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This study aims to establish actionable guidelines and provide strategic insights as a means of increasing the social media effectiveness of consumer brands. Post-related factors in addition to the contextual and temporal factors influencing consumer engagement (i.e., reposting, commenting on or liking posts), as an indicator of social media effectiveness, are considered in detail in the research model. Moreover, the model considers differences between industries as well as social media platforms. A total of 1130 posts made by four brands, two each from the durable goods and fast-moving consumer goods sectors, were collected from Facebook and Twitter in Turkey. Through predictive analysis, four different machine learning algorithms were utilized to develop easy-to-apply plans of action and strategies. The findings highlight the significant impact of videos, images, post frequency and interactivity on engagement. Furthermore, social media platforms and the brands themselves were found to be instrumental in influencing engagement levels, indicating that more than one formula is needed for effective social media management. The range and depth of the post-related factors (e.g., image type, video length, kind of interactivity) considered go far beyond those found in the significant majority of similar studies. Moreover, the unique setting and the novel data analysis algorithms applied set this study apart from similar ones.

BackgroundDespite the benefits offered by an abundance of health applications promoted on app marketplaces (e.g., Google Play Store), the wide adoption of mobile health and e-health apps is yet to come.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the current landscape of smartphone apps that focus on improving and sustaining health and wellbeing. Understanding the categories that popular apps focus on and the relevant features provided to users, which lead to higher user scores and downloads will offer insights to enable higher adoption in the general populace. This study on 1,000 mobile health applications aims to shed light on the reasons why particular apps are liked and adopted while many are not.MethodsUser-generated data (i.e. review scores) and company-generated data (i.e. app descriptions) were collected from app marketplaces and manually coded and categorized by two researchers. For analysis, Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forest and Naïve Bayes Artificial Intelligence algorithms were used.ResultsThe analysis led to features that attracted more download behavior and higher user scores. The findings suggest that apps that mention a privacy policy or provide videos in description lead to higher user scores, whereas free apps with in-app purchase possibilities, social networking and sharing features and feedback mechanisms lead to higher number of downloads. Moreover, differences in user scores and the total number of downloads are detected in distinct subcategories of mobile health apps.ConclusionThis study contributes to the current knowledge of m-health application use by reviewing mobile health applications using content analysis and machine learning algorithms. The content analysis adds significant value by providing classification, keywords and factors that influence download behavior and user scores in a m-health context.

The study was carried out to compare the biodiversity parameters of the ground beetle species in apple orchards managed by conventional and organic farming between 2016 and 2017. Four apple orchards were selected to achieve mentioned aim and 10 pitfall traps were placed in each of the gardens to sample Carabid species. Species richness in gardens managed by organic methods and not pesticides applied was found to be higher than the gardens which were managed with conventional methods and thus applied pesticides. Moreover both the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity indexes were calculated higher in organic apple orchards and found with similar results as species richness for both study years. As expect, dominancy inversely proportional to diversity was measured lower at the gardens managed by organic farming. Population density due to individual of the species, Shannon Evenness, showed mostly unevenly distributed on the graphs at apple orchards managed by conventional methods. The Sörenson Coefficient results, measured monthly between May and August for both years, 2016 and 2017, were defined that the similarities proportion decreased between two different types of the apple orchards (managed by organic, OAF, and conventional, CAF) as long as increasing of pesticide applications. According to the result of the study; as applications of the pesticides increased the richness and diversity of the insect species which present in these kind of agro-ecosystems decreased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out to compare the biodiversity parameters of the insect species in natural and un-natural habitats in Gölcük Nature Park (Isparta Province) between 2018 and 2019. Two natural and two unnatural habitats (impact of tourism) were selected to realize mentioned aim. Totally 40 pitfall traps (10 traps for each habitat) were set up to sample Coleoptera species. Species richness was found higher in natural habitats than unnatural ones. Diversity index (both Shannon-Wiener and Simpson) were calculated higher in natural habitats and as expected, dominancy inversely proportional to diversity was measured lower in natural habitats. Shannon Evenness, population density due to individual of the species showed mostly evenly distributed on the graphs in natural habitats. The Sörenson Coefficient results showed that selected natural and unnatural habitats groups were found similar to each other. The results of the study showed that human activity plays an important role in habitat destruction. It has been revealed that species richness and diversity are negatively affected in habitats with human impact.

This study was conducted in 2019 in Kurşunlu Waterfall Natural Park (Antalya) to investigate the effects of different human activities on insect species. The selected habitats were grouped as habitats with high human activity (K0), low density (K1) and no human activity (K2), and pit trap sampling method was used in these habitats. As a result of the study, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity indexes were found to be higher in the area where human activity is intense compared to the areas where human activity is less and not more balanced. When the percent similarity results between habitats were considered, it was found that habitats did not resemble each other. In addition, this study Dasylabris intermedia (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) species were identified for the first time in Turkey.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate tomato rootstocks with the Mi resistance gene for nematode control and fruit yield, in a greenhouse naturally infested with Meloidogyne arenaria. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four treatments (three resistant rootstocks and the Barbaros susceptible cultivar) and four replicates per treatment. 'Barbaros' was grafted onto the 'Arazi', 'Beauford', and 'King Kong' rootstocks, and compared with nongrafted 'Barbaros'. The maximum daily ambient temperatures in the greenhouse was above 28°C, in some days, during the growing period. The grafted tomato had a lower galling index and egg production than the susceptible tomato; however, no significant differences were observed between the three rootstocks. Likewise, there was no difference for the total cumulative fruit yield between rootstocks. All grafted tomatoes also had significantly higher fruit yields than the nongrafted control. The rootstocks provided fruit yields from 40.07% to 63.86% higher than that of the susceptible control in the nematode-infested soil. The rootstocks with the Mi resistance gene favor a higher tomato fruit yields and inhibit the nematode increase in soils infested with M. arenaria.

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a relatively new term that is characterized by clinical evidence of MI with normal or near-normal coronary arteries on coronary angiography (QCA). To date, there have been no population-based studies on the prevalence of MINOCA in Turkey. The aim of this nationwide study was to document the prevalence and demographics of MINOCA in a Turkish population. Methods: MINOCA-TR is national, multi-center, prospective, all-comer study that was conducted in 32 hospitals. All consecutive patients who were ≥18 years old, diagnosed with MI according to the Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, and had undergone QCA were included in the study. Patients with stable coronary artery disease, unstable angina pectoris, a history of revascularization, and type 4/5 MI were excluded. Results: A total of 1793 patients who were diagnosed with MI and had undergone QCA were screened between March 2018 and October 2018, of whom 1626 (mean age: 61.5+-12.5 years, 70.7% male) were enrolled from 32 centers. The prevalence of MINOCA was 6.7% (n=109) in the overall study population. Compared with non-MINOCA patients, those with MINOCA were younger, had a higher prevalence of the female gender, and had a history of flu. The percentages of current smokers, ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction patients, and those with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia were significantly lower in MINOCA patients (p

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of some commercial microbial fertilizers on root-knot nematode Meloidoyne incognita and tomato growth. For this purpose, pot experiments were carried out in the study; Microbial fertilizers consisting of Nematofix® (N), Rootsafer® (R), Phosfert® (P) and Endoryza® (E) were evaluated as individual and combinations (double, triple and quadruple). While none of the applications caused any increase for stem height in the plants without nematode, some applications used by some combinations (N+R+P, N+P+E, R+P+E, and N+R+P+E) of microbial fertilizers caused significant changes compared to control (p

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are one of the most important agricultural pests that cause serious yield losses in tomato. Resistant tomato cultivars have commonly been used in both conventional and organic agriculture. In tomato, resistance to three most prevalent species of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, is controlled by the Mi-1 gene. However, there are two major limiting factors for efficiency of Mi-1 gene: High soil temperature and occurrence of resistance-breaking (virulent) populations. These populations can emerge either naturally or after repeated exposure on tomatoes with Mi-1 gene. This review summarizes information on some strategies to prevent the emergence of virulent populations and to preserve the durability of plant resistance to Mi-1 gene.

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to search the efficacy of radish (Raphanus sativus) and arugula (Eruca sativa) for the control of Meloidogyne arenaria in the commercial tomato growing greenhouse. R. sativus and E. sativa were used as winter cycle crops and lettuce as a susceptible crop and 4 months after sowing, host level of the treatment plants was evaluated. All parts of R. sativus and E. sativa were incorporated except lettuce was covered with transparent polyethylene film for 4 weeks. R. sativus and E. sativa had not any root galls, and these plants caused reducing number of juveniles in the soil, in contrast to control and lettuce plots before growing tomato. Gall index and egg masses were significantly decreased on tomatoes in plots of applied biofumigation with E. sativa and R. sativus. It was concluded that growing R. sativus and E. sativa as a winter cycle plants before susceptible plants would be helpful to reduce the damage of root-knot nematode M. arenaria and increased crop yields.

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) have specialized and complex relationships with their host plants. A better understanding of interaction between nematode and their host will help to provide new point of view for root-knot nematode management. For this purpose, recently investigations on cellular and molecular basis of root-knot nematode parasitism and host response were reviewed.

Farklı alanlarda yaygın kullanım olanağı bulan su jeti teknolojisi; düşük kesme kuvveti gerektirmesi, esnek ve çok yönlü kesme olanağına sahip olması nedeniyle geleneksel kesme sistemlerine alternatif bir yöntem olarak kullanılmaktadır. Madencilik alanında ilk olarak yumuşak kayaçların kazılması işleminde kullanılan su jeti teknolojisi, kömürün hidrolik kazılabilirliği ile bu alandaki kullanımını arttırmıştır. Günümüzde ise doğal taş ocak işletmeciliğinde blok kesimi ve doğal taş işleme süreçlerinde dekoratif üretim amaçları için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yöntem delik delme ve tünel açma işlemlerinde de kullanım olanağı bulmuştur. Son yıllarda, su jeti teknolojisinin boyut küçültme işlemlerinde kullanımını yaygınlaştırmak için araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, su jeti teknolojisinin madencilik sektöründeki bazı kullanım alanlarına yönelik bir değerlendirme sunulmuştur. Ek olarak su jeti teknolojisinin madencilikte kullanılan diğer kesme sistemlerine göre çeşitli açılardan karşılaştırılması da yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, su jeti teknolojisi ile yapılan kesme işleminde malzeme kaybının az olması, kesim sonrası ikincil işlem gerektirmemesi, toz problemini ortadan kaldırması, kayaç veya kömür parçalanma veriminin artması ve aşınma kaynaklı maliyetlerin azaltılması gibi avantajları nedeniyle madencilik sektöründe verimli bir şekilde kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.

Farklı alanlarda yaygın kullanım olanağı bulan su jeti teknolojisi; düşük kesme kuvveti gerektirmesi, esnek ve çok yönlü kesme olanağına sahip olması nedeniyle geleneksel kesme sistemlerine alternatif bir yöntem olarak kullanılmaktadır. Madencilik alanında ilk olarak yumuşak kayaçların kazılması işleminde kullanılan su jeti teknolojisi, kömürün hidrolik kazılabilirliği ile bu alandaki kullanımını arttırmıştır. Günümüzde ise doğal taş ocak işletmeciliğinde blok kesimi ve doğal taş işleme süreçlerinde dekoratif üretim amaçları için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yöntem delik delme ve tünel açma işlemlerinde de kullanım olanağı bulmuştur. Son yıllarda, su jeti teknolojisinin boyut küçültme işlemlerinde kullanımını yaygınlaştırmak için araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, su jeti teknolojisinin madencilik sektöründeki bazı kullanım alanlarına yönelik bir değerlendirme sunulmuştur. Ek olarak su jeti teknolojisinin madencilikte kullanılan diğer kesme sistemlerine göre çeşitli açılardan karşılaştırılması da yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, su jeti teknolojisi ile yapılan kesme işleminde malzeme kaybının az olması, kesim sonrası ikincil işlem gerektirmemesi, toz problemini ortadan kaldırması, kayaç veya kömür parçalanma veriminin artması ve aşınma kaynaklı maliyetlerin azaltılması gibi avantajları nedeniyle madencilik sektöründe verimli bir şekilde kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.

Waterjet technology finding broad application potential in different areas, due to having low cutting force required and the possibility of flexible and multi-directional cutting, is used as an alternative method over the conventional cutting systems. Waterjet technology, used firstly in excavation processes of soft rocks in mining, has increased its usability with the hydraulic excavation of coal. Nowadays, it is commonly used for block cutting in quarries and processing of natural stones for the purposes of decorative production. The method has the potential use in drilling and tunneling processes too. Recently, investigations have been carried out to enhance the usability of the technology in milling processes. In this study, an assessment of some applications of waterjet technology in mining is presented. Additionally, the technology is compared with other cutting systems used in mining in terms of various aspects as well. As a result of the study, it is determined that the cutting process with waterjet technology could be efficiently used in mining sector because of the advantages such as little material losses, not requiring any additional processes after cutting, eliminating the dust, increasing the fragmentation efficiency of rock or coal, decreasing the costs resulted from wear.

Kömür işletmelerinin çok azı kömür damarlarından elde ettikleri gazı kullanmaktadır. Gazın kullanılamaması ekonomik yönden karlı olabilecek bir kaynağın israf edilmesi anlamına gelmesinin yanısıra, küresel ısınmaya da katkıda bulunmaktadır. Kömür damarlarından elde edilen gazlar, metan konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak doğal gaza alternatif bir kaynak yada elektrik üretimi gibi çeşitli uygulamalarda kullanılabilmektedir. Gazın kullanılmasının ve/veya satışının mümkün olmadığı durumlarda, gaz emisyonunun azaltılması için en iyi yol, gazın yanma yoluyla bertaraf edilmesidir. Bu çalışmada, kömür damarlarından elde edilen metan gazının kullanım teknolojileri detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmış ve uygulamalar hakkında örnekler verilmiştir.

A few coal mines use coalbed methane recovered from coal seams. As well as being unable to use gas means waste of an economically valuable source, it contributes to global warming. Gases recovered from coal mines can be used for various applications as an alternative source to natural gas or such as generation of power related to methane concentration. In cases the sale and/or use of gas would not be profitable, the best way for decreasing gas emissions is to destroy methane via flaring. In this study, the utilization technologies of methane are defined in detail and the examples being in practice are given.