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The rapid evolution of technology, particularly the ubiquitous presence of the internet, has brought about significant societal changes. While technological advancements have brought numerous benefits, they have also introduced new challenges and risks. Among these challenges is the alarming rise of child grooming, a form of sexual harassment perpetrated against minors, facilitated by the online environment. In Indonesia, the incidence of child grooming is increasingly prevalent, with several reported cases highlighting its emergence as a pressing societal issue. However, the absence of specific legal frameworks addressing this crime has posed significant challenges for law enforcement authorities tasked with its prevention and prosecution. The lack of dedicated legislation targeting child grooming underscores the need for a comprehensive legal response to effectively combat this form of exploitation. Currently, law enforcement officials rely on discretion in the absence of specific legal provisions, resulting in ad-hoc approaches to addressing these cases. This paper employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing The Statute Approach, to examine the legal landscape surrounding child grooming in Indonesia. By synthesizing existing literature and statutory regulations, this study aims to shed light on the legal complexities inherent in combating this emerging crime. In conclusion, while child grooming remains a relatively new phenomenon in Indonesia, its detrimental impact on minors necessitates urgent legislative action. By enacting dedicated laws and policies, the Indonesian government can provide law enforcement agencies with the necessary tools to effectively address and mitigate the prevalence of child grooming, ensuring the protection and well-being of the nation's youth.

This study delves into the persistent challenges of corruption in Indonesia despite extensive anti-corruption initiatives. By examining the multifaceted modus operandi across various institutions, we uncover the menacing threat corruption poses to the stability of the nation. The analysis explores structural, cultural, instrumental, and management barriers hindering anti-corruption measures, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive reforms. Drawing insights from Law Number 31 of 1999, which classifies corruption actions, including bribery and conflicts of interest, this research underscores the gravity of corruption's impact on state finances, politics, and the economy. To effectively combat this menace, we propose a strategic approach, including the redesign of public services, enhanced transparency, oversight, and sanctions, and the empowerment of mechanisms supporting corruption prevention. In light of these findings, the study advocates for an integrated law enforcement strategy, international cooperation, and harmonized regulations to strengthen Indonesia's resolve in anti-corruption efforts. The proposed reforms aim not only to curb corruption but also to fortify the stability of the nation, reflecting a crucial step towards a more transparent and accountable governance system.

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan komorbid utama pada pasien COVID-19. Pasien dengan komorbid hipertensi memiliki faktor risiko kematian lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa hipertensi. Pasien COVID-19 dengan hipertensi cenderung memiliki viral load yang lebih tinggi, dengan demikian akan didapatkan hasil nilai CT yang rendah dari pemeriksaan RT-PCR. Objektif: Mengetahui hubungan nilai CT dengan derajat penyakit COVID-19 dan luaran klinis pada pasien dewasa dengan komorbid hipertensi yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19 di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2021. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik cross-sectional study dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medik pada bulan Mei 2022-Juni 2022. Sampel mencakup semua pasien dewasa dengan komorbid hipertensi yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil: Terdapat 153 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dalam penelitian ini. Sebagian besar pasien berusia ≥60 tahun (60,8%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (58,8%), menderita hipertensi derajat 2 (52,9%), memiliki riwayat hipertensi >5 tahun (62,7%), terkonfirmasi COVID-19 derajat berat-kritis (54,2%), dengan luaran klinis pasien meninggal (54,2%). Hasil analisis didapatkan masing-masing p=0,001 untuk hubungan nilai CT dengan derajat penyakit COVID-19 dan luaran klinis. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara nilai CT dengan derajat penyakit COVID-19 dan luaran klinis pada pasien dewasa dengan komorbid hipertensi yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19. Kata kunci: COVID-19, hipertensi, cycle threshold (CT).

Older adults are a group vulnerable to health problems, and cases continue to increase. One of the reasons is living in a nursing home. So far, efforts have been made to improve older adults’ care services for their Quality of Life (QoL). However, one thing that is forgotten is spiritual services for older adults. This research aims to find relevant aspects between care and spiritual services to improve the QoL for older adult people living in nursing homes. This was a cross-sectional study. The sample size was 131 older adult people living in nursing homes. Samples were taken through simple random sampling with the criteria of being able to communicate and having a good cognitive function. Care services were measured using the Services Assessment Scale (SVAS) questionnaire, spiritual services were measured using the Spiritual Assessment Scale (SAS) questionnaire, and QoL was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Older (WHOQOL-OLD) questionnaire. Data analysis used the gamma test. Respondents in this study were mostly women (55.5%), aged 60-74 years (62.6%), who had an elementary school graduation education (56.5%). Most respondents received low care services (74.0%), low spiritual services (84.0%), and most of them had low QoL (82.4%). The results showed a significant correlation between care services and QoL (p=0.000 and r=0.623), and between spiritual services and QoL (p=0.000 and r=0.755). Older adults in nursing homes need spiritual services and care services to improve their QoL.

Patients with diabetes often lack the necessary knowledge, leading to inadequate behavior in preventing wounds. To overcome the limitations of traditional learning methods, it is crucial to adopt the flipped classroom approach for effectively educating diabetic patients about wound prevention. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the environment, learning infrastructure, and the flipped classroom learning method among patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Employing a cross-sectional design, the study encompassed patients with DM aged 40-55 years from both genders. A total of 120 patients were selected through purposive sampling techniques. The variables investigated included education factors and the flipped classroom method, which were assessed using a modified questionnaire developed by the researchers and validated for reliability. Data analysis was conducted utilizing Spearman rank analysis. Concerning education factors, 80% of the participants reported having a supportive environment, while 82.5% indicated having access to good learning infrastructure. Regarding the flipped classroom method, 35.8% of the respondents stated that its application in educating patients with DM in the community was effective. There was a statistically significant relationship between the environment and infrastructure and the flipped classroom approach in patients with DM (p-value

HIV is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management, and sleep disturbances are common among individuals living with the virus. By examining the relationship between the duration of illness and sleep quality, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the unique challenges faced by HIV patients and develop targeted interventions to address their specific sleep-related needs. This study aims to find out the relationship between the illness duration and the quality of sleep among people living with HIV/AIDS. This research used an observational research design using a cross-sectional approach. 128 HIV patients on Balai Kesehatan Masyarakat Wilayah Semarang were involved in using purposive sampling techniques. The data was gathered with medical records and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the data. This study has been declared ethically appropriate by the Health Research Ethics Committee faculty of Nursing Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. The results found a relationship between the illness duration and quality of sleep where a p-value of 0.019 < α (0.05) with a contingency coefficient value of 0.208. The length of diagnosis and sleep quality have a strong correlation. Nurses and other healthcare providers need to provide interventions for PLHIV to improve sleep quality.

Jaja sengait adalah jajan yang berbahan baku ubi jalar dan diolah menggunakan gula merah. Pekerja memotong ubi jalar menggunakan mesin dengan bantuan tenaga otot dengan posisi kerja statis ± 2 jam serta waktu kerja yang cukup lama ± 8 jam dengan melakukan proses produksi yaitu mencetak jajan dalam keadaan panas. Kondisi tersebut tanpa disadari dapat membentuk budaya kerja yang kurang sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan dan membuktikan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Ergo-entrepreneurship dapat mengurangi kelelahan serta meningkatkan motivasi kerja dan produktivitas. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental semu (quasi experimental) dengan model rancangan sama subjek (treatment by subject design) serta pola pre and posttest group design, penilaian dilakukan dengan dilakukan penilaian berupa: (a) kuesioner 30 Items of Rating Scale untuk mengetahui indikator kelelahan; (b) kuesioner motivasi kerja digunakan untuk mendata indikator motivasi kerja; serta (c) produk jaja sengait yang dihasilkan selama bekerja dibagi dengan denyut nadi dan dikalikan dengan waktu kerja. Pendataan dilakukan pada periode I dan II yaitu sebelum dan sesudah kerja dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 15 sampel. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji t-paired pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Ergo-entrepreneurship mengurangi kelelahan sebesar 24,62%, meningkatkan motivasi kerja sebesar 63,23%, dan meningkatkan produktivitas sebesar 61,58%. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Ergo-entrepreneurship dapat mengurangi kelelahan dan meningkatkan motivasi kerja serta produktivitas pembuat jaja sengait.

Peer group support plays a crucial role in enhancing diabetic foot care. However, diabetic patients often exhibit suboptimal foot care behavior due to a lack of support. This study aimed to explore the correlation between peer group support and foot care practices in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Employing a cross-sectional design, the research focused on diabetes mellitus patients aged 40-55 years, and those with less than five years of diabetes history. A purposive sampling technique was utilized to select 64 participants. The research variables encompassed demographic factors, peer group dynamics, and diabetic foot care behavior. These were assessed through a modified questionnaire, verified for validity and reliability. Data analysis involved descriptive analysis and chi-square analysis. The findings revealed a prevalence of 79.7% for inadequate peer group support and 20.3% for robust support. In terms of diabetic foot care behavior, 56.3% exhibited poor practices, while only 17.2% demonstrated good foot care behavior. All variables displayed significance concerning the dependent variable, with a p-value < 0.003. This underscores the positive impact of peer group support on improving foot care behavior in diabetes mellitus patients. This study highlights the need for further research to delve into the effects of educational interventions and family involvement in enhancing diabetic foot care behavior.

This paper critically examines stolen assets recovery in Indonesia, employing Gustav Radbruch's legal philosophy, which asserts that justice is the purpose of law and any rule failing to promote justice is invalid, along with Lawrence Friedman’s sociological theory. The aim is to illuminate Indonesia's challenges and opportunities in recovering ill-gotten assets, an issue intertwined with corruption, transnational crime, and international cooperation. Radbruch’s formula serves as the moral and ethical basis for evaluating asset recovery. It prioritizes justice in legal systems, insisting that just laws are the only legitimate ones. This paper applies Radbruch’s formula to assess Indonesia's legal frameworks and processes for asset recovery, emphasizing principles like fairness, equity, and legitimacy within this context. Furthermore, this study incorporates Friedman’s sociological theory, which examines how law evolves in response to social norms and values. It explores how sociocultural factors in Indonesia influence the development of legal mechanisms, public attitudes, and enforcement strategies regarding asset recovery. These perspectives offer valuable insights into Indonesia’s asset recovery challenges. They underscore the need for a holistic approach that integrates ethics, law, and sociology to enhance fairness and effectiveness. International collaboration is also emphasized due to the transnational nature of illicit financial flows. This paper contributes to a nuanced examination of Indonesia’s stolen assets recovery. By bridging legal philosophy and sociological theory, it provides a comprehensive framework for policymakers, legal professionals, and scholars engaged in pursuing justice and asset recovery in Indonesia and beyond.

Patients with cardiovascular disease often experience anxiety and discomfort, which can negatively affect their outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of murottal auditory therapy on anxiety and comfort levels in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease. This quasi-experimental study included 45 patients in both the intervention and control groups, selected through purposive sampling. Participants met criteria such as consciousness, effective communication skills, Muslim faith, and no hearing impairments. Anxiety was assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, while comfort was evaluated with the General Comfort Questionnaire. The Mc Nemar test was employed to determine the effect of the intervention. The findings indicate that a substantial number of patients in the intervention group reported mild anxiety (91.1%) and increased comfort (95.6%) following murottal therapy. Significant differences in anxiety and comfort levels were observed between the control and intervention groups, with p-values of 0.004 and 0.000, respectively. In conclusion, murottal auditory therapy, specifically Surah Ar-Rahman, effectively reduces anxiety and enhances comfort among patients with cardiovascular disease. These results underscore the potential of murottal auditory therapy as a complementary approach to expedite patients' recovery during treatment.

Abstrak Penelitian ini terfokus pada analisis pendidikan multikultural dalam cerpen “Seribu Kunang-kunang di Manhattan” karya Umar Kayam. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan multikulturalisme dan sosiologi sastra ini menghasilkan penemuan adanya nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural dalam cerpen yang digambarkan melalui dua tokoh utama, yakni Marno dan Jane. Pendidikan multikulturalisme dalam cerpen digambarkan melalui perbedaan negara asal tokoh utama, pertemuan antara budaya Amerika dan Jawa, perbedaan karakter orang Jawa dan Amerika. Perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut tidak menghalangi para tokoh dalam cerpen untuk tetap hidup berdampingan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa cerpen “Seribu Kunang-kunang di Manhattan” memuat pendidikan multikultural di dalamnya. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan pentingnya pendidikan multikultural dalam cerpen, yakni sebagai pesan agar para pembaca saling menghargai perbedaan pendapat, pandangan, dan budaya satu sama lain dalam hidup bermasyarakat, serta pesan agar pembaca tidak lupa dengan tanah air meskipun sedang berada dalam perantauan.

The specific purpose of this research is to find an appropriate model to use as the basis for considering a policy in dealing with violence against children perpetrated by families. The research method used is a qualitative method with a criminological research approach. The results of the study show that the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected people in carrying out their daily activities. In addition, it also has an impact on the community starting from health, economic, and social impacts. One of the impacts is the emergence of new problems regarding the occurrence of domestic violence. The data shows that throughout the COVID-19 pandemic there was an increase in the number of Domestic Violence. The causes of domestic violence include being quarantined at home independently, which makes victims of domestic violence trapped together with perpetrators of domestic violence. Besides that, it also triggers stress because with this pandemic the family economy is reduced which in turn can trigger the emergence of family disputes that lead to violence. The conclusion in this study is that controlling the increase in the number of domestic violence is not only the duty or responsibility of the government but all levels of society.

This research aims to determine the effect of the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) against Return on Asset (RoA) in State-Owned Banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2014-2021 period. The sample of this research is determined by saturation sampling method, so the obtained sample of 4 banks, there are PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Tabungan Negara Tbk, and PT Bank Mandiri Tbk. The research method is used the causal associative with a quantitative approach. The analysis techniques used in this research are classical assumption test (normality test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation test) simple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis test using the software SPSS 22. The result of the research using the t-test showed that Capital Adequacy Ratio has a significant effect on Return on Asset. So, the bank's chances of making a profit will be higher if the capital is managed properly. Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio; Return on Asset; SOE Banks; Finance; Management Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada bank BUMN yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2014-2021. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bank BUMN, yaitu PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Tabungan Negara Tbk, and PT Bank Mandiri Tbk. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode asosiatif kausal dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji asumsi klasik (uji normalitas, uji heterokedastisitas, dan uji autokorelasi), analisis regresi linear sederhana, dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan software SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian dengan pengujian uji t menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Capital Adequacy Ratio berpengaruh terhadap Return On Asset. Jadi, kemampuan bank untuk menghasilkan keuntungan akan lebih tinggi jika modal yang dimiliki dikelola dengan baik. Kata Kunci: Capital Adequacy Ratio; Return on Asset; Bank BUMN; Keuangan; Manajemen

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the 21st century, the use of games becomes a trend within adults and youngsters and has recently obtained a massive notice of academics, educators, and practitioners. Gamification is a term used in learning with games that can be used to improve English since it reflects an innovative and captivating learning activity. Several studies on gamification show that it can make students feel more excited and motivated during their effort to elevate their English language skills. In this research, one medium of gamification called Duolingo was explored in grammar learning activities for the second-year students in the subject of “Grammar for Written Discourse”. They used Duolingo from their smartphones to support their grammar learning. This research employed an action research design in which observations, questionnaires, and documentation were used to collect the data. By the end of the result, it can be concluded that Duolingo is a medium that can be effectively used to implement gamification in language learning. It is also confirmed that students gave positive attitudes and results in the implementation of Duolingo in grammar lesson. The results of the research can be used as a reference in facilitating the students with innovative and captivating English learning. HIGHLIGHTS: • Duolingo provides some language skills that students can improve: grammar, writing, translating, listening, and pronunciation. • However, all respondents assumed that the application was more suitable for grammar since Duolingo gives the right answers and repetitions for the wrong answers. • Duolingo understands Indonesian words and automatically correct the wrong words.

HIV is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management, and sleep disturbances are common among individuals living with the virus. By examining the relationship between the duration of illness and sleep quality, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the unique challenges faced by HIV patients and develop targeted interventions to address their specific sleep-related needs. This study aims to find out the relationship between the illness duration and the quality of sleep among people living with HIV/AIDS. This research used an observational research design using a cross-sectional approach. 128 HIV patients on Balai Kesehatan Masyarakat Wilayah Semarang were involved in using purposive sampling techniques. The data was gathered with medical records and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the data. This study has been declared ethically appropriate by the Health Research Ethics Committee faculty of Nursing Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. The results found a relationship between the illness duration and quality of sleep where a p-value of 0.019 < α (0.05) with a contingency coefficient value of 0.208. The length of diagnosis and sleep quality have a strong correlation. Nurses and other healthcare providers need to provide interventions for PLHIV to improve sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older adults are a group vulnerable to health problems, and cases continue to increase. One of the reasons is living in a nursing home. So far, efforts have been made to improve older adults' care services for their Quality of Life (QoL). However, one thing that is forgotten is spiritual services for older adults. This research aims to find relevant aspects between care and spiritual services to improve the QoL for older adult people living in nursing homes. This was a cross-sectional study. The sample size was 131 older adult people living in nursing homes. Samples were taken through simple random sampling with the criteria of being able to communicate and having a good cognitive function. Care services were measured using the Services Assessment Scale (SVAS) questionnaire, spiritual services were measured using the Spiritual Assessment Scale (SAS) questionnaire, and QoL was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Older (WHOQOL-OLD) questionnaire. Data analysis used the gamma test. Respondents in this study were mostly women (55.5%), aged 60-74 years (62.6%), who had an elementary school graduation education (56.5%). Most respondents received low care services (74.0%), low spiritual services (84.0%), and most of them had low QoL (82.4%). The results showed a significant correlation between care services and QoL (p=0.000 and r=0.623), and between spiritual services and QoL (p=0.000 and r=0.755). Older adults in nursing homes need spiritual services and care services to improve their QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of jaja gipang to packaging is done manually. Jaja gipang employee do monotonous work for a long time approximately four hours of work and are accompanied by heat exposure of approximately 29.10C. Providing active rest and snacks in a participatory manner is very much needed. This study aims to prove and apply active resting and snacking to reduce fatigue and increase work motivation and productivity of jaja gipang employees in Sading village. This research is quasi-experimental using treatment by subject design and pre and posttest group design patterns, carried out an assessment in the form of: (a) giving active breaks and snacks to reduce fatigue jaja gipang employees measured using a 30 Items questionnaire of Rating Scale; (b) the provision of active breaks and snacks increases the work motivation of jaja gipang employees recorded with work motivation questionnaires; (c) giving active breaks and snacks increases the productivity recorded based on the output (the product produced) divided by the input (pulse) multiplied by time. Data collection was carried out before and after work in Period I and Period II of 13 samples for 10 (ten) days. The data obtained were analyzed by t-paired test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that giving snacks and active breaks reduced fatigue by 27.27%, increased work motivation by 28.20%, and increased the productivity of jaja gipang employee by 23.31%. The conclusion is the provision of active breaks and snacks can reduce fatigue and increase work motivation and productivity of jaja gipang employee.

General fatigue complaints and musculoskeletal disorders are two of the most common symptoms experienced by dialysis nurses, as the products of the poor ergonomic working poses. Ergonomic intervention and stretching in the workplace are needed to reduce the symptoms. Unnatural pose has a potential to develop general fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in hemodialysis room where each nurse in every shift is in charge to take care of four patients. The study aims to investigate the improvement of poses of work ergonomically by using ergonomic workplace stretching to reduce complaints in musculoskeletal and general fatigue which in turn can expectedly improve work productivity in hemodialysis room. This study is an experimental study with treatment by subject design. The study was conducted in hemodialysis unit in Wangaya Regional Public Hospital (WRPH) Denpasar from October until December 2019 with 11 people as the participants. As the result, there is no significant difference in the average of musculoskeletal complaints before working with p=0.350 (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the average of musculoskeletal complaints of nurse after working shows a significant difference that is p=0.001 (p0.05). In the other side, there is a significant difference in score after working with p=0.001 (p

High-yielding varieties are used as one of the technologies to increase rice productivity in Indonesia. Varieties, however, invite the arrival of arthropod during their growing phase. One of the method to manage arthropods during the growing stage is the use of high-yielding varieties. In this trial, IR-64, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, Mekongga and Mixed Varieties were used. The mixed variety is a combination of IR-64, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit and Mekongga. These rice varieties are the most common varieties used by farmers in Bantul Regency. To collect arthropods, the traps used were sweep net, yellow sticky and pitfall traps. The purpose of this study was to determine arthropod’s diversity, evenness and dominance in different rice plant varieties in one planting season. The study was conducted in the village of Wijirejo, Pandak, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The observations were conducted in the evening between 16.00–18.00 p.m., with the interval of twice a week for 5 observations. Arthropods were identified up to the family level. This research resulted in the diversity index (Shannon-Winner) of 1.97–2.82 which is categorized as medium, the evenness index of 0.61–0.71, categorized as medium and the dominance index of 0.10–0.22, categorized as lower level. The ecosystem of the research area was unstable in diversity, evenness, and dominance due to the transition process, and it took quite some times to stabilize the rice fields. Therefore, a more thorough research is still necessary, especially for the ricegrowing season to follow.

Learning Natural Sciences in the Kepanjen II Elementary School Jombang District in class IV on the material Effect of Style on the shape and direction of motion of objects, experiencing problems in the form of the difficulty of understanding the material by students. From the results of the evaluation of learning shows that only 55% of 30 students scored above the specified KKM of 75.0. Based on problems occur, the researchers planned improvement of learning 2 cycles.At the planning stage the analysis is done by KI and KD making indicators and learning objectives continued Developing learning implementation plans and Developing learning assessment instruments and making learning media namely Augmented reality applications. At the Implementation stage of learning has increased both the activities of teachers and student activities. Overall the increase in teacher activity increased from 70% to 80%. Medium student activity increased from 72% to 90%. Learning outcomes before using the media card Augmented Reality 55% completeness classic. Student learning outcomes in classical learning cycle completeness 63% and cycle II increased to 84%.

Pekerja pembuatan atap alang-alang bekerja dengan sikap kerja duduk di lantai dengan punggung sedikit membungkuk. Intervensi dengan pemberian kursi lantai sebagai alas saat kerja serta dilakukan penataan layout proses produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan work engagement dan produktivitas pekerja pembuatan atap alang-alang di Gianyar. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan randomized pre-posttest control group design melibatkan 16 sampel penelitian yang dipilih secara random. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua yaitu kelompok kontrol adalah pekerja yang bekerja seperti biasa dan kelompok perlakuan adalah pekerja yang bekerja dengan menggunakan kursi lantai dan penataan layout proses produksi. Work engagement didata menggunakan kuesioner UWES 17 dan produktivitas didata berdasarkan jumlah atap alang-alang yang dihasilkan. Analisis data menggunakan uji parametrik dengan nilai ?=0,05 untuk data yang berdistribusi normal dan uji non-parametrik untuk data yang tidak berdistribusi dengan normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada work engagement dan produktivitas (p

Law enforcement in Indonesia has its own complexities, as law reform which has its challenges. The first edition of the Journal of Law and Legal Reform presents ten articles relating to law enforcement and law reform in various sectors. In general, this edition tries to look at various facts that occur in the community, where in a number of legal cases considered unable to respond to rapid developments in the community.

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the criminal liability arrangements for the perpetrators of corruption in the form of concurrent acts, finding juridical reasons to the extent to which corruption in the form of concurrent acts can be justified. This research method uses a qualitative approach with normative juridical law design. Data collection techniques using library research Subjects library research law faculty of Semarang State University. Data analysis techniques: (1) presentation, (2) data reduction, and (3) collection and verification. The results of the study: (1) the form of criminal liability from the perpetrators of corruption in the form of a joint act is to follow the criminal procedure in the Criminal Code by dropping the absorption system which is made worse by the regulation contained in the Constitutional Court's decision in the results of the criminal chamber meeting of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Tangerang No 10 concerning the application of concursus teachings precisely in the parallel act of corruption. Conclusions of the study that the doctrine of concursus results of the criminal chamber meeting of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Tangerang has a legal basis that serves as a guideline or legal basis so that the action does not go outside the lines of statutory provisions in the implementation of decision making in imposing penalties for the perpetrators of acts corruption in the form of a parallel act.

As the technology progress and human civilization, crime which is happened not only involve a crime towards life and property, but also a crime towards morality that is increasing. As a social problem criminal act of sexual violence in nowadays has been done by adult or elderly, even from a father to his children, and most of the victim are women and children. Sexual violence is a violence which is happened because of sexuality issues. The subject of this journal is to know how the protection law for the young victim of sexual violence which is done by their parents. Discussion method which is used is Act Approach (The Statute Approach). Sexual violence usually is done toward their partner. This violence includes all of sexual violence types which are done by anyone to his sexual partner. Including sexual violence which is done by a husband to his wife, just because he wants to satisfy his biological lust. Criminal act of rape is worried, moreover when the victim are children which are still underage, because it will affect the developing of children’s psychology, inflict lifelong trauma, and the more pitiful is the children of sexual violence victim can be a prostitution worker. So that it ruins their future.

Pendahuluan: Performa seorang pelari dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya daya tahan kardiorespirasi. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) telah diusulkan sebagai strategi latihan yang menghemat waktu untuk meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi (VO2max). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan pengaruh HIIT rasio work-to-rest 2:1 dengan 1:1 dalam meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada pelari komunitas. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan berupa randomized pre and post test group design, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 22 orang usia 20-30 tahun. VO2max diukur dengan menggunakan 1,5 mile run test / tes lari 2,4 km. Hasil: . Hasil analisis uji t tidak berpasangan setelah intervensi pada kedua kelompok diperoleh nilai p = 0,579 (p > 0,05) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada intervensi HIIT rasio work-to-rest 2:1 dibandingkan dengan HIIT rasio work-to-rest 1:1 terhadap peningkatan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada pelari komunitas. Simpulan : HIIT 1:1 sama baiknya dengan 2:1 dalam meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi. Latihan HIIT dengan rasio work-to-rest 1:1 dan 2:1 dapat digunakan sebagai strategi latihan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi (VO2max).

Pendahuluan: Semua aktivitas motorik, membutuhkan koordinasi tangan-mata yang baik. Membantu mengoptimalkan koordinasi tangan-mata akan meningkatkan keterampilan kognitif dan motorik yang penting untuk proses belajar anak. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas bal-a-vis-x dan metode brain gym dalam meningkatkan koordinasi tangan-mata pada anak prasekolah. Metode: Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 24 anak prasekolah, laki – laki dan perempuan, usia 5-6 tahun. Dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, Kelompok I terdiri dari 12 orang dengan metode bal-a-vis-x dan Kelompok II terdiri dari 12 orang dengan metode brain gym. Latihan diberikan selama 6 minggu, 3 sesi per minggu. Menggunakan purdue pegboard test sebagai instrumen pengukuran dengan 4 nilai sub-test yang dievaluasi yaitu Dominant hand (DH), Non-dominant hand (NDH), Both hand (BH) dan Assembly (ASS). Hasil: Pada Kelompok I, terjadi peningkatan skor pada sub-test DH, NDH, BH dan ASS dengan nilai p = 0,001 (p < 0,05), yang berarti bal-a-vis-x efektif untuk meningkatkan koordinasi tangan dan mata pada anak prasekolah. Sedangkan pada Kelompok II, terjadi peningkatan skor pada sub-test DH, BH dan ASS dengan nilai p = 0,001 dan NDH dengan nilai p = 0,002 (p < 0,05), yang berarti brain gym efektif untuk meningkatkan koordinasi tangan dan mata pada anak prasekolah. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara Kelompok I dan Kelompok II setelah diberikan latihan yaitu pada sub-test DH nilai p = 0,035, NDH nilai p = 0,029, BH nilai p = 0,012 dan ASS nilai p = 0,044 (p < 0,05), yang berarti ada perbedaan efektivitas antara bal-a-vis x dan brain gym dalam meningkatkan kemampuan koordinasi tangan dan mata pada anak prasekolah. Simpulan: Bal-A-Vis X dan brain gym efektif untuk meningkatkan koordinasi tangan-mata pada anak usia prasekolah.

Penjahit merupakan salah satu aset penting untuk memenangkan persaingan industri teksil. Sikap kerja selama menjahit dan bekerja dalam jangka waktu yang lama akan memicu timbulnya keluhan muskuloskeletal seperti ketegangan otot dan rasa nyeri pada area punggung bawah. Keluhan ini akan berdampak pada penurunan kemampuan fungsional punggung bawah, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas. Hasil wawancara dan penilaian menggunakan Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA) didapatkan hasil sikap kerja penjahit berada di level 6 yang diintepretasikan sebagai posisi kerja penjahit perlu segera dirubah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pemberian static stretching exercise dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional punggung bawah pada penjahit. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan one group pre test post test design. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2018 dengan pengulangan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 15 orang. Pengukuran fungsional punggung bawah menggunakan modified-modified Schoober test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan Paired Sample t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang signifikan setelah pemberian static stretching exercise (p

Peran pekerja bangunan sangat penting dalam proses membangun atau merenovasi rumah. Saat pekerja bangunan mengangkat pasir menggunakan gerobak tangan, pekerja melakukan sikap membungkuk dengan beban angkat yang cukup tinggi sehingga gaya kompresi tulang belakang mencapai 7449 N yang termasuk dalam kategori bahaya karena melebihi batas maksimum yang rekomendasikan NIOSH. Sikap kerja tersebut juga memicu timbulnya keluhan muskuloskeletal terutama pada bagian tulang belakang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap kerja yang lebih ergonomis terhadap gaya kompresi tulang belakang, keluhan muskuloskeletal dan produktivitas kerja. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 8 orang dengan populasi seluruh pekerja bangunan di Denpasar. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2019 di salah satu rumah yang sedang dibangun di Kota Denpasar. Pengukuran variabel gaya kompresi menggunakan analisis biomekanika melalui hitung manual dan menggunakan software 3D SSPP serta keluhan muskuloskeletal menggunakan Nordic Body Map. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa sikap kerja yang lebih ergonomis pada pekerja bangunan di Denpasar dapat menurunkan gaya kompresi L5/S1 sebesar 67,25%, penurunan gaya kompresi L4/L5 sebesar 64,34%, penurunan keluhan muskuloskeletal sebesar 4,92% (p

The utilization of delivery at health facilities is a major intervention in reducing 16 to 33% of deaths. This study aimed to determine the model of utilization of delivery at health facilities in Indonesia in 2017 and its influential factors. This study used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey using a Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) approach. The population was mothers aged 15 – 49 years, spread across 34 provinces of Indonesia, and had 15,321 samples. The results showed that the Moran’s I value was positive (0.146) and significant at p-value = 0.007, indicating clustered regions with similar characteristics. The SDM modeling estimation results (R2 = 91.61%) presented those dependent and independent variables that influenced the utilization of delivery at health facilities and its influential factors. The significant and most dominant direct factor that influenced the utilization of delivery at health facilities was pregnancy visits, while the most dominant indirect factor was socioeconomic status. Therefore, further policy planning is expected to be based on regional specificities, and effective intervention programs should be designed based on these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the reasons for the problems that trigger broader mass violence, both in the form of structural conditions in society as well as the factors that trigger crime and social dynamics that trigger mass violence. The main research method used is a qualitative approach to the type of research criminally. The results of the research show that at the end of this time the social integration ties that are owned by the community are not so strong that the provocateurs of violence in the community are able to ravage the solidarity that is intertwined within the community. The joints of democratic society which should function to normalize normal social-political interaction relations, in the end actually caused mass violence, such conditions create anomistic situations occur, members of society both individually and in groups are so easy to play their own way. Therefore, the legal institutions as a formal rule of the game and apply to everyone, are experiencing a crisis of authority. The fundamental reason why this happens is that there are often different legal decisions against each violator of the law. As a result, there is no certainty that the law is truly an objective norm that applies to all. People who have been relatively safe in the normalcy of their environment have turned into mutual suspicion. As a result of this, collective disappointment arises over legal institutions, so that losing motivation to obey the law people tend not to believe in the legal process, which results in acts of mass violence in the community.

The importance of anti-corruption education for communities in the area of Jabunganan Village in particular among teenagers, because they were the agents of change for nation building Indonesia in order to form a generation that has integrity. Attempts are made to college student real work relating to the State University of Semarang 2019 in instilling the value of anti-corruption through the PENETRASI method (Penanaman Sembilan Nilai Karakter Anti Korupsi) by holding discussion, dissemination, training and games. In these efforts, contains multiple values, including the anti-corruption character: 1) Honest, 2) Fair, 3) Hard-work, 4) Caring, 5) Simple, 6) Daring, 7) Liability, 8) Independent, 9) Disciplines. These efforts include: Anti Corruption Week (Antik), Rumah Sampah (Ramah), Ruang Inspirasi (Rapi), dan Anti Suap (Asiap), Bank Sampah (Basah), Pelatihan Neraca Laba Rugi bagi UMKM, Lomba Pidato Tema Anti Korupsi (Ladang Tikus), Pelatihan Pembuatan Briket dari Sampah Organik, Psikodrama, Mitigasi Bencana, Infografis Anti Korupsi, Permainan Ular Tangga dan Festival Anak Sholeh.

The workers who work at incense shaping department using a chair without backrest. The container is placed below cause the worker to take it with a bent position. The table to put incense is too short, so that when held incense on the incense pads the position of workers tends to bend. These conditions cause the musculoskeletal complaints, fatigue, and increase the workload. The purpose of the study was to analyze an improved working conditions and combination of static stretching and McKenzie exercise to improve physiological response in the form of decreased musculoskeletal complaints, fatigue, and increase worker productivity. Research has been done on 10 workers working in the incense shaping department. The study was conducted in March 2018 - April 2018 held at UD. Manik Galih Tabanan. Physiology response was assessed using Nordic Body Map questionnaire 30 Items of Rating Scale. Intervention was applied in working station using chair with backrest, static exercise and McKenzie exercise. The different between Period 1 and Periode 2 were analized. The resultshowed that mean fatigue (post) at Period 1 was 55±1.49 and Period 2 was 36,8 ± 2,89, so decrease 41,48% significantly (p

Industrial activities developed from households to large-scale industries, including the development of industries in the field of canning fish. Worker health is one of the important things in a company, can be achieved by choosing the right work method. This study was conducted to determine whether ergonomic oriented working methods in the process of wiping canned sardines can reduce musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue in workers. The study design was two period cross over pre and post-test group desig). The research was conducted at PT. BMP Negara. It was held in December 2016. Total sample were 18 workers who wiping cans of sardines. The difference in conditions between before and after activities using ergonomic un-oriented working methods and ergonomic oriented working methods are compared and tested statistically. Comparison tests were carried out on scores of musculoskeletal complaints and worker fatigue. The results showed that ergonomic oriented working methods decreased of musculoskeletal complaints 17.82% (p

Patients with cardiovascular disease often experience anxiety and discomfort, which can negatively affect their outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of murottal auditory therapy on anxiety and comfort levels in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease. This quasi-experimental study included 45 patients in both the intervention and control groups, selected through purposive sampling. Participants met criteria such as consciousness, effective communication skills, Muslim faith, and no hearing impairments. Anxiety was assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, while comfort was evaluated with the General Comfort Questionnaire. The Mc Nemar test was employed to determine the effect of the intervention. The findings indicate that a substantial number of patients in the intervention group reported mild anxiety (91.1%) and increased comfort (95.6%) following murottal therapy. Significant differences in anxiety and comfort levels were observed between the control and intervention groups, with p-values of 0.004 and 0.000, respectively. In conclusion, murottal auditory therapy, specifically Surah Ar-Rahman, effectively reduces anxiety and enhances comfort among patients with cardiovascular disease. These results underscore the potential of murottal auditory therapy as a complementary approach to expedite patients' recovery during treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid evolution of technology, particularly the ubiquitous presence of the internet, has brought about significant societal changes. While technological advancements have brought numerous benefits, they have also introduced new challenges and risks. Among these challenges is the alarming rise of child grooming, a form of sexual harassment perpetrated against minors, facilitated by the online environment. In Indonesia, the incidence of child grooming is increasingly prevalent, with several reported cases highlighting its emergence as a pressing societal issue. However, the absence of specific legal frameworks addressing this crime has posed significant challenges for law enforcement authorities tasked with its prevention and prosecution. The lack of dedicated legislation targeting child grooming underscores the need for a comprehensive legal response to effectively combat this form of exploitation. Currently, law enforcement officials rely on discretion in the absence of specific legal provisions, resulting in ad-hoc approaches to addressing these cases. This paper employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing The Statute Approach, to examine the legal landscape surrounding child grooming in Indonesia. By synthesizing existing literature and statutory regulations, this study aims to shed light on the legal complexities inherent in combating this emerging crime. In conclusion, while child grooming remains a relatively new phenomenon in Indonesia, its detrimental impact on minors necessitates urgent legislative action. By enacting dedicated laws and policies, the Indonesian government can provide law enforcement agencies with the necessary tools to effectively address and mitigate the prevalence of child grooming, ensuring the protection and well-being of the nation’s youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tepid sponge bath is a therapeutic bath by washing all around of the body with warm water to decrease body temperature. Warm water that used were 32oC (nail warm) and 37oC (warm). The aimed of this study was to compare the effectivity of tepid sponge bath with 32oC and 37oC warm water on decreasing body temperature at toddler with fever. Method: A quasy experimental pre post test design was used in this study. The population was toddler who had body temperature ≥38oC which treated in anggrek pediatric room dr. Iskak public hospital Tulungagung. There were 26 respondents recruited by using purposive sampling technique and divided into two group, each of 13 respondents received tepid sponge bath with 32oC and others received tepid sponge bath with 37oC warm water. The independent variable was tepid sponge bath and dependent variable was body temperature. Data were collected by using digital termometere and noted in respondent observation, then analyzed by using Paired t-Test and Mann Withney U-Test. Result: The result showed that there was an effectivity on decreasing body temperature by giving tepid sponge bath with 32oC and 37oC warm water with significance level p=0.000 and there was a difference decreasing body temperature among both of them with significance level p=0.016. Discussion: It can be concluded that tepid sponge bath with 37oC warm water was more effective than tepid sponge bath with 32oC warm water. Further studies should be observed the effectivity of tepid sponge bath with more specific age, fever character and more time and respondent.

Characteristics of batik stamp is done by standing working attitude. Equipment used in the form of a work desk height is not in accordance with anthropometric causing work attitude with a bent position and in giving patterns on fabrics monotonous and repetitive. Intervention by designing the working conditions such as repair work desk, a picturesque repair work organization in the form of active rest between working time and rest periods as well as preventive measures in the form of Pilates exercise can reduce the complaints caused by work processes. This study aims to show that the administration of Pilates exercise and modification of working conditions can reduce the subjective complaints and improve productivity on a batik cap in batik industry. This Study is Experimental research, with treatment by subject design. The first phase (I) subjects treated with conventional working conditions. The second phase (II) subjects treated with application of Pilates exercise and improvement of working conditions in the form of additional altitude work desk and an active break. Among the second stage, given washing out period and adaptation. Normality test data with ShapiroWilk, paired t-test to test the significance difference variables musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue and work productivity. These results indicate that administration of Pilates exercise and modification of working conditions affect significantly (p

In the simplicity of village life, embodied energy that can move the social dynamics of local development. Social energy that grow and develop in the rhythm of village life. Present at very strong by being bound by the order of local values ? ? in the form of kinship, cultural values ? ? and local leadership. Therefore, it is very interesting from this study is how to mobilize social energy in rural development dynamics of rural communities. Set in northern remote villages in three districts in Pacitan, namely districts Donorojo, sub Tulakan, and sub Tegal Ombo, and case studies as an approach to research, this study is very important because policy makers rural development can not ignore the existence of energy this social in an effort to empower communities for rural development.

The learning process involving teachers and students in various activities cause an impact toward learning outcome and learning achievement. Learning outcome in the form of fatigue, boredom and learning achievement relate to the learning condition that applied. One of the innovative learning models was Jigsaw. The learning of innovative jigsaw oriented ergonomic required to create learning condition quality. The aimed of this study was to prove the learning of innovative jigsaw in English subject can increase learning outcome and student’s learning achievement. This research used nonequivalent randomized pre and posttest control group design, involving 33 sampels which choosed become 16 samples in the control group and 17 samples in the experimental group. The data were collected using boredom questionnaire for boredom, 30 Items of Rating Scale for fatigue and rubric of English speaking language for student’s learning achievement. The normality of data was tested using Shapiro-Wilk test. The normal distribution data were analyzed using t group and the data which was not in normal distribution were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test with significance level 5% (?=0.05). The result of the research showed that the learning of innovative jigsaw oriented ergonomic in english subject that applied in experimental group increased the learning outcome seen from the fatigue decreased by 23.05%, boredom decreased by 30.25% and student’s learning achivement increased by 27.91%. It could be concluded that the learning of innovative jigsaw oriented ergonomic in English subjects can increase learning outcome and learning achivement. It is suggested that the learning of innovative jigsaw oriented ergonomic not only applied in English subject and on the tenth grade students of Ma NW Gelondong but can be applied to other subjects, grades and schools.

Characteristics of weaver was done by sitting on a chair in front of the loom. Sitting position for ± 8 working hours, monotonous movement, shoulders slightly raised, causing workers to balance body position. Work posture cause a static contraction to the shoulder and neck muscles. This study aims to show that the application of cervical stabilization through active exercise every 2 hours after work increase functional ability seen from decreasing musculoskeletal complaints, fatigue, increasing neck disability index and productivity among workers in weaving industry. This experimental study has been done, with treatment by subject design. Period 1 subject is not treated ie weaving as usual. Period 2 subjects were treated with the application of cervical stabilization through active exercise every 2 hours after work. Between the two stages, washing out period and adaptation. Musculoskeletal complaints were measured by Nordic Body Map questionnaire, work fatigue with 30 item of rating scale, neck functional ability measured with neck disability index and productivity based on output and input ratio. Analysis of the collected data is started with the descriptive analysis and the normality data tested using Shapiro-Wilk. Further, the data that has normal distribution are analyzed using t-paired and the data that has not a normal distribution are analyzed using Wilcoxon test. This study show that the application of cervical stabilization through active exercise increase functional ability seen from decreasing of musculoskeletal complaint 17.05%, fatigue 19.78%, increasing of neck disability index 15.13% and productivity 66.67%. It can be concluded that the application of cervical stabilization through active exercise increase functional ability seen from musculoskeletal complaints, work fatigue, neck disability index and work productivity. So it is suggested to apply to weavers in the weaving industry, to increase the functional ability of workers.

Technological developments increase the clothing industry from a variety of materials, types of fabrics, clothing models used by various professions in the form of work uniforms or daily service clothing (PDH). The convenient use of PDH helps workers improve their performance. This study was conducted to determine the effect of long-sleeved and short-sleeved PDH on the comfort and performance of radiographers at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. This research was carried out at radiology installation of Sanglah Denpasar Hospital, from May to June 2017. The design of this study was cross-design of two equal period subjects (treatment by subject and two period cross over pre and post-test group design) with a total sample of 16 people. The use of long-sleeved PDH as a control group, short-sleeved PDH as the treatment group. Measurements were performed pre and post on the comfort and performance of radiographers in terms of hand washing time and the number of patients that could be served. Comparison test on comfort and performance using Wilxocon Signed Ranks Test with p

Chicken gut crackers are foods that are sold in many restaurants and stalls. The process of making chicken gut crackers is through several stages, such as washing, frying and packing. In those processes, there are some ergonomic problems, especially in the packaging process. The packaging process is done by sitting on the short chair with bent body position and cause discomfort. To overcome these problems then the sitting work attitude is changed based on the anthropometry of workers that refers to the principle of ergonomics. The study was conducted in March 2017. The design of this study used the treatment by subject design involving 10 samples. Intermediate intervals before treatment and after treatment were given washing out for two days. The study was conducted in home industry located at West Teuku Umar Street. The measured data were the workload seen from the work pulse, enhancement in musculoskeletal complaints recorded with Nordic Body Map questionnaire and work productivity. The results showed that decreased of musculoskeletal complaints by 17.30% (p

This paper critically examines stolen assets recovery in Indonesia, employing Gustav Radbruch’s legal philosophy, which asserts that justice is the purpose of law and any rule failing to promote justice is invalid, along with Lawrence Friedman’s sociological theory. The aim is to illuminate Indonesia’s challenges and opportunities in recovering ill-gotten assets, an issue intertwined with corruption, transnational crime, and international cooperation. Radbruch’s formula serves as the moral and ethical basis for evaluating asset recovery. It prioritizes justice in legal systems, insisting that just laws are the only legitimate ones. This paper applies Radbruch’s formula to assess Indonesia’s legal frameworks and processes for asset recovery, emphasizing principles like fairness, equity, and legitimacy within this context. Furthermore, this study incorporates Friedman’s sociological theory, which examines how law evolves in response to social norms and values. It explores how sociocultural factors in Indonesia influence the development of legal mechanisms, public attitudes, and enforcement strategies regarding asset recovery. These perspectives offer valuable insights into Indonesia’s asset recovery challenges. They underscore the need for a holistic approach that integrates ethics, law, and sociology to enhance fairness and effectiveness. International collaboration is also emphasized due to the transnational nature of illicit financial flows. This paper contributes to a nuanced examination of Indonesia’s stolen assets recovery. By bridging legal philosophy and sociological theory, it provides a comprehensive framework for policymakers, legal professionals, and scholars engaged in pursuing justice and asset recovery in Indonesia and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the effect of semantic mapping strategy on the results of learning to write text reports of student observations with different cognitive styles. This research uses quantitative method with quasi experiment design. Type of design used is nonequivalent factorial control group design 2 x 2. The population of this study are students of class VII SMPN 2 Pare academic year 2016/2017. The sample of research is 80 of the total population of 358 students. Data collection used pretest, posttest, and post-test techniques with semantic mapping strategies, and tests to determine student’s cognitive style. Scores of test results were analyzed using factorial variance analysis according to the design and purpose of the study. The results showed that about 75% of the semantic mapping strategy had an effect on the result of learning to write the text of the result of student observation with different cognitive style. Approximately 25% of semantic mapping strategies have no effect especially on students with cognitive field dependent style. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pemetaan semantik terhadap hasil belajar menulis teks laporan hasil observasi siswa dengan gaya kognitif yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan kuasi eksperimen. Jenis desain yang digunakan adalah nonequivalent factorial control grup design 2 x 2. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMPN 2 Pare tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 80 dari keseluruhan populasi 358 siswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes yang berupa pretest, postest sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pembelajaran dengan strategi pemetaan semantik, serta tes untuk mengetahui gaya kognitif siswa. Skor hasil tes dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian faktorial sesuai dengan desain dan tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 75% strategi pemetaan semantik berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar menulis teks laporan hasil observasi siswa dengan gaya kognitif yang berbeda. Sekitar 25% strategi pemetaan semantik tidak berpengaruh khususnya pada siswa dengan gaya cognitive field dependent.