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J. VINCENTE PENA, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Education, C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain CARMEN RODRIGUEZ MENENDEZ, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Education, Despacho 318 C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain SUSANA TORIO, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Education, Despacho 315 C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain Family and Socialization Processes: Parental Perception and Evaluation of Their Children's Household Labour This paper presents the results of a research project developed to analyze and diagnose family co-responsibility in Spain. The basic goal of the research was to broaden our knowledge about how families negotiate the division of household labour and also to understand how the processes involved in such negotiation hinder or facilitate changes in gender roles. In this paper, we report our analysis and conclusions in relation to the implicit model implemented by parents in the socialization of shared family responsibility. The data used for the analysis were taken from a set of semi-structured interviews carried out in a focus group context with Spanish parents. The analysis shows how the traditional, idealized model of co-responsibility has been substituted by a more individualistic one. However, this new model appears to give rise to some problems and conflicts. J. VINCENTE PENA, University of Oviedo, Facuitad de Ciencias de la Educacion, C/ Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP: 33005, Oviedo, Spain CARMEN RODRIGUEZ MENENDEZ, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Despacho 318 C/ Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain SUSANA TORIO, University of Oviedo, Facuitad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Despacho 315 C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain Family and Socialization Processes: Parental Perception and Evaluation of Their Children's Household Labour On presente les resultats d'une enquete menee pour analyser et diagnostiquer la coresponsabilite de la famille en Espagne. L' objectif fondamental de la recherche etait de connaitre la facon dont les families negocient le partage du travail domestique et de comprendre comment les processus y impliques permettent de conserver ou de reproduire des roles entre les sexes. Dans cet article, nous decrivons l' analyse et les conclusions du modele implicite que les parents deploient dans la socialisation de la responsabilite familiere partagee. Les donnees utilisees pour 1' analyse sont issues d' une serie d' interviews semi-structurees menees en groupes de discussion avec des parents espagnols. Cette analyse montre comment le vieux modele, traditionnel et idealise de la responsabilite partagee, a ete abandonne pour etre remplace par un systeme plus individualiste. non sans problemes et conflits. J VINCENTE PENA, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Education, C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spa- CARMEN RODRIGUEZ -MENENDEZ, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Despacho 318 C/ Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain SUSANA TORIO, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion, Despacho 315 C/Aniceto Sela, s.n. CP:33005, Oviedo, Spain Family and Socialization Processes; Parental Perception and Evaluation of Their Children's Household Labour Se presentan los resultados de una investigacion realizada para analizar y diagnosticar la corresponsabilidad familiar en Espana. El objetivo fundamental de la investigacion ha sido conocer el modo en que las familias negocian la division del trabajo domestico y comprender como los procesos implicados permiten mantener o reproducir los roles de genero. En este articulo, mostramos el analisis y conclusiones del modelo implicito que los padres y madres implementan en la socializacion de la responsabilidad compartida familiar. Los datos utilizados para el analisis proceden de un conjunto de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a traves de grupos de discusion mantenidas con padres y madres espanoles. En este analisis se observa como se ha abandonado el viejo modelo tradicional idealizado de eorresponsabilidad y se ha sustituido por un modelo mas individualista no exento de problemas y conflictos., INTRODUCTION The family is, among other things, a community based on everyday practices in which adults, generally the parents, are responsible for organizing the minors' environment. Spanish Civil Law, in […]

Metakaolin based geopolymer foams were synthesized at room temperature by direct foaming using hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as a blowing agent and two types of surfactants such as AER5 and CTAB allowing to tune the connection between two adjacent cells. In the field of decontamination process of liquid wastes, the knowledge of the topology of the generated macroporous network is a primary of interest. Due to the complex structure of porous material, 2D conventional techniques as optical or scanning electron microscopy are often not able to provide all the necessary informations. The 3D networks were therefore characterized by X-ray tomography to determine the morphological structure parameters that is useful to manufacture geopolymer material for filtration applications. The porosity, the pore size distribution and constriction between adjacent cells, as well as the connection rates between pores were analyzed by the iMorph program. The results show that the total porosity increases from 26 to 74% when the initial concentration of H 2 O 2 increases, which is in complete agreement with the tomography results. Materials synthetized from CTAB surfactant are poorly connected whereas those generated from AER5 surfactant have a higher mean cell size (at equivalent initial H 2 O 2 concentration) and are fully connected, which will facilitate the transport of fluid through the material. These features have a strong impact on the value of permeability coefficients of the geopolymer foams. Indeed, permeabilities calculated from a Pore Network Modeling (PNM) approach or Kozeny-Carman equation, are ranged in between 10 -14 to 10 -10  m 2 depending on the cell connectivity, the throat size and the total porosity., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer SR declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors SP to the handling Editor., (Copyright © 2021 Petlitckaia, Vincente and Poulesquen.)

As intracardiac signal amplitudes fluctuate due to patient activity, drug intake, and other factors, it is imperative that an adequate sensing safety margin in an implanted pacemaker be used to compensate. We studied an investigational autosensing feature that automatically adjusts the device's sensitivity. Data were collected from 55 patients, with Intermedics model 292-03 or 294-03 pacemakers, upon inclusion of the study (Visit 1); 1 month postinclusion (Visit 2); 1 month, 1 day postinclusion (Visit 3); then 1 month, 2 days postinclusion (Visit 4). Atrial (N = 45) and/or ventricular (N = 54) thresholds were assessed at each visit; during Visit 2, myopotential tests were performed at two sensitivity settings. Autosensing was activated following Visit 1, then programmed on randomly at Visit 2 or Visit 3. From Visit 2-Visit 4, patients were monitored during daily activities (D), exercise (E), and sleep (S) with 24-hour Holter. With Autosensing on, atrial undersensing episodes were D = 33 (P > 0.2), and S = 28 (p < 0.05); ventricular undersensing episodes were D = 6 (p > 0.5). Ventricular oversensing episodes were S = 2; atrial oversensing episodes were S = 34 (p > 0.5), D = 2, and E = 3. Comparing Autosensing adjusted sensitivity with the recommended 2:1 safety margin, 4 patients (p = 0.15) experienced atrial myopotential oversensing, and 2 patients (p = 0.15) ventricular. No unanticipated clinical events occurred. Compared with the recommended 2:1 sensing safety margin, the Autosensing feature performed equal to manual programming in preventing episodes of under/oversensing, and was better for atrial undersensing during sleep. Autosensing obviates the need for periodic reprogramming of a fixed sensitivity value.

We present a series of 25 men with prostatic abscesses studied during an 11-year interval in whom prostatic fluctuation upon digital rectal examination was the most characteristic sign. Transrectal ultrasound was the most reliable method for diagnosis and transurethral drainage under antibiotic coverage was the ideal treatment for this disease.

The clinical findings and results obtained in a group of 100 patients with bladder tumours are presented. These patients were controlled during a 5-year period, and submitted to the same patterns of investigation and treatment. The treatment instituted was cobalt therapy together with 5-fluorouracil, followed by surgical intervention. The results have been evaluated according to the outcome and survival rates obtained.