) politicians, and that high-ability citizens, both public-fit and market-fit, may decide to enter politics. We test our predictions using a database of Italian parliamentarians for the period 1996-2006. We find evidence of advantageous selection of both market-fit and public-fit parliamentarians. We also show that public-fit parliamentarians have higher voting attendance and that only voting attendance of market-fit parliamentarians is negatively affected by income opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Quality of After-Sales Services in a Competitive Insurance Sector†.
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Fedele, Alessandro and Tedeschi, Piero
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ECONOMIC competition ,INSURANCE companies ,QUALITY of service ,DYNAMIC models ,ECONOMIC equilibrium ,CONSUMER protection - Abstract
This paper tackles the issue of unverifiable quality of after-sales insurance services, such as a prompt reimbursement of damages. A dynamic model is introduced in order to allow reputation to emerge as a means of disciplining insurance firms to deliver high quality. The equilibrium of a repeated Bertrand game among the insurers is analysed and conditions are derived under which more concentration in the insurance industry can lead to greater equilibrium consumer welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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36. Reputation and Competition in a Hidden Action Model.
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Fedele, Alessandro and Tedeschi, Piero
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- *
ECONOMIC competition , *REPUTATION , *CONSUMER attitudes , *CONSUMER behavior , *PRODUCT quality - Abstract
The economics models of reputation and quality in markets can be classified in three categories. (i) Pure hidden action, where only one type of seller is present who can provide goods of different quality. (ii) Pure hidden information, where sellers of different types have no control over product quality. (iii) Mixed frameworks, which include both hidden action and hidden information. In this paper we develop a pure hidden action model of reputation and Bertrand competition, where consumers and firms interact repeatedly in a market with free entry. The price of the good produced by the firms is contractible, whilst the quality is noncontractible, hence it is promised by the firms when a contract is signed. Consumers infer future quality from all available information, i.e., both from what they know about past quality and from current prices. According to early contributions, competition should make reputation unable to induce the production of high-quality goods. We provide a simple solution to this problem by showing that high quality levels are sustained as an outcome of a stationary symmetric equilibrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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37. Optimal Investment and Financial Strategies under Tax-Rate Uncertainty.
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Fedele, Alessandro, Panteghini, Paolo M., and Vergalli, Sergio
- Subjects
INVESTMENTS ,TAX rates ,REAL options (Finance) ,UNCERTAINTY (Information theory) ,BUSINESS planning ,FINANCE ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
. In this paper, we apply a real-option model to study the effects of tax-rate uncertainty on a firm's decision. In doing so, we depart from the relevant literature, which focuses on fully equity-financed investment projects. By letting a representative firm borrow optimally, we show that debt finance not only encourages investment activities but can also substantially mitigate the effect of tax-rate uncertainty on investment timing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Do Social Enterprises Finance Their Investments Differently from For-profit Firms? The Case of Social Residential Services in Italy.
- Author
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Fedele, Alessandro and Miniaci, Raffaele
- Subjects
MONEYLENDERS ,FINANCIAL institutions ,MORAL hazard ,CAPITAL structure ,SOCIAL entrepreneurship ,INVESTMENTS ,FINANCIAL statements ,NONPROFIT organizations - Abstract
We develop a theoretical framework, based on a moneylender-firm relationship with moral hazard, to investigate whether enterprise capital structure differs between for-profit and nonprofit sectors. The nondistribution constraint of the nonprofit organizations increases the fraction of own capital on total investment: according to our theoretical predictions, this reduces leverage, defined as the amount borrowed over the total investment. By contrast, the intrinsically high commitment of nonprofit entrepreneurs weakens the moral hazard problem: this augments leverage. We then analyze a longitudinal data set of balance sheets of 504 firms operating in the social residential sector in Italy. Our empirical analysis shows that once controlled for observable characteristics, for-profit companies have a leverage 6% higher than nonprofit enterprises, even if the latter face lower credit costs. We explain this finding by arguing that the effect of the nondistribution constraint prevails over the effect of the social entrepreneurs' intrinsic motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Profit-maximizing behaviour replaces social sanctions in urban microcredit markets The case of Italian MAGs.
- Author
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Calidoni, Federica and Fedele, Alessandro
- Subjects
MICROFINANCE ,COLLATERAL security ,RURAL development ,REPAYMENTS - Abstract
Poor local information networks and weak social sanctions in urban settings make joint liability unable to guarantee high repayment rates to microlenders. Yet, microcredit programmes in Western Europe report good performance even if the majority of them require no collateral. We collected data from three Italian microcredit institutions which operate in urban areas, granting individual loans without collateral to single entrepreneurs and teams (associations and cooperatives). We found that teams repay with higher probability. On this basis we developed a microlending instrument which, like joint liability implemented in rural economies, mitigates informational problems but, unlike joint liability, fits the urban context in that it reproduces a cohesion among entrepreneurs based on profit-maximizing behaviour and not on social capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Review of Recent Drilling Projects in Unconventional Geothermal Resources at Campi Flegrei Caldera, Cornubian Batholith, and Williston Sedimentary Basin.
- Author
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Somma, Renato, Blessent, Daniela, Raymond, Jasmin, Constance, Madeline, Cotton, Lucy, Natale, Giuseppe De, Fedele, Alessandro, Jurado, Maria Jose, Marcia, Kirsten, Miranda, Mafalda, Troise, Claudia, and Wiersberg, Thomas
- Subjects
GEOTHERMAL resources ,SEDIMENTARY basins ,CALDERAS ,BATHOLITHS ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,ENERGY development - Abstract
Unconventional geothermal resource development can contribute to increase power generation from renewable energy sources in countries without conventional hydrothermal reservoirs, which are usually associated with magmatic activity and extensional faulting, as well as to expand the generation in those regions where conventional resources are already used. Three recent drilling experiences focused on the characterization of unconventional resources are described and compared: the Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project (CFDDP) in Italy, the United Downs Deep Geothermal Power (UDDGP) project in the United Kingdom, and the DEEP Earth Energy Production in Canada. The main aspects of each project are described (geology, drilling, data collection, communication strategies) and compared to discuss challenges encountered at the tree sites considered, including a scientific drilling project (CFDDP) and two industrial ones (UDDGP and DEEP). The first project, at the first stage of pilot hole, although not reaching deep supercritical targets, showed extremely high, very rare thermal gradients even at shallow depths. Although each project has its own history, as well as social and economic context, the lessons learned at each drilling site can be used to further facilitate geothermal energy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Are More Stakeholder-Oriented Firms Less Indebted?
- Author
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Fedele, Alessandro and Miniaci, Raffaele
- Subjects
STAKEHOLDER analysis ,DEBT ,NONPROFIT organizations ,INVESTORS ,SOCIAL security - Abstract
This paper studies whether and how the corporate capital structure differs between for-profit firms and nonprofit enterprises that belong to the same industry. There exist at least two aspects that differentiate for-profits from nonprofits and can crucially affect their capital structure. The first aspect is the stakeholder-oriented governance system of nonprofit organizations, according to which the managerial objectives incorporate the welfare of stakeholders other than investors, encompassing employees, customers, suppliers, or the community. The second aspect is the nondistribution-of-profit constraint, which prevents any nonprofit institution from distributing net earnings to individuals who exercise control over it, such as members, officers, directors, or trustees. To address our research question, the first part of the paper develops a theoretical framework where firms supply a service and maximize an objective function given by a combination between two different goals: profits, on one hand, and welfare of service recipients, on the other hand. The larger the weight firms put on the latter goal, the higher their orientation towards service recipients, referred to as stakeholder orientation. Firms can be either subject or not to a nondistribution constraint and partially rely on external funds to finance service provision; we define firms' leverage as the amount borrowed over the total investment in service provision. We demonstrate that firms' leverage is positively affected by their stakeholder orientation and negatively by the nondistribution constraint. The intuition for the first result is as follows. More stakeholder-oriented firms reduce the price of service to make service recipients better off. This yields a twofold effect: profits shrink and so does the amount of firms' cash holding, on one hand; the cost of service provision augments due to larger demand, on the other hand. As a result, firms with higher stakeholder orientation have to rely increasingly on external funding: their leverage is larger. This finding suggests that, ceteris paribus, nonprofit enterprises, who care more about service recipients' welfare than for-profits, should exhibit a higher leverage. The impact of the nondistribution constraint on the leverage is straightforward; by increasing the amount of firms' cash holding, such constraint reduce their need for external funding. This result implies that, ceteris paribus, nonprofit enterprises should exhibit a lower leverage because, unlike for-profits, they are subject to the nondistribution constraint. The second part of the paper empirically investigates whether the positive effect of the stakeholder orientation on nonprofit enterprises' debt ratios prevails on the negative impact of the nondistribution constraint, or vice versa. To this aim, we rely on a longitudinal data set of balance sheets of 7,488 companies, mainly for-profit firms and social cooperatives, operating in the Italian care sector in the 2005 - 2013 period. This market is an interesting case study because it is one of the few industries where for-profits and nonprofit enterprises coexist, supplying comparable services and covering similar market shares. Moreover, the fact that both types of enterprises are subject to the same accounting and disclosure rules ensures the comparability of their financial statements. Our regression analysis shows that, ceteris paribus, the leverage of mature nonprofit enterprises is 8% to 14% lower than that of for-profit companies. Relying on our theoretical model, we explain this finding by arguing that the negative effect of the nondistribution constraint on leverage dominates the positive impact of the stakeholder orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
42. Time-Lapse Landform Monitoring in the Pisciarelli (Campi Flegrei-Italy) Fumarole Field Using UAV Photogrammetry.
- Author
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Fedele, Alessandro, Somma, Renato, Troise, Claudia, Holmberg, Karen, De Natale, Giuseppe, and Matano, Fabio
- Subjects
- *
DIGITAL photogrammetry , *PHOTOGRAMMETRY , *VOLCANIC craters , *DRONE aircraft , *POINT cloud , *GEOMORPHOLOGY - Abstract
The utility of new imaging technologies to better understand hazardous geological environments cannot be overstated. The combined use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and digital photogrammetry (DP) represents a rapidly evolving technique that permits geoscientists to obtain detailed spatial data. This can aid in rapid mapping and analyses of dynamic processes that are modifying contemporary landscapes, particularly through the creation of a time series of digital data to help monitor the geomorphological evolution of volcanic structures. Our study comprises a short-term (in geological terms) monitoring program of the dynamic and diffuse Pisciarelli degassing structure caused by the interplay between intensive rainfall and hydrothermal activity. This area, an unstable fumarole field located several hundred meters east of the Solfatara Crater of the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy), is characterized by consistent soil degassing, fluid emission from ephemeral vents, and hot mud pools. This degassing activity is episodically accompanied by seismic swarms and macroscopic morphology changes such as the appearance of vigorously degassing vents, collapsing landslides, and bubbling mud. In late-2019 and 2020, we performed repeated photogrammetric UAV surveys using the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. This approach allowed us to create dense 3D point clouds and digital orthophotos spanning one year of surveys. The results highlight the benefits of photogrammetry data using UAV for the accurate remote monitoring and mapping of active volcanoes and craters in harsh and dangerous environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Long-Term Monitoring with Fiber Optics Distributed Temperature Sensing at Campi Flegrei: The Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project.
- Author
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Somma, Renato, Troise, Claudia, Zeni, Luigi, Minardo, Aldo, Fedele, Alessandro, Mirabile, Maurizio, and De Natale, Giuseppe
- Subjects
FIBER optics ,TEMPERATURE distribution ,TEMPERATURE detectors ,VOLCANOLOGICAL research - Abstract
Monitoring volcanic phenomena is a key question, for both volcanological research and for civil protection purposes. This is particularly true in densely populated volcanic areas, like the Campi Flegrei caldera, which includes part of the large city of Naples (Italy). Borehole monitoring of volcanoes is the most promising way to improve classical methods of surface monitoring, although not commonly applied yet. Fiber optics technology is the most practical and suitable way to operate in such high temperature and aggressive environmental conditions. In this paper, we describe a fiber optics Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) sensor, which has been designed to continuously measure temperature all along a 500 m. deep well drilled in the west side of Naples (Bagnoli area), lying in the Campi Flegrei volcanic area. It has then been installed as part of the international 'Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project', and is continuously operating, giving insight on the time variation of temperature along the whole borehole depth. Such continuous monitoring of temperature can in turn indicate volcanic processes linked to magma dynamics and/or to changes in the hydrothermal system. The developed monitoring system, working at bottom temperatures higher than 100 °C, demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of using DTS for borehole volcanic monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Monitoring of hydrothermal gases at the Campi Flegrei caldera (South Italy): geochemical evidences from the pilot hole of CF Drilling Project.
- Author
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Fedele, Alessandro, Somma, Renato, Wiersberg, Thomas, Pedone, Maria, Troise, Claudia, and De Natale, Giuseppe
- Subjects
- *
CALDERAS , *GASES , *EVIDENCE , *VOLCANOLOGY - Published
- 2018
45. Refined CO2 fluxes from Campi Flegrei using an enhanced dispersion modelling approach.
- Author
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Pedone, Maria, Granieri, Domenico, Moretti, Roberto, Fedele, Alessandro, Troise, Claudia, Somma, Renato, and De Natale, Giuseppe
- Published
- 2018
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