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Today rapid urbanization is a major challenge for many cities. In 2007 urban population started to exceed the rural population. Increasingly, scholars and governments discuss the effects of this trend on future development of cities. It is obvious that any kind of urban development should be controlled and regulated, otherwise the outcome could lead to a chaotic and unsustainable development. Besides, it may result in environmental problems like air pollution, heat islands, urban climate and etc. Unfortunately, this kind of physical modification practically have not been considered by the planners and designers. The current study is grounded on recent literature review and tries to concentrate on this problem mainly from the development and construction performance perspective. Moreover, the current study attempts to classify the effective variables under the urban form, urban geometry, and urban population.

There is growing interest in innovative online problem-solving models like crowdsourcing to serve individuals, firms and the society as a whole. Crowdsourcing is the combination of efforts from various set of individuals who are either volunteering or working part-time for socioeconomic production, basically in the cyber world. This hybrid work model is already in use by businesses and entrepreneurs, some of the platforms includes Amazon mechanical Turk, 99designs, Hit RECORD and Design Crowd. Much has been parleyed and published, and this is primarily due to the efficient socioeconomic potentials crowdsourcing offers. The central questions relevant to the article subsumes, who crowdsource, why they crowdsource and what are the characteristics of activities they do. In order to explore new applications for the crowdsourcing model, there must be a better understanding in the context of who, why and what. This article discusses the three W’s and concluded with challenges facing crowdsourcing work model.

This article investigates the impact of eWOM on intention to revisit and destination trust, and the moderating role of gender in medical tourism industry. Result from structural equation modeling (n=240) suggests the following: (1) that eWOM influences intention to revisit and destination trust; (2) that destination trust influences intention to revisit; (3) that the impact of eWOM on intention to revisit is about 1.3 times higher in men; (4) that the impact of eWOM on destination trust is about 1.2 times higher in men; and (5) the impact of destination trust on the intention to revisit is about 2.3 times higher in women. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

The aim of this research is to present the possible problems and complications in designing and developing Elearning IT projects. The study is focused on how e-content design and delivery risks can be prevented by a more practical and beneficial communication between the target group and the design team and with the help of providing some basic knowledge of pedagogical terms and means that provide the IT project team with a better understanding of learning. Hence, this study includes the problems involved in the steps of defining strategies, objectives, planning and project management. This research designed as a qualitative study, total 12interviewees participated in this research. The data were collected by open-ended questions and interviews. The accumulated data were assessed by the descriptive analysis method. The participants' overall attitude towards the proposed methods was generally positive.

The study mainly focuses on the importance of information security and its integration with IT project management in form of a framework. The purpose to design this framework is to provide IT project managers a clear picture of security controls to be adopted in each phase of project management. The study is based on previous synthesis in this domain that supports the aim of this study. The designed framework is basically a combination of IT project management, system development life cycle and essential information security controls. This is a general proposal and need to be implemented practically in further researches to analyze its effectiveness.

The combination of information technology and tourism in Ghana has become important because the country wants to attract a large number of local and international tourists to travel to the destination. Ghana is aspiring to become a new destination market to tourism in West Africa because of her tourism products. This study focuses on the use of information technology to promote and strategize to entice potential tourists to visit Ghana as a tourism destination market. Ghana has natural beauty, rich historical sites and cultural heritage. Above all the country is stable in terms of peace. People in Ghana are very friendly and tourists can enjoy both natural beauty and cultural sites . The main selling points include the golden beaches, the castles of the coast, the forests, the game reserves, rivers and lakes that includes cultural events. Most international tourists that visit Ghana come from Europe, most especially in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, the United States of America and Spain. The Use of the information technology to intensify promotions in this environment is of paramount importance to the destination marketing. The local tourists who come from various countries in Africa can also be targeted using a similar strategy. Quantitative research method is used to examine the understanding of tourists’ behaviour and expectations related to online travel websites as destination marketing. Ghana may not be a popular destination among tourists as Kenya and South Africa but the destination is growing gradually in reputation. Ghana profile as a country has been enhanced considerably in recent years and it is viewed as a destination that is safe, friendly and varied which makes it an ideal place for first time tourists to the African continent. Based on these attributes of the country information technology can be used to attract more adventurous tourists. The (WTTC, 2016) predicts that by 2024 the tourism sector in Ghana will increase in growth yearly by 4.5% which is in line with the economic growth of the country. It was also predicted by the (WTTC, 2016) that Ghana is likely to increase growth and boost the GDP by 3%. However, with more promotions and the use of information tools as a strategy more tourists can be entice to holiday in Ghana. Local tourism is also known as domestic tourism, internal tourism or national tourism. This type of tourism involves tourists from one location to another within the nation. Many countries encourage local tourism because it strengthens the economy of the country through tourism income multiplier. Ghana encourages the local people to take at least one domestic vacation during the year. There are many beautiful attractions and resorts attract Ghanaians to travel domestically. Turkish Air Lines The conference object is abstract itself.

Tourism education is introduced as a formal program of study which enhances the economic contribution of the tourism industry to both public and private sectors. The ICT is one of the success tools in tourism in the future and the way it enhances the destinations of tourist. The proposed research aims to represent the impacts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), as a pedagogical support tool, in tourism teaching, at Eastern Mediterranean University, School of Tourism and Hospitality Management (THM). Nevertheless, ICT is still considered as a limited tool to be integrated as an instructional tool. Based on the recent research, very limited academic research has been carried out on tourism subject at universities particularly in Northern Cyprus. The aim of this study is to find the perceptions of students regarding to use technology in tourism education. The research is designed as a quantitative study. The undergraduate students are participating in this research along with tourism instructors. Data is accumulated with close-ended questions during this study. According to the result the learners’ perceptions about using ICT in tourism education was quite positive. Majority of students approved that using ICT and computing devices could enhance their learning positively. Turkish Airlines is the official airline of AHTMM.

The study will first briefly present information on energy and its importance. Later on the energy policies of Northern Cyprus will be examined in detail. Furthermore, the attitudes and thoughts on the energy policies of Northern Cyprus of the people living in areas where the majority of energy production is conducted will be evaluated through the use of the attitude scale. This study has been designed as a quantitative research. The attitude scale has been used as a data collection instrument in the study. This study demonstrates that the energy policies in Northern Cyprus lacks energy planning and are very weak in terms of environmental security. In short, the energy policies in Northern Cyprus negatively affect the environment and risk human health. When taking into consideration the conditions of the country, the need to develop and enlarge the use of renewable energy usage in the country is important in terms of both the economy and ecology.

Nowadays, mobile learning is anticipated as an important instructional device that provides students with the opportunity of being involved in learning and teaching environments whenever and wherever they want. Thus, mobile learning will turn into being one of the most significant environments of distance instruction. The purpose of this study is to analyze perceptions of EMU undergraduate IT students for mobile learning, particularly in terms of effectiveness and expectations. Furthermore, negative and positive perceptions of the students on how mobile learning is being used and whether it enhances learning are assessed through questionnaires. This study is designed as quantitative research. For this purpose close-ended questions are conducted as a data collection method.

Favoritism/nepotism are common practice at most organizations. This study attempts to provide an insight by measuring the impact of favoritism/nepotism on emotional exhaustion and education sabotage. Data was collected from teaching/research assistants at six universities in North Cyprus. The interplay among the study variables was observed via SEMs. Implications and consequences of organizational politics like favoritism/nepotism and work-related strain like emotional exhaustion are discussed.

A Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes connected to form a temporary wireless network without using any communication infrastructure. Due to limited network resources and in order to exchange data packets within the network, wireless multiple hops route scheme adopted for mobile node’s connection. Researchers, with the increasing importance of applications in nonmilitary areas proposed several routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. This work investigates and compares the performance of MANET routing protocols, namely AODV, DSR and DSDV under different traffic loads with different maximum TCP congestion window size. The Metrics used to compare routing protocol performance are addressed as a packet delivery ratio, the average end-to-end delay, average routing load, and average network throughput. The file in this item is the publisher version (published version) of the article.

The file in this item is the publisher version (published version) of the article.

The “Cloud” what an awesome new word in technology! It emerges as a successive technological application that is suitably deployed without the requirement of traditional installment of comprehensive and extended architectures. This study explains how Cloud Computing affects societies in term of data privacy, data security and technicians trends. The introduction cautiously elaborate on Cloud Computing and some of its conceptual characteristics it tenders, while the rest of the paper explored on the impact of Cloud Computing in societies and its significance that will create intuitiveness for societies whether Cloud Computing can be fully adopted. 3rd World Conference on Information Technology (WCIT-2012)

This research would try to give an overview of the IT projects in Northern Cyprus. The study covers IT project management aspect based on a survey from main cities in Northern Cyprus. In addition to the survey, authors managed an IT project during the research period to add self-experiences to this research. As discussion, this paper combines understanding of the relevant theory and literature review of IT project management with the results of the survey. This research aims to investigate IT difficulties in Northern Cyprus and share these issues with recommendations with investors, IT project managers, students and government. It can decline failure of IT projects by bolding important implications and historical data of previous projects, not only in Northern Cyprus but worldwide. 3rd World Conference on Information Technology (WCIT-2012)

Crude oil has become a prominent indicator for economic activities worldwide, due to its outstanding importance in the supply of the world's energy demands. Many economists believe that there is a strong relationship between the growth rate of a country and oil- prices. As such we attempt to investigate the determinants of aggregate energy demand in two economies based on both real energy price and real gross domestic product (RGDP). The data used in this study covers that of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) member countries. Intense findings of this empirical study are that in long-run oil-prices and Real GDP have significant impacts on energy demand for the OECD's. While for the OPEC region a moderate impact was found. The short-run result for both OPEC and OECD corresponds to what Keynesian vein assumes "prices are rigid in a short-run". The file in this item is the publisher version (published version) of the article.

The file in this item is the publisher version (published version) of the article.

It has been observed that, Information Technology (IT) Professionals educated with the conventional approach do not fully satisfy expectations of the industry since they lack the ability to develop solutions to real-life problems immediately after graduation. This is because most of the conventional education techniques view learning as remembering facts, terms and definitions in order to answer questions rather than concentrating on problem solving, system design and implementation concepts. With the choice of suitable problems, educational institutions should encourage Project Based Learning (PBL) through analyzing, design and implementation rather than simply defining and explaining. This paper introduces a PBL framework and curriculum for educating IT professionals who specialize in information system design and software development for small and medium size businesses. The proposed framework integrates industrial training and graduation project work in a PBL environment to groom the IT students to industry before graduation.