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6. Dense nuclear matter equation of state from heavy-ion collisions

Author

Sorensen, Agnieszka, Agarwal, Kshitij, Brown, Kyle W., Chajęcki, Zbigniew, Danielewicz, Paweł, Drischler, Christian, Gandolfi, Stefano, Holt, Jeremy W., Kaminski, Matthias, Ko, Che-Ming, Kumar, Rohit, Li, Bao-An, Lynch, William G., McIntosh, Alan B., Newton, William G., Pratt, Scott, Savchuk, Oleh, Stefaniak, Maria, Tews, Ingo, Tsang, ManYee Betty, Vogt, Ramona, Wolter, Hermann, Zbroszczyk, Hanna, Abbasi, Navid, Aichelin, Jörg, Andronic, Anton, Bass, Steffen A., Becattini, Francesco, Blaschke, David, Bleicher, Marcus, Blume, Christoph, Bratkovskaya, Elena, Brown, B. Alex, Brown, David A., Camaiani, Alberto, Casini, Giovanni, Chatziioannou, Katerina, Chbihi, Abdelouahad, Colonna, Maria, Cozma, Mircea Dan, Dexheimer, Veronica, Dong, Xin, Dore, Travis, Du, Lipei, Dueñas, José A., Elfner, Hannah, Florkowski, Wojciech, Fujimoto, Yuki, Furnstahl, Richard J., Gade, Alexandra, Galatyuk, Tetyana, Gale, Charles, Geurts, Frank, Gramegna, Fabiana, Grozdanov, Sašo, Hagel, Kris, Harris, Steven P., Haxton, Wick, Heinz, Ulrich, Heller, Michal P., Hen, Or, Hergert, Heiko, Herrmann, Norbert, Huang, Huan Zhong, Huang, Xu-Guang, Ikeno, Natsumi, Inghirami, Gabriele, Jankowski, Jakub, Jia, Jiangyong, Jiménez, José C., Kapusta, Joseph, Kardan, Behruz, Karpenko, Iurii, Keane, Declan, Kharzeev, Dmitri, Kugler, Andrej, Le Fèvre, Arnaud, Lee, Dean, Liu, Hong, Lisa, Michael A., Llope, William J., Lombardo, Ivano, Lorenz, Manuel, Marchi, Tommaso, McLerran, Larry, Mosel, Ulrich, Motornenko, Anton, Müller, Berndt, Napolitani, Paolo, Natowitz, Joseph B., Nazarewicz, Witold, Noronha, Jorge, Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn, Odyniec, Grażyna, Papakonstantinou, Panagiota, Paulínyová, Zuzana, Piekarewicz, Jorge, Pisarski, Robert D., Plumberg, Christopher, Prakash, Madappa, Randrup, Jørgen, Ratti, Claudia, Rau, Peter, Reddy, Sanjay, Schmidt, Hans-Rudolf, Russotto, Paolo, Ryblewski, Radoslaw, Schäfer, Andreas, Schenke, Björn, Sen, Srimoyee, Senger, Peter, Seto, Richard, Shen, Chun, Sherrill, Bradley, Singh, Mayank, Skokov, Vladimir, Spaliński, Michał, Steinheimer, Jan, Stephanov, Mikhail, Stroth, Joachim, Sturm, Christian, Sun, Kai-Jia, Tang, Aihong, Torrieri, Giorgio, Trautmann, Wolfgang, Verde, Giuseppe, Vovchenko, Volodymyr, Wada, Ryoichi, Wang, Fuqiang, Wang, Gang, Werner, Klaus, Xu, Nu, Xu, Zhangbu, Yee, Ho-Ung, Yennello, Sherry, and Yin, Yi

Published
2024
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17. Effect of Longitudinal Fluctuations of 3D Weizsäcker–Williams Field on Pressure Isotropization of Glasma.

Author

Matsuda, Hidefumi and Huang, Xu-Guang

Subjects
*ENERGY density, *ELECTROMAGNETIC fields, *YANG-Mills theory, *FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
Abstract

We investigate the effects of boost invariance breaking on the isotropization of pressure in the glasma, using a 3+1D glasma simulation. The breaking is attributed to spatial fluctuations in the classical color charge density along the collision axis. We present numerical results for pressure and energy density at mid-rapidity and across a wider rapidity region. It is found that, despite varying longitudinal correlation lengths, the behaviors of the pressure isotropizations are qualitatively similar. The numerical results suggest that, in the initial stage, longitudinal color electromagnetic fields develop, similar to those in the boost invariant glasma. Subsequently, these fields evolve into a dilute glasma, expanding longitudinally in a manner akin to a dilute gas. We also show that the energy density at mid-rapidity exhibits a 1 / τ decay in the dilute glasma stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Global hyperon polarization and effects of decay feeddown

Author

Li Hui, Xia Xiao-Liang, Huang Xu-Guang, and Huang Huan Zhong

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We study the global polarizations of Λ, Ξ−, and Ω− hyperons in noncentral Au + Au collisions at √SNN = 7.7-200 GeV$\sqrt {{S_{{\rm{NN}}}}} = 7.7 - 200\,{\rm{GeV}}$SNN=7.7−200 GeV. We highlight the importance of effect of decay feeddown to the measured global polarization. With the decay contributions taken into account, the global polarization ordering PΩ− > PΞ− > PΛ${P_{{\Omega ^ - }}} > {P_{{\Xi ^ - }}} > {P_\Lambda }$PΩ−>PΞ−>PΛ can be naturally explained, which is consistent with the observation recently reported from the STAR experiment from Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. We also extend our calculations to predict expectations from the RHIC-BES II data.

Published
2022
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27. Chiral magnetovortical instability

Author

Wang, Shuai and Huang, Xu-Guang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate that in a chiral plasma subject to an external magnetic field, the chiral vortical effect can induce a new type of magnetohydrodynamic instability which we refer to as the {\it chiral magnetovortical instability}. This instability arises from the mutual evolution of the magnetic and vortical fields. It can cause a rapid amplification of the magnetic fields by transferring the chirality of the constituent particles to the cross helicity of the plasma., V1: 7pages, 2 figures

Published
2023

28. QCD on Rotating Lattice with Staggered Fermions

Author

Yang, Ji-Chong and Huang, Xu-Guang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics - Lattice, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

We investigate the finite-temperature quantum chromodynamics (QCD) on a rotating lattice with $N_f=2+1$ staggered fermions and the projective plane boundary condition. We observe a negative rotational rigidity (defined in the main text) and a negative quark spin susceptibility associated with the chiral vortical effect. In contrast to most of the effective model predictions, we find that the chiral condensate decreases and the Polyakov loop increases with imaginary rotation, implying a rotational catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking and confinement by real rotation. We determine the phase boundaries for both chiral and confinement-deconfinement phase transitions on the $\Omega_I$-$T$ plane, where $\Omega_I$ is the imaginary angular velocity., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures

Published
2023

29. Quark-meson model under rotation: A functional renormalization group study

Author

Chen, Hao-Lei, Zhu, Zhi-Bin, and Huang, Xu-Guang

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

Rapid rotation may exist in physical systems such as non-central heavy ion collisions and neutron stars. Using functional renormalization group analysis of the quark-meson model, we investigate the effects of real and imaginary rotation on the chiral phase transition. Our results confirm previous studies conducted with other model calculations and shed light on the importance of boundary conditions in the infrared region of the theory., 14 pages, 12 figures

Published
2023

32. Solvent Effect on the Fabrication of POMs-Based MOFs Microspheres: Dual-Function in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Catalytic Reduction of Cr6+.

Author

Liu, Min-Min, Wu, Xue-Min, Guo, Hong-Xu, Huang, Xu-Guang, and Ying, Shao-Ming

Subjects
CATALYTIC reduction, METAL-organic frameworks, CATALYTIC activity, HYDROGEN evolution reactions, HYDROGEN, CATALYSIS, SOLVENTS, MICROSPHERES
Abstract

In this study, a novel polyoxometalates-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) microsphere, that is [Ni(phen)H2O]·V2O6 (phen is o-phenanthroline), have been successfully fabricated by one-pot simple hydro(solvent)thermal reaction through regulating different solvent ratios (H2O/EtOH). The experimental results show that the solvent effect has a significant effect on the micro-morphology and the catalytic activity of the materials. The dual-function in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and catalytic reduction of Cr6+ of the as-prepared POMOFs microspheres have been also studied. The POMOF(V,Ni)_3 catalyst prepared in the medium of pure ethanol have the best catalytic activity, in which the overpotential of 159 mV for the electrode is comparable to that of MoS2-based electrode material, and the rate constant k reaches 0.14 in the process of catalytic reduction of Cr6+. In this study, a novel polyoxometalates-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) microsphere [Ni(phen)H2O]·V2O6 have been successfully fabricated by one-pot simple hydro(solvent)thermal reaction through regulating different solvent ratios. The dual-function in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and catalytic reduction of Cr6+ of the as-prepared sample have been also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Lambda polarization in Ag Ag and Au Au collisions around a few GeV

Author

Deng, Xian-Gai, Huang, Xu-Guang, and Ma, Yu-Gang

Abstract

Within the framework of Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model, we extract the global spin polarization of Λ hyperon in $^{108}$Ag+108Ag and $^{197}$ Au+197Au collisions at sNN=2.42–62.4 GeV. We use two different approaches to calculate the Λ polarization Py: approach I is based on equilibrium assumption so that Py is determined by thermal vorticity and approach II assumes a proportional relation between Py and the system's angular momentum in Λ's rest frame. We find that both approaches can describe the experimental data at low energies around a few GeV but only approach I describes well also higher-energy data. This suggests that at higher energies the relativistic effect plays an important role. After taking into such effect properly, the relativity-improved approach II can describe the higher-energy data as well.

Published
2022

36. Electromagnetic fields in ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author

Zhao, Jie, Chen, Jinhui, Huang, Xu-Guang, and Ma, Yu-Gang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions (UPC) provide unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic fields. Highly-charged moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that act as fields of photons. The exchange of photons could induce photonuclear and two-photon interactions as well as excite the ions into giant dipole resonances (GDRs) or even higher excitation. The GDRs typically decay by emitting photons and even a single neutron, while high-excited resonances usually decay by emitting two or more photons and/or neutrons. On the other hand, the electromagnetic fields of heavy ions are very strong, so one of the two colliding ions is enforced by the other's electromagnetic field. As a result, the two colliding ions are pushed into opposite directions by the electromagnetic forces, and thus the neutrons emitted from different ions could present a back-to-back correlation. Using a Monte-Carlo simulation implementing the electromagnetic fields as well as the neutron emission from previous measurements or model calculations, we qualitatively demonstrate that the above electromagnetic effect is large enough to be observed in UPC, which would provide a clear means to study the strong electromagnetic fields and its effects., 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2022

48. Phenomenology of anomalous chiral transports in heavy-ion collisions

Author

Huang Xu-Guang

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

High-energy Heavy-ion collisions can generate extremely hot quark-gluon matter and also extremely strong magnetic fields and fluid vorticity. Once coupled to chiral anomaly, the magnetic fields and fluid vorticity can induce a variety of novel transport phenomena, including the chiral magnetic effect, chiral vortical effect, etc. Some of them require the environmental violation of parity and thus provide a means to test the possible parity violation in hot strongly interacting matter. We will discuss the underlying mechanism and implications of these anomalous chiral transports in heavy-ion collisions.

Published
2018
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49. Strongly interacting matter under rotation

Author

Jiang Yin, Lin Zi-Wei, Huang Xu-Guang, and Liao Jinfeng

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The vorticity-driven effects are systematically studied in various aspects. With AMPT the distributions of vorticity has been investigated in heavy ion collisions with different collision parameters. Taking the rotational polarization effect into account a generic condensate suppression mechanism is discussed and quantitatively studied with NJL model. And in chiral restored phase the chiral vortical effects would generate a new collective mode, i.e. the chiral vortical wave. Using the rotating quark-gluon plasma in heavy ion collisions as a concrete example, we show the formation of induced flavor quadrupole in QGP and estimate the elliptic flow splitting effect for Λ baryons.

Published
2018
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