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IMPACT: This article presents a tool to assess levels of financial information (FI) use by politicians—the FIU Index. The index provides a multidimensional perspective, whereby items of information used are combined with the main types of meetings where FI is discussed (annual budgets and accounts), and also with members of political bodies (local council, parliament, executive, government, political committee, etc.) in which FI is used. Entities may be ranked as below or above the average of those considered for the analysis each year. The FIU Index evidences the need for improvement, so that politicians can make the best use of FI to improve decision-making and dialogue with various stakeholders. The importance of making financial information (FI) available to politicians is well recognized. However, despite the recent attention by scholars to the use of FI in political contexts and by politicians, empirical research has failed to produce accurate tools to assess the degree to which politicians make use of FI. This exploratory study proposes a new tool to analyse levels of FI use—the FIU Index. The level of use is assessed by the number of times an FI term is mentioned by politicians. A test case using the new index in Portuguese municipalities illustrates its potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investors expect internal control reports to improve disclosed information credibility by demonstrating effective risk management, compliance, and transparency. Investment culture influences these expectations by shaping risk perception, emphasizing long-term stability, and setting standards for corporate governance. Thus, investment culture emphasizes robust internal control to enable a more thorough evaluation of investment opportunities. This study examines the relationship between internal control reporting and investor perception of disclosure credibility mediated by investor culture. The survey approach involved 166 respondents from 57 Jordanian brokerage firms. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used for analysis. The results showed that investor perception of disclosure credibility was influenced by internal control reporting as PV 0.000 and that investor culture positively mediated between the two variables as PV 0.000. Investors thus rely on internal control reporting to ensure the credibility of disclosure and aid their investment decisions. This study provides foundational knowledge to policymakers to design successful internal control reporting policies and support systems. Acknowledgment I’m indebted to the University of Tabuk – KSA for the support of this article.

While financial literacy is crucial in improving the population's financial well-being, its effectiveness can be enhanced by exposure to financial information. This paper investigates the nexus between financial literacy, financial information consumption, and financial well-being in rural Ghana, framed within the perspectives of prospect theory and resource dependency theory. The study employed cross-sectional data from a survey of 663 rural households using simple random and cluster sampling with reflective-reflective constructs. The data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings reveal that financial literacy and financial information consumption significantly enhance financial well-being among rural households in Ghana. Financial literacy also promotes financial information consumption. Notably, financial literacy's impact on financial well-being is stronger when mediated by the consumption of financial information. These findings underscore the importance of improving financial literacy and information access to uplift financial well-being in rural areas. Moreover, the study highlights that financial literacy education is crucial as it plays a mediating role; recipients of financial education experience a more substantial impact. Such findings emphasise the importance of acquiring financial knowledge and effectively processing financial information to achieve financial prosperity, particularly in rural areas. These findings should motivate individuals, especially those in rural areas, to process financial information successfully rather than merely acquiring financial knowledge to attain financial prosperity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to provide a model for predicting time series of financial information based on the Lyapunov representation of information using chaos theory.Method: This research is applied in its purpose, which is conducted using a quantitative approach. The research ranks as descriptive-causal accounting research based on actual information in companies' financial statements. The research method is the "post-event" type and was carried out using chaos theory and Saida's method based on the Lyapunov view.Findings: The findings showed that during the ADF test, the null hypothesis was rejected at a level of less than 5% type 1 error and 95% confidence, and it shows that the data is not static. During the substitution analysis test and its significance level, the behavior of the time series of the main financial information is significantly different compared to their substitutes. The obtained value was calculated to describe the production process of all data sets for μ = 2, ApEnMax equal to 0.65 and rMax equal to 0.32, and for μ = 3, ApEnMax equal to 0.6 and rMax equal to 0.44. The value of the Lyapunov profile in stability at a certain point is less than zero and in the limited cycle of stability is equal to zero and in chaos, it is greater than zero and smaller than ∞, and in noise it is equal to ∞.Conclusion: The results show that higher returns, encourage investors to invest and increase the flow of capital. It is believed that companies' stock returns are a function of systematic risk, and systematic risk represents the changes in the return rate of a share compared to the changes in the return rate of the entire stock market.

Accounting information provides the financial state, performance, cash flow, and notes to the enterprise’s financial statements. Information quality plays an essential role for stakeholders in making business decisions. The study examines the impact of government policy and the controller’s connection with relevant parties on the information quality of Vietnamese audit firms in the context of COVID-19. The surveyed subjects include 347 controllers of audit firms in Vietnam. The paper uses quantitative methods, specifically the exploratory factor analysis method, and the ordinary least squares are used to test the model’s hypotheses. Agency and stakeholder theories are used to explain the basis of the study’s theory. The results show that the government policy and the controller’s connection with relevant parties positively affect the information quality of Vietnamese audit firms. The level of correlation between factors is appropriate, between 0.126 and 0.618. Government policy is one of the most influential factors in information quality (0.412). Relevant parties include audit firms, relatives, and the community, and the level of connection between the controller and relatives and the community (0.298) is better than that of audit firms (0.183). The study proposes policies to connect controllers and relevant parties in cooperation and mutual support to ensure strict control activities and improve the information quality of Vietnamese audit firms.

Financial literacy (FL) is an important ability needed by any individual to understand, evaluate, and communicate business and financial information. Having accurate financial information increases one's competency to be financial literate. It is regarded as a common and basic life skill that libraries can develop for their users. Using purposive sampling, this study ponders into the status and challenges of eight public city libraries in the Philippines in terms of providing FL education and how they can potentially share a role in developing the economy of a country. Public libraries' readiness to serve their users can be observed in terms of their collection, web presence, services, and programs. The level of financial knowledge and competencies of city librarians were also assessed. A look into the available professional development programs for public librarians in business and finance librarianship was reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the varying levels of financial and non-financial information disclosure among firms in the European Union, specifically focusing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (FSE) and Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE). The research uses comprehensive datasets to evaluate the extent and quality of disclosures, assessing their compliance with EU directives and international standards. The analysis incorporates a quantitative method to provide a nuanced understanding of disclosure practices. Key findings highlight significant disparities in disclosure levels between FSEs and BSEs, driven by differences in regulatory environments, market pressures, and organizational characteristics. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and corporate managers to enhance transparency and promote uniform disclosure standards across the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We know that the analysis of financial statement helps the analyst to know the financial information from the financial data contained in the financial statements and to assess the financial health (i.e. strength or weakness) of an enterprise. It also helps to make a forecast for the future which helps us to prepare budgets and estimates. In short, analysis of financial statements helps us to take various decisions at various places of a firm. It helps us to know the reasons for relative changes--either in profitability or in the financial position as a whole. It also help to know both the short-term liquidity position vis-a-vis working capital position; as also the long-term liquidity and solvency position of a firm. It also highlights the operating efficiency and the present profit-earning capacity of the firm as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to analyze how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the determinants and predictability of the domestic credit rating issued by Fitch Ratings in Argentina. Additionally, it aims to evaluate the effects of credit rating agencies using the through-the-cycle method. Given the subjective nature of credit rating categorization, researchers have developed models for explaining and predicting credit ratings. This subjectivity is significant during economic events. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether the factors that determine and predict credit ratings remained consistent before and during the COVID-19 crisis. This paper contributes significantly to understanding how the application of the through-the-cycle method affects the determinants and predictability of credit ratings in economic crises. The application of the through-the-cycle method by credit rating agencies as a criterion during the COVID-19 crisis resulted in a breakdown of the usual correlation between determinants and credit rating. Understanding whether variables are permanent or transitory components is crucial for investors and borrowers to anticipate credit rating changes during economic downturns. The dependent variables are the long-term domestic credit rating categories. The independent variables are derived from the Fitch Ratings credit rating methodology and the literature, which includes quantitative and qualitative variables. The statistical methods used are ordinal logistic regression, generalized ordinal logistic regression, and support vector machines. The COVID-19 crisis was considered a transitory event due to the application of the through-the-cycle approach by rating agencies. During the pandemic, specific determinants of credit ratings are not considered due to their transitory nature. The study identifies interest coverage ratio and competitive position as transitory components. This approach led to less predictability but a more stable credit rating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the role of financial information in shaping the intention to adopt (ITA) Residential Rooftop Photovoltaic (RPV) systems in Israel—a country with a surprisingly low RPV adoption rate given the high solar irradiance, and significant governmental support for RPV. We used an online survey of 899 respondents to examine how different presentations of RPV revenues impact both RPV deal comprehension and ITA. Our results align with existing literature on the roles of early technology adopters and pro-environmental characteristics while introducing two novel findings. First, households value their roofs—especially flat ones used for leisure. This negatively impacts ITA. Second, we found a positive correlation between trust in government entities and ITA, underscoring the importance of trust in institutions. Although financial information does enhance RPV deal comprehension, it does not significantly influence ITA. This study concludes that RPV penetration should not be promoted solely by financial incentives, but also by other motivations like environmental concerns, novelty seeking, and improved institutional trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine whether financial information, business location, funding objectives and advertising content as intervening variables can help the success of funding through 10 crowdfunding platforms registered with OJK. This study used signalling theory in discussing equity crowdfunding platforms, which can be assumed by small investors as a signal of business quality and can convince investors to invest, thus reducing the problem of information asymmetry. The research method used in this study was descriptive quantitative with the analytical model used to test the hypothesis was the logistic regression analysis model. The population of this study consisted of companies seeking funding through crowdfunding platforms registered with OJK Indonesia. The research was conducted in 2023. The data used in this study was secondary data obtained from published crowdfunding platform data. A purposive sampling technique was used to determine the research sample. The results of this study are expected to provide information to funding project owners and investors to be used as a guide in making decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the determinants and predictability of the domestic credit rating issued by Fitch Ratings in Argentina. Additionally, it aims to evaluate the effects of credit rating agencies using the through-the-cycle method. Given the subjective nature of credit rating categorization, researchers have developed models for explaining and predicting credit ratings. This subjectivity is significant during economic events. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether the factors that determine and predict credit ratings remained consistent before and during the COVID-19 crisis. This paper contributes significantly to understanding how the application of the through-the-cycle method affects the determinants and predictability of credit ratings in economic crises. Theapplication of the through-the-cycle method by credit rating agencies as a criterion during the COVID-19 crisis resulted in a breakdown of the usual correlation between determinants and credit rating. Understanding whether variables are permanent or transitory components is crucial for investors and borrowers to anticipate credit rating changes during economic downturns. The dependent variables are the long-term domestic credit rating categories. The independent variables are derived from the Fitch Ratings credit rating methodology and the literature, which includes quantitative and qualitative variables. The statistical methods used are ordinal logistic regression, generalized ordinal logistic regression, and support vector machines. The COVID-19 crisis was considered a transitory event due to the application of the through-the-cycle approach by rating agencies. During the pandemic, specific determinants of credit ratings are not considered due to their transitory nature. The study identifies interest coverage ratio and competitive position as transitory components. This approach led to less predictability but a more stable credit rating.

Fraud presents a substantial risk to the overall financial integrity of the global corporate environment. This empirical study investigates practical approaches for firms to strengthen their defenses against fraud, with a focus on improving internal controls, optimizing internal audits, and implementing effective corporate governance. Fraud, which involves compromising the accuracy of financial information, poses dangers that go beyond financial losses. It also affects stakeholder trust and market confidence. Therefore, it is important for company executives, auditors, and policymakers to proactively identify and mitigate these risks. The combination of internal controls, internal audits, and corporate governance plays a crucial role in combating fraud. Internal controls provide the basic principles of financial practices, internal audits closely examine transactions, and effective company governance promotes ethical behavior, resulting in a strong framework for preventing fraud. Based on an extensive examination of existing literature, this study offers practical observations that enable businesses to identify, tackle, and prohibit fraudulent activities. Practical suggestions can help manage the relationship between internal controls, internal audits, and corporate governance. These suggestions can improve audit procedures, enhance transparency, and strengthen the reliability of financial reporting.

This study aims to learn about the role of financial information systems in the decision-making process of the economic enterprise by focusing on the various components (physical, software, organizational and human) of financial information systems. In order to reach a conclusion in this study, a target sample consisting of 35 Sami executives and executives was selected at the Sonelgaz company in Tamanrasset, and found that there is no statistically significant impact of the effectiveness of financial information systems in assisting decision-making through the requirements of financial information systems, This indicates that the requirement factor for financial information systems alone is insufficient to achieve the effectiveness of financial information systems and thus contribute to decision-making financial information systems, there are other factors that can contribute to the effectiveness of financial information systems.

An independent institution gives appreciation to companies in Indonesia that have published their sustainability reports by ranking their sustainability reports in the Asia Sustainability Reporting Rating. This institution plays a role in facilitating and encouraging companies, organizations and other entities in Indonesia to adopt good sustainability reporting practices. This ranking factor is predicted to influence the movement of abnormal returns so that it can influence value relevance through the earnings response coefficient. The aim of this study is to reveal the relevance of value in order to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of sustainability reports, sustainable report ratings and earnings persistence on the earnings response coefficient. The research sample was 130 companies in Indonesia that were included in the Asia Sustainability Reporting Ranking for the period 2019 to 2022. This paper uses a quantitative multiple linear regression method to test the hypothesis. The research results show that consistent profits can be predicted from the past and make a positive contribution to future earnings response. A company transparently discloses its performance in the sustainability aspect, thereby making the profit response more positive. Companies with high sustainability ratings tend to get a more positive profit response from the market and stakeholders. This study suggests that management and company owners in Indonesia are aware of the need to pay attention to long-term sustainability through the publication of sustainability reports to become a company’s commitment to implementing sustainability and minimizing risks arising from the company’s economic, social and environmental activities. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the Directorate of Research, Community Service and Publications (DPPMP) of Stikubank University for supporting the funding of this research. Thanks also to fellow FEB lecturers who have helped provide the facilities needed for this research.

This paper aims to analyze the quality of financial accounting information of public higher education institutions with financial autonomy in the Republic of Moldova and its dependence on their financial autonomy. For this purpose, financial statements and other relevant information available on the websites of public universities with financial autonomy in the Republic of Moldova were analysed. The analysis focused on the following research questions: i) is the quality of the information ensured in terms of the regulatory framework and user requirements? ii) is the quality of the information ensured in terms of the requirements of the regulatory framework and user requirements? iii) Is the quality of information related to the financial autonomy of universities? iiii) How can the enhancement of financial autonomy influence the quality of information? The results show that public higher education institutions with financial autonomy ignore the requirements of the regulatory framework on financial reporting and publication of financial statements, head’s report and auditor’s report on their websites. As a result, users do not have access to financial and accounting information and their conclusions and decisions may be distorted and unjustified. To rectify this, the financial management of the institution needs to be strengthened and all the opportunities afforded by its financial autonomy must be used. At the same time, this research depicts through bibliometric analysis scientific productivity, impact of scientific research, trending topics, and others. Thus, the methodological tools characteristic of the social sciences, quantitative and qualitative methods, were used to carry out the scientific approach.

The purpose of the article is to analyse how to balance public interests with the protection of privacy in the tax field. It has not been an easy task especially in the context of access to financial information. In this area, the compromise to achieve transparency needs to pay regard to the principle of proportionality, as reinforced by recent case law of the ECJ, and align with specific legislation such as the EU General Data Protection Regulation and recently enacted EU Digital Services Act. It is extremely important to investigate the possible consequences of acting against fundamental rights that are attributed to European citizens (and not only), such as the right to privacy and the protection of personal data. The paper aims to provide relevant and further insight to paths that lead to a fair way to handle such relevant information. Every citizen, every academically inclined and dedicated individual, every public official, every judicial agent, must question whether the public interest can ever, or at least, recurrently, surpass a fundamental right to privacy, specially, in a sensible area as the financial information of an individual. Such actions can often lead, if mistakes are made along the way, to dangerous outcomes, such as public humiliation, and can even harm the person’s professional and personal life. Methodology. In the course of the paper, an analysis is made of public decisions taken in cases across the European continent. Additionally, some considerations are made about the recent legislation that is produced by competent authorities, particularly the European Institutions. Results of the research. The authors offer a personal insight regarding the information that has been gathered, confirming some significant concerns. What is of crucial importance, as stated in the title of this article, is a well established balance between the public interest and the protection of privacy, with explained and defined possible paths to follow.

The eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is one of the global-level business reporting standards that accommodates all firms to report financial affairs in a convenient manner. The main objective of this study is to explain the impact of XBRL adoption on the transparency of financial information disclosure in Jordanian financial companies. The current study used a sample of 124 respondents including accounting managers, auditors, and financial managers with a background in XBRL who are working in Jordanian financial firms. The findings confirmed that the adoption of XBRL in Jordanian financial firms increases financial information transparency in the digital disclosure environment which leads to more relevant, reliable, and transparent financial statements disclosure. One main implication the current study heightened is the importance of turning to the implementation of the XBRL will support the process of decision making which will support and enhance both the performance and decision-making process. Lastly, this research effort is the first of its kind that examined the impact of XBRL on the transparency of financial information from the financial firms' perspective in Jordan as a developing country.

Fraud presents a substantial risk to the overall financial integrity of the global corporate environment. This empirical study investigates practical approaches for firms to strengthen their defenses against fraud, with a focus on improving internal controls, optimizing internal audits, and implementing effective corporate governance. Fraud, which involves compromising the accuracy of financial information, poses dangers that go beyond financial losses. It also affects stakeholder trust and market confidence. Therefore, it is important for company executives, auditors, and policymakers to proactively identify and mitigate these risks. The combination of internal controls, internal audits, and corporate governance plays a crucial role in combating fraud. Internal controls provide the basic principles of financial practices, internal audits closely examine transactions, and effective company governance promotes ethical behavior, resulting in a strong framework for preventing fraud. Based on an extensive examination of existing literature, this study offers practical observations that enable businesses to identify, tackle, and prohibit fraudulent activities. Practical suggestions can help manage the relationship between internal controls, internal audits, and corporate governance. These suggestions can improve audit procedures, enhance transparency, and strengthen the reliability of financial reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitalization era of public relations is increasingly affecting the means of presenting information about the economic activities of an enterprise, in particular financial, in the context of a global pandemic, which was caused by the global COVID-19. Increasingly, in our environment, there is a transition from paper to electronic information carriers. The financial information generated by business entities both in Ukraine and in the world as a whole is no exception. The purpose of the study is to systematize the existing digital formats for presenting financial information as a basis for analyzing and auditing the business activities of enterprises in Ukraine. The basis of the study is the methodological recommendations on the use of Taxonomy UA XBRL IFRS, instructions for the revision of the Ukrainian IFRS taxonomy, specialized software products, legislative framework of Ukraine. The following methods were used: graphical (to visualize the results of the study), and grouping (to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of software that uses tax services to conduct e-audits). Digital formats for the presentation of financial information were analyzed. They are the basis for the analysis and audit of the enterprise's activities. The structure and characteristics of the legal framework for the disclosure of financial information in electronic XBRL format in Ukraine were given. Comparative analysis of financial information in digital format XBRL and SAF-T UA were carried out. It has been determined that XBRL can be used as a basis for analyzing financial information in electronic format using special software, for example, to assess the financial condition, calculate indicators of financial stability, liquidity, solvency, business activity, enterprise profitability, etc. It has been proved that the electronic format of financial information SAF-T UA is used when conducting an electronic audit (e-audit) of taxpayers, and can also be used to calculate the tax burden (tax return, tax efficiency ratio) used by the State Tax Service of Ukraine for the purpose of control completeness of calculation and payment of relevant taxes and fees to the state budget. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial information is the core information of modern enterprises, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of enterprises. Based on the cost variance accounting model, the comprehensive budget management model, and the financial crisis early warning model, the financial information decision support system was constructed. Company S was selected for case analysis, and three modules in the decision-making system were used to analyze the company’s operating costs, overall budget management, and financial situation. Among the seven work centers of Company S, the consumption costs of the semi-finished product center and the procurement center account for the highest proportion, reaching more than 50% of the total manufacturing cost. Acquisition operations, raw material processing operations, semi-finished product operations, packaging operations, and quality inspection operations are some of the value-added operations of The Company. The operation efficiency of the procurement center, quality inspection center, maintenance center, and storage center is not high. Raw material processing centers, semi-finished product centers, and packaging centers are highly efficient. In 2022, the net profit of Company S will be -1.7592 million yuan, and the total profit will be -2.7418 million yuan. Management and selling expenses are exceeding the budget. The probability of financial risk was 82.35% and 88.46%, respectively. The company is facing serious financial risks due to its declining corporate sales, solvency, difficult capital turnover, and severe financial risks.

he digitalization era of public relations is increasingly affecting the means of presenting information about the economic activities of an enterprise, in particular financial, in the context of a global pandemic, which was caused by the global COVID-19. Increasingly, in our environment, there is a transition from paper to electronic information carriers. The financial information generated by business entities both in Ukraine and in the world as a whole is no exception. The purpose of the study is to systematize the existing digital formats for presenting financial information as a basis for analyzing and auditing the business activities of enterprises in Ukraine. The basis of the study is the methodological recommendations on the use of Taxonomy UA XBRL IFRS, instructions for the revision of the Ukrainian IFRS taxonomy, specialized software products, legislative framework of Ukraine. The following methods were used: graphical (to visualize the results of the study), and grouping (to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of software that uses tax services to conduct e-audits). /Digital formats for the presentation of financial information were analyzed. They are the basis for the analysis and audit of the enterprise's activities. The structure and characteristics of the legal framework for the disclosure of financial information in electronic XBRL format in Ukraine were given. Comparative analysis of financial information in digital format XBRL and SAF-T UA were carried out. It has been determined that XBRL can be used as a basis for analyzing financial information in electronic format using special software, for example, to assess the financial condition, calculate indicators of financial stability, liquidity, solvency, business activity, enterprise profitability, etc. It has been proved that the electronic format of financial information SAF-T UA is used when conducting an electronic audit (e-audit) of taxpayers, and can also be used to calculate the tax burden (tax return, tax efficiency ratio) used by the State Tax Service of Ukraine for the purpose of control completeness of calculation and payment of relevant taxes and fees to the state budget.

This study aims to provide evidence from an economic experiment that explores the effect of different financial information sources on people's trust and investment decisions. Research participants consisted of 128 individuals aged between 18 and 30. An experiment design divided participants into three treatment groups and a control group. The participants in each treatment group were assigned to receive different presentations of financial information, namely, an official styled fact sheet (T1), a post on social media (T2), and in-person advising (T3). The study measured the level of participants' trust and investment in each treatment and compared it with the control group. The findings demonstrated that participants in T1 trusted their information and made significant investment, while those in T2 did not trust and invest. The participants in T3 trusted their information but did not decide to invest. These results suggest that traditional channels remain essential in communicating financial information, and financial institutions must take this into account when considering their communication strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to analyse how to balance public interests with the protection of privacy in the tax field. It has not been an easy task especially in the context of access to financial information. In this area, the compromise to achieve transparency needs to pay regard to the principle of proportionality, as reinforced by recent case law of the ECJ, and align with specific legislation such as the EU General Data Protection Regulation and recently enacted EU Digital Services Act. It is extremely important to investigate the possible consequences of acting against fundamental rights that are attributed to European citizens (and not only), such as the right to privacy and the protection of personal data. The paper aims to provide relevant and further insight to paths that lead to a fair way to handle such relevant information. Every citizen, every academically inclined and dedicated individual, every public official, every judicial agent, must question whether the public interest can ever, or at least, recurrently, surpass a fundamental right to privacy, specially, in a sensible area as the financial information of an individual. Such actions can often lead, if mistakes are made along the way, to dangerous outcomes, such as public humiliation, and can even harm the person's professional and personal life. Methodology. In the course of the paper, an analysis is made of public decisions taken in cases across the European continent. Additionally, some considerations are made about the recent legislation that is produced by competent authorities, particularly the European Institutions. Results of the research. The authors offer a personal insight regarding the information that has been gathered, confirming some significant concerns. What is of crucial importance, as stated in the title of this article, is a well established balance between the public interest and the protection of privacy, with explained and defined possible paths to follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, financial regulators urgently need to establish a sensitive and scientific financial risk pre-alarm system that is suitable for the economic environment under the COVID-19 epidemic. The perfect pre-alarm system is based on in-depth scientific theoretical research, so it is of great practical significance to study the financial security assessment and systemic financial risk pre-alarm. The accumulation of massive data puts forward higher requirements for the effective organization and management of financial information. How to quickly extract effective information and analyze and predict it effectively on the basis of data has become an important issue in academic and industrial research. Exploring the nature of financial markets, analyzing and mastering the potential development rules between data not only provide effective technical support for financial management and investment business, but also play a pivotal role in promoting the steady growth of financial markets. This article proposes a financial risk pre-alarm model based on deep learning (DL). This model can detect the financial risk behaviors brought by a few people, and provides a new theory and method for the financial risk management (FRM) system. This algorithm solves the difficulties that traditional models are difficult to deal with highly nonlinear models and lack of adaptive ability.

This paper aims to put forward optimization strategies for the shortcomings of rural financial information dissemination, so as to improve the effectiveness of financial information dissemination in rural areas, so as to form a win-win situation of two-way financial information interaction between rural commercial banks and farmers, stimulating rural development. Under the background of rural revitalization, financial information dissemination can help financial enterprises establish brand image and promote financial products and services, which plays a significant role in getting through the "last mile" of Inclusive finance. At present, facing the dual effects of policy environment and market environment, banks and other financial institutions are altering their focus and continuously increasing the dissemination of rural financial information. However, due to the influence of multiple factors such as regional environment and audience characteristics, related products, services and financial knowledge have not been fully, sufficiently and effectively disseminated. This paper takes the communication behavior of farmers and rural commercial banks in Jiangsu as the research object. In order to integrate into consumers' life and understand consumers' exposed or potential needs, we analyze the characteristics of information communication and audience in rural areas in the form of questionnaire and written interview, and put forward targeted optimization strategies according to the problems and difficulties existing in the current actual communication, so as to improve the effectiveness of financial information communication. The innovative feature of this paper is to carry out interdisciplinary research, cross integrate the theories of Journalism and communication and finance, and apply the information communication theory in journalism and communication to the field of finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the role of financial information in shaping the intention to adopt (ITA) Residential Rooftop Photovoltaic (RPV) systems in Israel—a country with a surprisingly low RPV adoption rate given the high solar irradiance, and significant governmental support for RPV. We used an online survey of 899 respondents to examine how different presentations of RPV revenues impact both RPV deal comprehension and ITA. Our results align with existing literature on the roles of early technology adopters and pro-environmental characteristics while introducing two novel findings. First, households value their roofs—especially flat ones used for leisure. This negatively impacts ITA. Second, we found a positive correlation between trust in government entities and ITA, underscoring the importance of trust in institutions. Although financial information does enhance RPV deal comprehension, it does not significantly influence ITA. This study concludes that RPV penetration should not be promoted solely by financial incentives, but also by other motivations like environmental concerns, novelty seeking, and improved institutional trust.

Reliable financial information, which is usually derived from quantitative research, is crucial for management decision-making. However, in order to apply this result appropriately in the management decision-making process, it is important to be able to explain, interpret, and compare it against the established criteria. Therefore, it is appropriate to establish a financial information system within the company and build a suitable pool of information. This article explores the requirements for financial information, the process of establishing the financial information system, the primary indicators of the financial information pool, and the criteria for evaluating them in the context of management decisions. The analysis of the scientific literature has led to identification of six requirements for the quality of financial information and four dimensions of financial information. The interaction among these aspects provides the prerequisites for developing high-quality financial information system. It was also observed that, in order to develop a financial information system, a company must accumulate an appropriate pool of information, prepare its own individual set of indicators, and establish their indicative values. Furthermore, it was noted that different indicators are used at each level of management within the financial information pool.

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The informational system of an entity is based on accounting information obtained from the accountants, which is transmitted to process financial analysts in order to obtain a new product: financial information. This allows internal and external users who have a financial interest in the entity to make optimal management decisions. This research aims to highlight the role and importance of financial-accounting information in the decision-making process, to look back on the emergence, development and perpetual improvement of the entity's information system, to reflect how new requirements for financial-accounting information have led to the emergence of new attributions and responsibilities of the accountants, to analyze the provisions of the normative framework and of the specialized literature regarding the financial-accounting information, to explain the difference between the accounting information and the financial information, and as a result - to present the interdependence between financial-accounting information and the decision-making process.

In the trend of globalization, profit is always a concern for companies because the competition is increasingly fierce. With accounting tools and policies, managers of companies can perform profit management. The purpose of this paper is to test the influence of the board of directors on the discretionary accruals in Vietnamese listed companies. The paper uses time series of table data. The sample includes 915 observations of 183 Vietnamese non-financial companies in the period from 2016 to 2020. The feasible generalized least squares method is used to test the hypotheses of the research model. The paper uses two foundational theories, including the agency theory and the signaling theory, to explain the discretionary accruals of Vietnamese listed companies. The results show that the independence of the board of directors, the meetings of the board of directors, and the foreigners in the board of directors influence the discretionary accruals in Vietnamese listed companies. Then, the paper proposes some appropriate policies on regulations to control the discretionary accruals in Vietnamese listed companies to improve the quality of accounting information in the context of regional and international economic integration.

Financial communication is how financial performance can be 'read' by the audience and form a certain perception regarding the value of an object, in this context, it can be a company, community, organization, institution, or even an individual. This study aims to determine the effect of Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Return On assets (ROA) and Net Profit Margin (NPM), Against Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) on perceived-value of companies listed on the Stock Exchange Indonesian Securities 2015-2018. This research uses a quantitative approach by collecting secondary data obtained from IDX. The population in this study is the food and beverage sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2018 period. The sampling method is purposive, by determining sample with some specific considerations or with special selection aimed at making the data obtained more representative. The analytical tools used include autocorrelation and reliability tests, normality tests, heteroscedasticity tests, multicollinearity tests, f, t-test, and R2 test.

The article presents the way financial and non-financial information are valued, as well as a case study with respondents from Romanian entities, by category of interested parties. The main tools with an impact on the companies' performance and importance of the financial-accounting system are the accounting value and the market value of the entities. The study is based on answers obtained from respondents located in the city of Buhuți, Bacău County, Romania, to a questionnaire distributed to legal entities from various fields of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the influence of ownership structure on the financial information quality of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Ownership structure, if followed in totality is expected to minimize abnormalities in the preparation of the financial statement of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. However, despite the existence of corporate governance for over a decade in Nigeria, there were a lot of corporate failures in recent years; including the accounting scandals by Cadbury Pic. etc. The data were extracted from the annual financial reports of sampled companies for the period of six years (2013-2019). The sample of the study consists of 26 quoted manufacturing companies. The study employed multiple regressions for data analysis, using panel data to examine the influence of ownership structure attributes on financial information quality. The model is composed of a single dependent variable; financial information quality and one explanatory variable with four proxies - managerial, institutional, concentration, and foreign ownership. The results reveal that ownership concentration and institutional shareholdings were positively, strongly, and statistically significant in predicting real activity manipulation of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria, unlike the managerial and Non-Executive directors' shareholdings. Therefore, it is recommended among others that the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria should motivate institutional investors to invest in the quoted manufacturing companies to reduce activity manipulative practices by the management of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavioral finance explains contradictory patterns with market efficiency hypotheses with behavioral biases. One of the most common price patterns in the stock market is the pattern of momentum, which can be driven by investors' adjustment and anchoring bias and disposition effect. In this study, the role of adjustment and anchoring bias and disposition effect on the formation of momentum returns on the Tehran Stock Exchange are examined. Using the portfolio study method and the data of the research period of 2007-2016, it was found that investors are more affected by adjustment and anchoring bias compared to disposition effect and form a pattern of momentum by reversing against the maximum price thresholds with a oneyear period as the reference price. Also, among the maximum thresholds, investors are most affected by the maximum price of 26 weeks with a sixmonth waiting period, and further analysis and analysis using the Fama-Macbeth regression and the Fama-French three-factor model confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The need for physical proximity and face-to-face communication in financial information flows is contested. But the movement restrictions imposed across Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic, together with the elevated information needs as financial markets became stressed, provided the unique circumstances for a natural experiment to test the extent to which physical interaction is important in the origination and distribution of financial information. Drawing upon 70 interviews undertaken across Asia during 2021, primarily with sell-side analysts who act as information intermediaries in the financial ecosystem, this article provides evidence that physical proximity and face-to-face communication remains highly valued, particularly when accessing information embedded in informal local networks and originated through reciprocal client relationships. Analysts physically restricted from contacts at corporates and within their associated operating environments, reported a degradation of knowledge, especially versus more proximate competitors. The enforced physical separation also weakened previously strong social and reciprocal relationships with clients, even those co-located in the same city. Although these trends may be gradual and incremental rather than dramatic, they are persistent and self-reinforcing, and demonstrate the continued benefits of proximity and face-to-face interaction, with longer-term implications for financial geographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of the sensitivity in terms of the preference for using the integrated reporting quality (IRQ) based on the reporting companies’ field of activity. The study focusses on designing a sensitivity analysis relying on the most relevant financial and nonfinancial indicators as required by the stakeholders. They were adjusted by the key factors for the IRQ such as the social, natural, human and intellectual capital. The study has been designed based on the upgrade and in compliance with the connectivity principle as required by the IIRC. The data was collected from the IR examples Database between 2015–2017. The results suggest that based on sensitivity function value, those sectors of activity such as transportation and infrastructure, services and trade have a higher sensitivity preference for the IR due to the quantification of the stakeholders’ interest in terms of performance positive trend indexes. Making use of regressive techniques, the authors undertook an econometrical model for the evaluation of the IRQ that may become very useful for those companies that intend to set in place a sustainable business as it provides them the opportunity of measuring the IRQ.

Purpose: This article aims to investigate the environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosure strategy and its impact on the financial performance of the top ten companies in terms of operating income/turnover volume. Methodology/Approach: The study methods used include parametric correlations and logistic regression analysis focusing on data from Spanish listed companies in 2019-2020. Findings: The findings show that IBEX35 companies need to improve web transparency in ESG reporting and a significant relationship was found between financial indicators and ESG transparency. Companies with the best positions in liquidity and return on assets rank first in non-financial indicators. Finally, it was found that the sector of the company was a significant variable. Research Limitation/Implication: The findings of this research will help define the ESG strategy and understand the relationship between ESG and financial results. One limitation is that the information on the websites changes frequently. However, the results may contribute to being a point of reference for future studies. Originality/Value of paper: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous research has been conducted to assess the ESG information disclosure strategy based on its web transparency and the financial performance of major Spanish companies.

This study examines the attributive factors of decision-making process among selected institutions in emerging economies. The researchers used a survey research design to study accounting information quality and its relationship with decision-making approach. The current work was quantitative in nature where purposive and random sampling methods were employed. The sample consists of thirty-seven (37) respondents with a mix percentage of male and female. Results from the study indicated that the quality of accounting information such as accuracy, timeliness, conciseness, relevancy, and reliability significantly aid and determine the decision-making process. From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the quality of accounting information had a positive and significant impact on decision-making process in public-sector organizations. It was noted that decisionmaking and traits of financial information are cyclical in nature. They are described as input and output relationship. The study suggests that new initiatives be implemented to improve the predictive value aimed at improving decision-making using accounting information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article aims to investigate the environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) disclosure strategy and its impact on the financial performance of the top ten companies in terms of operating income/turnover volume. Methodology/Approach: The study methods used include parametric correlations and logistic regression analysis focusing on data from Spanish listed companies in 2019-2020. Findings: The findings show that IBEX35 companies need to improve web transparency in ESG reporting and a significant relationship was found between financial indicators and ESG transparency. Companies with the best positions in liquidity and return on assets rank first in non-financial indicators. Finally, it was found that the sector of the company was a significant variable. Research Limitation/Implication: The findings of this research will help define the ESG strategy and understand the relationship between ESG and financial results. One limitation is that the information on the websites changes frequently. However, the results may contribute to being a point of reference for future studies. Originality/Value of paper: To the best of the authors' knowledge, no previous research has been conducted to assess the ESG information disclosure strategy based on its web transparency and the financial performance of major Spanish companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the association between environmental uncertainty, accounting information relevance, and organizational performance. From a contingency approach, this paper attempts to contribute to a stream of research that investigates the relationship between accounting information relevance and organizational performance. The presence of environmental uncertainty in this relationship has not been fully established. This paper contributes to this area by suggesting a framework to study and explain this connection. An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted, which produced 119 valid responses (a response rate of 23%) from large manufacturing companies operating in Portugal. The results suggest that in contexts of environmental uncertainty, the relevance of non-financial information increases. However, the relevance of financial information continues to outstrip that of non-financial information. The results also suggest that financial information and non-financial information are complementary, and not substitutes, and can be used simultaneously in different situations. These results have several implications for professionals involved in decision-making activities. It offers findings which are potentially useful for both theory and practice. The study addresses an identified gap in the literature and adds to the existing body of work analyzing the association between environmental uncertainty, accounting information relevance for decision-making purposes, and organizational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the accelerated development of technological innovations, the accounting profession is undergoing changes. Studies conducted by research offices worldwide have shown that a significant transformation of the profession is anticipated in the upcoming years. Thus, there is a tendency to develop accounting software, which provide reliable and relevant financial information, to perform in-depth analyzes, and in a timely manner to provide financial advices. There is a need for future accountants to possess both financial-accounting language and to have advanced technical skills in the field. Hence, the importance and timeliness of the topic because the concept of “transhumanism” involves the use of contemporary technological sciences by capitalizing on human existence, by improving human skills, while imposing respect for reason and science. Thus, the authors set out to shed some light on this area, given that these two concepts have been unstudied so far. The research methodology is based on the method of comparison, induction, deduction, analysis of literature and web sources, as well as international web sources that have been studied

Copyright of Revista Perspectiva Empresarial is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Ceipa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Financial literacy is essential for every individual concerned with public welfare and household portfolio choices. In this study, we investigate the impact of household financial literacy on individuals' financial behavior using the China Household Financial Survey Data (CHFS) of 2015 and 2017. The results show that financial knowledge has significant current, long-term, and dynamic effects on financial behavior. This finding suggests that financial literacy is an important factor in shaping and improving financial behavior. Second, financial literacy can improve residents' limited attention, and residents with high attention tend to have formal bank accounts, participate in the stock market, and engage in financial behaviors in situations such as risky financial markets. High attention also helps to improve residents' financial behavior. This relationship suggests that financial literacy positively impacts formal bank account holding, participation in financial markets, participation in commercial insurance, participation in pension plans, and credit card holdings through limited attention channels that facilitate access to specific financial information. In addition, heterogeneity analysis showed that the impact of financial literacy on financial behavior differs significantly between urban and rural households, between men and women, and between high and low education levels. The study provides valuable insights for policy implications to enhance financial literacy, such as carrying out financial training to improve residents' knowledge about financial aspects, which further helps to optimize household financial decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]