44 results on '"Graziano, Sossio Fabio"'
Search Results
2. The Roman villa at the Castle of Baia (Naples, Italy): investigations on the polychromy of frescoed surfaces by using non-destructive spectroscopic techniques
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Cappelletti, Piergiulio, De Bonis, Alberto, Di Martire, Diego, Esposito, Renata, Germinario, Chiara, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Grifa, Celestino, Izzo, Francesco, Montesano, Giovanna, Morra, Vincenzo, Rispoli, Concetta, and Verde, Maria
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- 2024
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3. A recycled natural resource as secondary raw material for versatile technological applications: the quarry waste from zeolite-rich tuffs
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Mercurio, Mariano, Izzo, Francesco, Langella, Alessio, Rispoli, Concetta, Santaniello, Nicola Davide, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Monetti, Vincenzo, Biondi, Marco, De Rosa, Giuseppe, Mayol, Laura, Villapiano, Fabrizio, Dondi, Michele, Zanelli, Chiara, Molinari, Chiara, Liguori, Barbara, Campanile, Assunta, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2024
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4. Self-assembling nanoparticles with antioxidant activity for ROS scavenging in liver cells
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Nele, Valeria, Melini, Stefania, Campani, Virginia, Angelillo, Alessia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Pirozzi, Claudio, Meli, Rosaria, and De Rosa, Giuseppe
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- 2024
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5. The key to ancient Roman mortars hydraulicity: ceramic fragments or volcanic materials? A lesson from the Phlegrean archaeological area (southern Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, Montesano, Giovanna, Verde, Maria, Balassone, Giuseppina, Columbu, Stefano, De Bonis, Alberto, Di Benedetto, Claudia, D’Uva, Francesco, Esposito, Renata, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2024
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6. Physico-chemical studies of inclusion complex between hydrocortisone and cyclodextrins
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Silvestri, Teresa, D'Aria, Federica, Villapiano, Fabrizio, Scala, Fernando, Mayol, Laura, Aleo, Danilo, Cardullo, Nunzio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Biondi, Marco, and Giancola, Concetta
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- 2023
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7. Fluorescent nanodiamonds as innovative delivery systems for MiR-34a replacement in breast cancer
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Abate, Marianna, Lombardi, Angela, Luce, Amalia, Porru, Manuela, Leonetti, Carlo, Bocchetti, Marco, Campani, Virginia, De Rosa, Giuseppe, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Nele, Valeria, Cardile, Francesco, Marino, Federica Zito, Franco, Renato, Ronchi, Andrea, Scrima, Marianna, Sperlongano, Rossella, Alfano, Roberto, Misso, Gabriella, Amler, Evzen, Caraglia, Michele, and Zappavigna, Silvia
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- 2023
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8. Use of screen glass and polishing sludge in waste-based expanded aggregates for resource-saving lightweight concrete
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Zanelli, Chiara, Molinari, Chiara, de Gennaro, Bruno, Giovinco, Gaspare, Correggia, Cecilia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Dondi, Michele
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- 2022
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9. The ancient pozzolanic mortars of the Thermal complex of Baia (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2019
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10. Thermosensitive In Situ Gelling Poloxamers/Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Hydrocortisone Ocular Delivery.
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Villapiano, Fabrizio, Silvestri, Teresa, Lo Gatto, Camilla, Aleo, Danilo, Campani, Virginia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Giancola, Concetta, D'Aria, Federica, De Rosa, Giuseppe, Biondi, Marco, and Mayol, Laura
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HYALURONIC acid ,THERAPEUTIC use of hyaluronic acid ,HYDROCORTISONE ,BIOAVAILABILITY ,DRUG delivery systems - Abstract
This study endeavored to overcome the physiological barriers hindering optimal bioavailability in ophthalmic therapeutics by devising drug delivery platforms that allow therapeutically effective drug concentrations in ocular tissues for prolonged times. Thermosensitive drug delivery platforms were formulated by blending poloxamers (F68 and F127) with low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) in various concentrations and loaded with hydrocortisone (HC). Among the formulations examined, only three were deemed suitable based on their desirable gelling properties at a temperature close to the eye's surface conditions while also ensuring minimal gelation time for swift ocular application. Rheological analyses unveiled the ability of the formulations to develop gels at suitable temperatures, elucidating the gel-like characteristics around the physiological temperature essential for sustained drug release. The differential scanning calorimetry findings elucidated intricate hydrogel–water interactions, indicating that HA affects the water–polymer interactions within the gel by increasing the platform hydrophilicity. Also, in vitro drug release studies demonstrated significant hydrocortisone release within 8 h, governed by an anomalous transport mechanism, prompting further investigation for optimized release kinetics. The produced platforms offer promising prospects for efficacious ocular drug delivery, addressing pivotal challenges in ocular therapeutics and heralding future advancements in the domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Unveiling the secrets of Roman craftsmanship: mortars from Piscina Mirabilis (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Esposito, Renata, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Langella, Alessio, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2020
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12. Investigating the Effect of Surface Hydrophilicity on the Destiny of PLGA-Poloxamer Nanoparticles in an In Vivo Animal Model.
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Silvestri, Teresa, Grumetto, Lucia, Neri, Ilaria, De Falco, Maria, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Damiano, Sara, Giaquinto, Daniela, Maruccio, Lucianna, de Girolamo, Paolo, Villapiano, Fabrizio, Ciarcia, Roberto, Mayol, Laura, and Biondi, Marco
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POLOXAMERS ,THERMODYNAMICS ,ANIMAL models in research ,NANOPARTICLES ,INTRAPERITONEAL injections ,FLUORESCENT dyes - Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impact of different surface properties of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (P NPs) and PLGA-Poloxamer nanoparticles (PP NPs) on their in vivo biodistribution. For this purpose, NPs were formulated via nanoprecipitation and loaded with diphenylhexatriene (DPH), a fluorescent dye. The obtained NPs underwent comprehensive characterization, encompassing their morphology, technological attributes, DPH release rate, and thermodynamic properties. The produced NPs were then administered to wild-type mice via intraperitoneal injection, and, at scheduled time intervals, the animals were euthanized. Blood samples, as well as the liver, lungs, and kidneys, were extracted for histological examination and biodistribution analysis. The findings of this investigation revealed that the presence of poloxamers led to smaller NP sizes and induced partial crystallinity in the NPs. The biodistribution and histological results from in vivo experiments evidenced that both, P and PP NPs, exhibited comparable concentrations in the bloodstream, while P NPs could not be detected in the other organs examined. Conversely, PP NPs were primarily sequestered by the lungs and, to a lesser extent, by the kidneys. Future research endeavors will focus on investigating the behavior of drug-loaded NPs in pathological animal models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer
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Cuisinier Olivier, Sezer Alper, Graziano Sossio Fabio, and Russo Giacomo
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
In soil stabilisation, the use of alternative products to lime or cement has been proposed. However, the effects of these additives, of various origins, on soil behaviour and stabilizing mechanisms are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this paper is to characterize the modification of the mechanical behaviour and microstructure of two soils after treatment with one of those product, a vinyl based copolymer. After treatment, both materials were compacted up to their maximum dry density. The mechanical behaviour of the materials as a function of the curing conditions, suction and water content was first determined. In a second step, the alteration of the microstructure by the treatment product was assessed. The results showed that the treatment permitted to significantly improve the strength of the tested soils. Moreover, the efficiency of the product increases when the soil is dried. However, the Young modulus is not significantly modified by the treatment. Microstructural reorganization after co-polymer addition has been detected by SEM technique for kaolin samples, whereas no modification have been observed for silt samples.
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- 2020
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14. An Example of Integrated Geological Survey of Geomaterials and their Weathering Forms: the Reggia di Caserta Main Façade.
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Langella, Alessio, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Ciarcia, Sabatino, D'Amore, Marco, Di Martire, Diego, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
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GEOLOGICAL surveys ,ARCHITECTURAL details ,EARTH sciences ,WEATHERING ,STONE ,DRAWING techniques ,MONUMENTS - Abstract
This paper reports a detailed study on some relevant portions of the main façades of Caserta Royal Palace (Reggia di Caserta), one of the most important Italian monuments, comparable for its impressive architecture to the Royal Palace of Versailles in France and considered the largest royal palace in the world by volume. The research was focused on the weathering pathologies affecting the stone surfaces that, in the last decades, suffered several detachments of fragments from the coatings and from other architectural elements such as string courses, eaves, and capitals. A preliminary characterization of the materials of the façades and an evaluation of the relative weathering pathologies provided the information required for appropriate restoration and securing of these portions of the building. In particular, an innovative evaluation procedure which draws on techniques typical of the earth sciences allowed the proposal of a 'risk attitude' applied to discrete portions of the geomaterials used in the built heritage which is based on the influence of different factors leading to weakening of the stone and to the final detachment of rock fragments. Such a large and complete set of information should be carefully considered by the project planners to adopt the required steps for a suitable risk mitigation and for securing the site during restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Cerium-Doped Self-Assembling Nanoparticles as a Novel Anti-Oxidant Delivery System Preserving Mitochondrial Function in Cortical Neurons Exposed to Ischemia-like Conditions.
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Nele, Valeria, Tedeschi, Valentina, Campani, Virginia, Ciancio, Raffaella, Angelillo, Alessia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, De Rosa, Giuseppe, and Secondo, Agnese
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MITOCHONDRIA ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,NANOPARTICLES ,NEURONS - Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction leading to abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), making the use of ROS-scavenging nanomaterials a promising therapeutic approach. Here, we combined the unique ROS-scavenging properties of cerium-based nanomaterials with the lipid self-assembling nanoparticles (SANP) technology. We optimized the preparation of cerium-doped SANP (Ce-SANP) and characterized the formulations in terms of both physiochemical and biological properties. Ce-SANP exhibited good colloidal properties and were able to mimic the activity of two ROS-scavenging enzymes, namely peroxidase and super oxide dismutase. Under ischemia-like conditions, Ce-SANP could rescue neuronal cells from mitochondrial suffering by reducing ROS production and preventing ATP level reduction. Furthermore, Ce-SANP prevented mitochondrial Ca
2+ homeostasis dysfunction, partially restoring mitochondrial Ca2+ handling. Taken together, these results highlight the potential of the anti-oxidant Ce-SANP platform technology to manage ROS levels and mitochondrial function for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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16. Environmental life cycle assessment of lightweight concrete to support recycled materials selection for sustainable design
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Napolano, Loredana, Menna, Costantino, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Asprone, Domenico, D'Amore, Marco, de Gennaro, Roberto, and Dondi, Michele
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Concrete -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Raw materials -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Aggregates (Building materials) -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Green design -- Analysis ,Sustainable living -- Analysis ,Business ,Construction and materials industries - Abstract
ABSTRACT The constant increase in consumption of aggregates for concrete production represents a major environmental issue in the construction industry. Recycled wastes might be used as raw materials in the [...]
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- 2016
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17. The art of building in the Roman period (89 B.C.-79 A.D.): Mortars, plasters and mosaic floors from ancient Stabiae (Naples, Italy)
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Izzo, Francesco, Arizzi, Anna, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Cultrone, Giuseppe, De Bonis, Alberto, Germinario, Chiara, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Grifa, Celestino, Guarino, Vincenza, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Langella, Alessio
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Mortar -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Concrete -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Business ,Construction and materials industries - Abstract
ABSTRACT This current research is focused on the mineralogical and petrographic characterisation of mortar-based materials from Villa San Marco in the ancient Stabiae (modern Castellammare di Stabia, Napoli), an outstanding [...]
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- 2016
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18. Immobilization of Cs and Sr in aluminosilicate matrices derived from natural zeolites
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Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Rapisardo, Gianmarco, de Gennaro, Bruno, Colella, Abner, Langella, Alessio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Bish, David Lee, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
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- 2011
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19. Surface-modified phillipsite-rich tuff from the Campania region (southern Italy) as a promising drug carrier: An ibuprofen sodium salt trial
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Mercurio, Mariano, Izzo, Francesco, Langella, Alessio, Grifa, Celestino, Germinario, Chiara, Daković, Aleksandra, Aprea, Paolo, Pasquino, Rossana, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Fabio Sossio, de Gennaro, Bruno, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, Mercurio, Mariano, Izzo, Francesco, Langella, Alessio, Grifa, Celestino, Germinario, Chiara, Daković, Aleksandra, Aprea, Paolo, Pasquino, Rossana, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Fabio Sossio, de Gennaro, Bruno, and Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Surface modified ,Phillipsite ,Salt (chemistry) ,02 engineering and technology ,IBUPROFEN SODIUM ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Geophysics ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Phillipsite, Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, ibuprofen sodium salt, functionalization, SMNZ, carrier, drug delivery, Sips model, Toth model ,Microporous Materials: Crystal-Chemistry, Properties, and Utilizations ,0210 nano-technology ,Drug carrier ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The encapsulation and delivery of drugs often involves the use of expensive microporous materials, and we have investigated the potential for natural zeolites from the widespread volcanic formations of southern Italy as alternatives to these carriers. Surface-modified natural zeolites (SMNZs) with diverse micellar structures (patchy and complete bilayers) were obtained by using different cationic surfactants [cetylpyridinium chloride (CP-Cl), benzalkonium chloride (BC-Cl), hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HDTMA-Cl), and bromide (HDTMA-Br) with phillipsite-rich tuff from the Campania region (southern Italy)]. Loading and release kinetics tests of sodium ibuprofen (IBU) were carried out with organo-phillipsite composites using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analysis coupled with evolved gas analysis (EGA). Results from these tests were mathematically modeled to evaluate IBU adsorption and release mechanisms. The maximum loaded amount of IBU was attained for organo-phillipsite modified with HDTMA-Br (PHB), which showed a complete bilayer micellar structure. Whenever a patchy bilayer micellar structure formed, the lowest adsorptions of IBU were observed. Equilibrium adsorption results were fit using Langmuir, Sips, and Toth models. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order fits to the loading kinetic data provided significant goodness of fit. Good fits to the release kinetic data were obtained using first-order and Weibull equations, shedding new light on the release mechanism of IBU from phillipsite. The active amount of IBU on the modified zeolite surface was almost totally available for pharmaceutical purposes.
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- 2018
20. CHARACTERIZATION OF ROMAN MORTARS: THE EXAMPLES OF VILLA DEL CAPO AND VILLA DEL PEZZOLO (SORRENTO PENINSULA)
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Rispoli, Concetta, Vincenza GUARINO, Alberto De Bonis, Di Benedetto, C., Esposito, R., Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Morra, V., Cappelletti, P., Rispoli, Concetta, Guarino, V., DE BONIS, Alberto, Di Benedetto, C., Esposito, R., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Morra, V., and Cappelletti, P.
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- 2018
21. A case study of zeolitization process: "Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere" (Vico volcano, Italy): inferences for a general model.
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Novembre, Daniela, Gimeno, Domingo, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Graziano, Sossio Fabio
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ZEOLITES ,MINERAL analysis ,X-ray spectroscopy ,SPECTRUM analysis ,SILICATE minerals - Abstract
This paper focuses on the authigenic mineralization processes acting on "Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere" (TRS), i.e. one of the main pyroclastic units of the Vico stratovolcano (Latium, Italy). The pyroclastic deposits appear in general massive and made of "black vitreous vesiculated juvenile scoriae", immersed in an ashy matrix lithified after zeolitization processes. The main minerals are chabazite and phillipsite, and the zeolitic content is locally variable, reaching 68%wt. Zeolites grow replacing both amorphous fraction and pre-existing phases, occurring inside both matrix and scoriae. Concerning scoriae, zeolitization moves from the rim to the core of the scoriaceous fragment as a function of (a) temperature of the fluids and (b) permeability (primary or secondary). Composition of parental fresh glass and that of zeolitized rocks is compatible with trachyte chemistry, lightly undersaturated in SiO
2 , and the alteration processes modified the parental rock chemical features. Zeolites genesis is ascribed to a "geoautoclave-like system", and zeolites display a Si=Al ratio similar to that of the parental glasses. TRS presents promising mineralogical characteristics as supplementary cementitious material in the production of mixed cements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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22. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer.
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Cardoso, R., Jommi, C., Romero, E., Cuisinier, Olivier, Sezer, Alper, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and Russo, Giacomo
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- 2020
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23. The Roman villa of Positano (southern Italy): preliminary mineralogical study of various archaeological findings
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BALASSONE, GIUSEPPINA, CAMPANELLI, MARCELLA, DI BENEDETTO, CLAUDIA, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, GUARINO, VINCENZA, RISPOLI, CONCETTA, CAPPELLETTI, PIERGIULIO, MORRA, VINCENZO, Di Maio, G., Iannelli, M. A., De Bonis, A., Balassone, Giuseppina, Campanelli, Marcella, Di Maio, G., Iannelli, M. A., De Bonis, A., DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Morra, Vincenzo
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Roman villa, Positano, Julio-Claudian age, pyroclasts, artifacts - Abstract
At Positano, the renowned town of the Amalfi coast (Salerno province), a Roman villa was found beneath the church of Santa Maria Assunta. It likely dates back to I century BC - I century AD (Julio-Claudian age) and belonged to the freedman Posides Claudi Caesaris, from whose the town might probably derive the name (Della Corte, 1936). The villae were prestigious residences disseminated as status symbol of the wealthy Roman people all around the coastal areas of the Campania region (i.e. Vesuvian villae; Maiuri, 1955. Guzzo & Guidobaldi, 2008). During the 79 AD eruption of the Vesuvius the residence was suddenly destroyed and covered by a volcanoclastic debris flow more than 10 m thick, composed of a mass of gray ashes with large amount of high-porosity welded pumices. During the Middle age, Benedictine monks built an abbey on the same site of the Posides’ villa, then transformed in the present church dedicate to the Virgin. At the beginning of the 2000, the Archaeological Superintendence started the recovery of the overlying Benedictine crypts and extended the excavation and recovery also downward to the villa remains. Inside the crypts it was possible to unearth, descending in the villa from tiles roof till to mosaic pavement, a luxurious triclinio. Imprints of holes related to large wood poles (now replaced with plaster casts), as well as fragments of the roof, coffered ceiling, doors and other wooden remains were found embedded in the volcanoclastic mud. Tuff walls are decorated with fine plasters, polychrome frescoes of excellent painters, with hippocampus, eagle poised upon a globe, Pegasus and Cupids. These lively compositions are basically made by some colors, like the “Pompeian” red, blue and yellow ochre. This work reports a preliminary archaeometric study of various artifacts from the Positano villa, represented by plasters, fresco fragments, tile and other materials. Small but representative samples of the different findings were analyzed, in order to reach our characterization scopes and to provide useful information on probable future restoration activities. The analytical techniques used for mineralogical and petrographic study are: optical and stereoscopic studies on thin sections, modal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM) and energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data concerning the composition of the artifacts and manufacturing techniques will be reported and compared with the reference literature. Della Corte M. 1936. Posides Claudi Caesaris libertus – Positano da Posidetanum? Rivista Indo-greca-Italica, 20, 67-73 Guzzo P.G. & Guidobaldi M.P. 2007. Nuove ricerche archeologiche nell'area vesuviana (scavi 2003-2006). Atti Conv. Int. Roma 1-3 febbraio, L’Erma di Bretschneider, 629 p. Maiuri A. 1955. Le vicende dei monumenti antichi della costa amalfitana e sorrentina alla luce delle recenti alluvioni. Rend. Acc. Arch. Lett. Belle Arti Napoli, XXIX, 87-98.
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- 2016
24. Multidisciplinary Approach for Evaluating the Geochemical Degradation of Building Stone Related to Pollution Sources in the Historical Center of Naples (Italy).
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Comite, Valeria, Ricca, Michela, Ruffolo, Silvestro Antonio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Rovella, Natalia, Rispoli, Concetta, Gallo, Chiara, Randazzo, Luciana, Barca, Donatella, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and La Russa, Mauro Francesco
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LASER ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,BUILDING stones ,INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,HISTORICAL source material ,POLARIZATION microscopy ,X-ray powder diffraction ,POLLUTION - Abstract
Natural stones have represented one of the main building materials since ancient times. In recent decades, a worsening in degradation phenomena related mostly to environmental pollution was observed, threatening their conservation. The present work is focused on the minero-petrographic and geochemical characterization of black crust (BC) samples taken from the historical center of Naples, after selecting two pilot monumental areas. The latter were chosen based on their historical importance, type of material, state of preservation and position in the urban context (i.e., high vehicular traffic area, limited traffic area, industrial area, etc.). The building materials used and their interaction with environmental pollutions were studied comparing the results obtained by means of different analytical techniques such as polarized light Optical Microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion system (SEM-EDS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and laser ablation coupled with inductive plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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25. THE ROMAN VILLA OF POSITANO (CAMPANIA REGION, SOUTHERN ITALY): PLASTERS, TILES AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION.
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GRAZIANO, Sossio Fabio, RISPOLI, Concetta, GUARINO, Vincenza, BALASSONE, Giuseppina, DI MAIO, Giovanni, PAPPALARDO6, Lucia, CAPPELLETTI, Piergiulio, DAMATO, Giulio, DE BONIS, Alberto, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, D'ORAZIO, Loredana, and MORRA, Vincenzo
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GLAZES ,PLASTER ,TILES ,DOMESTIC architecture ,GARNET ,RAW materials ,PIGMENTS ,FELDSPAR - Abstract
A Roman luxury villa (1
st century BC) was discovered in the town of Positano, in the Sorrento peninsula (Campania region, southern Italy). Despite being more than 20 km away from Vesuvius, the villa was buried under almost overall 20 meters (total thickness) of pyclastic materials of the Plinian eruption of 79 AD, which destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum towns. The exceptional level of conservation of this residential complex is due to the peculiar burial process, which determined the excellent state of preservation of both the fresco decorations (Fourth Style) and all other artefacts (masonries, plasters, tiles, furnishing remains, wooden elements, kitchenware, glazed oil lamps, bronze vessels and other metallic findings, etc.). This study presents the results of a multi-analytical archaeometric analysis of plasters, fresco pigments and roof tiles, aimed at identifying their mineralogical and petrographic nature and the provenance of raw materials. Constraints to the geoarchaeological landscape of the Positano area are also given. The analyzed plasters are mainly lime-based, usually with the addition of an aggregate. The anchoring layer is made by a volcanic component, characterized by clinopyroxene, alkali feldspar, garnet, amphibole, biotite and leucite crystals, together with a sedimentary component represented by carbonatic fragments, also with traces of microfossils. The features of plasters confirm the high degree of technological standardization of plasters in classical Roman age. Mineral pigments recognized by preliminary XRD are mainly iron-based for the ochers-red-crimson colors and copper-based for green-blues colors. In the roof tiles two kind of tempers are identified. In three samples a volcanic temper was identified, and represented by clinopyroxene, feldspar, garnet and leucite, whereas the temper of a fourth sample contained pumices with minor amounts of alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene and biotite. The raw materials are of local provenance (Somma-Vesuvius, Phlegraean Fields, Apennine limestones), and the microstructure of the materials are comparable with similar artefacts from Pompeii, Herculaneum and other Roman sites in Campania region. On the basis of geoarchaeological investigations, here reported, it is reasonable to think that there are other unearthed archaeological areas in Positano that will require further study to be properly known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
26. Sinkholes threatening places of worship in the historic center of Naples
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Rispoli, Concetta, Di Martire, Diego, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and Guerriero, Luigi
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- 2020
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27. ROMANS' ESTABLISHED SKILLS: MORTARS FROM D46b MAUSOLEUM, PORTA MEDIANA NECROPOLIS, CUMA (NAPLES).
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Di Benedetto, Claudia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *MORTAR , *BINDING agents , *SHOTCRETE , *GROUT (Mortar) - Abstract
Roman mortars from a mausoleum (named D46b) belonging to the archaeological site of Porta Mediana necropolis, in Cuma (Naples, Southern Italy) have been studied by means of petrographic, mineralogical and micro-chemical analyses. The aim of this research is to fill the knowledge gap regarding mortar-based materials used in Roman age within this wide archaeological site. Two typologies of mortars (bedding and coating) were collected from mausoleum's masonry. They were lime-based with addition of pozzolanic materials, according to Vitruvius' recipe. Raw materials, such as volcanic sand and limestones, mainly from local sources, were preferentially used as aggregate, both for great availability and good properties. As regard production techniques, the multi-layer feature of the coating mortars, once again shows the great knowledge of the building art. Each layer is the result of a precise choice, as shown by the differences both in texture and petrographic features. Data from detailed mortars characterization have infer the outstanding skill of Roman craftsmen, as already proved by extraordinary durability of buildings. The research was very useful not only to increase the knowledge of this ancient culture but also to planning conservative actions, that, through mortar reproduction or the research of suitable materials, can promote the safeguard of this invaluable heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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28. TECHNOLOGY AND BUILDING MATERIALS IN ROMAN AGE (1st BC - 2nd AD): THE "MAUSOLEO DELLA SFINGE" FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF CUMA (ITALY).
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Morra, Vincenzo
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- *
ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL finds , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL discoveries , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL assemblages , *ANTIQUITIES - Abstract
This research aims to deepen knowledge on geomaterials used in building operations of a very important monumental complex belonging to the "Porta Mediana" necropolis the archeological site of Cuma. The entire site counts 70 mausoleums among which, the one named "Sphinx complex" or A63, is particularly important. For its realization several geomaterials have been used. Analytical results were carried out from several techniques such as optical microscopy, microchemical and mineralogical-petrographical analysis, scanning electron microscopy with EDS and X-ray powder diffraction. This approach allows to clarify the provenance of natural geomaterials and also the technological processes involved in the production of artificial geomaterials (mortars, plasters, cocciopesto). Phlegrean tuffs, due to their easy workability and good mechanical features, were used mainly for masonries and for decorative function (a bas-relief of a "sphinx" for example). As far as artificial geomaterials are concerned, the use of a volcanic aggregate, was privileged too. Some examples of imported stones were also found: limestones and marbles, the first one implemented as a building material for cippi of the fence while the second one for prestigious coating elements. Results permitted to evaluate building techniques of the period and mainly the wide potential of Phlegrean fields' materials when used as a bulding stone. This research aims also to give important informations for restoring and conservative actions useful for mausoleums of the entire site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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29. Structural Concretes with Waste-Based Lightweight Aggregates: From Landfill to Engineered Materials.
- Author
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DE' GENNARO, ROBERTO, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, CAPPELLETTI, PIERGIULIO, COLELLA, ABNER, DONDI, MICHELE, LANGELLA, ALESSIO, and DE' GENNARO, MAURIZIO
- Subjects
- *
WASTE products as building materials , *REINFORCED concrete , *GRANITE industry , *CERAMIC industries , *MINERAL aggregates , *MUDSTONE - Abstract
This research provides possible opportunities in the reuse of waste and particularly muds, coming from both ornamental stone (granite sludges from sawing and polishing operations) and ceramic production (porcelain stoneware tile polishing sludge), for the manufacture of lightweight aggregates. Lab simulation of the manufacturing cycle was performed by pelletizing and firing the waste mixes in a rotative furnace up to 1300 °C, and determining composition and physicomechanical properties of lightweight aggregates. The best formulation was used to produce and test lightweight structural concretes according to standard procedures. Both granite and porcelain stoneware polishing sludges exhibits suitable tiring behavior due to the occurrence of SiC (an abrasive component) which, by decomposing at high temperature with gas release, acts as a bloating promoter, resulting in aggregates with particle density <1 Mg/m³. However, slight variations of mixture composition produce aggregates with rather different properties, going from values close to those of typical commercial expanded clays (particle density 0.68 Mg/m³, strength of particle 1.2 MPa) to products with high mechanical features (particle density 1.25 Mg/m³ strength of particle 6.9 MPa). The best formulation (50 wt.% porcelain stoneware polishing sludge +50 wt.% granite sawing sludge) was used to successfully manufacture lightweight structural concretes with suitable properties (compressive strength 28 days >20 MPa, bulk density 1.4-2.0 Mg/m³). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. New Insights of Historical Mortars Beyond Pompei: The Example of Villa del Pezzolo, Sorrento Peninsula.
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Rispoli, Concetta, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
- *
GARNET , *MORTAR , *X-ray powder diffraction , *DOMESTIC architecture , *SCANNING electron microscopy , *PENINSULAS - Abstract
The topic of this study is the archaeometric characterization of mortars from Villa del Pezzolo, a Roman Villa located in Seiano (Napoli-Campania, Italy), dated between the 1st century B.C. and the 3rd century A.D. Mortars were analyzed by means of a multi-analytical approach (polarized optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersed spectrometry, thermal analyses and mercury intrusion porosimetry) according to existing recommendations. Analytical results evidenced the use of local geomaterials composed of sedimentary and volcanic aggregates in the mix design and confirmed the three distinct building phases identified by archaeologists. Volcanic tuff fragments, identified in the 1st building phase can be ascribed to Campanian Ignimbrite formation, widely cropping out in the Sorrento Peninsula, as confirmed by the presence of glassy shards, partially devitrified and replaced by authigenic feldspar, a typical feature of welded grey ignimbrite lithofacies (WGI). Volcanic aggregates in samples of the 2nd and 3rd building phases show, instead, the presence of leucite-bearing volcanic scoriae and garnet crystal fragments related to Somma-Vesuvius products. Study of these mortars allowed us to: (1) understand the production technologies; (2) highlight use of materials with hydraulic behavior, such as volcanic and fictile fragments; (3) confirm the three building phases from compositional features of mortars and (4) highlight the change over time of the volcanic aggregate for mortars mix-design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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31. X-ray Diffractometry in Forensic Science
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Piergiulio Cappelletti, Sossio Fabio Graziano, David L. Bish, Mariano Mercurio, Alessio Langella, Rosa Maria Di Maggio, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, and Bish, David L.
- Subjects
X-ray diffractometry · Diffraction · Diffractometer · Diffractometry in forensic sciences - Abstract
X-ray Diffractometry is a very useful analytical technique to achieve detailed information about the crystal structure and mineralogical composition, qualitative and quantitative, of matter. It is a technique that exploits the interaction between solid matter and X-rays that, converged on a substance, are diffracted. The outgoing X-rays, on the basis of the wavelength of the incident beam and according to the path within the analyzed sample provide information on fundamental param- eters of the crystalline state as the distance of the lattice planes and the parameters of the elementary cell. The analytical result is called diffraction pattern containing a series of peaks that show the intensity and angular position of the diffracted X-rays. Typically, a diffraction pattern represents, for individual minerals, a kind of distinct fingerprint and can be used to easily identify the material or distinguish it from others, especially with the use of modern databases. X-Ray Diffractometry can be successfully used in a variety of fields: building materials, geological sam- ples, environmental pollutants and increasingly by forensic sciences as a scientific aid for the analysis of evidence from crime scenes.
- Published
- 2023
32. Ancient Roman Mortars from Anfiteatro Flavio (Pozzuoli, Southern Italy): A Mineralogical, Petrographic and Chemical Study
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Giovanna Montesano, Maria Verde, Stefano Columbu, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Luigi Guerriero, Maria Laura Iadanza, Annalisa Manna, Concetta Rispoli, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Montesano, Giovanna, Verde, Maria, Columbu, Stefano, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Guerriero, Luigi, Iadanza, Maria Laura, Manna, Annalisa, Rispoli, Concetta, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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Roman amphitheater ,Roman mortars ,hydraulicity ,minero-petrographic characterization ,Phlegraean Fields ,Materials Chemistry ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Abstract
This research is based on the characterization of ancient mortars from the Anfiteatro Flavio (Pozzuoli) dating back to the 1st and 2nd century CE through a multi-analytical approach involving macroscopic, mineralogical, petrographic, and chemical investigations. The goal that has been set is to deepen knowledge about mortar mix design, the provenance of used raw materials, and secondary minerogenetic processes that have occurred within ancient Roman mortars. Results show that: (i) raw materials for mortar preparation have a local provenance, i.e., Phlegraean Fields area; (ii) mortars can be considered as hydraulic; (iii) calcite presence could be due to a non-complete calcination process, an improper slaking or to exposition of materials to the subaerial environment; (iv) gypsum is due to calcite sulfation process; (v) halite presence is due to marine aerosol exposition. The achieved information testifies that, for at least two centuries, Roman builders considered the identified mortar mix as optimal for their buildings, but also contributes to the understanding of their technical skills and represents an important first step to planning future restoration operations.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Use of screen glass and polishing sludge in waste-based expanded aggregates for resource-saving lightweight concrete
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Sossio Fabio Graziano, Chiara Zanelli, Chiara Molinari, Bruno de Gennaro, Gaspare Giovinco, Cecilia Correggia, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Michele Dondi, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Zanelli, Chiara, Molinari, Chiara, DE GENNARO, Bruno, Giovinco, Gaspare, Correggia, Cecilia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Dondi, Michele
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Tile polishing mud ,Lightweight expanded aggregate ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Strategy and Management ,Industrial waste recycling ,Building and Construction ,Lightweight concrete ,Screen glass waste ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate different lightweight concretes for the first time formulated with lightweight expanded aggregates produced only with industrial waste. The motive is that a lack of knowledge still exists in the literature about how to integrate these waste-based aggregates in lightweight concrete. To achieve the desired bloating and aggregates physical properties, PC-TV screen glass and ceramic tile polishing sludge were selected as suitable raw materials. Both were characterized by mineralogical and chemical analyses and the effect of different combinations was pointed out. Hot-stage microscopy was used to determine the bloating rates and firing behavior. Lightweight expanded aggregates were obtained using both static laboratory kiln and rotating pilot kiln, by firing at maximum temperatures between 1150 and 1200 ◦C, to simulate the industrial production process and favor scaling up. The so obtained aggregates were characterized from the physical-mechanical point of view, highlighting an important bloating attitude and bulk density lower than 700 kg/m3 for all the test conditions. Bulk density, water absorption and mechanical properties are fully comparable to commercial counterparts. The best material was used as coarse aggregate in lightweight structural concrete and cellular concrete prepared at pilot scale (for structural application and thermal/acoustic insulation, respectively). The technical properties are consistent with standard requirements of compressive strength (>25 MPa for lightweight structural concrete) and thermal conductivity (18–24 W/m*K for cellular concrete). These results demonstrate the technological feasibility of using waste-based aggregates into lightweight concrete design, according to a circular economy vision.
- Published
- 2022
34. THE ROMAN VILLA OF POSITANO (CAMPANIA REGION, SOUTHERN ITALY): PLASTERS, TILES AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION
- Author
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Graziano, S. F., Rispoli, C., Guarino, V., Balassone, G., Di Maio, G., Pappalardo, L., Cappelletti, P., Damato, G., Alberto De Bonis, Di Benedetto, C., D Orazio, L., Morra, V., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Rispoli, Concetta, Guarino, Vincenza, Balassone, Giuseppina, DI MAIO, Giovanni, Pappalardo, Lucia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Damato, Giulio, DE BONIS, Alberto, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, D'Orazio, Loredana, and Morra, Vincenzo
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Plasters s.s ,Positano ,Geomaterial ,Pigment ,southern Italy ,Arriccio ,Geoarchaeological landscape ,Vesuviu ,Pompeii eruption ,Tile ,Roman villa - Abstract
A Roman luxury villa (1st century BC) was discovered in the town of Positano, in the Sorrento peninsula (Campania region, southern Italy). Despite being more than 20 km away from Vesuvius, the villa was buried under almost overall 20 meters (total thickness) of pyclastic materials of the Plinian eruption of 79 AD, which destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum towns. The exceptional level of conservation of this residential complex is due to the peculiar burial process, which determined the excellent state of preservation of both the fresco decorations (Fourth Style) and all other artefacts (masonries, plasters, tiles, furnishing remains, wooden elements, kitchenware, glazed oil lamps, bronze vessels and other metallic findings, etc.). This study presents the results of a multi-analytical archaeometric analysis of plasters, fresco pigments and roof tiles, aimed at identifying their mineralogical and petrographic nature and the provenance of raw materials. Constraints to the geoarchaeological landscape of the Positano area are also given. The analyzed plasters are mainly lime-based, usually with the addition of an aggregate. The anchoring layer is made by a volcanic component, characterized by clinopyroxene, alkali feldspar, garnet, amphibole, biotite and leucite crystals, together with a sedimentary component represented by carbonatic fragments, also with traces of microfossils. The features of plasters confirm the high degree of technological standardization of plasters in classical Roman age. Mineral pigments recognized by preliminary XRD are mainly iron-based for the ochers-red-crimson colors and copper-based for green-blues colors. In the roof tiles two kind of tempers are identified. In three samples a volcanic temper was identified, and represented by clinopyroxene, feldspar, garnet and leucite, whereas the temper of a fourth sample contained pumices with minor amounts of alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene and biotite. The raw materials are of local provenance (Somma-Vesuvius, Phlegraean Fields, Apennine limestones), and the microstructure of the materials are comparable with similar artefacts from Pompeii, Herculaneum and other Roman sites in Campania region. On the basis of geoarchaeological investigations, here reported, it is reasonable to think that there are other unearthed archaeological areas in Positano that will require further study to be properly known
- Published
- 2020
35. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer
- Author
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Giacomo Russo, Olivier Cuisinier, Alper Sezer, Sossio Fabio Graziano, various, Cuisinier, Olivier, Sezer, Alper, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Russo, Giacomo, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ege Üniversitesi (EGU), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, European Project: 778120,GeoRES, and University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
- Subjects
Materials science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Young's modulus ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Silt ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Composite material ,Water content ,Curing (chemistry) ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Lime ,Cement ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,[SPI.GCIV.CD]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Construction durable ,[SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique ,Microstructure ,6. Clean water ,Stabilization ,Soil water ,engineering ,symbols - Abstract
GDS;VJ Tech, 4th European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2020 -- 19 October 2020 through 21 October 2020 -- -- 164161, In soil stabilisation, the use of alternative products to lime or cement has been proposed. However, the effects of these additives, of various origins, on soil behaviour and stabilizing mechanisms are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this paper is to characterize the modification of the mechanical behaviour and microstructure of two soils after treatment with one of those product, a vinyl based copolymer. After treatment, both materials were compacted up to their maximum dry density. The mechanical behaviour of the materials as a function of the curing conditions, suction and water content was first determined. In a second step, the alteration of the microstructure by the treatment product was assessed. The results showed that the treatment permitted to significantly improve the strength of the tested soils. Moreover, the efficiency of the product increases when the soil is dried. However, the Young modulus is not significantly modified by the treatment. Microstructural reorganization after co-polymer addition has been detected by SEM technique for kaolin samples, whereas no modification have been observed for silt samples. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences 2020., Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020 H2020 Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Actions, MSCA: 778120, The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 778120.
- Published
- 2020
36. New Insights of Historical Mortars Beyond Pompei: The Example of Villa del Pezzolo, Sorrento Peninsula
- Author
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Claudia Di Benedetto, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Vincenza Guarino, Renata Esposito, Alberto De Bonis, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Concetta Rispoli, Rispoli, Concetta, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,lcsh:QE351-399.2 ,Geochemistry ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Feldspar ,01 natural sciences ,Archaeological science ,Peninsula ,Villa del Pezzolo ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,sorrento peninsula ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,lcsh:Mineralogy ,Feature (archaeology) ,Geology ,Authigenic ,ancient mortars ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,ancient mortar ,Volcano ,constructive phases ,visual_art ,constructive phase ,raw materials ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,multi-analytical characterization ,Sedimentary rock ,archaeometry ,Mortar ,production technology ,hydraulicity index - Abstract
The topic of this study is the archaeometric characterization of mortars from Villa del Pezzolo, a Roman Villa located in Seiano (Napoli-Campania, Italy), dated between the 1st century B.C. and the 3rd century A.D. Mortars were analyzed by means of a multi-analytical approach (polarized optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersed spectrometry, thermal analyses and mercury intrusion porosimetry) according to existing recommendations. Analytical results evidenced the use of local geomaterials composed of sedimentary and volcanic aggregates in the mix design and confirmed the three distinct building phases identified by archaeologists. Volcanic tuff fragments, identified in the 1st building phase can be ascribed to Campanian Ignimbrite formation, widely cropping out in the Sorrento Peninsula, as confirmed by the presence of glassy shards, partially devitrified and replaced by authigenic feldspar, a typical feature of welded grey ignimbrite lithofacies (WGI). Volcanic aggregates in samples of the 2nd and 3rd building phases show, instead, the presence of leucite-bearing volcanic scoriae and garnet crystal fragments related to Somma-Vesuvius products. Study of these mortars allowed us to: (1) understand the production technologies, (2) highlight use of materials with hydraulic behavior, such as volcanic and fictile fragments, (3) confirm the three building phases from compositional features of mortars and (4) highlight the change over time of the volcanic aggregate for mortars mix-design.
- Published
- 2019
37. The archaeological site of 'Porta Mediana' necropolis, Cuma, Italy. Geomaterials from a case-study mausoleum
- Author
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di benedetto c, graziano s f, guarino v, rispoli c, munzi p, cappelletti p, morra v, Società Geologica Italiana, Cristian Biagioni, Bernardo Carmina, Yuri Galanti, Marco Pasero, Fabio Massimo Petti, di benedetto, C, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Guarino, V, Rispoli, C, Munzi, P, Cappelletti, P, and Morra, V
- Published
- 2017
38. Lightweight aggregates from waste materials: Reappraisal of expansion behavior and prediction schemes for bloating
- Author
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R. de Gennaro, Chiara Zanelli, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Alessio Langella, M. D’Amore, Michele Dondi, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Mariarosa Raimondo, M., Dondi, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, D'Amore, Marco, DE GENNARO, Roberto, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Langella, A., Raimondo, M., and C., Zanelli
- Subjects
Expansion ,Absorption of water ,Materials science ,Waste recycling ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Raw material ,law.invention ,law ,021105 building & construction ,Lightweight aggregate ,General Materials Science ,Ceramic ,Process engineering ,Filtration ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Aggregate (composite) ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Bloating ,Building and Construction ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,Characterization (materials science) ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Tile ,Bloating Expansion Lightweight aggregate Waste recycling ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
There is a growing concern on lightweight aggregates (LWA) for recycling of waste materials: this manufacturing technology is considered a flexible tool to make it possible the conversion of large amounts of residues into building products. The main challenge for this purpose is the control on the technological behavior during firing of waste-bearing batches. The target is engineering the sintering and expansion of LWA in order to tailor bulk density, mechanical strength and water absorption on various possible applications (e.g., structural and non-structural lightweight concretes, lightweight mortars, filtration substrates, floriculture). The prediction of the aggregate expansion - and hence the batch design - is usually carried out utilizing the Riley's and/or Cougny's schemes, which are based on the bulk chemical composition of clay bodies. However, collecting the literature data on waste-based LWA and plotting them in the Riley's and Cougny's diagrams, no reliable discrimination turns out between expanding and non-expanding batches. In the same way, the attempt to modify the Riley's and Cougny's parameters, including elements present in wastes but not in natural raw materials, was unsuccessful. From this standpoint, a new approach to assess the batch expandability was developed through a deeper comprehension of mechanisms acting on sintering and expansion of LWA. A specific characterization protocol was set up, entailing hot-stage microscopy and determination of phase composition and microstructure. This implies a paradigm shift from batch (chemical composition) to vitreous phase (amount, chemical composition, and viscosity at high temperature). The vitreous phase plays a key-role for bloating, microstructure and physical properties of LWA. A working example is presented about new LWA based on waste glasses, ceramic tile polishing sludge and clay raw materials. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2016
39. Environmental life cycle assessment of lightweight concrete to support recycled materials selection for sustainable design
- Author
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Domenico Asprone, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Roberto de Gennaro, Costantino Menna, Marco D’Amore, Loredana Napolano, Michele Dondi, Napolano, Loredana, Menna, Costantino, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Asprone, Domenico, D'Amore, Marco, DE GENNARO, Roberto, and Dondi, Michele
- Subjects
Engineering ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Raw material ,01 natural sciences ,Civil engineering ,Lightweight concrete ,Environmental issue ,021105 building & construction ,Lightweight aggregate ,Sustainable design ,General Materials Science ,Life-cycle assessment ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Expanded clay ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Building and Construction ,Construction industry ,Sustainability ,Materials Science (all) ,business ,Lightweight aggregates - Abstract
The constant increase in consumption of aggregates for concrete production represents a major environmental issue in the construction industry. Recycled wastes might be used as raw materials in the manufacturing of artificial LightWeight Aggregates (LWAs) in substitution and/or in combination with aggregates produced using natural sources for several end-uses, thus saving non-renewable resources. In this study, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is performed for different LWAs manufactured with raw materials supplied by nature or waste. Then, the LCA is conducted on different concretes made of the different LWAs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Porosity as key factor in the durability of two historical building stones: Neapolitan Yellow Tuff and Vicenza Stone
- Author
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Domenico Calcaterra, C. Di Benedetto, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Monica Favaro, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Abner Colella, Alessio Langella, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Favaro, M., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Langella, A., Calcaterra, Domenico, and Colella, Abner
- Subjects
Rock structure ,Absorption of water ,Materials science ,Geology ,Pore system ,Conservation ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Accelerated aging ,Durability ,Silicate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Neapolitan Yellow Tuff ,Geotechnical engineering ,Porosity ,Vicenza Stone ,Neapolitan yellow tuff - Abstract
Porosity plays a decisive role in decay processes of stones, as the pore network allows the water penetration responsible for the several physical and chemical deterioration processes affecting stone materials. In this paper two stones (with porosity from high to medium) used in Naples and Vicenza architectures have been considered to investigate the effects produced by the application of an ethyl silicate consolidant and an anti-swelling protective agent on pore space and therefore on stone durability. A deep characterization of the pore system has been carried out as considered crucial to evaluate the effectiveness of conservation treatments and their performance through time. To this purpose, petrophysical and physico-mechanical measurements have been carried out before and after aging tests, on both untreated and treated stones. Conservation treatments, strongly affecting pore size distribution and the behavior towards water absorption, do not always improve the durability of stone, especially in Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (herafter NYT) where a set of meso-macropores was totally annealed as well as a relevant portion of ultramacropores. Such treatments favor the persistence of water in NYT rock structure still after a long time, further contributing to a fast decay of this stone after aging tests. By contrast, treatments in Vicenza Stone (hereafter VS) prevailingly occlude micro- and mesopores and only slightly affect larger pores thus again favoring the flow rate during water desorption test. Moreover, the increase of the average pore radii after treatments also improves the features of this stone that accounts for almost negligible effects after accelerated aging tests.
- Published
- 2015
41. New insights into the mineralogical facies distribution of Campanian Ignimbrite, a relevant Italian industrial material
- Author
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Sossio Fabio Graziano, Annamaria Perrotta, D. L. Bish, Abner Colella, Alessio Langella, M. de Gennaro, Guido Cerri, R. de Gennaro, Claudio Scarpati, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Langella, A., Bish, D. L., Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Cerri, G., Colella, Abner, DE GENNARO, Roberto, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Perrotta, A., Scarpati, Claudio, and de Gennaro, M.
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Outcrop ,Phillipsite ,Geochemistry ,Pyroclastic rock ,Geology ,Petrography ,Volcano ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Genetic model ,Facies ,Sedimentary rock - Abstract
Industrial minerals represent an important resource for the Italian economy, both in terms of exploitation and transformation, especially in those sectors for which Italy holds a leadership such as ceramics and glass. Among Italian regions Campania is one of the poorest of such kind of resources although some geological formations could be advantageously exploited. An important role is played by the deposits of sedimentary zeolites linked to the activity of different volcanic districts occurring on the Neapolitan territory such as the Campanian Ignimbrite, the most important volcanic episode of the Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy), which blankets a wide area of the Campanian region. The Campanian Ignimbrite has been thoroughly investigated from a volcanological and petrographic point of view. However, little attention was devoted to the attainment of those information useful to verify the potential of the deposit as well as the interpretation of post-depositional mineral-forming processes that have affected this deposit and have led to the formation of several facies, among which the most important are characterized by intense feldspathization (grey facies) and remarkable zeolitization (yellow facies). X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy methods were used to thoroughly characterize the entire set of samples collected from 31 outcrops. Data so far acquired enabled to define the role played by several parameters (i.e., temperature, alkaline and alkaline-earth cations, etc.) in influencing the zeolitization process and the consequent crystallization of phillipsite, chabazite, and analcime. Feldspathization appears to have been controlled mainly by the emplacement temperature of the deposits. The proposed genetic model involves emplacement of the pyroclastic flow in a single episode, producing a deposit with an upward-decreasing temperature gradient. In this model, the central portion had a temperature insufficient to cause significant feldspathization, and the upper portion of the formation was affected by water percolation while still hot, producing progressive zeolitization. Volcano-stratigraphical parameters suggest some constrains on the maximum temperatures affecting the central portion of WGI. Thermodynamic data on zeolites constrain the maximum temperatures of the LYT unit which likely decrease upwards in the unit up to ambient conditions in CPF.
- Published
- 2013
42. Immobilization of Cs and Sr in aluminosilicate matrices derivedfrom natural zeolites
- Author
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Gianmarco Rapisardo, Bruno de Gennaro, David L. Bish, Maurizio de’ Gennaro, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Abner Colella, Alessio Langella, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Rapisardo, G., DE GENNARO, Bruno, Colella, Abner, Langella, A., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Bish, D. L., and DE GENNARO, Maurizio
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Clinoptilolite ,Chabazite ,nuclear waste ,Zeolite ,Chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,Phillipsite ,engineering.material ,Cristobalite ,Amorphous solid ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Aluminosilicate ,Pollucite ,immobilization ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,Leaching (metallurgy) - Abstract
Three Italian zeolitized volcanoclastic deposits with predominant phillipsite, chabazite or clinoptilolite were selected to investigate their attitude to form ceramized products of the Cs- and Sr-enriched forms and to evaluate the effectiveness of immobilization by means of leaching tests. The mineralogical evolution was carefully followed after thermal treatments at increasing temperatures (800 °C up to 1100 °C) which led to the crystallization of prevailing pollucite for Cs-exchanged phillipsite and chabazite and of a Sr-feldspar (about 35 wt.%) along with cristobalite and amorphous matter for all Sr-exchanged zeolites. Cs-enriched clinoptilolite at the same temperature was almost totally amorphous. Leaching tests confirm the substantial immobilization of the polluting cations in the ceramized materials with slight higher values only for the Cs-enriched clinoptilolite, mostly amorphous. Finally, calorimetric tests account for a hydrolysis process widely decreasing after thermal treatments at 1100 °C for phillipsite and chabazite, both Cs- and Sr-enriched, substantially similar for Sr-enriched clinoptilolite and definitely increased in the prevailing amorphous Cs-enriched clinoptilolite. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2011
43. Structural concrete with waste-based lightweight aggregates: from landfill to engineered materials
- Author
-
Roberto de’Gennaro, Maurizio de’ Gennaro, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Alessio Langella, Abner Colella, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Michele Dondi, DE GENNARO, Roberto, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Colella, Abner, Dondi, M., Langella, A., and DE GENNARO, Maurizio
- Subjects
Waste Products ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Minerals ,Materials science ,Waste management ,Compressive Strength ,Sewage ,Construction Materials ,Abrasive ,Polishing ,General Chemistry ,Pelletizing ,Expanded clay ,Structural concrete ,Lightweight aggregate ,Physicomechanical properties ,Waste disposal ,Refuse Disposal ,Compressive strength ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Environmental Chemistry ,Tile ,Ceramic ,Valorisation ,Particle density ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation - Abstract
This research provides possible opportunities in the reuse of waste and particularly muds, coming from both ornamental stone (granite sludges from sawing and polishing operations) and ceramic production (porcelain stoneware tile polishing sludge), for the manufacture of lightweight aggregates. Lab simulation of the manufacturing cycle was performed by pelletizing and firing the waste mixes in a rotative furnace up to 1300 degrees C, and determining composition and physicomechanical properties of lightweight aggregates. The best formulation was used to produce and test lightweight structural concretes according to standard procedures. Both granite and porcelain stoneware polishing sludges exhibit a suitable firing behavior due to the occurrence of SiC (an abrasive component) which, by decomposing at high temperature with gas release, acts as a bloating promoter, resulting in aggregates with particle density1 Mg/m3. However, slight variations of mixture composition produce aggregates with rather different properties, going from values close to those of typical commercial expanded clays (particle density 0.68 Mg/m3; strength of particle 1.2 MPa) to products with high mechanical features (particle density 1.25 Mg/m3; strength of particle 6.9 MPa). The best formulation (50 wt.% porcelain stoneware polishing sludge +50 wt.% granite sawing sludge) was used to successfully manufacture lightweight structural concretes with suitable properties (compressive strength 28 days20 MPa, bulk density 1.4-2.0 Mg/m3).
- Published
- 2009
44. Structural concretes with waste-based lightweight aggregates: from landfill to engineered materials.
- Author
-
De'Gennaro R, Graziano SF, Cappelletti P, Colella A, Dondi M, Langella A, and De'Gennaro M
- Subjects
- Compressive Strength, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Minerals analysis, Sewage chemistry, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Construction Materials analysis, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Refuse Disposal, Waste Products analysis
- Abstract
This research provides possible opportunities in the reuse of waste and particularly muds, coming from both ornamental stone (granite sludges from sawing and polishing operations) and ceramic production (porcelain stoneware tile polishing sludge), for the manufacture of lightweight aggregates. Lab simulation of the manufacturing cycle was performed by pelletizing and firing the waste mixes in a rotative furnace up to 1300 degrees C, and determining composition and physicomechanical properties of lightweight aggregates. The best formulation was used to produce and test lightweight structural concretes according to standard procedures. Both granite and porcelain stoneware polishing sludges exhibit a suitable firing behavior due to the occurrence of SiC (an abrasive component) which, by decomposing at high temperature with gas release, acts as a bloating promoter, resulting in aggregates with particle density < 1 Mg/m3. However, slight variations of mixture composition produce aggregates with rather different properties, going from values close to those of typical commercial expanded clays (particle density 0.68 Mg/m3; strength of particle 1.2 MPa) to products with high mechanical features (particle density 1.25 Mg/m3; strength of particle 6.9 MPa). The best formulation (50 wt.% porcelain stoneware polishing sludge +50 wt.% granite sawing sludge) was used to successfully manufacture lightweight structural concretes with suitable properties (compressive strength 28 days > 20 MPa, bulk density 1.4-2.0 Mg/m3).
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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