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Objective: Chronic migraine encephalalgia (CME) with concomitant temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a serious illness with limited effective treatment options. This study explores the effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA (BtxA) as an adjunct therapeutic to TMJ arthroscopy in the relief of CME. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients receiving TMJ arthroscopy, with or without BtxA injections for CME, was conducted. Variables assessed include pain using a visual analog scale (VAS), maximal incisal opening (MIO), muscle soreness, and headache frequency and duration. Results: Sixty patients (44 BtxA, 16 Control), consisting of 56 (93.3%) females, met inclusion criteria. A significant reduction in pain is reported with patients receiving BtxA (p < 0.0001) on VAS as compared to Control group. BtxA treatment also significantly reduced headache frequency and duration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results support the use of adjunctive BtxA treatment with arthroscopy for the treatment of CME in the context of TMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very little is known about the role of person-level qualities, or personality, in the teacher labor market. This study explores the role of "perfectionism" in teacher occupational commitment and retention. One hundred eighteen graduates of a competitive teacher preparation program with widely varying levels of total years commitment to the job completed a measure of three dimensions of perfectionism--"standards" (holding oneself to high standards), "order" (valuing neatness, tidiness, and being disciplined), and "discrepancy" (perceiving a gap between ambitions and abilities)--and gave information about their personal backgrounds and work histories. Results suggest that none of the dimensions of perfectionism predict teacher commitment in the sample as a whole, but that the "order" dimension significantly predicts long-term commitment to struggling urban versus affluent suburban schools. These results imply that long-term urban teachers may be adept at overlooking difficult and sometimes chaotic circumstances to sustain themselves in the occupation.

Wood accumulations influence geomorphic, hydraulic, and ecologic functions within a river corridor, but characterizing these accumulations presents challenges across a range of field and remote sensing methodologies. We evaluate the ability of handheld lidar scanners, specifically lidar‐scanning capabilities of a fourth‐generation iPad Pro, to collect three‐dimensional wood accumulation data, which can be used to inform measurements of wood volume, porosity, complexity, and roughness. We discuss the potential and limitations of this novel methodology for river research and management. We found that handheld lidar presents a cost‐effective input for data‐processing workflows that field measurements of wood accumulation dimensions cannot as easily replicate including (1) a user‐friendly means of data collection and visualization; (2) accurate comparisons of wood volume over time; (3) integration into workflows to measure porosity parameters; and (4) potential use in informing hydraulic and morphodynamic models. Consideration of study area constraints and intended use of scans are prerequisites to using handheld lidar as an effective tool. We identified some specific limitations of using handheld lidar scanners in wood‐rich river corridors, including (1) scanners perform poorly when wood is under water or surrounded by dense vegetation; (2) scanners require physical access to areas of interest at distances less than 5 m; (3) scans need to be manually georeferenced; and (4) scans require manual measurements for any dimensional data, which still have associated user time and error. Handheld lidar as a scientific tool is rapidly developing and there is substantial room for expansion of applications, utilization, and advances in the use of this tool in river research and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expressions of the intent to leave behind something when we die can contain elements of both selflessness and selfishness. In this paper, we identify 3 different types of expressed legacy (personal, broader, and composite), and distinguish between them by examining their correlates (generativity, narcissism, and community involvement), as well as differences in expressed legacies for midlife African Americans and European Americans. Quantitative and qualitative data from surveys and interviews were drawn from the Foley Longitudinal Study of Adulthood (FLSA; N = 138; aged 55-58). We examined the contributions of generativity, narcissism, community involvement, and SES to each legacy, as well as the comparative levels of common significant predictors for each legacy, and the comparative likelihood of expressing particular legacies by race. Quantitative analyses showed that a different constellation of correlates predicted each legacy. Additionally, African Americans were more likely than European Americans to express legacies that indicated community involvement. Qualitative analyses showed that legacy groups (and races) also differed in open-ended responses encompassing personal concerns, talents, and goals. These findings highlight some of the mechanisms and correlates of how the intent to leave a legacy can provide meaning and purpose for midlife African Americans and European Americans. Results are discussed in light of previous research concerning how legacies are transmitted, and potential differences in cultural roots and meaning for African Americans and European Americans.

Background: Creating greater stability in the teacher labor force and improving teacher quality is an important education policy priority in the United States. While there is a robust literature on the external, environmental reasons teachers stay in or leave the occupation, little is known about the role internal, person-level factors play in teacher retention, especially among academically elite teachers. Focus of Study: This study explores the role of personality, holistically defined, in teacher commitment. Participants: The sample for this study consists of 107 graduates of a single teacher preparation program. They are classified as "academically elite," as this preparation program is very selective and demands high GRE scores. Research Design: Discriminant function and regression analyses are used to test which of a rich set of personality measures, both traditional self-report measures and coded narrative accounts of life and career high points, predict long-term commitment to teaching in this sample. Results: Discriminant function analysis exploring differences between very long-term committers (15+ years) and short-term committers (7- years) suggests that long-term committers are distinguished by a "special kind of ambition": they set goals that are both more difficult and more prosocial than their counterparts with a shorter commitment to the occupation, and in personal narratives they more often show "enlightened self-interest," a combination of self-interest/self-promotion with concern for and connection to others. In addition, regression analyses show that these personality variables significantly predict retention in the sample as a whole, even when controlling for school advantage. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that personality does play an important role in teachers' occupational commitment, call into question pervasive stereotypes in the United States of teachers as unambitious, and suggest ways academically elite teachers might be able to shift the ways they think about their work in order to sustain themselves in the occupation.

This paper examines Korean immigrant fathers' lived experiences of their parenting involvement by using interpretative phenomenological analysis of seven participants who were recruited through Korean ethnic churches in a Midwestern city. In semi-structured interviews, we explored five main areas affecting Korean immigrant fathers' perceptions and attitudes toward parenting involvement and found the following issues to be especially salient for participants: limited acculturation progress, economic difficulties, low self-esteem, experiences of intergenerational conflict, and involvement in religious faith and church activities. This study contributes to the field's understanding of Korean immigrant fathers' perceptions of intergenerational and intercultural conflicts when raising their Americanized children and underlines for mental health providers the importance of providing culturally competent parenting education on the topic of positive fathering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A robust body of research has documented how expressive writing about difficult or traumatic experiences can be beneficial across a range of domains. Relatively little research, on the other hand, has documented the impact of expressive writing activities on positive events. In this randomized controlled trial, adolescents (N = 350) beginning ninth grade in three schools serving mostly low‐income students of color participated in a 45‐min writing workshop. They were prompted to write about either a negative or positive life event, then edit their writing to include themes thought to insulate them from the possible threats to identity that can come with the transition to high school. We find evidence that positive expressive writing activities are more academically beneficial than expressive writing about negative events. Compared with students who wrote about a failure and subsequent resilience, students who detailed how they attained an important success showed a more positive trajectory for absences (β = −.417; p =.008) and detentions (β = −.962; p =.034), and those who wrote about a generally happy life event showed a better trajectory for grade point average (β =.622; p =.043). Exploratory analyses also show that, regardless of condition, including themes of the "self as competent" and "savoring" good experiences was associated with improved academic outcomes. Including themes of "resilience" was not, across conditions, associated with improved outcomes unless students at the same time included "self as competent" themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Chronic migraine encephalalgia (CME) with concomitant temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a serious illness with limited effective treatment options. This study explores the effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA (BtxA) as an adjunct therapeutic to TMJ arthroscopy in the relief of CME., Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients receiving TMJ arthroscopy, with or without BtxA injections for CME, was conducted. Variables assessed include pain using a visual analog scale (VAS), maximal incisal opening (MIO), muscle soreness, and headache frequency and duration., Results: Sixty patients (44 BtxA, 16 Control), consisting of 56 (93.3%) females, met inclusion criteria. A significant reduction in pain is reported with patients receiving BtxA ( p < 0.0001) on VAS as compared to Control group. BtxA treatment also significantly reduced headache frequency and duration ( p < 0.05)., Conclusion: These results support the use of adjunctive BtxA treatment with arthroscopy for the treatment of CME in the context of TMD.