Search

The main objectives of this study were to determine the percentage of teachers applying the Sport Education (SE) model in a central region of Spain and to identify the features these teachers perceived they were using when applying it. As a secondary objective, an attempt was made to respond to the differences in the application of the model depending on the educational stage and gender, and to determine any differences between the curriculum features of teachers applying SE and those who follow other methodologies. One hundred and ninety-nine physical education (PE) teachers participated in this study and a survey research design was used. The results reinforce the notion that PE teachers apply SE in a contextualised and pragmatic way. A significant percentage of teachers (64.8%) reported using SE in their curriculums, which demonstrates the success in expanding this instructional model in this region. Teachers also perceived that they applied a high percentage of the SE elements, although there was low fidelity to most of those elements that were considered to be central to the model such as extended units and permanent teams. Results are discussed based on literature about which goals are achieved and which ones are not based on the degree of fidelity to the central elements of the model. Implications for teacher training and future research are provided.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate coaches' perceptions of using sport education (SE) for the first time with socially vulnerable children in order to explore its suitability for equipping young people living in precarity with the skills they need to take positive action to challenge their socially vulnerable backgrounds. In doing so, we want to explore what experiences of learning to use SE these coaches had and what their perspectives of the children's learning were. Settings and participants: The study developed in a community-based program in three economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods with high rates of delinquency in a city in Central Spain. The programme is run by a non-governmental organization and is funded by several public institutions and private donations. The study included three youth workers who acted as coaches and 31 nine- to eleven-year-olds from different ethnic groups. Programme: The SE season comprised 36 one-hour sessions which included an introduction to SE and the activity called ringo (two lessons), a pre-season (14 lessons), a season (18 lessons) and culminating event preparation and celebration (two lessons). Ringo is a net game, which was chosen to improve participation. Data collection/analysis: Four focus groups were conducted with the coaches and an open analysis format was followed, using open-ended questions. The first author also kept a diary of his experience as a participant observer, including field notes and participation in focus groups. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through thematic analysis. Findings: Three major results were found. First, although coaches perceived that sport had a great potential for children to get several benefits, the quality of the pedagogical strategies they used to implement before the study did not allow them to reach those benefits. Second, SE gave the coaches the possibility to enact an ethic of care with participant children; emotional labour played a key role in that process, allowing coaches to care both for children and for themselves. Third, coaches appreciated how SE features, especially competition, teams, festivity, and the culminating event, favoured motivation and engagement, what improved behaviour and the assumption of roles responsibilities. Conclusions: Sport per se is not enough to teach ethical conduct. However, a quality programme which exposes young people to the stimuli they need, and efficient physical educators who can develop the programme properly and with a coherent attitude are necessary. Pre-service education for any future professional working with youth from socially vulnerable backgrounds (teachers, coaches, youth workers) should consider the need of teaching pedagogies of affect like SE as well as the development of an ethic of care and emotional labour.

The purpose of this study was to assess and understand prior tactical knowledge and game performance as well as the relationship between the different components of game performance in invasion games. The participants (N = 22; girls: 13; boys: 9) were Physical Education students (ages: 11-12) with a low expertise in invasion games (they were selected among those with no other background in invasion games than PE lessons). Their game performance was videotaped, after which measures of motor execution and cognitive components were developed from observational analysis. Decision-making was measured on two levels: (a) decision-making restricted to the performance of technical-tactical skills; and (b) decision-making focused on adapting to the offensive tactical contexts of the game. Participants played an eight-minute-long 4-versus-4 generic invasion game. The latter was designed to meet both developmental needs and previous learning, so interference between motor execution ability and decision-making performance was minimized. The findings revealed that these students already had a basic concept of offensive and defensive game situations, both on-the-ball and off-the-ball. No significant differences were found between players' performance in penetrating-the-defense contexts and in those where they kept ball possession. The findings additionally highlighted the existence of significant relationships between decision-making and skill execution in getting open, tackling, marking off-ball and double teaming. Other links between game performance components are discussed throughout the paper. The importance of assessing game performance taking into account tactical contexts is also supported (Gutiérrez, González, García-López, & Mitchell, 2011), as well as some of the GCA pedagogical principles, e.g. the use of modified games (Oslin & Mitchell, 2006).

Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anxiety has been suggested to be a key contributing factor for compulsive exercise, however, existing literature has demonstrated contradictory relationships between anxiety and compulsive exercise among adolescents. According to the Emotional Cascade Model (ECM), factors such as rumination and emotional suppression may mediate the association between affect and exercise. The current study therefore aimed to investigate whether rumination and emotional suppression mediate the relationship between anxiety and compulsive exercise in predicting ED symptoms in adolescents. Questionnaires assessing compulsive exercise, anxiety, depressive rumination, emotional suppression, and ED symptoms were completed by 212 adolescent males (Mage = 13.39, SD = 1.22) and 189 adolescent females (Mage = 13.64, SD = 1.29). The structural equation model showed indirect effects between anxiety and compulsive exercise through rumination and emotional suppression in males but not in females. Moreover, anxiety had an indirect effect on eating disorder symptoms through rumination, emotional suppression and compulsive exercise in both males and females. In line with ECM, the results suggest that rumination and emotional suppression may have a key role in the association between anxiety, compulsive exercise and eating disorder symptoms in adolescents. These findings suggest that compulsive exercise may be used as a dysfunctional coping mechanism to escape from a negative emotional cascade generated by the interaction of anxiety, rumination and emotional suppression. Future longitudinal studies to test the role of compulsive exercise as a dysfunctional behaviour in the ECM are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Profesorado: Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profesorado is the property of Profesorado: Revista de Curriculum y Formacion del Profesorado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using self-determination theory as a guiding framework, this study analyzed the impact of the Sport Education Model in self-determination and motivation, psychological basic need thwarting, enjoymentsatisfaction, boredom, and intention to be physically active in Physical Education (PE) of secondary school students in Spain. Two groups were selected for the study: an experimental group (EG; n=43), which received 19 volleyball lessons following the Sport Education Model, and a control group (CG; n=43), which received 19 traditional Physical Education lessons. Pre- and post-intervention measures were taken in both groups. The results showed significant improvements in intrinsic motivation in EG. The results are discussed, and the suitability of the Sport Education Model to improve self-determined behaviors in Physical Education is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain limitations remain unaddressed when utilizing the Teaching Games for Understanding approach, suggesting the need for more research on authentic assessment of skill development and tactical awareness in order to guide the design of developmentally appropriate curriculum materials. This study investigated physical education students' (n=19; age: 13.71 ± 0.4) game performance during an invasion game, specifically the relationship between their skill execution and decision-making ability. The purpose of the study was twofold: (a) to devise and implement a 'game context' approach to assess the game performance components and in doing so, (b) to provide information that could be used to design suitable learning progressions within tactical teaching approaches. Students' game performance was videotaped, and measures of skill execution and decision-making were developed from observational analyses. Decision-making was measured at two levels: a) decision making restricted to the selection of technical-tactical skills (i.e., passing, moving with the ball, getting free, marking, tackling, double teaming and interception; and b) decisionmaking in the adaptation to the tactical contexts of the game. Participants played a 5 vs. 5 modified eight-minute team handball game. Participants scored significantly higher in penetrating-the-defense context adaptation than in keepingthe- ball context adaptation. Participants showed a higher efficiency in decision-making than in execution in most of the technical-tactical skills; including on-the-ball over off-the-ball decision-making, and in attack compared to defensive execution. The findings also revealed significant relationships between decision-making and skill execution in shooting, tackling and passing [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to assess the technical-tactical knowledge of high performance soccer players. The sport performance of sixteen 14-year-olds who play for the Spanish soccer club Albacete Balompie was analysed in a modified game as "seven-a-side match" using video assessment (Game Performance Evaluation Tool, GPET), this tool evaluates decision making and execution: control, dribbling, passing, shooting, getting free, set, marking, clearance, tackling, locking, trapping/interception, and defence help/double teaming. The players were interviewed twice to ascertain their basic knowledge. In the first interview they were asked about their knowledge of invasion games, taking soccer as a reference. In the second interview their procedural knowledge was analysed using video sequences of real game play from a "seven-a-side match". The results revealed that players acquired game performance (decision-making and execution) before specific game knowledge. They also performed better in response selection than response execution, and showed a greater command of offensive play and individual aspects of the game, both in terms of knowledge and game situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Games represent a very important part of the physical education curriculum and the process by which they are learnt is very complex. Constructive teaching theories highlight the existence of knowledge prior to instruction that the pupil actively transforms through verbalisation and interaction with classmates. The results of research studies conducted from the learning perspective reveal wide variations in the knowledge possessed by students, their understanding of the game and motor skills, and the broad range of tactical solutions in a single game situation in accordance with their knowledge of the specific domain. In general terms, most participants in research studies on prior knowledge and the specific domain knowledge have basic knowledge, the level of which is closer to beginners, as well as difficulty in making decisions based on a prior assessment of the game context. Purpose: The aim of this research study is to gauge the declarative and procedural knowledge of the students as well as their performance in a modified invasion game. Participants and setting: A total of 27 fourth-year primary-school students (19 boys and eight girls aged 9-10 years) from an intact group at one public school took part in the study. Research design: A descriptive design was used to measure tactical knowledge and performance in an invasion game. Data collection: Students performed an invasion games knowledge test and were then divided into teams with a similar level of invasion game knowledge for 3 on 3 play in a modified invasion game which was videotaped. Six of the students (three boys and three girls) were then interviewed in order to gauge their invasion games knowledge. As soccer is the most widely played invasion game in Spain, it was used in video sequences as the invasion games content to analyse student's knowledge. Data analysis: Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to analyse differences in variables. Results obtained from the interview were descriptively analysed. Findings: At initial stages of games learning, students had difficulties in using their tactical knowledge in game play. Game performance was higher when students advance on goal than when students kept possession of the ball. No correlation was observed between the knowledge possessed by students and the correct decisions made in relation to the technical/tactical aspects of the game. Conclusions and implications: The results reveal that fourth-year primary-school students attending PE classes have a prior knowledge of invasion games. Determining tactical knowledge and performance by means of a modified invasion game is important in implementing quality games-teaching programmes for schoolchildren. Linking tactical knowledge and performance to the game contexts that students have to resolve is thus an efficient way of investigating and identifying knowledge of the specific domain and students' previous sporting experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundPurposeContext and participantsData collection and analysisFindings and conclusionsThe Activist Approach is a pedagogical approach that includes a wide range of possibilities to understand girls’ needs during their physical activity practice. However, the teachers or coaches who implement this approach must be aware that in the process they will face multiple challenges, such as managing the uncertainty generated by the transfer of power to the participants or the critical reflection on their own beliefs and practices. To date, many studies have focused on negotiating with girls the barriers that limit their participation in Physical Education or other physical activity contexts. However, few studies have examined the challenges of implementing this approach in sporting contexts where gender issues are particularly relevant, such as in traditionally male-dominated sports.Drawing on a poststructuralist feminist lens, this study analyses the process of transformation and learning undergone by the first author (Lucía) in overcoming the challenges of her first experience with the Activist Approach in a football club, a competitive sporting context where gender issues play an important role.The study was carried out with a female football team and the participants were 31 girls aged 12–14, their three coaches, and Lucía and her three critical friends (co-authors).The study was conducted over two sport seasons and a total of 34 sessions were delivered (February 2021-June 2022), following the two phases of the approach: the building the foundation phase and the activist phase. The data collection included the recordings of the sessions conducted with the girls (34), the peer-debriefings (24), the artefacts created by the girls, Lucía’s field journal, the interviews with coaches (4) and the focus groups with the girls (2). A reflective thematic analysis of the data was carried out (Braun and Clarke 2021), providing this with credibility and reflexivity throughout the entire process.Lucía actively negotiated two main challenges in implementing her activist programme with the girls’ football team. The first was finding a balance between her position as a researcher and sharing power in the work sessions with the diversity of femininities. Lucía constructed a good relationship with all the girls but had difficulties getting them to perceive this environment as a learning context. The second challenge was finding a way to support all the girls’ voices and managing the male-dominated and oppressive elements of the competitive masculine culture at the football club, which constrained the development of the educational programme. Although frustration and uncertainty were feelings that the activist researcher experienced throughout her transformative journey, these were part of her learning and personal growth process. This journey allowed her to discover the potential of this approach and her own agency to advocate for social change, addressing the gender inequalities that are still pervasive in football clubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tested the use of two pedagogical principles of Game-based approaches, representation and exaggeration, in the context of game performance of U10 soccer players. Twenty-one players participated in two 3 vs. 3 small-sided games. The first small-sided game was modified by representation. The second small-sided game was modified by enhancing the penetration of the defense tactical problem for invasion games. Decision-making and execution were assessed using the Game Performance Evaluation Tool. No significant differences were observed between games in the number of decision-making units related to keeping possession, nor in those related to penetrating the defense. No significant differences were observed in any execution ability (ball control, passing, dribbling and get free movements). The findings suggested that both games could provide similar degeneracy processes to the players for skill acquisition (specific and contextualized task constraints in which they could develop their game performance and the capability to achieve different outcomes in varying contexts). Probably both games had similar learner-environment dynamics leading players to develop their capabilities for adapting their behaviours to the changing performance situations. More research is necessary, from the ecological dynamics point of view, to determine how we should use small-sided games in Game-based approaches.