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Abstract This work presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel coordination polymer entitled Ni-BTC, using nickel as metallic centers and Trimesic Acid (H₃BTC) as linkers. This new structure was characterized using Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction (SCXRD), exhibiting a MOF (metal–organic framework) structure, with a minimal formula of {[Ni(HBTC)(DMF)₂]·xDMF}. The structure exhibits a 2D network expanding in the equatorial direction, where the Ni(II) center is hexacoordinated and N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent molecules are coordinated along the axial axis. Additionally, a Co-BTC coordination polymer was synthesized, with an already known structure similar to Ni-BTC, given the coordination modes of the BTC and DMF ligands. The structure of Ni-BTC is also a pseudo-polymorph of the previously published MOF [Ni(HBTC)(DMF)₂·(guest)] (3). The crystallographic data illustrate the structural differences. Ni-BTC was also analyzed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), revealing two different phases, one containing chloride anions originating from the precursor salt NiCl₂∙6H₂O. Upon substitution of this precursor with Ni(NO₃)₂∙6H₂O, only one phase was observed, indicating the influence of the counter-ion in modulating new phases during synthesis. Ni-BTC was further characterized by thermal methods such as Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA and DTA), showing moderate thermal resistance. The Magnetic Susceptibility data indicated a + 2 state for both metal centers. Finally, the bidentate molecule Glyphosate (GLY), widely used as a pesticide and recognized as an environmental pollutant, was employed for coordination with Ni-BTC, as in this structure, the axial DMF ligands are labile and can be replaced by glyphosate molecules. This coordination capability was demonstrated by Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), along with electrochemical techniques such as Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV), thus confirming glyphosate coordination in Ni-BTC, with potential applications in detection and removal systems. Graphical Abstract

Introdução: A distribuição etária brasileira modificou-se bastante nos últimos 50 anos, com o aumento significativo da população idosa. Apesar desse cenário, poucos cursos médicos oferecem a disciplina de Geriatria em seus currículos. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a relação entre a porcentagem da população idosa por região territorial brasileira e o ensino específico de Geriatria nos cursos de graduação em Medicina de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas. Métodos: Analisaram-se grades curriculares e ementas de 77 cursos de Medicina de IES públicas. A relação entre o ensino específico de Geriatria e a porcentagem de idosos por região brasileira foi encontrada dividindo-se o percentual de cursos com essa disciplina pelo total da população idosa por região brasileira. Os dados coletados foram armazenados e analisados com o software Microsoft Excel® 2010. Resultados: A região Sul apresentou a melhor relação entre o ensino específico de Geriatria e a porcentagem da população idosa, com 6 cursos contendo o ensino específico de Geriatria do total de 13 analisados (46,2%); o Norte ficou em 2° lugar, com 2 cursos de 10 analisados (20%); em seguida, ficaram o Nordeste e o Sudeste, com 7 cursos entre os 24 avaliados em cada região (29,2%); e, por fim, a região Centro-Oeste, com 1 em 6 avaliados (16,7%). Conclusão: Há necessidade de reformulação das atuais grades curriculares, adaptando-as à realidade da população de cada região brasileira, resultando na formação de médicos mais capacitados para atender a demanda da população idosa.

Introdução e objetivo: Este estudo avalia problemas de saúde em idosos, aplica um índice de envelhecimento bem-sucedido e analisa sua relação com fatores sociodemográficos e capacidade funcional em amostra aleatória representativa de Ouro Preto. Métodos: Associação entre capacidade funcional e variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foi avaliada usando regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: A mediana de idade foi 67; 59% eram de classe econômica baixa e 50% de baixa escolaridade. Foi elevada a prevalência de incontinência urinária, quedas, depressão, dependência, problemas de visão, audição, imunização e rastreamento de neoplasias. Houve associação entre dependência funcional e sexo feminino, idade, déficit cognitivo e problemas de visão. A chance de apresentar envelhecimento bem-sucedido foi menor entre mulheres, idosos de 75-79 anos e escolaridade baixa. Conclusão: Os idosos apresentam elevada prevalência de problemas de saúde. Maior expectativa de vida em mulheres não se associou a ganho de expectativa de vida livre de incapacidade. O envelhecimento bem-sucedido pode ser privilégio de classes mais favorecidas.

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most diverse and threatened phytogeographical domains in the world. Despite that, it includes regions with poor floristic knowledge, even in protected areas. Although the importance of protected areas in conserving the Atlantic Forest hotspot is undisputed, it is necessary to recognise the floristic richness of these areas to propose effective conservation actions. In this sense, online databases have proved to be a promising tool for compiling species lists with relevant biodiversity information. This study is based on the list of vascular plants of the "Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada", published in the "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil". It summarises the species richness, endemism and conservation status of this protected area.The published list of vascular plants was based on data obtained from herbarium collections available in online databases. A total of 303 species have been recorded for the "Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada," of which 297 are native to Brazil, 78 are endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, and seven are endemic to the State of Rio de Janeiro. More than 60% of the species are woody, and more than 40% are trees. Eight threatened species (Endangered – EN and Vulnerable – VU), of which five are endemic to the State of Rio de Janeiro, are housed in this protected area. One species was classified as Data Deficient (DD). Our results increase the knowledge of the Atlantic Forest flora in the State of Rio de Janeiro and support effective conservation planning for this protected area.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hyponatremia in older patients during hospital stay and determine its association with polypharmacy, length of hospital stay, and mortality. METHOD: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study of patients aged 65 years and older during hospitalization. The first sodium sample requested by the physician was considered for analysis. Hyponatremia was classified according to severity as mild (130–135 mEq/L), moderate (125–129 mEq/L), or severe (< 125 mEq/L) and according to osmolarity as isotonic (275–295 mOsm/L), hypotonic (< 275 mOsm/L), or hypertonic (> 295 mOsm/L). The χ2 test and oneway analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test were used to analyze length of hospital stay between the groups (normonatremia and mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia). The χ2 test was also used to compare mortality between the groups. RESULTS: We included 174 patients, with a mean age of 74 (SD, 7; range, 65–95) years; 52.3% were men. Overall, 44.8% had normonatremia, 37.8% had mild hyponatremia, 9.2% had moderate hyponatremia, and 8.0% had severe hyponatremia. Increased hospital stay was observed in patients with hyponatremia, being longer in those with severe hyponatremia. Polypharmacy occurred in 39.3% of patients. Of patients with severe hyponatremia, 71.4% had polypharmacy (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized older adults showed a high rate of hyponatremia and an important association with polypharmacy and prolonged hospital stay.

The Parque Estadual do Forno Grande is a fully protected area in the southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil. It belongs to the Atlantic Forest domain, with predominantly dense, ombrophilous, seasonal semi-deciduous forests and herbaceous/shrubby vegetation on rock outcrops. The area is recognised as highly important for conservation, designated as a priority biological area for protecting the Atlantic Forest's biodiversity. Although the importance of Protected Areas in conserving the Atlantic Forest biodiversity is unquestionable, it is crucial to understand the floristic patterns within these regions to develop effective conservation strategies. We utilised national online databases to compile species lists containing relevant information about their biodiversity. The updated list of vascular plants recorded in the Parque Estadual do Forno Grande is available in the “Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil” and it is presented here with further information on richness, endemism and conservation status.The Parque Estadual do Forno Grande harbours 958 species of vascular plants, of which 79.2% are angiosperms, 18.4% are ferns and 2.4% are lycophytes. Amongst these species, 44% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. There are 58 threatened species, of which six are Critically Endangered, 39 are Endangered and 13 are Vulnerable. Amongst the threatened species, 51 are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. The number of records and the species richness in this area are notably high for Atlantic Forest standards. Our findings suggest that floristic inventories of Brazilian Protected Areas are a key contribution to the general perception of how much we still do not know about our flora. It also highlights the necessity of supporting floristic surveys in poorly-known areas, especially those remaining as forest remnants.

ABSTRACT: Enteroliths are formed by the deposition of concentric bands of minerals around a central core, such as stones or plastic, ingested intentionally or accidentally. The ingestion of metallic and perforating foreign bodies is uncommon in equine medicine. However, when such ingestion does occur, it can predispose patients to episodes of colic and peritonitis, in addition to the formation of abscesses. These objects are normally only detected during celiotomy, but, early diagnosis is important in the search for better patient prognosis. In this report, we described a case of equine enterolithiasis with the presence of a metallic nidus (nail) in one of the enteroliths, that was diagnosed using abdominal radiography, and confirmed surgically.

Introdução: a hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa e sistêmica, causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, caracterizada por lesões de pele e nervos periféricos. Apresenta uma distribuição heterogênea no território nacional, trazendo questionamento sobre os fatores que poderiam explicar a diferença entre os estados. Objetivo: analisar os casos de hanseníase no estado do Rio Grande do Sul de 2018 a 2022 para compreender os fatores contribuintes ao cenário. Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo transversal realizado mediante coleta de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. As notificações de hanseníase do estado foram analisadas segundo as variáveis: sexo, raça, escolaridade, faixa etária e forma clínica, juntamente à taxa de detecção. Resultados: nesse período, o Rio Grande do Sul foi o terceiro estado com menos casos de hanseníase, com 620 notificações. A maior parte ocorreu em indivíduos do sexo masculino, faixa etária de 60-69 anos, nível de escolaridade de 5ª a 8ª série incompleta do Ensino Fundamental e autodeclarados brancos. O grau de incapacidade física 0 foi de maior frequência, assim como a forma clínica dimorfa, seguida pela virchowiana. Os indicadores de saneamento básico apresentaram condições ainda deficitárias, entretanto, os de cobertura vacinal com BCG estavam acima da média brasileira. Discussão: a elevada incidência de casos entre homens no Rio Grande do Sul é congruente com a literatura existente e não aparenta estar relacionada com a característica demográfica do estado. A predominância de casos em indivíduos de pele branca apresenta uma correlação direta com a composição étnico-racial da população deste estado. Os dados sobre a escolaridade encontrados destacam a baixa instrução como uma característica importante entre os portadores de hanseníase. Ademais, a predominância de casos multibacilares da hanseníase sugere que o Rio Grande do Sul apresenta uma endemia antiga e predominantemente estabilizada. Conclusão: o estado analisado não apresenta o menor número bruto de casos de hanseníase, entretanto, manifesta menores valores da taxa de detecção. Apesar da pesquisa possuir limitações por proceder de uma base de dados secundária, evidencia-se que é fundamental a implementação de educação em saúde visto a transmissão da doença.

Introduction: Arthritis has prompted interest in using physical exercise as therapy. This study assesses the effects of low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise on induced arthritis in male Wistar rats. Objective: To evaluate the impact of low-, moderate-, and high-intensity physical exercise on induced arthritis. Methods: Twenty 60-day-old rats were divided into 5 groups: Control Group Arthritis (GCA), Control Group Placebo (GCP), Group Low Physical Activity (GL), Group Moderate Physical Activity (GM), and Group Intense Physical Activity (GI). The physical activity groups received intra-articular injections of Zymosan in the right knee, followed by aquatic activity, swimming with a dorsal load for 30 minutes, 4 times weekly, for five weeks. Exercise intensity varied: GL 1%, GM 5%, GI 15% of body weight. At the end of the 5th week euthanasia was performed, and soleus muscles were histologically. Group comparisons: one-way ANOVA with Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post-test, contingent on data homogeneity Levene test. Weight changes: Student’s T-test or ANOVA for repeated measurements, with Bonferroni's post-test for inter-week and first and last-week comparisons within each group. Results: There were no significant differences in inflammatory edema before or after exercise in joint diameter analysis. GI exhibited decreased inflammatory edema in the 3rd week post-activity. GM showed a substantial decrease in the 4th week compared to GL and GI. Post-intervention inflammation did not differ significantly among groups. Conclusion: Varying exercise intensities did not harm any group-induced arthritis in rats.

BackgroundChest X-ray (CXR) interpretation is critical in diagnosing various lung diseases. However, physicians, not specialists, are often the first ones to read them, frequently facing challenges in accurate interpretation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms could be of great help, but using real-world data is crucial to ensure their effectiveness in diverse healthcare settings. This study evaluates a deep learning algorithm designed for CXR interpretation, focusing on its utility for non-specialists in thoracic radiology physicians.PurposeTo assess the performance of a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)-based AI algorithm in interpreting CXRs and compare it with a team of physicians, including thoracic radiologists, who served as the gold-standard.MethodsA retrospective study from January 2021 to July 2023 evaluated an algorithm with three independent models for Lung Abnormality, Radiological Findings, and Tuberculosis. The algorithm's performance was measured using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Two groups of physicians validated the model: one with varying specialties and experience levels in interpreting chest radiographs (Group A) and another of board-certified thoracic radiologists (Group B). The study also assessed the agreement between the two groups on the algorithm's heatmap and its influence on their decisions.ResultsIn the internal validation, the Lung Abnormality and Tuberculosis models achieved an AUC of 0.94, while the Radiological Findings model yielded a mean AUC of 0.84. During the external validation, utilizing the ground truth generated by board-certified thoracic radiologists, the algorithm achieved better sensitivity in 6 out of 11 classes than physicians with varying experience levels. Furthermore, Group A physicians demonstrated higher agreement with the algorithm in identifying markings in specific lung regions than Group B (37.56% Group A vs. 21.75% Group B). Additionally, physicians declared that the algorithm did not influence their decisions in 93% of the cases.ConclusionThis retrospective clinical validation study assesses an AI algorithm's effectiveness in interpreting Chest X-rays (CXR). The results show the algorithm's performance is comparable to Group A physicians, using gold-standard analysis (Group B) as the reference. Notably, both Groups reported minimal influence of the algorithm on their decisions in most cases.

The posterior oral cavity serves as an entry point to both the digestive and respiratory systems. Optimal oral hygiene, particularly by means of gargling, has been shown to effectively reduce transmission and duration of respiratory illnesses (Clinical Trials registration: NCT06479226). Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of gargling with an antimicrobial mouthwash in preventing the development of respiratory symptoms. To assess the impact of using an antimicrobial mouthwash for gargling in lowering the incidence of upper respiratory symptoms. A total of 150 individuals were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: Control group: participants were requested to brush their teeth twice daily for two minutes using a commercially available fluoride toothpaste; and the Test Group, which also brushed their teeth twice daily for two minutes with a commercially available fluoride toothpaste and additional gargling twice a day with a mouthwash containing 0.075% Cetylpyridinium chloride and 0.28% Zinc Lactate (CPC+Zn). Individuals were asked to complete the WURSS-21 Daily Symptom Report over the course of the three-month study period using a diary. Regular gargling with the mouthwash containing CPC+Zn was efficacious in decreasing both the frequency (21.5% lower) and severity (11% lower) of respiratory symptoms throughout the study. Additionally, individuals that performed consistent cleansing of the posterior oral cavity with mouthwash had greater interference in daily activities, which should be further investigated. Adding gargling with a mouthwash containing 0.075% CPC + 0.28% Zn to a normal oral hygiene routine proves beneficial in lowering the incidence of upper respiratory symptoms commonly associated with cold and the flu. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06479226.

Conclusions and Clinics Relevance: VLAS has a positive relationship and important correlation with the echocardiographic variables and MINE score. Associated with its higher accessibility in clinical routine is a potential diagnostic method to detect left atrial enlargement in dogs, contributing to the diagnostic conduct in DVM.

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluation of epidemiological data on Idiopathic Scoliosis in patients with different pectus subtypes. Methods: A medical record analysis of 418 patients with pectus, associated with idiopathic scoliosis above 10°, with research on: subtypes of pectus (Lateral Pectus Carinatum, Inferior Pectus Carinatum, Superior Pectus Carinatum, Broad Pectus Excavatum, and Localized Pectus Excavatum), and characteristics of the scoliotic curve (Cobb angle, laterality, and location). Results: The mean age was 14.6 years (22° mean Cobb, 52% females and 48% males). The most frequent kind of pectus was Inferior Pectus Carinatum (28%). The left-convex thoracolumbar type was the most frequent. Scoliosis was more severe in thoracic location and females. The main type was LPC (p < 0.05) in those with severe scoliosis. BPE was more present in men (68%), and LPC and SPC in women (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the pectus type and the side or location of the scoliosis curve. Conclusion: Depending on the subtype of pectus, the scoliotic curve presents distinct epidemiology and characteristics. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series – study prognostic.

Abstract: This study aimed to describe the severity of abortion-related complications, factors associated with complications, the types of management and the experience of care in Brazil. A cross-sectional study in twenty hospitals (10 in Federal District, 3 in Rondônia and 7 in Maranhão). For 3 months, all women treated for abortion/miscarriage had their data collected. The severity of complications was defined according to World Health Organization criteria. Women with hemorrhage, infection or organs injury were invited to answer an interview about experience of care. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test and Poisson regression models. Among 1,683 women included, 82.5% had mild complications, 13.6% had moderate complications, 3.2% had potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTC) and 0.7% had severe maternal outcomes (SMO). Most women (94.2%) required uterine evacuation. Among these, 91.5% required surgical evacuation (with or without the use of uterotonics) and 8.5% used only uterotonics. The most frequent surgical evacuation method was curettage (66.9%), followed by manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) (32.3%). Factors associated with PLTC/SMO vs mild complications were having a gestational age ≥ 13 weeks (pravlence ratio - PR = 3.09; 95% confidence interval - 95%CI: 1.42-6.72), having been treated in Maranhão (PR = 0.27; 95%CI: 0.12-0.63) and in Rondônia (PR = 0.64; 95%CI: 0.20-0.99). Factors associated with moderate vs. mild complications were expulsion of products of conception before arrival to health facility (PR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.64-3.96) and having been treated in Maranhão (PR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.38-0.87). Most women who responded to the interview were treated kindly (95.6%), however, 66.7% felt stressed and 10.1% reported that their preferences were not respected during hospitalization. Nine out of ten women treated in Brazilian public hospitals due to abortion-related complications undergo some surgical procedure, the most common of which is uterine curettage. Approximately four in every hundred women experience severe complications. It is essential to ensure the supply of equipment for MVA and to encourage continuing medical education programs to increase the awareness of healthcare professionals about safer treatments for uterine evacuation.

Abstract P53 Phase separation is crucial towards amyloid aggregation and p63 and p73 have enhanced expression in tumors. This study examines the phase behaviors of p53, p63, and p73. Here we show that unlike the DNA-binding domain of p53 (p53C), the p63C and p73C undergo phase separation, but do not form amyloids under physiological temperatures. Wild-type and mutant p53C form droplets at 4°C and aggregates at 37 °C with amyloid properties. Mutant p53C promotes amyloid-like states in p63C and p73C, recruiting them into membraneless organelles. Amyloid conversion is supported by thioflavin T and Congo red binding, increased light scattering, and circular dichroism. Full-length mutant p53 and p63C (or p73C) co-transfection shows reduced fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Heparin inhibits the prion-like aggregation of p63C and p73C induced by p53C. These findings highlight the role of p53 in initiating amyloid aggregation in p63 and p73, opening avenues for targeting prion-like conversion in cancer therapy.

Este artigo teve como objetivo registrar, por meio de observação docente, a utilização de reportagens de jornalismo científico como prática educativa escolar, conduzida no contexto do Ensino Médio de um colégio particular de médio porte no município de Sorocaba, interior de São Paulo. Tal procedimento se justifica pela necessidade de compreender como a utilização desse tipo de material didático complementar se dá nesse nível educacional, em comparação ao uso já registrado no Ensino Superior. Duas sessões de observação foram conduzidas: uma durante uma aula de Biologia e outra durante uma aula interdisciplinar de Itinerários Formativos, com foco em Geografia, Física, História e Mudanças Climáticas. Como resultado, destaca-se o potencial de utilização de reportagens baseadas nas Humanidades (sobre Educação, por exemplo), além daquelas baseadas nas ciências duras e/ou biológicas. Nenhuma das reportagens foi utilizada para demonstrar o método científico em funcionamento, como esperado; em vez disso, os docentes se utilizaram das reportagens jornalísticas para tecer relações entre teorias e conceitos pertinentes à respectiva disciplina e questões socialmente agudas do mundo contemporâneo, de acordo com seus próprios crivos pessoais de importância. Um dos principais achados deste estudo é a aparente confusão dos professores no que diz respeito à diferenciação entre artigos científicos e reportagens de divulgação científica. Também pareceu haver alguma dificuldade no processo de seleção de reportagens jornalísticas adequadas à temática da aula e aos objetivos educacionais planejados. Tais questões devem ser levadas em consideração em possíveis programas de aperfeiçoamento docente voltados à diversificação de materiais didáticos complementares.

Understanding the dynamics of physiological changes involved in the acclimation responses of plants after their exposure to repeated cycles of water stress is crucial to selecting resilient genotypes for regions with recurrent drought episodes. Under such background, we tried to respond to questions as: (1) Are there differences in the stomatal-related and non-stomatal responses during water stress cycles in different clones of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner? (2) Do these C. canephora clones show a different response in each of the two sequential water stress events? (3) Is one previous drought stress event sufficient to induce a kind of “memory” in C. canephora? Seven-month-old plants of two clones (’3V’ and ‘A1’, previously characterized as deeper and lesser deep root growth, respectively) were maintained well-watered (WW) or fully withholding the irrigation, inducing soil water stress (WS) until the soil matric water potential (Ψmsoil) reached ≅ −0.5 MPa (−500 kPa) at a soil depth of 500 mm. Two sequential drought events (drought-1 and drought-2) attained this Ψmsoil after 19 days and were followed by soil rewatering until a complete recovery of leaf net CO2 assimilation rate (Anet) during the recovery-1 and recovery-2 events. The leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and leaf reflectance parameters were measured in six-day frequency, while the leaf anatomy was examined only at the end of the second drought cycle. In both drought events, the WS plants showed reduction in stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration. The reduction in internal CO2 diffusion was observed in the second drought cycle, expressed by increased thickness of spongy parenchyma in both clones. Those stomatal and anatomical traits impacted decreasing the Anet in both drought events. The ‘3V’ was less influenced by water stress than the ‘A1’ genotype in Anet, effective quantum yield in PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching, linear electron transport rate, and photochemical reflectance index during the drought-1, but during the drought-2 event such an advantage disappeared. Such physiological genotype differences were supported by the medium xylem vessel area diminished only in ‘3V’ under WS. In both drought cycles, the recovery of all observed stomatal and non-stomatal responses was usually complete after 12 days of rewatering. The absence of photochemical impacts, namely in the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemical reactions, photosynthetic performance index, and density of reaction centers capable of QA reduction during the drought-2 event, might result from an acclimation response of the clones to WS. In the second drought cycle, the plants showed some improved responses to stress, suggesting “memory” effects as drought acclimation at a recurrent drought.

ABSTRACT Penetrating cranio-orbital injuries are uncommon events and represent a small percentage of cranioencephalic traumas. The clinical condition and surgical management were described by reviewing the patient's electronic medical records. This case reports on a 37-year-old male patient who suffered penetrating trauma to the skull from the brake lever of his bicycle as a result of an accidental fall while cycling. Brought in by the SAMU, the patient had a Glasgow score of 15, a preserved left orbit, while the right orbit showed no eye opening, amaurosis, a non-photo-reagent mydriatic pupil, both to the direct and indirect reflex. A computed tomography scan of the skull showed a metal brake handle lodged in the skull on the right, causing a fracture of the orbital face of the zygomatic and greater wing of the sphenoid, with the end in the orbit. In the operating room, the object was carefully extracted without complications. On the first postoperative day, a magnetic resonance imaging scan was requested, which revealed a hemorrhagic contusion of the temporal lobe on the right side, rupture of the lateral rectus muscle, hematic and gaseous contents inside the orbit, as well as a possible retinal detachment. On the sixth post-operative day, with amaurosis maintained on the right, the patient was discharged and referred for specialized ophthalmological follow-up. Penetrating cranio-orbital trauma has potentially fatal outcomes if not diagnosed and managed early and properly.

Conflict of interest: No Introduction and Objectives: Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) is one of the main causes of non-cirrhotic presinusoidal portal hypertension. Although liver stiffness in HSS is typically lower than in cirrhosis, it is still unknown if over the years liver injury related to periportal fibrosis, to metabolic disease or vascular complications can alter liver stiffness and impact in serious hepatic events. This study aims to determine whether metabolic factors, portal vein thrombosis (PVT), or changes in liver stiffness over time are associated with serious hepatic events (SHE) in HSS patients. Patients / Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, adults with laboratory and radiologically confirmed HSS, without concurrent cirrhosis or other liver diseases, were included. All participants underwent initial transient elastography, followed by a second assessment after at least 3 years. The primary outcome was the occurrence of SHE, defined as upper variceal bleeding and/or ascites. Results and Discussion: Among the 26 patients studied, 65.4% were male, with a mean age of 55 ± 9 years. The main metabolic comorbidities were obesity (27%), hypertriglyceridemia (8%), low HDL-c (4%), and diabetes (13%). Baseline liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was 9.9 kPa (±3.9) and the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was 238 dB/m (IQR 121-270). After a median follow-up of 59 months (IQR 51-64), serious hepatic events occurred in 46% of the patients. There was a non-significant median absolute increase in LSM of 1.4 kPa (IQR -1.5 to +3.6) and a median relative increase of +14% (IQR -17% to +50%), with no statistically significant differences in paired analysis (p = 0.140). No metabolic or anthropometric factors were associated with changes in liver stiffness. PVT occurred in 7 patients (26.9%) and was the only factor significantly associated with the occurrence of serious hepatic events (p = 0.026), although it did not significantly interfere with LSM (p = 0.842). Conclusions: LSM remained relatively stable in HSS patients over a median follow-up of almost 5 years, proving to be a useful tool in distinguishing HSS from cirrhosis. SHE were primarily associated with PVT, which may further elevate portal pressure.

The change in land use and land cover caused by the expansion of sugar cane in a part of the State of São Paulo between 1988 and 2016 was mapped. The mapping was done automatically using orbital imagery from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) satellite and by manual delimitation of polygons. During the period under study, sugarcane areas more than doubled, expanding by 1.2 million hectares, mainly over pasture, annual crops and citrus. Faced with a shortage of land, the sugar energy sector must increase productivity, but in a sustainable way. To meet this challenge, in addition to increasing productivity per hectare, the sector must expand integrated agricultural practices and promote the conservation of native vegetation. Maps generated from large-scale classification of satellite image time series provide a more detailed understanding of land use dynamics and provide valuable input for land use planning policies.

Dual career is defined as a career with the major foci on sport and studies or work. Dual career competencies are all the skills and attitudes that allow athletes to balance their educational development to their sports careers. This study aimed to investigate the differences in perceived possession of competencies (Dual Career Management; Career Plan; Emotional Awareness; Social Intelligence and Adaptability) between Brazilian student-athletes of both sexes, types of educational institutions (TEI) – private and public, and educational level (EL) – secondary and higher education. 745 Brazilian student-athletes (Mage = 17.3 ± 5.4; 54% female; 8% student-athletes with disabilities) completed the Brazilian version of the Dual Career Competency Questionnaire for Athletes. The results showed statistically significant outcomes in the main effect for sex and EL. Female student-athletes from public TEI (M = 4.23 + 0.38) presented higher perceived possession for Dual Career Management when compared to male student-athletes from the same categorization of TEI (M = 4.03 + 0.04). Female student-athletes from private TEI reported lower perceived possession for Emotional Awareness (M = 3.73 + 0.04). The results of this investigation can support (1) coaches, family, stakeholders in general and the student-athletes themselves in better grasping and optimizing their attitudes towards dual career and (2) researchers advance knowledge in this very recent area in Brazil. Keywords: dual career, student-athlete, competencies, education, sports training

O presente texto relata um trabalho realizado por nós, integrantes do projeto de pesquisa Teatro e Prisão: práticas de infiltrações das Artes Cênicas em espaços de vigilância, coordenado por Vicente Concilio. Desde 2017 a proposta articula ensino, pesquisa e extensão proporcionando ações da universidade em espaços de privação e restrição de liberdade. A partir de atividades artístico pedagógicas, realizamos uma pesquisa participante, registrando essas práticas em desenhos, dramaturgias, escritas criativas e artigos. As principais ações do projeto acontecem no Presídio Feminino de Florianópolis, no Centro de Internação Feminino (CIF) e no Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico de Florianópolis (HCTP). É nesse contexto que buscamos desenvolver metodologias de ensino do teatro; cada instituição com suas necessidades específicas. Refletimos sobre seus pontos de contato e suas divergências, enfatizando nosso desejo de construir uma pesquisa em rede, materializando o trabalho realizado pelo grupo. As práticas teatrais que desenvolvemos dentro dos espaços de privação de liberdade visam promover acesso à educação e à cultura, na tentativa de construir um espaço outro, em forma de práticas coletivas. Pensamos em como essas práticas, quando infiltradas nas instituições totais, podem suscitar um pensamento coletivo não conformista com a situação da vida encarcerada, favorecendo certa emancipação destes indivíduos e manifestando nosso vínculo a uma perspectiva abolicionista penal: é possível pensar por meio das artes o fim das prisões?

Resumo De que forma a escolha por cotas para ingresso no ensino superior público e a passagem por uma comissão de heteroidentificação afetam a percepção sobre a classificação racial de estudantes pardos que ingressaram em uma universidade pública? Este artigo procura responder a essa questão a partir de uma pesquisa que explorou, por meio de entrevistas aprofundadas, qual percepção estudantes pardos têm sobre seu pertencimento racial e se a escolha por cotas e a passagem por uma comissão de heteroidentificação tiveram algum efeito sobre ela. Os resultados mostram que essas experiências contribuíram para reformular como se dá a classificação racial de alguns estudantes pardos.

RESUMO No mundo, o câncer colorretal apresenta altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade, com diferenças segundo nível de desenvolvimento sociodemográfico. O objetivo foi analisar as disparidades sociodemográficas do câncer colorretal na população brasileira com 30 anos ou mais. Trata-se de estudo de série temporal da incidência, mortalidade, Anos de Vida Ajustados por Incapacidade (Disability Adjusted Life Years – DALY) e prevalência, segundo sexo, no Brasil e nas Unidades da Federação (UF) de 1990 a 2019. A tendência foi estimada pela regressão de Joinpoint, e o índice sociodemográfico (SDI – Socio-Demographic Index) foi utilizado na análise de correlação. Os dados analisados foram estimados pelo Global Burden of Diseases Study 19. No Brasil e nas UF, as maiores taxas dos indicadores foram observadas no sexo masculino, com tendência de aumento em ambos os sexos. Houve associação positiva entre o SDI e todos os indicadores analisados, exceto para DALY em homens. As diferenças nas taxas e tendências entre as UF parecem refletir os processos de desenvolvimento do País, tais como urbanização e industrialização, em que as UF mais desenvolvidas possuem taxas elevadas com tendências de estabilidade, e as UF em desenvolvimento, com comportamento inverso, sugerindo melhorias de acesso aos serviços de saúde e diagnósticos.

Animal behavior monitoring is an important tool for animal production. This behavior monitoring strategy can indicate the well-being and health of animals, which can lead to better productive performance. This study aimed to assess the most effective accelerometer attachment position (on either the halter or a neck collar) and data transmission time intervals (ranging from 6 to 600 s) for predicting behavioral patterns, including water and food intake frequencies, as well as other activities in young beef cattle bulls within a feedlot system. A range of machine learning algorithms were applied to satisfy the aims of the study, including the random forest, support vector machine, multilayer perceptron, and naive Bayes classifier algorithms. All studied models produced high performance metrics (above 0.90) when using both attachment positions, except for the models built using the naive Bayes classifier. Therefore, coupling accelerometers with collars is a more viable alternative for use on animals, as doing so is easier than applying accelerometers to halters. Utilizing a dataset with more observations (i.e., shorter time intervals) did not result in considerable improvements in the performance metrics of the trained models. Therefore, using datasets with fewer observations is more advantageous, as it can lead to decreased computational and temporal demands for model training, in addition to saving the battery of the device considered in this study.

RESUMO Este ensaio teórico percorre um itinerário e aborda diferentes concepções de território quanto ao campo da saúde coletiva. Busca-se elucidar como o território compõe com a constituição histórica e organizativa dos sistemas e serviços de atenção à saúde, e como conceito fundamental ao trabalho no campo da saúde coletiva. Enquanto intervenção estatal sobre a vida populacional dentro de territórios circunscritos a Estados-nações, a abordagem epidemiológica paisagística da medicina social preventiva concebe o território como ambiente de exposição a doenças e acaba superada pelas ideias de risco e multicausalidade dos processos saúde-doença, próprias ao modelo do campo da saúde. Este amplia a compreensão dos processos saúde-doença articulando ambiente, acesso aos serviços, estilos de vida e determinantes biológicos com aspectos ecológicos, culturais, simbólicos e de responsabilidade social. Assim, a saúde coletiva se aprimora com noções como territorialidades, identidades ou reprodução social, importantes para a distritalização e a organização de sistemas de saúde democráticos, a compreensão sobre a determinação social da saúde e a efetivação de redes de cuidado e estratégias de assistência eficazes, sobretudo na atenção básica. Enfim, a noção de território é fundamental à compreensão das condições estruturantes dos processos de vida e adoecimento e ao compromisso com a transformação social.

ABSTRACT: Standardizing trimming the brain for histological diagnosis of neurological diseases is challenging for veterinary pathologists. The striatum is a set of subcortical nuclei of the forebrain, formed by bundles of nerve fibers and gray matter, which consist of the internal and external capsules, caudate, lentiform, and claustrum nuclei. The striatum is related to motricity, which refers to the neural circuits of the extrapyramidal pathways. In domestic animals, the extrapyramidal pathways are of great importance in gait. From the ventral surface of the brain, they are located deep in a strip of the telencephalon corresponding to the olfactory trigone. Bovine and equine brains were routinely formalin-fixed, weighed and measured. Herein, we report a guide for bovine and equine brains’ neuroanatomic trimming and striatum histomorphology. Trimming was performed, and the sections were routinely processed for histology. We used the cross-section rostral to the optic chiasm as the site of choice for histologic sampling to identify the striatum structures. The forebrains were sectioned, and the standard histologic cassette was positioned horizontally or vertically to frame a greater diversity of structures. The histologic slides were labeled with structures of the striatum (caudate nucleus, internal capsule, lentiform nucleus, external capsule and claustrum). Regarding the brain size, handing the cassette orientation over to the forebrain allows the verification to shift the position or collect a second striatum sample for histology.

Abstract: This article presents the application of the Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) method, enhanced with specifically tuned parameters using the Taguchi method, for optimizing bridge and viaduct designs. Unlike conventional approaches, the optimization in this study encompasses the entire structure rather than focusing solely on the deck. This approach is illustrated through case studies on two viaducts located in Atalaia and Mandaguaçu along the BR-376 highway in Paraná, Brazil. In Atalaia, the optimized solutions achieved reductions in construction costs by 10.5% to 22.7%, CO2 emissions by 8.9% to 21.2%, and extended the design service life by 24.0% to 540.7%. Similarly, in Mandaguaçu, the optimizations resulted in cost reductions ranging from 9.1% to 23.2%, decreases in CO2 emissions from 12.7% to 23.5%, and increases in the design service life by up to 540.7%. The study also revealed consistent patterns between the degrees of freedom and objective functions; specifically, larger cross-sectional dimensions tended to lower costs, while smaller dimensions were associated with reduced CO2 emissions. These findings illustrate the real-world performance improvements afforded by the optimization process, which not only reduces the global cost per year of service compared to the original designs but also enhances economic and environmental performance, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of MOPSO in structural optimization for sustainable infrastructure development.

This study investigated the effect of clove essential oil used prior to stunning by cranial percussion and hypothermia on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) welfare and fillet quality. A total of 100 tilapias were divided into four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial design, exploring two stunning methods with and without clove essential oil. Behavioral responses, glucose, lactate, pH, water holding capacity, color parameters, lipid and protein oxidation, and oxidative stress were analyzed. The application of clove essential oil resulted in 100% numbing in swimming and stimulus response behaviors, and 96% in balance and eye vestibule reflex variables. Significant reductions in glucose (12.12 mg dL−1) for hypothermia group (p = 0.001) and lactate (3.36 mmol L−1) for cranial percussion (p = 0.004), 0.028 nmol lipid oxidation in hypothermia treatment (p = 0.009), and 0.134 nmol carbonyls/mg protein (p = 0.001) were observed. There was a reduction in luminosity (p = 0.010) and red intensity (p = 0.001) in the group of fish fillet that received cranial percussion, however, there was no difference in the group stunned by hypothermia. Clove essential oil demonstrates effectiveness in pre-slaughter stress mitigation, influencing the antioxidant system positively. Its usage in pre-slaughter protocols could contribute to improved fillet quality, presenting a promising alternative for enhancing tilapia welfare during slaughter.

The crystallographic structure of the FolB enzyme from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtFolB), complexed with its inhibitor 8-mercaptoguanine (8-MG), was elucidated at a resolution of 1.95 Å. A novel series of S8-functionalized 8-MG derivatives were synthesised and evaluated as in vitro inhibitors of dihydroneopterin aldolase (DHNA, EC 4.1.2.25) activity of MtFolB. These compounds exhibited IC50 values in the submicromolar range. Evaluation of the activity for five compounds indicated their inhibition mode and inhibition constants. Molecular docking analyses were performed to determine the enzyme-inhibitor intermolecular interactions and ligand conformations upon complex formation. The inhibitory activities of all compounds against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain were evaluated. Compound 3e exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration in the micromolar range. Finally, Compound 3e showed no apparent toxicity in both HepG2 and Vero cells. The findings presented herein will advance the quest for novel, specific inhibitors targeting MtFolB, an attractive molecular target for TB drug development.

Background: There is interest in the public health impact of Long COVID, defined as symptoms that persist or begin after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to identify demographic and clinical risk factors associated with Long COVID over time in an Upper Middle-Income Country (UMIC) and potential biomarkers predictive of symptom trajectory. Methods: Prospective cohort study of adults with mild SARS-COV-2 during the Omicron period. We tracked symptom persistence and IgG antibody titers against the spike S1 subunit. Results: Of 383 participants, 276 had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long COVID persisted for ≥ two months in 21 % and ≥ 12 months in 5 %. The most common symptoms were fatigue, upper respiratory symptoms, and myalgia/arthralgia: 15 % had fatigue for ≥ one month, 10 % for ≥ two months, and 5 % ≥ three months. Upper respiratory symptoms lasted ≥ one month in 17 %, ≥ two months in 7 %, and ≥ three months in 3 %. Fully 9 % reported myalgia/arthralgia lasting ≥ one month, 6 % ≥ two months, and 4 % ≥ three months. Risk factors for symptom persistence included female sex, not being fully vaccinated, and comorbidities. Participants experiencing persistent fatigue had lower anti-S1 IgG titers. Conclusions: In this population, symptom persistence declined after the acute phase, but 5 % of participants did not fully recover. Even in a population that was almost fully vaccinated, women, individuals with comorbidities, and the few remaining people who were unvaccinated were at greater risk for Long COVID. Immunoglobulins may have utility as a biomarker of Long COVID fatigue in this population.

Abstract Several structural models aim to predict the behavior of masonry walls. Those are included in technical standards strive to ensure the anticipation of the structural capacity, thereby assuring its safety. Different regions of the world encompass diverse parameters for predicting the lateral capacity of masonry members. This study sought to compare the Brazilian, Canadian, American, Australian, and European masonry standards regarding the shear and flexural capacity specification of walls. Equations derived from the standards were contrasted against finite element modeling results and to reliable formulation from the literature for predicting wall shear behavior. Additionally, an actualization is proposed to the Brazilian standard. The results revealed that while flexural capacity specifications result in comparable values across all standards, the Brazilian standard exhibited the least conservatism in the shear capacity, followed by the Australian, American, Canadian, and European standards. The diagonal shear was the primary mode of panel failure of the walls from the FE (Finite Element) modeling. The suggested adjustments to the Brazilian code, including considering the net area and correction of the initial shear strength (fvk0), result values close to the modeling results.

This study aimed to identify relationships between technical, physical, and anthropometric characteristics in 31 female rugby sevens players. During 28 weeks, the athletes performed 37 friendly matches to assess technical variables (e.g. effective passes), 6 assessments of athletic performance (strength, power and running tests), and 4 evaluations of anthropometric measures (height, body mass, circumferences, lean and fat mass). Pearson’s and Spearman’s coefficients estimated the correlations between technical parameters and the correlations between physical and anthropometric variables. Correlations were verified between technical and physical or anthropometric variables (p ≤ 0.05). Moderate to almost perfect correlations were found between technical variables (r = 0.36-0.99) and moderate to large correlations between physical and anthropometric parameters (r ranging from 0.36 to 0.68). Standing long jump is associated with 35.4% of duel and 30.5% of effective duel, pull-up is associated with 12.7% of duel, and 1,200-m is associated with 12.6% of effective pass and 26.2% of tackle. Tackle was associated with abdominal (14.1%), waist (13.7%) and hip (15.6%) circumferences, and fat mass (13%). Therefore, anthropometric and physical parameters may influence the tackles, duels and effective passes performed in the rugby sevens. Keywords: team sports; physical performance; women.

In this work we report four new host plants of carambola fruit fly [Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994 (Diptera: Tephritidae)] in Brazil from sampling carried out in four municipalities in the state of Amapá. We also report new host record for Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, 1937 and Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868 (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Brazil.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myopia is a growing global concern and there is a lack of studies on its prevalence among Brazilian schoolchildren. Methods: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of myopia in Brazilian children aged 3–18 years through a review and meta-analysis of published studies. Eleven high-quality studies were analyzed following the 2022 PRISMA guidelines. Prevalence was calculated using a meta-analysis, considering the heterogeneity among the studies. Results: The overall crude prevalence of myopia in Brazilian children was 7.65%. There was no significant association with the age of the children examined and no significant temporal trend was observed. Approximately one in 13 Brazilian schoolchildren had myopia. Conclusion: Given the increased exposure of Brazilian youth to the risk factors for myopia, it is crucial to monitor myopia in the country. Further studies are required to address and prevent myopia in Brazil.

Objective: Showcasing the Role of Digital Technologies, Frugal Innovation, and Imitability Attributes in Attracting Investments in Deep Tech Startups in an Emerging Economy. Methodology/approach: The primary data for this research were obtained from a sample of 216 deep tech startups from various sectors, located in São Paulo. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling through the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) method. Main results: Private investors are attracted to digital technologies and the attribute of being difficult to imitate. However, although there is a positive association between the capacity for frugal innovation and the hard-to-imitate attribute, no indirect effects of this capacity on investments were identified. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Focusing on emerging economies, this study contributes to the literature that investigates which factors explain investments in deep tech startups. Moreover, it contributes to the literature linking frugal innovation and technological complexity. Relevance/originality: Deep tech startups require substantial financial resources; however, in emerging markets, there is a scarcity of investment resources. Based on the RBV (Resource-Based View), this research demonstrates which capabilities are able to arouse the interest of private investors in the context of emerging economies. Social/management contributions: For entrepreneurs, the research highlights the importance of digital technologies in attracting investments. For investors and public policy makers, the study emphasizes the association of the capacity for frugal innovation with the attribute of imitability in deep tech startups.

ABSTRACT Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological cancer; it accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies and 1%-2% of all cancer diagnoses. From 1990 to 2019, an ecological study was conducted to describe and evaluate trends in Brazil’s morbidity, mortality, and disease. The Global Burden of Disease data described age-standardized (+40 years) incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and its components in Brazil and across its 27 federative units according to sex and Socio-demographic Index quintiles. Trends were estimated using linear regression and expressed as Average Annual Percentage Changes (AAPC) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Ascending trends of the measures were found for both sexes in Brazil and its federative units. Mortality increased to a lesser extent than incidence (AAPC=1.3%; 95%CI=1.2-1.3 vs. AAPC=1.5%; 95%CI= 1.5-1.5 for men; AAPC=0.9%; 95%CI=0.9-0.9 vs. AAPC=1.1%; 95%CI=1.1-1.2 for women), resulting in higher rising trends in prevalence for both sexes. All the measures were significantly higher in high- and high-middle socio-demographic quintiles; however, higher ascending trends were found in lower socio-demographic quintiles. Aging, level of development, diagnosis, and treatment appear to explain Brazil’s ascending multiple myeloma rates and their differences among the federative units.

Although various tools provide proteomic information, each tool has limitations related to execution platforms, libraries, versions, and data output format. Integrating data generated from different software is a laborious process that can prolong analysis time. Here, we present FastProtein, a protein analysis pipeline that is user-friendly, easily installable, and outputs important information about subcellular location, transmembrane domains, signal peptide, molecular weight, isoelectric point, hydropathy, aromaticity, gene ontology, endoplasmic reticulum retention domains, and N-glycosylation domains. It also helps determine the presence of glycosylphosphatidylinositol and obtain functional information from InterProScan, PANTHER, Pfam, and alignment-based annotation searches. FastProtein provides the scientific community with an easy-to-use computational tool for proteomic data analysis. It is applicable to both small datasets and proteome-wide studies. It can be used through the command line interface mode or a web interface installed on a local server. FastProtein significantly enhances proteomics analysis workflows by producing multiple results in a single-step process, thereby streamlining and accelerating the overall analysis. The software is open-source and freely available. Installation and execution instructions, as well as the source code and test files generated for tool validation, are available at https://github.com/bioinformatics-ufsc/FastProtein.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the prevalence of smokers among patients with chronic low back pain, in the presence and absence of Modic changes, also the correlation between smoking history and progression of the Modic scale. Methods: Observational study, case-control type, with the inclusion of 340 vertebral segments in a total of 68 patients, separated into groups: with Modic (case group) and without Modic (control group). The odds ratio between the groups was verified using the Chi-Square test. Degree of correlation between smoking history (packs/year) and the degree of disc degeneration using Max-Modic and Sum-Modic, using Spearman’s non-parametric test. Results: The Modic group (MG) was 54% female and 46% male, with an average smoking history of 13.84 pack-years and an average of 1.42 altered segments per patient. Conclusion: An increased risk for Modic changes was found among smoking patients (odds ratio [OR] 4.09; 95% CI, 1.26-12.31; p < 0.01) and significant correlation between Max-Modic, sum-Modic and smoking history. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.

Este artigo propõe um método inovador para a sumarização de textos relacionados a notícias portuárias, indicadores de desempenho e produtos. O método se baseia em técnicas avançadas de processamento de linguagem natural, visando identificar as informações mais relevantes e cruciais nos textos analisados. A avaliação do método foi conduzida utilizando um conjunto de dados de textos com notícias portuárias. Os resultados obtidos revelaram a capacidade do método em gerar sumários precisos e concisos, destacando sua eficácia na extração de informações cruciais. Além disso, o modelo demonstrou habilidade em identificar discrepâncias e imprecisões nos textos, sugerindo uma utilidade potencial em sistemas de verificação de notícias. A aplicação prática deste protótipo promete aprimorar significativamente a eficiência na análise e compreensão de textos relacionados ao setor portuário, proporcionando informações mais condensadas e relevantes. Sua capacidade de detecção de imprecisões também destaca sua utilidade em promover a precisão e confiabilidade das informações veiculadas, contribuindo para a integridade de sistemas de verificação de notícias.

Carboxyhydrazides are widely used in medicinal chemistry because of their medicinal properties and many drugs have been developed containing this functional group. A suitable intermediate to obtain potential hydrazide drug candidates is the title compound 5-hydroxypentanehydrazide, C5H12N2O2 (1). The aliphatic compound can react both via the hydroxyl and hydrazide moieties forming derivatives, which can inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalase-peroxidase (KatG) and consequently causes death of the pathogen. In this work, the hydrazide was obtained via a reaction of a lactone with hydrazine hydrate. The colourless prismatic single crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group Pca21. Regarding supramolecular interactions, the compound shows classic medium to strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds involving the hydroxyl and hydrazide groups. Besides, the three-dimensional packing also shows weak H...H and C...H contacts, as investigated by Hirshfeld surface analysis (HS) and fingerprint plots (FP).

Abstract Background Xylanase and β-glucanase combination (XG) hydrolyzes soluble non-starch polysaccharides that are anti-nutritional compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of XG on intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs. Methods Forty pigs (6.5 ± 0.4 kg) were assigned to 5 dietary treatments and fed for 35 d in 3 phases (11, 9, and 15 d, respectively). Basal diets mainly included corn, soybean meal, and corn distiller’s dried grains with solubles, contained phytase (750 FTU/kg), and were supplemented with 5 levels of XG at (1) 0, (2) 280 TXU/kg xylanase and 125 TGU/kg β-glucanase, (3) 560 and 250, (4) 840 and 375, or (5) 1,120 and 500, respectively. Growth performance was measured. On d 35, all pigs were euthanized and jejunal mucosa, jejunal digesta, jejunal tissues, and ileal digesta were collected to determine the effects of increasing XG levels and XG intake on intestinal health. Results Increasing XG intake tended to quadratically decrease (P = 0.059) viscosity of jejunal digesta (min: 1.74 mPa·s at 751/335 (TXU/TGU)/kg). Increasing levels of XG quadratically decreased (P

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar diferentes substratos na germinação de Melocactus oreas (Britton & Rose). Os substratos testados foram: T1: terra preta, T2: terra preta e areia (1:1), T3: terra preta, areia e esterco (2:1:1), e T4: terra preta, areia e casca de arroz carbonizada (2:1:1), os substratos foram acondicionados em bandejas. O teste de germinação foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de germinação e a velocidade de germinação. Conclui-se que o melhor substrato para germinação de M. oreas foi o composto formado por terra preta e areia (1:1), com 93% de germinação

Abstract Background A cost of illness (COI) study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic burden that an illness imposes on society as a whole. This study aimed to describe the resources used, patterns of care, direct cost, and loss of productivity due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Brazil. Methods This 12-month, cross-sectional, COI study of patients with SLE (ACR 1997 Classification Criteria) collected data using patient interviews (questionnaires) and medical records, covering: SLE profile, resources used, morbidities, quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12), and loss of productivity. Patients were excluded if they were retired or on sick leave for another illness. Direct resources included health-related (consultations, tests, medications, hospitalization) or non-health-related (transportation, home adaptation, expenditure on caregivers) hospital resources.Costs were calculated using the unit value of each resource and the quantity consumed. A gamma regression model explored cost predictors for patients with SLE. Results Overall, 300 patients with SLE were included (92.3% female,mean [standard deviation (SD)] disease duration 11.8 [7.9] years), of which 100 patients (33.3%) were on SLE-related sick leave and 46 patients (15.3%) had stopped schooling. Mean (SD) travel time from home to a care facility was 4.4 (12.6) hours. Antimalarials were the most commonly used drugs (222 [74.0%]). A negative correlation was observed between SF-12 physical component and SLE Disease Activity Index (− 0.117, p = 0.042), Systemic Lupus International CollaboratingClinics/AmericanCollegeofRheumatology Damage Index (− 0.115, p = 0.046), medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (− 0.272, p

Abstract The advanced stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be related to individual factors, socioeconomic conditions, and healthcare service availability. The objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence of advanced stage CRC at the time of diagnosis and its association with individual, contextual, socioeconomic, and healthcare service indicators. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing cases of malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum in individuals of both sexes, aged between 18 and 99 years, diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 in Brazil (n = 69,047). Data were collected from the Hospital Cancer Registry (HCR), Atlas of Human Development in Brazil, and from the National Registry of Health Institutions (NRHI). A Multilevel Poisson Regression model with random intercept was used. The prevalence of advanced stage CRC at diagnosis was 65.6%. Advanced stage was associated with older age groups prevalence ratio (PR) 4.40 and younger age groups (PR 1.84), low Human Development Index (HDI) (PR 1.22), and low density of family health strategy teams (PR 1.10). The study highlights the unequal distribution of social determinants of health in the diagnosis CRC in Brazil, revealing the need to evaluate and redirect public policies aimed at improving early detection and prevention of CRC in the country.

The increasing adoption of Internet of Things devices has led to a significant demand for cloud services, where latency and bandwidth play a crucial role in shaping users’ perception of network service quality. However, the use of cloud services with the desired quality is not always available to all users. Furthermore, uneven network coverage in urban and rural areas has created “digital deserts”, which are characterized by a lack of connectivity resources, complicating access to cloud services. In this scenario, edge computing emerges as a promising alternative for service provision. Edge computing leverages data processing at or near the source where it is generated rather than sending it to the cloud for processing. It can lead to several advantages, such as reduced latency and lower bandwidth usage. This paper addresses the need to ensure consistent quality of experience (QoE) and quality of service (QoS) in dynamic network environments, particularly in remote regions with limited infrastructure. We propose an orchestration service called Ubunye, which operates at the network edge and selects the most appropriate edge node to fulfill a given application request while satisfying its quality requirements. Ubunye considers factors such as latency and available bandwidth when selecting a node to execute the requested service. It implements a service classification system based on machine learning (ML) techniques. The ideal edge node is chosen through a multi-faceted evaluation, which includes current CPU load, memory availability, and other relevant parameters. Experiment results show that Ubunye effectively orchestrates resources at the network edge, enhancing QoE and QoS for services that demand low latency and high bandwidth. Additionally, it showcases the ability to classify services and allocate resources under challenging network conditions.

This paper presents a path-planning approach for tethered robots. The proposed planner finds paths that minimize the tether tension due to tether–obstacle and tether–floor interaction. The method assumes that the tether is managed externally by a tether management system and pulled by the robot. The planner is initially formulated for ground robots in a 2D environment and then extended for 3D scenarios, where it can be applied to tethered aerial and underwater vehicles. The proposed approach assumes a taut tether between two consecutive contact points and knowledge of the coefficient of friction of the obstacles present in the environment. The method first computes the visibility graph of the environment, in which each node represents a vertex of an obstacle. Then, a second graph, named the tension-aware graph, is built so that the tether–environment interaction, formulated in terms of tension, is computed and used as the cost of the edges. A graph search algorithm (e.g., Dijkstra) is then used to compute a path with minimum tension, which can help the tethered robot reach longer distances by minimizing the tension required to drag the tether along the way. This paper presents simulations and a real-world experiment that illustrate the characteristics of the method.