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148 results on '"Hurley, Rachel"'

14. A phase 1 and pharmacodynamic study of chronically-dosed, single-agent veliparib (ABT-888) in patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated cancer or platinum-refractory ovarian or triple-negative breast cancer

Author

Manzo, Julia, Puhalla, Shannon, Pahuja, Shalu, Ding, Fei, Lin, Yan, Appleman, Leonard, Tawbi, Hussein, Stoller, Ronald, Lee, James J., Diergaarde, Brenda, Kiesel, Brian F., Yu, Jing, Tan, Antoinette R., Belani, Chandra P., Chew, Helen, Garcia, Agustin A., Morgan, Robert J., Wahner Hendrickson, Andrea E., Visscher, Daniel W., Hurley, Rachel M., Kaufmann, Scott H., Swisher, Elizabeth M., Oesterreich, Steffi, Katz, Tiffany, Ji, Jiuping, Zhang, Yiping, Parchment, Ralph E., Chen, Alice, Duan, Wenrui, Giranda, Vincent, Shepherd, Stacie P., Ivy, S. Percy, Chu, Edward, and Beumer, Jan H.

Published
2022
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17. Metals and microplastics in the 'first industrial city' : fluvial sediment contamination in the upper Mersey and Irwell catchments, UK

Author

Hurley, Rachel, Rothwell, James, and Woodward, Jamie

Subjects
550, metals, microplastic, river, river sediment, environmental contamination, Manchester, Irwell, Mersey
Abstract

Rivers have been the recipients of waste for millennia. However, since the onset of industrial and urban development, major degradation of fluvial systems has been observed globally. This has encompassed a wide range of contaminants from numerous potential sources. Despite efforts to reduce inputs, contamination continues to persist in many catchments. Metal contamination of fluvial sediments is a well-established problem. Conversely, microplastics are an emerging contaminant, for which there is a paucity of data regarding their sources, behaviour, and fate. Based on the onset of industrialisation, Manchester is often heralded the 'first industrial city'. During the industrial period, the fluvial network became heavily contaminated. By the 1970s, it was amongst the most polluted river systems in Europe. Despite this background, no study has thus far undertaken a systematic, catchment-wide survey of sediment-associated contamination. This study assesses patterns of metal and microplastic contamination in fluvial sediments of the Irwell and upper Mersey catchments (1527 km2), which comprise the Manchester river network, from the onset of the industrial period to the present day. Five metal(loid)s have been studied and microplastics are assessed by type, size, and density for the first time. Metal concentrations in fine-grained bed sediments are heavily enriched across the entire fluvial network, even in headwater reaches. By examining spatial patterns, it is possible to attribute a portion of this to the reworking of historically-contaminated material; although, modern, urban sources are also important. Sources of metals to channel beds are numerous and spatially complex. This is also the case for microplastic contamination; although, microplastic particles are not bound to natural sediments and exert more transient behaviour in fluvial systems. Following an extreme flood event on Boxing Day 2015 and a sustained period of high flows (winter 2015/16), metal contamination was shown to present markedly conservative behaviour despite significant reworking of bed sediments. Metal mobility was generally low and was not affected in the long-term by hydrological processes. Despite this, the results indicate that bed sediment-associated metal contamination is likely to persist into the future at levels that exceed sediment quality guidelines. In contrast, flooding is very effective in flushing high concentrations of microplastics from channel beds. This suggests that microplastic contamination can be effectively reduced through source control. The environmental significance of microplastic contamination was directly observed through the ingestion of microplastics by freshwater Tubifex worms at the distal end of the Irwell system (Salford Quays). Microplastic concentrations within worm tissue were high, indicating an increased risk for trophic transfer. This also presents a potential link to the human food chain. Furthermore, both metals and microplastics accumulate in floodplain deposits. Floodplains are effective in preserving microplastics, recording the temporal evolution of microplastic contamination over the last 75 years. Maximum values are observed in the late 1960s/early 1970s. Conversely, elevated metal concentrations occur much earlier and reflect catchment-wide patterns of industrialisation and urban growth. Reworking of channel banks forms a secondary source of metals and microplastics to the active river channel and downstream environments that will persist long into the future. Thus far, microplastics have passed under the monitoring radar and sediment contamination is rarely given due consideration in assessments of river quality, such as in the Water Framework Directive. However, this study shows that both metals and microplastics within fluvial sediments are important contaminants and have significant implications for the health of the entire aquatic system.

Published
2018

18. Moving forward in microplastic research: A Norwegian perspective

Author

Lusher, Amy L., Hurley, Rachel, Arp, Hans Peter H., Booth, Andy M., Bråte, Inger Lise N., Gabrielsen, Geir W., Gomiero, Alessio, Gomes, Tânia, Grøsvik, Bjørn Einar, Green, Norman, Haave, Marte, Hallanger, Ingeborg G., Halsband, Claudia, Herzke, Dorte, Joner, Erik J., Kögel, Tanja, Rakkestad, Kirsten, Ranneklev, Sissel B., Wagner, Martin, and Olsen, Marianne

Published
2021
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23. Drivers and Buffers of Stream Flashiness in the Mid‐Atlantic United States.

Author

Hurley, Rachel, Brandes, David, and Kelleher, Christa

Subjects
URBAN watersheds, URBAN hydrology, WATERSHED hydrology, GEOMORPHOLOGY, LAND cover, WATERSHEDS
Abstract

Flashiness is a hydrologic signature used to describe the responsiveness of streamflow to precipitation. In practise, flashiness has most often been correlated with rainfall intensity and the presence of urban land cover or imperviousness. However, a number of watershed characteristics can influence flashiness, necessitating further investigation of how this particular watershed behaviour and its associated drivers vary at regional scales. We investigated how ten measurable watershed characteristics are empirically related to flashiness of 195 gauged streams in the Mid‐Atlantic region using linear regression analysis. The selected gauges had drainage areas ranging in size from 15 to 250 km2. To explore multiple quantifications of flashiness, we determined both the Richards‐Baker flashiness index, calculated from the continuous hydrograph, and number of peaks‐over‐threshold, for all watersheds for a 10‐year period. As found in other studies, the percentage of watershed development was strongly correlated with stream flashiness, though significant inverse relationships also existed for forest cover, water and wetlands and carbonate geology. Differences in flashiness values between rural and suburban watersheds were not significant, with a significant increase in flashiness (p < 0.01) occurring at 80% development or ~ 25% imperviousness. In addition, we found significant differences in relationships between watershed characteristics and flashiness when differentiated by physiographic regions. For the study area and each of its five physiographic sub‐regions, we identified the four most important predictors through multiple regression. The overall mid‐Atlantic model suggested that development, wetlands and compactness ratio as the most important predictors (adj R2 = 0.57). Significant predictors of stream flashiness varied among regions; however, wetlands served as a significant buffer of flashiness in four of five sub‐regions demonstrating the importance of wetlands in modulating flash‐flooding. In all physiographic regions, empirical models of flashiness values outperformed the Mid‐Atlantic regional model, underscoring the value of local landscape characteristics in augmenting or modulating flashy watershed responses. Our findings suggest the potential for improvements to operational flash‐flood forecasting using hydrologic characteristics of the landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. 53BP1 as a potential predictor of response in PARP inhibitor-treated homologous recombination-deficient ovarian cancer

Author

Hurley, Rachel M., Wahner Hendrickson, Andrea E., Visscher, Daniel W., Ansell, Peter, Harrell, Maria I., Wagner, Jill M., Negron, Vivian, Goergen, Krista M., Maurer, Matthew J., Oberg, Ann L., Meng, X. Wei, Flatten, Karen S., De Jonge, Maja J.A., Van Herpen, Carla D., Gietema, Jourik A., Koornstra, Rutger H.T., Jager, Agnes, den Hollander, Martha W., Dudley, Matthew, Shepherd, Stacie P., Swisher, Elizabeth M., and Kaufmann, Scott H.

Published
2019
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33. In vivo anti-tumor activity of the PARP inhibitor niraparib in homologous recombination deficient and proficient ovarian carcinoma

Author

AlHilli, Mariam M., Becker, Marc A., Weroha, S. John, Flatten, Karen S., Hurley, Rachel M., Harrell, Maria I., Oberg, Ann L., Maurer, Matt J., Hawthorne, Kieran M., Hou, Xiaonan, Harrington, Sean C., McKinstry, Sarah, Meng, X. Wei, Wilcoxen, Keith M., Kalli, Kimberly R., Swisher, Elizabeth M., Kaufmann, Scott H., and Haluska, Paul

Published
2016
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36. A Phase 1 and Pharmacodynamic Study of Chronically-Dosed, Single-Agent Veliparib (ABT-888) in Patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-Mutated Cancer; Platinum-Refractory Ovarian or Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Author

Manzo, Julia, Puhalla, Shannon, Pahuja, Shalu, Ding, Fei, Lin, Yan, Appleman, Leonard, Tawbi, Hussein, Stoller, Ronald, Lee, James J, Diergaarde, Brenda, Kiesel, Brian F., Yu, Jing, Tan, Antoinette R., Belani, Chandra P., Chew, Helen, Garcia, Agustin A., Morgan, Robert J., Hendrickson, Andrea E. Wahner, Visscher, Daniel W., Hurley, Rachel M., Kaufmann, Scott H., Swisher, Elizabeth M., Oesterreich, Steffi, Katz, Tiffany, Ji, Jiuping, Zhang, Yiping, Parchment, Ralph E., Chen, Alice, Duan, Wenrui, Giranda, Vincent, Shepherd, Stacie Peacock, Ivy, S. Percy, Chu, Edward, and Beumer, Jan H.

Subjects
BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, BRCA1 Protein, Nausea, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Article, Seizures, Lymphopenia, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Humans, Benzimidazoles, Female, Platinum
Abstract

PURPOSE: BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutated cancers (BRCAmut) have intrinsic sensitivity to PARP inhibitors due to deficiency in homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. There are similarities between BRCAmut and BRCAwt ovarian and basal-like breast cancers. This phase I study determined the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) and preliminary efficacy of the PARP inhibitor, veliparib (ABT-888), in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (n=98) were dosed with veliparib 50–500 mg twice daily (BID). The BRCAmut cohort (n=70) contained predominantly ovarian (53%) and breast (23%) cancers; the BRCAwt cohort (n=28) consisted primarily of breast cancer (86%). The MTD, DLT, adverse events, PK, PD, and clinical response were assessed. RESULTS: DLTs were grade 3 nausea/vomiting at 400 mg BID in a BRCAmut carrier, grade 2 seizure at 400 mg BID in a patient with BRCAwt cancer, and grade 2 seizure at 500 mg BID in a BRCAmut carrier. Common toxicities included nausea (65%), fatigue (45%), and lymphopenia (38%). Grade 3/4 toxicities were rare (highest lymphopenia at 15%). Overall response rate (ORR) was 23% (95% CI 13%−35%) in BRCAmut overall, and 37% (95% CI 21%−55%) at 400 mg BID and above. In BRCAwt, ORR was 8% (95% CI 1%−26%), and clinical benefit rate was 16% (95% CI 4%−36%), reflecting prolonged stable disease in some patients. PK was linear with dose and was correlated with response and nausea. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous veliparib is safe and tolerable. The RP2D was 400 mg BID. There is evidence of clinical activity of veliparib in patients with BRCAmut and BRCAwt cancers.

Published
2022

37. Development of a Norwegian monitoring program for Macroplastic and Litter

Author

Falk-Andersson, Jannike, Lusher, Amy Lorraine, Haarr, Marthe Larsen, Rognerud, Idun, Hurley, Rachel, Hjelset, Sverre, and Trubbach, Saskia

Subjects
Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP], Mathematics and natural scienses: 400 [VDP], Monitoring, Makroplast og søppel, Norway, Overvåking, Macroplastic and litter, Recommendation, Norge, Anbefalinger
Abstract

Prosjektleder Jannike Falk-Andersson The Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA) aims to strengthen environmental monitoring of macroplastic and litter pollution in Norway. Macroplastic and litter are items above 25 mm. Monitoring of litter in the Northern Fulmar is included (1-25 mm) as this is an established indicator representing biota. The other environmental compartments covered in this report are coastal waters, oceans, lakes, rivers, and terrestrial environments. This report identifies international obligations and national needs for knowledge on litter, reviews international harmonisation efforts for monitoring of litter and evaluates their technological readiness levels for implementation in monitoring programs. Data availability, on-going monitoring activities and initiatives that could contribute to collecting data on litter in Norway is mapped, and the cost of expanding existing monitoring is evaluated. Based on this mapping recommendations are given on how monitoring of macroplastic and litter could be strengthened in the future in Norway. Norwegian Environment Agency

Published
2022

40. Plastic pollution in Indonesia and the Philippines: current status and upcoming knowledge needs

Author

Braaten, Hans Fredrik Veiteberg, Karlsson, Marianne, Nordbø, Anne Josephine, Hurley, Rachel, O'Neill, Caroline, Arisman, ., Jaya, Ratnawati Kusuma, Bell, Thomas E.M., Gonzalez, Aimee, Fürst, Kathinka, and Olsen, Marianne

Abstract

Project Manager/Main Author: Hans Fredrik Veiteberg Braaten Research on plastic leakage and marine debris has developed significantly the last few years, but our knowledge on the scope of the problem, environmental and societal effects, and potential solutions is still limited. Accurate data on plastic waste generation, leakage to rivers and waterways, and total flux to the marine environment is lacking. The ASEAN-Norwegian cooperation project on local capacity building for reducing plastic pollution in the ASEAN region (ASEANO) provides research and knowledge to develop regional reduction measures and actions necessary for a global decrease of plastic waste pollution. Here, a summary of waste management, frameworks and environmental awareness in Indonesia and the Philippines is presented, in addition to an overview of relevant industries for plastic waste. Finally, we point to key future knowledge needs for effects on plastic pollution reduction to be seen globally.

Published
2021

41. LITTER AND MICROPLASTICS MONITORING GUIDELINES ARCTIC MONITORING & ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME version 1.0 AMAP

Author

Farmen, Eivind, Provencher, Jenn, Aliani, Stefano, Baak, Julia, Bergmann, Melanie, Booth, Andy M., Bourdages, Madelaine P. T., Buhl-Mortensen, Lene, Feld, Louise, Gabrielsen, Geir Wing, Francois Galgani, Gerdts, Gunnar, Gomiero, Alessio, Granberg, Maria, Guls, Hermann Dreki, Hallanger, Ingeborg G., Halldor Palmar Halldorsson, Hamilton, Bonnie, Sjurdur Hammer, Herzke, Dorte, Huserbråten, Mats, Jantunen, Liisa, Kögel, Tanja, Liboiron, Max, Linnebjerg, Jannie Fries, Lusher, Amy, Magnusson, Kerstin, Mallory, Mark, Merkel, Flemming Ravn, Murphy, Peter, Orihel, Diane, Peeken, Ilka, Pijogge, Liz, Primpke, Sebastian, Rochman, Chelsea M., Strand, Jakob, Scholz-Böttcher, Barbara M., Vermaire, Jesse C., Vorkamp, Katrin, Larsen, Jan Rene, Hurley, Rachel, and Einar, Bjorn Grosvik

Published
2021
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44. Effects of Polyester Fibers and Car Tire Particles on Freshwater Invertebrates.

Author

Schell, Theresa, Martinez‐Perez, Sara, Dafouz, Raquel, Hurley, Rachel, Vighi, Marco, and Rico, Andreu

Subjects
FRESHWATER invertebrates, POLYESTER fibers, DAPHNIA magna, LUMBRICULUS variegatus, ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology, INGESTION, BALLAST water
Abstract

Microplastic ingestion has been shown for various organisms, but knowledge of the potential adverse effects on freshwater invertebrates remains limited. We assessed the ingestion capacity and the associated effects of polyester fibers (26–5761 µm) and car tire particles (25–75 µm) on freshwater invertebrates under acute and chronic exposure conditions. A range of microplastic concentrations was tested on Daphnia magna, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, and Lumbriculus variegatus using water only (up to 0.15 g/L) or spiked sediment (up to 2 g/kg dry wt), depending on the habitat of the species. Daphnia magna did not ingest any fibers, but low levels of fibers were ingested by all tested benthic invertebrate species. Car tire particle ingestion rose with increasing exposure concentration for all tested invertebrates and was highest in D. magna and L. variegatus. In most cases, no statistically significant effects on mobility, survival, or reproductive output were observed after acute and chronic exposure at the tested concentrations. However, fibers affected the reproduction and survival of D. magna (no‐observed‐effect concentration [NOEC]: 0.15 mg/L) due to entanglement and limited mobility under chronic conditions. Car tire particles affected the reproduction (NOEC: 1.5 mg/L) and survival (NOEC: 0.15 mg/L) of D. magna after chronic exposure at concentrations in the same order of magnitude as modeled river water concentrations, suggesting that refined exposure and effect studies should be performed with these microplastics. Our results confirm that microplastic ingestion by freshwater invertebrates depends on particle shape and size and that ingestion quantity depends on the exposure pathway and the feeding strategy of the test organism. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1555–1567. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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45. Characterization of a RAD51C-silenced high-grade serous ovarian cancer model during development of PARP inhibitor resistance.

Author

Hurley, Rachel M., McGehee, Cordelia D., Nesic, Ksenija, Correia, Cristina, Weiskittel, Taylor M., Kelly, Rebecca L., Venkatachalam, Annapoorna, Xiaonan Hou, Pathoulas, Nicholas M., Meng, X. Wei, Kondrashova, Olga, Radke, Marc R., Schneider, Paula A., Flatten, Karen S., Peterson, Kevin L., Becker, Marc A., Wong, Ee Ming, Southey, Melissa S., Dobrovic, Alexander, and Lin, Kevin K.

Published
2021
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48. Testing of methodology for measuring microplastics in blue mussels (Mytilus spp) and sediments, and recommendations for future monitoring of microplastics (R & D-project)

Author

Lusher, Amy, Bråte, Inger Lise Nerland, Hurley, Rachel, Iversen, Karine, Olsen, Marianne, and Olsen, Marianne - Project manager

Subjects
Forurensning, Contamination, Monitoring, Plast, Overvåkning, Menneskeskapt forsøpling, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP], Plastics, Anthropogenic debris
Abstract

Miljødirektoratet tasked NIVA to investigate methods used for the extraction of microplastics from environmental samples of blue mussels and marine sediment. Presented here are the results of methods tested, as well as NIVAs recommendations for future monitoring of microplastics in the Norwegian environment. Based on the current literature and this study, Mytilus spp. appears to be a promising bioindicator for the smallest sized microplastic (

Published
2017

49. Local wearable cooling may improve thermal comfort, emotion, and cognition.

Author

Belyamani, Mohamed A., Hurley, Rachel F., Djamasbi, Soussan, Somasse, Gbetonmasse B., Strauss, Sarah, Zhang, Hui, Smith, Matthew J., Van Dessel, Steven, and Liu, Shichao

Subjects
COGNITIVE testing, COGNITIVE ability, THERMAL comfort, EMOTIONAL state, EMOTIONS, SKIN temperature
Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a local wearable cooling solution in improving thermal comfort, emotional state, and cognitive performance. The study was conducted in an environmental room with air temperature of 31.5 ± 0.26 °C. Thirty participants performed six cognitive tasks while periodically assessing their thermal experience locally where the cooling (Embr wave) was applied and for the whole body, as well as emotional states. The same protocol was applied to another thirty participants as the control group without local cooling. We also measured mean skin temperature and local skin temperature beneath the cooling device during the whole session. The results showed a significant drop in thermal sensation right after the application of the local cooling. Based on the ASHRAE 7-point scale for the overall thermal sensation vote, the local sensation dropped from 0.8 to −0.4 and the whole-body thermal sensation from 1.34 to 0.87. Over the 60 min of local cooling application, the local thermal sensation dropped from 0.98 to 0.04 and the whole-body thermal sensation dropped from 1.37 to 1.12. Furthermore, the local cooling group showed a significant drop in negative emotions and an increase in positive emotions compared to the control group. For cognitive performance, local cooling groups showed to be more inclined for risk taking for more rewards compared to the control group. The performance of other cognitive tests showed no significant difference between the two groups, even though attention, working memory and creativity were enhanced slightly but insignificantly. [Display omitted] • Proposed a low-energy cooling strategy to improve thermal comfort, emotion, and cognition. • Significant drop in local and whole-body thermal sensation right after the cooling. • Positive emotions increased while negative emotions decreased. • Positive effect of local cooling on risky decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Mapping microplastics in sludge

Author

Lusher, Amy L., Hurley, Rachel, Vogelsang, Christian, Nizzetto, Luca, and Olsen, Marianne

Subjects
Soil improver, Microplastics, Avløpsvann, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP], Wastewater, Mikroplast, Avløpsslam, Sludge, Jordforbedring
Abstract

Project manager Marianne Olsen The main objective of this project was to characterize microplastics in sewage sludge from Norwegian domestic wastewater treatment plants applying different wastewater and sludge treatment technologies. WWTPs were selected to cover the threemain domestic WWTP categories in Norway and the main applied sludge treatment processes. Fenton’s reagent was used to remove organic matter and density separations were employed to extract microplastics from sludge samples. Plastics were found in all ten sludge samples investigated from eight WWTPs. The overall average plastic abundance was 6 077 particles kg-1 (d.w.) (1701 – 19 837) or 1 176 889 particles m-3 (470 270 – 3 394 274). Based on the average microplastic abundance and the present application of sewage sludge in Norway, it was estimated that over 500 billion microplastics are released into the environment via sewage sludge application each year, to agricultural soils, green areas and soil producers. This likely represents a significant source of microplastics to terrestrial and marine systems. Miljødirektoratet

Published
2017

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