26 results on '"Jamshed, Muhammad Ali"'
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2. Configuring reconfigurable intelligent surfaces using a practical codebook approach
- Author
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Hassouna, Saber, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ur-Rehman, Masood, Imran, Muhammad Ali, and Abbasi, Qammer H.
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- 2023
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3. Design and analysis of electromagnetic field emission-aware user terminals
- Author
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali and Heliot, Fabien
- Abstract
The advancements in the wireless communication industry have revolutionised how societies exchange information. It is foreseen that wireless communication systems' capacity will have to grow by 1,000 folds to accommodate the ever-growing number of wireless users. A part of this capacity enhancement will be made possible via an increase in the number of access points (AP)s, which will increase the number and type of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure sources in the environment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified these EMF radiations as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Therefore, this thesis aims at proposing novel techniques and performing exhaustive analysis to minimise EMF exposure, even well below the limits identified by the regulatory authorities. This thesis, firstly, provides a detailed survey related to the possible health hazards linked with the EMF exposure and the different metrics that are currently used for evaluating, limiting and mitigating the effects of this type of exposure on the individual user. Based on these EMF exposure metrics assessment, a novel EMF-aware resource allocation scheme for the uplink of power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) based systems is proposed, where each user terminal (UT) available in the network is equipped with a single antenna element for the uplink transmission. This scheme uses unsupervised machine learning (ML) technologies to reduce the EMF exposure by a fair margin compared to other existing EMF-aware scheduling schemes while satisfying the required quality of service (QoS). The presence of multiple antenna elements on a UT opens up opportunities to further reduce the EMF exposure compared to a single antenna element. In order to limit the potential health effect of EMF exposure, UT antennas must comply with EMF regulations, as they are very close to the human body. Therefore, the coupling between the two planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) elements is substantially manipulated to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) to the human head. This work identifies the antenna element requirements to enable the design of context-aware multiple antennas handset to operate at low SAR in talk position and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission mode in data mode. Results from this work shown that SAR can be reduced by a factor of three or more compared to a single antenna element when the appropriate settings identified in this work are selected. Based on the coupling manipulation analysis, a novel context-aware rim antenna design is proposed, which effectively exploits the level of mutual coupling between the antenna elements to reduce the EMF exposure when the UT comes in close contact with the human body. Analysis and results show that an up to 30% reduction in SAR (compared to their baseline value) can be achieved by any 2x2 MIMO rim antenna when using the proposed design. more...
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- 2021
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4. Rate optimization using low complex methods with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
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Hassouna, Saber, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ur Rehman, Masood, Imran, Muhammad Ali, and Abbasi, Qammer H.
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- 2023
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5. Reinforcement learning-based allocation of fog nodes for cloud-based smart grid
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ismail, Muhammad, Pervaiz, Haris, Atat, Rachad, Bayram, I. Safak, and Ni, Qiang
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- 2023
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6. Injecting cognitive intelligence into beyond-5G networks: A MAC layer perspective
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Nauman, Ali, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ahmad, Yazdan, Saad, Malik, Bilal, Muhammad, Shanmuganathan, Vimal, and Kim, Sung Won
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- 2023
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7. Intelligent computing based forecasting of deforestation using fire alerts: A deep learning approach
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Theodorou, Charalambos, Kalsoom, Tahera, Anjum, Nadeem, Abbasi, Qammer H., and Ur-Rehman, Masood
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- 2022
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8. Reinforcement learning-enabled Intelligent Device-to-Device (I-D2D) communication in Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT)
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Nauman, Ali, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ali, Rashid, Cengiz, Korhan, Zulqarnain, and Kim, Sung Won
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- 2021
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9. Enhancing spectrum sensing efficiency in multi‐channel cognitive device‐to‐device networks: Medium Access Control layer strategies and analysis.
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Khan, Irfan Latif, Iqbal, Adeel, Nauman, Ali, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Shakeel, Atif, Hussain, Riaz, Rashid, Adnan, and Pecorella, Tommaso
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INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,SMARTPHONES ,TRAFFIC congestion ,ACCESS control ,RADIO networks ,COGNITIVE radio - Abstract
The detection and characterisation of electromagnetic signals within a specific frequency range, known as spectrum sensing, plays a crucial role in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs). The CRNs aim to adapt their communication parameters to the surrounding radio environment, thereby improving the efficiency and utilisation of the available radio spectrum. Spectrum sensing is particularly important in device‐to‐device (D2D) communication when operating independently of the cellular network infrastructure. The Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol coordinates device communication and ensures interference‐free operation of the CRN coexisting with the primary cellular network. A spectrum sensing strategy at the MAC layer for cognitive D2D communication. The strategy focuses on reducing the overall sensing period allocated at the MAC layer by having each Cognitive D2D User (cD2DU) sense a smaller subset of available channels while maintaining the same sensing time for cellular user detection at the physical layer. To achieve this, the concept of concurrent groups of D2D devices is introduced in proximity, which are formed by using unique IDs of cD2DUs during the device discovery stage. Each concurrent group senses a specific portion of the cellular user band in a shorter time, resulting in a reduced overall sensing period. In addition to mitigating traffic congestion through data diversion from the cellular network, the proposed strategy facilitates the concurrent sensing of multiple channels by cD2DUs within the underutilised cellular user band. This leads to extended data transmission periods, increased network throughput, and effective offloading of the cellular network. The effectiveness of the proposed work is evaluated by considering factors, such as network throughput and transmission time. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the approach in improving spectrum utilisation and communication efficiency in multi‐channel Cognitive D2D Networks (cD2DNs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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10. Efficient power allocation for NOMA-enabled IoT networks in 6G era
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Khan, Wali Ullah, Jameel, Furqan, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Pervaiz, Haris, Khan, Shafiullah, and Liu, Ju
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- 2020
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11. Performance evaluation of handover triggering condition estimation using mobility models in heterogeneous mobile networks.
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Malik, Asad Ali, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Nauman, Ali, Iqbal, Adeel, Shakeel, Atif, and Hussain, Riaz
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TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,NETWORK performance ,WIRELESS Internet ,RADIO technology ,INTERNET of things ,ROAMING (Telecommunication) - Abstract
Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) refer to the communication network, consisting of different types of nodes connected through communication networks deploying diverse radio access technologies like LTE, Wi‐Fi, Zigbee, and Z‐wave, and using different communication protocols and operating frequencies. Vertical handover, is the process of switching a mobile device from one network type to another, such as from a cellular network to a Wi‐Fi network, and is critical for ensuring a seamless user experience and optimal network performance, within the handover process handover triggering estimation is one of the crucial step affecting the overall performance. A mathematical analysis is presented for the handover triggering estimation. The performance evaluation shows significant improvement in the probability of successful handover using the proposed handover triggering condition based on speed, distance, and different mobility models. The handover triggering condition is optimised based on the speed of the mobile node, handover completion time, and the coverage range of the current and the target networks of the HetNet node, with due consideration of the mobility model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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12. Leveraging InGaN solar cells for visible light communication reception.
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Manzoor, Habib Ullah, Manzoor, Sanaullah, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, and Manzoor, Tareq
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ELECTRIC power ,FREE-space optical technology ,PASSIVE optical networks ,OPTICAL communications ,SOLAR cells - Abstract
Solar cells are increasingly being utilised for both energy harvesting and reception in free‐space optical (FSO) communication networks. The authors focus on the implementation of a mid‐band p‐In0.01Ga0.99 N/p‐In0.5Ga0.5 N/n‐In0.5Ga0.5 N (PPN) solar cell, boasting an impressive 26.36% conversion efficiency (under 1.5AM conditions) as a receiver within an indoor FSO communication network. Employing a solar cell with dimensions of 1 mm in length and width, the FSO system underwent simulation using Optisystm software, while the solar cell's behaviour was simulated using SCAPS‐1D. The received power from the solar cell was then compared to that of four commercially available avalanche photodiode (APD) receivers. Exploring incident wavelengths spanning 400–700 nm within the visible spectrum, across transmission distances of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m, the study presented current‐voltage (IV) and power‐voltage curves. Notably, the InGaN solar cell exhibited superior electrical power output compared to all commercial APDs. In conclusion, the findings underscore that augmenting received power has the potential to enhance FSO network quality and support extended transmission distances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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13. Green UAV-enabled Internet-of-Things Network with AI-assisted NOMA for Disaster Management
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ayaz, Ferheen, Kaushik, Aryan, Fischione, Carlo, and Ur-Rehman, Masood
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Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI) ,FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Systems and Control (eess.SY) ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication is becoming a streamlined technology in providing improved coverage to the internet-of-things (IoT) based devices. Rapid deployment, portability, and flexibility are some of the fundamental characteristics of UAVs, which make them ideal for effectively managing emergency-based IoT applications. This paper studies a UAV-assisted wireless IoT network relying on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to facilitate uplink connectivity for devices spread over a disaster region. The UAV setup is capable of relaying the information to the cellular base station (BS) using decode and forward relay protocol. By jointly utilizing the concepts of unsupervised machine learning (ML) and solving the resulting non-convex problem, we can maximize the total energy efficiency (EE) of IoT devices spread over a disaster region. Our proposed approach uses a combination of k-medoids and Silhouette analysis to perform resource allocation, whereas, power optimization is performed using iterative methods. In comparison to the exhaustive search method, our proposed scheme solves the EE maximization problem with much lower complexity and at the same time improves the overall energy consumption of the IoT devices. Moreover, in comparison to a modified version of greedy algorithm, our proposed approach improves the total EE of the system by 19% for a fixed 50k target number of bits. more...
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- 2023
14. In‐Home Monitoring Using Wireless on the Walls for Future HealthCare: Real‐World Demonstration.
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Kazim, Jalil ur Rehman, Tahir, Ahsen, Rains, James, Cui, Tie Jun, Jabbar, Abdul, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ur-Rehman, Masood, Alomainy, Akram, Imran, Muhammad Ali, and Abbasi, Qammer H.
- Abstract
Since the last decade radio frequency (RF) sensing has emerged as an alternative in‐home monitoring and tracking technology because of its inherent device‐free and privacy‐preserved features over camera and wearable technologies. In this work, contrary to conventional radar‐based sensing and WiFi‐based setups which require line‐of‐sight (LoS) to process and collect the RF signals for monitoring, it is shown for the first time in literature the potential of using RF sensing for vitals, that is, heartbeat detection in the non‐line‐of‐sight (NLoS) using an in‐house‐developed reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), that is, wireless on the walls. The developed RIS is the world's first prototype which consists of "4096 elements". The unit cell elements are individually controlled via PIN diodes, 1‐bit, operating at 3.75 GHz specified for the fifth‐generation (5G) network. Near‐field beam steering is demonstrated, with a switching speed of 15 ms. For the first time in the literature its is demonstrated that RIS can assist in the detection of microactivities including the human heartbeat in NLoS indoor complex environment, a limitation with the existing RF sensing technologies to date. In addition, it is experimentally verified that the RIS can potentially reduce the e‐field magnitude at the user's by regulating the gain at the user terminal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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15. Opportunities for Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in 6G-Empowered V2X Communications
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Khan, Wali Ullah, Mahmood, Asad, Bozorgchenani, Arash, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ranjha, Ali, Lagunas, Eva, Pervaiz, Haris, Chatzinotas, Symeon, Ottersten, Björn, and Popovski, Petar
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Signal Processing (eess.SP) ,FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
This paper first describes the introduction of 6G-empowered V2X communications and IRS technology. Then it discusses different use case scenarios of IRS enabled V2X communications and reports recent advances in the existing literature. Next, we focus our attention on the scenario of vehicular edge computing involving IRS enabled drone communications in order to reduce vehicle computational time via optimal computational and communication resource allocation. At the end, this paper highlights current challenges and discusses future perspectives of IRS enabled V2X communications in order to improve current work and spark new ideas., 11,4 more...
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- 2022
16. Physical layer security analysis using radio frequency‐fingerprinting in cellular‐V2X for 6G communication.
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Ayaz, Hina, Abbas, Ghulam, Waqas, Muhammad, Abbas, Ziaul Haq, Bilal, Muhammad, Nauman, Ali, and Jamshed, Muhammad Ali
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PHYSICAL layer security ,RADIO frequency ,SIGNAL-to-noise ratio - Abstract
It is anticipated that sixth‐generation (6G) systems would present new security challenges while offering improved features and new directions for security in vehicular communication, which may result in the emergence of a new breed of adaptive and context‐aware security protocol. Physical layer security solutions can compete for low‐complexity, low‐delay, low‐footprint, adaptable, extensible, and context‐aware security schemes by leveraging the physical layer and introducing security controls. A novel physical layer security scheme that employs the concept of radio frequency fingerprinting (RF‐FP) for location estimation is proposed, wherein the RF‐FP values are collected at different points with in the cell. Then, based on the estimated location, the nearest possible road‐side unit for sending the information signal is located. After this, the effects on secrecy capacity (SC) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) in the presence of multiple eavesdropper per unit time are analysed. It has been shown via simulations that the proposed RF‐FP scheme increases SC by up to 25% for the same signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values as those of the benchmarks, while the SOP tends to decrease by up to 30% as compared to the benchmark scheme for the same SNR value. Thus, the proposed RF‐FP‐based location estimation provides much better results as compared to the existing physical layer security schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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17. Flexible Ultra-Wideband Antenna for 5G and Beyond Wearable Applications
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Lyu, Bowen, Safdar, Ghazanfar A., Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, and Ur Rehman, Masood
- Abstract
Millimeter wave frequencies are front running contenders for 5G wireless communications. A wideband antenna that can provide coverage in whole of these frequencies is a well sought off challenge. This paper presents design of a quasi-Yagi antenna consisting of three driven arms and three pairs of spiral directors that efficiently meets this requirement. To satisfy the flexibility demand of wearable applications, the antenna employs liquid crystal polymer LCP as the substrate. The antenna has a small size of 5×8×0.202 mm 3 while covering 24-71 GHz band.The proposed antenna achieves peak gain of 2.85, 6.33 and 8.52 dBi, respectively, and an efficiency of more than 70% in the desired frequency bands. The symmetric structure of the antenna also makes the fabrication easier. The ultra-wideband, radiation characteristics and flexibility of usage makes it a promising candidate for 5G and Beyond wearable applications. more...
- Published
- 2021
18. A survey on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces: Wireless communication perspective.
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Hassouna, Saber, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Rains, James, Kazim, Jalil ur Rehman, Rehman, Masood Ur, Abualhayja, Mohammad, Mohjazi, Lina, Cui, Tei Jun, Imran, Muhammad Ali, and Abbasi, Qammer H.
- Subjects
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WIRELESS communications , *SOFTWARE radio , *CHANNEL estimation , *COMMUNICATION models , *PASSIVE components - Abstract
Using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to improve the coverage and the data rate of future wireless networks is a viable option. These surfaces are constituted of a significant number of passive and nearly passive components that interact with incident signals in a smart way, such as by reflecting them, to increase the wireless system's performance as a result of which the notion of a smart radio environment comes to fruition. In this survey, a study review of RIS‐assisted wireless communication is supplied starting with the principles of RIS which include the hardware architecture, the control mechanisms, and the discussions of previously held views about the channel model and pathloss; then the performance analysis considering different performance parameters, analytical approaches and metrics are presented to describe the RIS‐assisted wireless network performance improvements. Despite its enormous promise, RIS confronts new hurdles in integrating into wireless networks efficiently due to its passive nature. Consequently, the channel estimation for, both full and nearly passive RIS and the RIS deployments are compared under various wireless communication models and for single and multi‐users. Lastly, the challenges and potential future study areas for the RIS aided wireless communication systems are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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19. Impact of Tree Cover Loss on Carbon Emission: A Learning-Based Analysis.
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Butt, Abdul Haleem, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ur Rahman, Ata, Alam, Faiz, Shakya, Manoj, Almadhor, Ahmad S., and Ur-Rehman, Masoor
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CARBON emissions , *FOREST policy , *MOVING average process , *TREES - Abstract
Describing the processes leading to deforestation is essential for the development and implementation of the forest policies. In this work, two different learning models were developed in order to identify the best possible model for the assessment of the deforestation causes and trends. We developed autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and long short-term memory (LSTM) independently in order to see the trend between tree cover loss and carbon dioxide emission. This study includes the twenty-year data of Pakistan on tree cover loss and carbon emission from the Global Forest Watch (GFW) platform, a known platform to get numerical data. Minimum mean absolute error (MAE) for the prediction of tree cover loss and carbon emission obtained through ARIMA model is 0.89 and 0.95, respectively. The minimum MAE given by LSTM model is 0.33 and 0.43, respectively. There is no such kind of study conducted in order to identify the increase in carbon emission due to tree cover loss most specifically in Pakistan. The results endorsed that one of the main causes of increase in the pollution in the environment in terms of carbon emission is due to tree cover loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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20. Learning-Based Resource Allocation for Backscatter-Aided Vehicular Networks.
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Khan, Wali Ullah, Nguyen, Tu N., Jameel, Furqan, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Pervaiz, Haris, Javed, Muhammad Awais, and Jantti, Riku
- Abstract
Heterogeneous backscatter networks are emerging as a promising solution to address the proliferating coverage and capacity demands of next-generation vehicular networks. However, despite its rapid evolution and significance, the optimization aspect of such networks has been overlooked due to their complexity and scale. Motivated by this discrepancy in the literature, this work sheds light on a novel learning-based optimization framework for heterogeneous backscatter vehicular networks. More specifically, the article presents a resource allocation and user association scheme for large-scale heterogeneous backscatter vehicular networks by considering a collaboration centric spectrum sharing mechanism. In the considered network setup, multiple network service providers (NSPs) own the resources to serve several legacy and backscatter vehicular users in the network. For each NSP, the legacy vehicle user operates under the macro cell, whereas, the backscatter vehicle user operates under small private cells using leased spectrum resources. A joint power allocation, user association, and spectrum sharing problem has been formulated with an objective to maximize the utility of NSPs. In order to overcome challenges of high dimensionality and non-convexity, the problem is divided into two subproblems. Subsequently, a reinforcement learning and a supervised deep learning approach have been used to solve both subproblems in an efficient and effective manner. To evaluate the benefits of the proposed scheme, extensive simulation studies are conducted and a comparison is provided with benchmark techniques. The performance evaluation demonstrates the utility of the presented system architecture and learning-based optimization framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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21. Dual Antenna Coupling Manipulation for Low SAR Smartphone Terminals in Talk Position.
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Brown, Tim W. C., and Heliot, Fabien
- Subjects
- *
SUCCESSIVE approximation analog-to-digital converters , *PLANAR antennas , *ANTENNAS (Electronics) , *SMARTPHONES , *CURRENT distribution , *MAGNETIC recording heads - Abstract
A rigorous analysis of the concept of coupling manipulation utilizing two antennas suited to modern smartphone devices in talk position for voice calls is presented. By using the optimum relative phase between the elements, they can substantially reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) but still maintain efficiency due to the splitting of power between them and by exploiting a suitable level of interelement coupling. The same antenna elements can still be used for multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) when not in talk position without heavily degrading their fundamental capacity limit, but this is of secondary importance. The concept could be applied to frequency ranges used in mobile communications from 1.8 to 6 GHz where the ground plane has sufficient form factor. Extensive simulations using two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) operating at 2.4 GHz are carried out to demonstrate conceptually how two antennas can be optimized to reduce SAR by over 50% compared to a single antenna element. SAR reduction is maintained regardless of the user’s head composition and how they are handling the device in a talk position. Antenna prototypes are measured and compared to verify the capacity when the handset is used away from the body with two MIMO terminal antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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22. Internet of Drones: Routing Algorithms, Techniques and Challenges.
- Author
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Haider, Syed Kamran, Nauman, Ali, Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Jiang, Aimin, Batool, Sahar, and Kim, Sung Won
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ROUTING algorithms ,WIRELESS sensor networks ,BEES algorithm ,INTERNET ,MATHEMATICAL optimization - Abstract
In the past decades, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have drawn more attention in the academic domain and exploration in the research fields of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Moreover, applications of drones aid operations related to military support, agriculture industry, and smart Internet-of-Things (IoT). Currently, the use of drone based IoT, also known as Internet-of-Drones (IoD), and their design challenges and techniques are being probed by researchers around the globe. The placement of drones (nodes) is an important consideration in a IoD environment and is closely related to the properties of IoT. Given a base station (BS), sensor nodes (SNs) and IoT devices are designed to capture the signals transmitted by the BS and make use of internet connectivity in a manner to facilitate users. Mutual benefit can be achieved by integrating drones into IoT. The drone based cluster models are not free from challenges. Routing protocols have to be substantiated by key algorithms. Drones are designed to be specific to applications, but the underlying principles are the same. Optimization algorithms are the gateway to better accuracy, performance, and reliability. This article discusses some of these optimization algorithms, include genetic algorithm (GA), bee optimization algorithm, and Chicken Swarm Optimization Clustering Algorithm (CSOCA). Finally, the routing schemes, protocols, and challenges in the context of IoD are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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23. Challenges, Applications, and Future of Wireless Sensors in Internet of Things: A Review.
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ali, Kamran, Abbasi, Qammer H., Imran, Muhammad Ali, and Ur-Rehman, Masood
- Abstract
The addition of massive machine type communication (mMTC) as a category of Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile communication, have increased the popularity of Internet of Things (IoT). The sensors are one of the critical component of any IoT device. Although the sensors posses a well-known historical existence, but their integration in wireless technologies and increased demand in IoT applications have increased their importance and the challenges in terms of design, integration, etc. This survey presents a holistic (historical as well as architectural) overview of wireless sensor (WS) nodes, providing a classical definition, in-depth analysis of different modules involved in the design of a WS node, and the ways in which they can be used to measure a system performance. Using the definition and analysis of a WS node, a more comprehensive classification of WS nodes is provided. Moreover, the need to form a wireless sensor network (WSN), their deployment, and communication protocols is explained. The applications of WS nodes in various use cases have been discussed. Additionally, an overlook of challenges and constraints that these WS nodes face in various environments and during the manufacturing process, are discussed. Their main existing developments which are expected to augment the WS nodes, to meet the requirements of the emerging systems, are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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24. Unsupervised Learning Based Emission-Aware Uplink Resource Allocation Scheme for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems.
- Author
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Heliot, Fabien, and Brown, Tim W. C.
- Subjects
- *
RESOURCE allocation , *QUALITY of service , *MACHINE learning , *ELECTROMAGNETIC fields , *MULTIPLE access protocols (Computer network protocols) , *PARALLEL algorithms - Abstract
The densification of wireless infrastructure to meet ever-increasing quality of service (QoS) demands, and the ever-growing number of wireless devices may lead to higher levels of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure in the environment, in the 5G era. The possible long term health effects related to the EMF radiation are still an open debate and requires attention. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel EMF-aware resource allocation scheme based on the power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) and machine learning (ML) technologies for reducing the EMF exposure in the uplink of cellular systems. More specifically, we use the K-means approach (an unsupervised ML approach) to create clusters of users to be allocated together and to then strategically group and assign them on the subcarriers, based on their associated channel properties. Finding the best number of clusters in the PD-NOMA environment is a key challenge, and in this paper, we have used the elbow method in conjunction with the F-test method to effectively control the maximum number of users to be allocated at the same time per subcarrier. We have also derived an EMF-aware power allocation by formulating and solving a convex optimization problem. Based on the simulation results, our proposed ML-based strategy effectively reduces the EMF exposure, in comparison with the state-of-the-art techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. An energy efficient priority based wireless multimedia sensor node dynamic scheduler.
- Author
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Khan, Muhammad Farhan, Rafique, Khalid, Khan, Muhammad Imran, Faheem, Kashif, Shah, Syed Muslim, and Rahim, Anum
- Published
- 2015
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26. Dual Band and Dual Diversity Four-Element MIMO Dipole for 5G Handsets.
- Author
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Jamshed, Muhammad Ali, Ur-Rehman, Masood, Frnda, Jaroslav, Althuwayb, Ayman A., Nauman, Ali, Cengiz, Korhan, and Khalid, Waqas
- Subjects
- *
DIPOLE antennas , *ANTENNA design , *5G networks , *SPACE stations , *ANTENNAS (Electronics) , *PYRAMIDAL tract - Abstract
The increasing popularity of using wireless devices to handle routine tasks has increased the demand for incorporating multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology to utilize limited bandwidth efficiently. The presence of comparatively large space at the base station (BS) makes it straightforward to exploit the MIMO technology's useful properties. From a mobile handset point of view, and limited space at the mobile handset, complex procedures are required to increase the number of active antenna elements. In this paper, to address such type of issues, a four-element MIMO dual band, dual diversity, dipole antenna has been proposed for 5G-enabled handsets. The proposed antenna design relies on space diversity as well as pattern diversity to provide an acceptable MIMO performance. The proposed dipole antenna simultaneously operates at 3.6 and 4.7 sub-6 GHz bands. The usefulness of the proposed 4 × 4 MIMO dipole antenna has been verified by comparing the simulated and measured results using a fabricated version of the proposed antenna. A specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis has been carried out using CST Voxel (a heterogeneous biological human head) model, which shows maximum SAR value for 10 g of head tissue is well below the permitted value of 2.0 W/kg. The total efficiency of each antenna element in this structure is −2.88, −3.12, −1.92 and −2.45 dB at 3.6 GHz, while at 4.7 GHz are −1.61, −2.19, −1.72 and −1.18 dB respectively. The isolation, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between the adjacent ports and the loss in capacity is below the standard margin, making the structure appropriate for MIMO applications. The effect of handgrip and the housing box on the total antenna efficiency is analyzed, and only 5% variation is observed, which results from careful placement of antenna elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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