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This article evaluates the availability of key information on independent rhinology/skull base surgery fellowship websites compared to the American Rhinologic Society (ARS) website. The study found that out of 37 identified programs, 34 had program-created fellowship websites. On average, program-created websites fulfilled 49.4% of the criteria, while the ARS website fulfilled 58.1%. Important information such as case volume, sample case logs, and graduate placements were inconsistently provided on both types of websites. The article suggests that including these criteria could help applicants make more informed decisions when applying for a fellowship in rhinology/skull base surgery. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: The influence of apnea‐ and hypopnea‐predominance on hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy outcomes (HGNS) is still poorly defined. We assessed the significance of apnea‐ and hypopnea‐predominance in HGNS outcomes. Study Design: Case series with chart review. Setting: Single‐institution tertiary care center. Methods: A total of 216 subjects were included, all of which had undergone drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and HGNS implantation. Demographic and polysomnographic data were collected. The 4% apnea‐hypopnea criteria were used to calculate apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI). Central apneas were omitted. Univariate logistic and linear regression were used to study the association between these data and apnea‐predominance and hypopnea‐predominance. Kruskal‐Wallis rank sum test was used to compare medians between groups for DISE collapse patterns. Results: Sixty‐three patients were apnea‐predominant, and 153 patients were hypopnea‐predominant. These 2 groups were similar demographically (p >.20). There was no significant difference in HGNS outcomes between the groups assessed using Sher20 criteria at the 1‐year mark using all‐night, single‐setting polysomnography or home sleep studies. Apnea index (AI)/AHI and reduction in AHI from preoperative to titration were significantly associated (p =.046). The median preoperative hypopnea index was significantly lower (p =.033) in subjects with no oropharyngeal collapse than patients with partial or complete oropharyngeal collapse. There were no significant relationships between AI/AHI and the different degrees of collapse at the velopharynx, oropharynx, tongue base, or epiglottis. Conclusions: In line with CPAP, tonsillectomy, and mandibular advancement therapy studies, we found there was largely no significant difference in DISE anatomy or in HGNS treatment outcomes between apnea‐ and hypopnea‐predominant individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with axillary breast carcinoma is technically challenging and poorly described in the literature. We report a patient with primary ectopic breast carcinoma of the axilla in whom concurrent peri‐tumoral and intra‐tumoral injection of radionuclide tracer allowed for identification and biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict long-term facial nerve (FN) function after vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection., Methods: A retrospective cohort study of two tertiary academic skull base referral centers was performed. Consecutive adults > 18 years of age with sporadic unilateral VS who underwent resection between September 2016 and May 2021 were included. FN function in the immediate postoperative period and at the most recent evaluation was measured., Results: A total of 306 patients (mean age 49 years, 63% female) were included, with a mean follow-up of 18 months. The mean maximum tumor diameter was 19 mm (range 1-50 mm), and 80 (26.1%) tumors were > 25 mm. Overall, 85% of patients showed good immediate postoperative FN function (House-Brackmann [HB] grade I or II) and 89% maintained good FN function at > 12 months of follow-up. An intraoperative FN electromyographic (EMG) response ≥ 100 µV to 0.05 mA of stimulation (OR 18.6, p < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of good HB grade in the immediate postoperative period. EMG response ≥ 100 µV (OR 5.70, p < 0.001), tumor size ≤ 25 mm (OR 3.09, p < 0.05), and better immediate postoperative HB grade (OR 1.48, p = 0.005) predicted good long-term FN function on multivariable analysis. A point-of-care nomogram based on these data predicted long-term FN function with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 69%., Conclusions: Better immediate postoperative HB grade, intraoperative FN EMG response ≥ 100 µV, and tumor size ≤ 25 mm strongly predicted good long-term FN function after VS resection. A point-of-care nomogram based on these variables could serve as a useful tool for postoperative counseling and prognosis of long-term FN recovery.