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1. Chapter Integrating Belowground Interactions into Seagrass Restoration Strategies

Author

Jongen, Renske, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Bugnot, Ana B., Ferguson, Angus, Fraser, Matthew W., Glasby, Tim M., Jackson, Emma L., Martin, Belinda C., Sherman, Craig D.H., Sinclair, Elizabeth A., Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey M., Vergés, Adriana, Waycott, Michelle, Wright, Jeffrey T., Kendrick, Gary A., and Gribben, Paul E.

Subjects
Seagrass Restoration,Sediments,Microbes,Seagrass Genetics,Species Interactions,Decision-making Frameworks, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNW The Earth: natural history: general interest, thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNP Trees, wildflowers and plants: general interest, thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans), thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences::PSVC Zoology: fishes (ichthyology)
Abstract

Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited sources in marine science and oceanography. The ever-increasing interest in work in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues, especially global climate change and its impacts, creates a demand for authoritative refereed reviews summarising and synthesising the results of both historical and recent research. Six of the ten peer-reviewed contributions in Volume 62 are available to read Open Access via the webpage and on OAPEN. If you are interested in submitting a review for consideration for publication in OMBAR, please email the new co-Editors in Chief, Dr Peter Todd (dbspat@nus.edu.sg) and Dr Bayden Russell (brussell@hku.hk). Supplementary material is provided online on the Support Materials tab, for Reviews 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Volume 62 features a review of the biology, ecology and conservation threats to the Iberian harbour porpoise; a look at the potential risk to Mediterranean cetaceans and sea turtles from floating marine macro litter; an overview of the recent history and physical environment of corals in the Andaman Sea; an exploration of the population biology of Snapper fish in South Australia; and a review of historical killings of small cetaceans in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, among others. An international Editorial Board ensures global relevance and expert peer review, with editors from Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Singapore and the UK. The series volumes find a place in the libraries of not only marine laboratories and oceanographic institutes but also universities worldwide.

Published
2024
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2. Current extent and future opportunities for living shorelines in Australia

Author

Morris, Rebecca L., Campbell-Hooper, Erin, Waters, Elissa, Bishop, Melanie J., Lovelock, Catherine E., Lowe, Ryan J., Strain, Elisabeth M.A., Boon, Paul, Boxshall, Anthony, Browne, Nicola K., Carley, James T., Fest, Benedikt J., Fraser, Matthew W., Ghisalberti, Marco, Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Kendrick, Gary A., Konlechner, Teresa M., Mayer-Pinto, Mariana, Pomeroy, Andrew W.M., Rogers, Abbie A., Simpson, Viveka, Van Rooijen, Arnold A., Waltham, Nathan J., and Swearer, Stephen E.

Published
2024
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5. Using green exercise as a motivator in health management

Author

Fraser, Matthew, Munoz, Sarah-Anne, MacRury, Sandra, and Taylor, Steve

Subjects
613.7
Abstract

Green exercise has been defined as physical activity conducted in nature and has been shown to positively influence health. The aim of this thesis was to conduct original research and apply underutilised methodological approaches to enhance knowledge and generalisability around green exercise. This was achieved by investigating how the effects of green exercise and motivations differ across timescales, sub-groups of the population and different forms of green exercise. Healthy and clinical populations were sampled. Individuals living with type 2 diabetes were sampled due to the rising prevalence and the economic cost of treating the disease. Measures of affect, attention, enjoyment, future exercise intentions, perceived exertion and motivation were used throughout the thesis. Each measure was implemented to provide evidence for the use of green exercise to inform public policy and health behaviour change. The first three chapters introduce the research areas, the methodological approaches and a literature review. In Chapter 4, golf is compared to walking. The findings show that the effects of green exercise were reduced in the golf condition, due to high levels of concentration being used. A weakness of green exercise research has been the duration of interventions. Chapter 5 examined the effects of repeated bouts of green exercise and meteorological conditions. Over the 12-week intervention enjoyment and arousal were found to increase. Temperature and weather had no effect on the outcome variables. A systematic review is conducted in Chapter 6 to identify whether green exercise has been used in other research fields. The review found mixed results and a lack of available studies which used exercise in natural areas to treat type 2 diabetes. These results inform the research presented in Chapter 7 which is a case study on the responses between indoor and green exercise in individuals living with type 2 diabetes. The findings highlight the potential of green exercise to treat psychological parameters. Chapter 8 explored the motivations of green exercisers. The chapter demonstrates motivational differences exist between forms of green exercise, however enjoyment was found to be the primary motivator. A promotional video was developed and the impact of this video is presented in Chapter 9. Participant responses noted increased knowledge and motivations towards green exercise following viewing the video. The findings presented in this thesis are promising, however more research is still required to continue advancing knowledge in the field.

Published
2021

18. Tire Wear Emissions by Highways: Impact of Season and Surface Type.

Author

Miech, Jason A., Aker, Saed, Zhang, Zhaobo, Ozer, Hasan, Fraser, Matthew P., and Herckes, Pierre

Subjects
MOTOR vehicles, AIR quality, ELECTRIC vehicles, VULCANIZATION, PAVEMENTS
Abstract

With the increasing number of electric vehicles taking to the roads, the impact of tailpipe emissions on air quality will decrease, while resuspended road dust and brake/tire wear will become more significant. This study quantified PM10 emissions from tire wear under a range of real highway conditions with measurements across different seasons and roadway surface types in Phoenix, Arizona. Tire wear was quantified in the sampled PM10 using benzothiazoles (vulcanization accelerators) as tire markers. The measured emission factors had a range of 0.005–0.22 mg km−1 veh−1 and are consistent with an earlier experimental study conducted in Phoenix. However, these results are lower than values typically found in the literature and values calculated from emissions models, such as MOVES (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator). We found no significant difference in tire wear PM10 emission factors for different surface types (asphalt vs. diamond grind concrete) but saw a significant decrease in the winter compared to the summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. The Distribution of Post-Void Residual Volumes in People Seeking Care in the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Network Observational Cohort Study With Comparison to Asymptomatic Populations

Author

Peterson, Andrew C., Smith, Abigail R., Fraser, Matthew O., Yang, Claire C., DeLancey, John O.L., Gillespie, Brenda W., Gore, John L., Talaty, Pooja, Andreev, Victor P., Kreder, Karl J., Mueller, Margaret G., Lai, H. Henry, Erickson, Bradley A., and Kirkali, Ziya

Published
2019
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23. Evaluating Phoenix Metropolitan Area Ozone Behavior Using Ground-Based Sampling, Modeling, and Satellite Retrievals.

Author

Miech, Jason A., Herckes, Pierre, Fraser, Matthew P., Arellano, Avelino F., Mirrezaei, Mohammad Amin, and Guo, Yafang

Subjects
TROPOSPHERIC ozone, OZONE, METROPOLITAN areas, EMISSION control, VOLATILE organic compounds
Abstract

An oxidizing and harmful pollutant gas, tropospheric ozone is a product of a complex set of photochemical reactions that can make it difficult to enact effective control measures. A better understanding of its precursors including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and their spatial distribution can enable policymakers to focus their control efforts. In this study we used low-cost sensors (LCSs) to increase the spatial resolution of an existing NO2 monitoring network in addition to VOC sampling to better understand summer ozone formation in Maricopa County, Arizona, and observed that afternoon O3 values at the downwind sites were significantly correlated, ~0.27, to the morning NO2 × rate values at the urban sites. Additionally, we looked at the impact of wildfire smoke on ozone exceedances and compared non-smoke days to smoke days. The average O3 on smoke days was approximately 20% higher than on non-smoke days, however, the average NO2 concentration multiplied by estimated photolysis rate (NO2 × rate) values were only 2% higher on smoke days. Finally, we evaluated the ozone sensitivity of the region by calculating HCHO/NO2 ratios using three different datasets: ground, satellite, and model. Although the satellite dataset produced higher HCHO/NO2 ratios than the other datasets, when the proper regime thresholds are applied the three datasets consistently show transition and VOC-limited O3 production regimes over the Phoenix metro area. This suggests a need to implement more VOC emission controls in order to reach O3 attainment in the county. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. Symptom Based Clustering of Women in the LURN Observational Cohort Study

Author

Andreev, Victor P., Liu, Gang, Yang, Claire C., Smith, Abigail R., Helmuth, Margaret E., Wiseman, Jonathan B., Merion, Robert M., Weinfurt, Kevin P., Cameron, Anne P., Lai, H. Henry, Cella, David, Gillespie, Brenda W., Helfand, Brian T., Griffith, James W., DeLancey, John O.L., Fraser, Matthew O., Clemens, J. Quentin, and Kirkali, Ziya

Published
2018
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26. Beam dynamics studies of the ISOLDE post-accelerator for the high intensity and energy upgrade

Author

Fraser, Matthew Alexander and Jones, Roger

Subjects
539.73
Abstract

The High Intensity and Energy (HIE) project represents a major upgrade of the ISOLDE (On-Line Isotope Mass Separator) nuclear facility at CERN with a mandate to significantly increase the energy, intensity and quality of the radioactive nuclear beams provided to the European nuclear physics community for research at the forefront of topics such as nuclear structure physics and nuclear astrophysics. The HIE-ISOLDE project focuses on the upgrade of the existing Radioactive ion beam EXperiment (REX) post-accelerator with the addition of a 40 MV superconducting linac comprising 32 niobium sputter-coated copper quarter-wave cavities operating at 101.28 MHz and at an accelerating gradient close to 6 MV/m. The energy of post-accelerated radioactive nuclear beams will be increased from the present ceiling of 3 MeV/u to over 10 MeV/u, with full variability in energy, and will permit, amongst others, Coulomb interaction and few-nucleon transfer reactions to be carried out on the full inventory of radionuclides available at ISOLDE. In this thesis the beam dynamics of the superconducting linac is studied with a focus on identifying and mitigating the sources of beam emittance dilution. Highlights include the suppression of a parametric resonance, compensation of the beam-steering effect intrinsic to quarter-wave cavities and a study of the energy change in the cavities well below their geometric velocity using second-order transit-time factors. The studies lead to the specification and tolerances for the linac components. An extensive investigation of REX was also carried out involving rf and beam measurements that facilitated the benchmarking of the beam dynamics codes that were used to design the matching sections and ensure the compatibility of the upgrade. In addition, a solid-state diagnostics system was developed as a tool to aid the quick and eventually automated tuning of the large number of cavities that will accompany the upgrade.

Published
2012

34. Effects of dredging on critical ecological processes for marine invertebrates, seagrasses and macroalgae, and the potential for management with environmental windows using Western Australia as a case study

Author

Fraser, Matthew W., Short, Jessie, Kendrick, Gary, McLean, Dianne, Keesing, John, Byrne, Maria, Caley, M. Julian, Clarke, Doug, Davis, Andrew R., Erftemeijer, Paul L.A., Field, Stuart, Gustin-Craig, Sam, Huisman, John, Keough, Mick, Lavery, Paul S., Masini, Ray, McMahon, Kathryn, Mengersen, Kerrie, Rasheed, Michael, Statton, John, Stoddart, Jim, and Wu, Paul

Published
2017
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37. Caricatures, Canards, and Guignols: Satirical Journalism in France from the French Revolution to Fifth Republic.

Author

Fraser, Matthew

Subjects
FRENCH Revolution, 1789-1799, ONLINE social networks, CARICATURE, PARODY
Abstract

The special status of satire in France is examined historically from the French Revolution to the Fifth Republic. It is argued that satire in France functions with a normative reference to the secular, universalist Jacobin values (hostile to church, aristocracy, and monarchy) that underpinned the foundation of the French Republic. Since the French Revolution, French journalistic satire has, in different ways, perpetrated what can broadly be categorized as either lèse majesté or blasphemy. Given France's turbulent history over the past two centuries, satire has frequently been used as an instrument to reaffirm the Republic's values vis-à-vis authoritarian regimes with different characteristics. The symbolic connection between satire and the French Republic's founding mythology has conferred upon the idiom a special status that endures today. The Fifth Republic, however, has presented a unique challenge to satire because of its authoritarian institutional character with personal power in the hands of the head-of-state. Three case studies are examined: the newspapers Le Canard Enchaîné and Charlie Hebdo and the satirical television program Les Guignols de l'Info. Today satire has found expression on online social networks in the form of memes, gifs, and videos. This marks a shift from satire produced by journalistic elites to more diffused and socially distributed satirical mockery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network

Author

Amundsen, Cindy, Weinfurt, Kevin, Flynn, Kathryn, Fraser, Matthew O., Harshbarger, Todd, Peterson, Drew, Preud’homme, Xavier A., Siddiqui, Nazema, Webster, George, Dombeck, Carrie, Gilliam, Robin, Hayes, Akira, Longoria, Nicole, McLean, Shantae, Kreder, Karl, Bradley, Catherine S., Erickson, Bradley A., Lutgendorf, Susan K., Magnotta, Vince, O’Donnell, Michael A., Sung, Vivian, Moss, Linda, Lopez, Andrea, Cella, David, Helfand, Brian T., Griffith, James, Hairston, John C., Kenton, Kimberly, Parrish, Todd, Chan, Jennie Yu Fan, Alverdy, Alexandria, Buono, Sarah, Corona, Maria, Nero, Jasmine, Talaty, Pooja, Venezuela, Veronica, Clemens, J. Quentin, Berger, Mitch, DeLancey, John, Fenner, Dee, Harris, Rick, Harte, Steve, Pelletier-Cameron, Anne, Wei, John, Drnek, Linda, Dutta, Nina, Elmblad, Nicole, Mowatt, Greg, Tumbarello, Julie, Yang, Claire, Gore, John L., Teller, Sara, Vicars, Brenda, Andriole, Gerald, Lai, Henry, Shimony, Joshua, Klim, Aleksandra, Mueller, Susan, Kirkali, Ziya, Kusek, John, Bavendam, Tamara, Star, Robert, Norton, Jenna, Merion, Robert, Gillespie, Brenda, Andreev, Victor, Kapica, Suzanne, Hill-Callahan, Peg, Buck, Timothy, Wiseman, Jon, Lock, Julieanne, Yang, Claire C., Weinfurt, Kevin P., and Merion, Robert M.

Published
2016
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46. Findings of the Physics Beyond Colliders ECN3 Beam Delivery Task Force

Author

Ahdida, Claudia, Bartosik, Hannes, Bernhard, Johannes, Brugger, Markus, Calviani, Marco, Colinet, Antoine, Esposito, Luigi Salvatore, Franqueira Ximenes, Rui, Fraser, Matthew Alexander, Gautheron, Fabrice, Grenard, Jean-Louis, Kadi, Yacine, Kain, Verena, Lafuente Mazuecos, Antonio, Josifovic, Ivan, Li, Kevin Shing Bruce, Mazzola, Giuseppe, Nowak, Elzbieta, Balazs, Kincso, Prebibaj, Tirsi, Ramjiawan, Rebecca Louise, Romera Ramirez, Ivan, Roncarolo, Federico, Schwarz, Philip, Vendeuvre, Camille, Velotti, Francesco Maria, Van Dijk, Maarten, Vincke, Helmut, Zamantzas, Christos, and Zickler, Thomas

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

The ECN3 Beam Delivery Task Force was mandated by the PBC Study Group to assess the technical feasibility of increasing the proton beam intensity to the ECN3 hall of the North Area to satisfy the demands of a compelling set of PBC experimental physics proposals. This report summarises the findings of the Task Force that converge on a technically feasible solution with an implementation timeline that could exploit and build upon the investment already foreseen as part of Phase 1 of the NA-CONS project, and take the SPS complex into a new intensity frontier for Fixed Target physics in Run4.

Published
2023

48. SPS Operation and Future Proton Sharing Scenarios for the ECN3 facility

Author

Prebibaj, Tirsi, Arduini, Gianluigi, Bartosik, Hannes, and Fraser, Matthew Alexander

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

In the framework of the Physics Beyond Colliders (PBC) study, a future high intensity facility at the existing ECN3 experimental hall of the North Area (NA) complex is under study. A task force is investigating ECN3 intensity upgrade scenarios concerning beam delivery and related infrastructure, considering solutions compatible with consolidation plans and post-LS3 experimental scenarios. As input to this study group, the sharing scenarios for the amount of protons on target (PoT) delivered to such a future high intensity fixed-target facility and the existing North Area experiments are presented in this report. Based on demonstrated Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) performance for CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS) and the recent SPS performance for fixed target beams following the successful completion of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project, the expected proton sharing between the TCC2 targets and ECN3 is estimated. AWAKE and HiRadMat are taken into account in the future supercycle composition while the maximum possible power dissipation of the SPS magnets is respected. In the note it is also assumed that measures will be taken to address beam loss and activation at extraction and transfer compatibly with the transmission efficiency presented here. Finally, also considerations on power consumption are made for the different operational scenarios.

Published
2023

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