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242 results on '"Huberman, Bernardo A."'

13. Status as a Valued Resource

Author

Huberman, Bernardo A., Loch, Christoph H., and Onculer, Ayse

Abstract

The striving for status has long been recognized in sociology and economics. Extensive theoretical arguments and empirical evidence propose that people view status as a sign of competence and pursue it as a means to achieve power and resources. A small literature, however, based on arguments from biology and evolutionary psychology, proposes that people pursue status as an (emotional) goal in itself, independent of competence and expressed by culturally flexible symbols. We present results of an experiment with human subjects from five different national cultures. We found that the subjects valued status independently of any monetary consequence and were willing to trade off some material gain to obtain it. Although this result was stable across the five cultures, the intensity of the striving for status and the desirability of a public display of status varied strongly: the intensity of the status motive corresponded to Hofstede's power distance index of the respective culture. Finally, the amount of status seeking observed differed for men and for women, a preliminary but intriguing observation that deserves further study. (Contains 1 figure, 8 footnotes, and 3 tables.)

Published
2004
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15. An Overview on Deployment Strategies for Global Quantum Key Distribution Networks

Author

Wang, Jing and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

We present a comprehensive literature review and comparative study on the deployment strategies of quantum key distribution (QKD) networks for global coverage. The state-of-the-art deployment strategies, including terrestrial QKD via optical fibers, free-space QKD via ground-based fixed links and ground-to-air dynamic links, and satellite QKD, are reviewed and compared in terms of channel loss, interference, distance limit, connection topology, and deployment cost. Selection criteria and deployment strategies are developed to enable a global coverage of QKD networks from intercontinental, long-haul, metro, to access networks.

Published
2022
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19. SAFE: Secure Aggregation with Failover and Encryption

Author

Sandholm, Thomas, Mukherjee, Sayandev, and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC), Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
Abstract

We propose and experimentally evaluate a novel secure aggregation algorithm targeted at cross-organizational federated learning applications with a fixed set of participating learners. Our solution organizes learners in a chain and encrypts all traffic to reduce the controller of the aggregation to a mere message broker. We show that our algorithm scales better and is less resource demanding than existing solutions, while being easy to implement on constrained platforms. With 36 nodes our method outperforms state-of-the-art secure aggregation by 70x, and 56x with and without failover, respectively.

Published
2021

21. A Reconfigurable Relay for Polarization Encoded QKD Networks

Author

Wang, Jing and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Quantum Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Physics - Applied Physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Computer Science::Information Theory, Computer Science::Cryptography and Security
Abstract

We propose a method for reconfiguring a relay node for polarization encoded quantum key distribution (QKD) networks. The relay can be switched between trusted and untrusted modes to adapt to different network conditions, relay distances, and security requirements. This not only extends the distance over which a QKD network operates but also enables point-to-multipoint (P2MP) network topologies. The proposed architecture centralizes the expensive and delicate single-photon detectors (SPDs) at the relay node with eased maintenance and cooling while simplifying each user node so that it only needs commercially available devices for low-cost qubit preparation.

Published
2021

29. Learning to Wait: Wi-Fi Contention Control using Load-based Predictions

Author

Sandholm, Thomas, Huberman, Bernardo, Hamzeh, Belal, and Clearwater, Scott

Subjects
Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract

We propose and experimentally evaluate a novel method that dynamically changes the contention window of access points based on system load to improve performance in a dense Wi-Fi deployment. A key feature is that no MAC protocol changes, nor client side modifications are needed to deploy the solution. We show that setting an optimal contention window can lead to throughput and latency improvements up to 155%, and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, we devise an online learning method that efficiently finds the optimal contention window with minimal training data, and yields an average improvement in throughput of 53-55% during congested periods for a real traffic-volume workload replay in a Wi-Fi test-bed.

Published
2019

34. A method for finding communities of related genes

Author

Wilkinson, Dennis M. and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
Genetics -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

We present a method for creating a network of gene co-occurrences from the literature and partitioning it into communities of related genes. The way in which our method identifies communities makes it likely that the component genes of each community will be related by their function. The method processes a large database of article abstracts, synthesizing information from many sources to shed light on groups of genes that have been shown to interact. It is a tool to be used by researchers in the biomedical sciences to swiftly search for known interactions and to provide insight into unexplored connections. The partitioning procedure is designed to be particularly applicable to large networks in which individual nodes may play a role in more than one community. In this paper, we explain the details of the method, in particular the partitioning process. We also apply the method to produce communities of genes related to colon cancer and show that the results are useful.

Published
2004

35. Competitive dynamics of web sites

Author

Maurer, Sebastian M. and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
Competition (Economics) -- Research, Dynamical systems -- Research, Web sites -- Economic aspects, Company Web site/Web page, Web site/Web page development, Business, Economics
Abstract

In measuring electronic markets the authors find that several companies compete equally, and then one company takes the lead while the others go out of business.

Published
2003

41. Crowdsourcing, attention and productivity

Author

Huberman, Bernardo A., Romero, Daniel M., and Wu, Fang

Subjects
Crowds -- Behavior, Attention-seeking -- Social aspects, Library and information science
Abstract

The productivity exhibited in crowdsourcing that show a strong positive dependence on attention, measured by the number of downloads is examined. Data set from YouTube were analyzed and the findings reveal that the lack of attention usually led to decrease in the number of videos uploaded and consequent drop in productivity. Insights on the comparison made by contributors are also given.

Published
2009

44. Reports of the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposia

Author

Balduccini, Marcello, Baral, Chitta, Brodaric, Boyan, Colton, Simon, Fox, Peter, Gutelius, David, Hinkelmann,Knut, Horswill, Ian, Huberman, Bernardo, Hudlicka, Eva, Lerman, Kristina, Lisetti, Christine, McGuinness, Deborah, Maher, Mary Lou, Musen, Mark A., Sahami, Mehran, Sleeman, Derek, Thonssen, Barbara, Velasquez, Juan, and Ventura, Dan

Subjects
Algorithm, Stanford University -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Algorithms -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Algorithms -- Social aspects, Universities and colleges -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Universities and colleges -- Social aspects, Computer science -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Computer science -- Social aspects
Abstract

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) was pleased to present the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposium Series, held Wednesday through Friday, March 26-28, 2008, at Stanford University, California. […], The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) was pleased to present the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposium Series, held Wednesday through Friday, March 26-28, 2008, at Stanford University, California. The eight symposia were titled (1) AI Meets Business Rules and Process Management, (2) Architectures for Intelligent Theory-Based Agents, (3) Creative Intelligent Systems, (4) Emotion, Personality, and Social Behavior, (5) Semantic Scientific Knowledge Integration, (6) Social Information Processing, (7) Symbiotic Relationships between Semantic Web and Knowledge Engineering, (8) Using AI to Motivate Greater Participation in Computer Science. The goal of the AI Meets Business Rules and Process Management AAAI symposium was to investigate the various approaches and standards to represent business rules, business process management, and the semantic web with respect to expressiveness and reasoning capabilities. The focus of the Architectures for Intelligent Theory-Based Agents AAAI symposium was the definition of architectures for intelligent theory-based agents, comprising languages, knowledge representation methodologies, reasoning algorithms, and control loops. The Creative Intelligent Systems symposium included five major discussion sessions and a general poster session (in which all contributing papers were presented). The purpose of this symposium was to explore the synergies between creative cognition and intelligent sys terns. The goal of the Emotion, Personality, and Social Behavior symposium was to examine fundamental issues in affect and personality in both biological and artificial agents, focusing on the roles of these factors in mediating social behavior. The Semantic Scientific Knowledge Integration symposium brought together the semantic technologies community with the scientific information technology community in an effort to build the general semantic science information community. The Social Information Processing symposium's goal was to investigate computational and analytic approaches that will enable users to harness the efforts of large numbers of other users to solve a variety of information processing problems, from discovering high-quality content to managing common resources. The goal of the Symbiotic Relationships between the Semantic Web and Software Engineering symposium was to explore how the lessons learned by the knowledge-engineering community over the past three decades could be applied to the bold research agenda of current workers in semantic web technologies. The purpose of the Using AI to Motivate Greater Participation in Computer Science symposium was to identify ways that topics in AI may be used to motivate greater student participation in computer science by highlighting fun, engaging, and intellectually challenging developments in the AI-related curriculum at a number of educational levels. Technical reports of the symposia were published by AAAI Press.

Published
2008

47. A Learning Approach to Wi-Fi Access

Author

Sandholm, Thomas and Huberman, Bernardo A.

Subjects
Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract

We show experimentally that workload-based AP-STA associations can improve system throughput significantly. We present a predictive model that guides optimal resource allocations in dense Wi-Fi networks and achieves 72-77% of the optimal throughput with varying training data set sizes using a 3-day trace of real cable modem traffic.

Published
2018

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