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The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) Project has entered the phase of beam commissioning starting from the room-temperature front end and the superconducting linac segment of first 15 cryomodules. With the newly commissioned helium refrigeration system supplying 4.5 K liquid helium to the quarter-wave resonators and solenoids, the FRIB accelerator team achieved the sectional key performance parameters as designed ahead of schedule accelerating heavy ion beams above 20 MeV/u energy. Thus, FRIB accelerator becomes world's highest-energy heavy ion linear accelerator. We also validated machine protection and personnel protection systems that will be crucial to the next phase of commissioning. FRIB is on track towards a national user facility at the power frontier with a beam power two orders of magnitude higher than operating heavy-ion facilities. This paper summarizes the status of accelerator design, technology development, construction, commissioning as well as path to operations and upgrades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Purpose: To compare physiological responses of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS/ME), multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls (HC) following a 24‐h repeated exercise test. Methods: Ten CFS, seven MS and 17 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (10, CFS HC; and seven, MS HC) were recruited. Each participant completed a maximal incremental cycle exercise test on day 1 and again 24 h later. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2), carbon dioxide production and workload (WL) were recorded. Data analysis investigated these responses at anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak work rate (PWR). Results: On day 2, both CFS and MS had significantly reduced max workload compared to HC. On day 2, significant differences were apparent in WL between CFS and CFS HC (93 ± 37 W, 132 ± 42 W, P<0·042). CFS workload decreased on day 2, alongside a decrease in HR but with an increase in V ˙ O 2 (ml kg min−1). This was in comparison with an increase in WL, HR and V ˙ O 2 for CFS HC. MS demonstrated a decreased WL compared to MS HC on both days of the study (D1 81 ± 30 W, 116 ±30 W; D2 84 ± 29 W, 118 ± 36 W); however, patients with MS were able to achieve a higher WL on day 2 alongside MS HC. Conclusion: These results suggest that exercise exhibits a different physiological response in MS and CFS/ME, demonstrating repeated cardiovascular exercise testing as a valid measure for differentiating between fatigue conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the contribution of behavioural and social sciences for understanding health, illness and medical practice is made explicit in documents such as Tomorrow's Doctors, research shows that the proportion of curriculum space given to psychology in undergraduate curricula varies widely between medical schools. In the US, recommendations for behavioural sciences education for medical undergraduates have been developed. However, the United Kingdom has yet to produce agreed curriculum outcomes for behavioural sciences in medical education. We aimed to develop an evidence-based consensus behavioural sciences curriculum for undergraduate medical education. This paper reports a novel technique for curriculum development that utilises knowledge and expertise of key stakeholders from medicine, medical education and behavioural sciences. It was successfully used to develop a psychology core curriculum for undergraduate medicine in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients who have completed initial cancer treatment (cancer survivors) have been relatively neglected. We need data to help us better understand the needs of this group and to underpin evidence-based service development.Methods: Scoping reviews of research published in the last two decades focussing on the problems faced by cancer survivors, and the effectiveness of interventions for these problems were undertaken. The aim was to identify what we know, what we do not know and opportunities where research could provide new information. We searched for, retrieved and rapidly appraised systematic reviews sourced from the most common electronic databases supplemented by more recently published individual studies.Results: The research evidence is surprisingly limited. We have some knowledge of the prevalence and nature of depression, pain and fatigue in cancer survivors. We know much less about cognitive and physical impairment, employment, financial well-being and relationships. Even where we have evidence, it is mostly of only moderate quality, is most often only for breast cancer and focuses almost exclusively on the early phase of survivorship. We have good evidence for the effectiveness of drug treatments for pain and moderate evidence for fatigue and depression, but not for other symptoms. Interventions based on rehabilitative and self-management approaches remain in the early stages of evaluation.Interpretation: There has been a substantial amount of research describing many of the problems experienced by the cancer survivors. This is strongest in the area of symptoms in the period soon after treatment. However, the quality of the evidence is often poor, and some topics have been little examined. We urgently need data on the natural evolution and scale of the problems of cancer survivors obtained from well-designed, large-scale cohort studies and the robust testing of interventions in clinical trials. Given the current financially constrained research funding environment, we suggest areas in which strategic investment might give findings that have the potential to make a major impact on patient well-being in a 5-year time scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systematic screening for depression has been recommended for patients who have medical conditions like cancer. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is becoming widely used, but its diagnostic accuracy has not yet been tested in a cancer patient population. In this article, the authors report on the performance of the PHQ-9 as a screening instrument for major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients with cancer.Methods: Data obtained from a depression screening service for patients who were attending clinics of a Regional Cancer Centre in Edinburgh, United Kingdom were used. Patients had completed both the PHQ-9 and a 2-stage procedure to identify cases of MDD. Performance of the PHQ-9 in identifying cases of MDD was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: Data were available on 4264 patients. When scored as a continuous measure, the PHQ-9 performed well with an area under the ROC curve of 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-0.95). A cutoff score of ≥ 8 provided a sensitivity of 93% (95% CI, 89%-95%), a specificity of 81% (95% CI, 80%-82%), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 25%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99% and could be considered optimum in a screening context. The PHQ-9 did not perform as well when it was scored using an algorithm with a sensitivity of 56% (95% CI, 55%-57%), a specificity of 96% (95% CI, 95%-97%), a PPV of 52%, and an NPV of 97%.Conclusions: The PHQ-9 scored as a continuous measure with a cutoff score of ≥ 8 performed well in identifying MDD in cancer patients and should be considered as a screening instrument in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trend towards crop specialization and increased farm size in U.S. agricultural systems has had negative economic and environmental impacts. On large, specialized farms, bottlenecks in labor occur, and a significant amount of seasonal labor is underutilized. This study was conducted to determine if this labor could be allocated to the production of supplemental enterprises. A linear programming analysis confirmed that 2,807 hours of underutilized labor exists in a typical corn-soybean rotation and that integration of the supplemental crops evaluated in our study are feasible. Grazing of stalk residues alone did not make use of the underutilized labor, however, integration of two alternative cabbage production scenarios as well as an agroforestry alternative that included decorative woody florals made use of an additional 357 and 306 hours of the underutilized labor, respectively. The integration of supplemental alternative crops into an existing corn-soybean rotation has the ability to make use of underutilized labor and has potential to increase farm profitability and improve agronomic and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used a qualitative approach to examine the experiences of parents participating as members of the Duchenne Family Support Group (DFSG), with a focus on whether social comparison occurred within this group. Eight parents were interviewed about their experiences of being a member. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes inductively. The study uncovered a wide range of social comparisons, including upward and downward comparisons on illness and coping dimensions, with both positive and negative affects. The results highlighted the complexity of socially comparing within the context of chronic illness, particularly in an illness in which deterioration is inevitable. Copyright © 2010 SAGE Publications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines a rural principal's job minute by minute, focusing on the countless problems of varying importance that fill the work day. Explains the importance of the principalship and how the principal provides warmth, respect, freedom, and success to people. (SB)

A description of Project Preserve, a Colorado high school living history course which provides students with tools to find their roots and understand themselves and their futures, presents a history of the project; details the formation of goals, objectives, and philosophy; and notes the advantages to both students and community. (SB)

The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) as a behavioral intervention designed to decrease distress during port access procedure was examined in 20 7- to 14-year-old pediatric oncology patients. Children were randomized to either engage in an immersive VR environment during the procedure or to a no VR control condition. Children's distress was assessed through subjective self-ratings and objective physiological and behavioral ratings. Narrative accounts of the experience were used as a measure of how well the child coped with the procedure. VR was effective in reducing children's distress on all measures. Implications of these findings for intervention are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the role of rhodium carboxylate in the catalysis of the decomposition of vinyldiazoacetates. Utilization of the azabicyclic ring system in pharmaceutical agents; Implication of vinyldiazoacetate decomposition for tropane construction; Occurrence of cycloaddition by cyclopropanation/Cope rearrangement.

Reports on the hypothesis that the heteroatom attached beta to the carbonyl mediates an increased steric and/or electronic barrier to the transition state for protonation of the enolate from the top or exo face. Occurrence of equilibration to give more stable exo-protonated products if quenching were carried out at higher temperatures or in aqueous media.

Describes the synthesis of amine-vinylpyrrole complexes. Introduction of different functionality on the pendant double bond; Diels-Alder reactions with dienophiles generating the tetrahydroindole nucleus; Decomplexion and oxidation of tetrahydroindole complexes.