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Funding Information: The authors deeply appreciate the support provided by the Humanistic Co-design team, MIT India, MIT Ideation lab and SUTD-MIT International Design Centre (IDC) (http://www.sutd.edu.sg/idc.aspx). Any opinions, findings, or recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors or collaborators. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The authors and IOS Press. Disability has been redefined by the World Health Organization as a function of a person's interaction with the environment and not merely an innate part of a person. This redefinition highlights the need for inclusiveness in design solutions. To aid this, we apply and test the potential of different tools that restrict designers' physical abilities at deriving inclusive design perspectives among designers. Various tools and simulated conditions are often adopted in user-centered design to support need-finding by eliciting rich data on users' needs and guide designers to empathize with users. Simulation tools that restrict designers' physical abilities have been applied to understand certain perspectives of people with physical challenges, yet these tools lack the ability to evoke an inclusive design perspective among designers. Through a co-creation workshop, participants were exposed to two forms of simulations: direct and situational physical impairments. This was achieved using different tools that simulate the same physical restriction. In this study, a noise-canceller and earphones were used to simulate a reduced hearing attention. Participants were asked to generate user needs and design functions by applying both the simulation tools. The study results comprise the outcomes of 33 participants who volunteered to participate in a co-design workshop that provided a venue for them to interact and work alongside users with physical challenges. This paper analyses the inclusiveness attained through different types of simulated conditions. With a growing need to create tools and technologies that delight the user, it is necessary to equip designers with the tools that would help them with the process. The study demonstrates the application and impact of one such tool.

This dissertation presents a theoretical analysis of protocols relevant for quantum information processing with superconducting qubits. The purpose of these protocols is decoherence suppression and quantum information transfer. Our analysis makes use of the standard density matrix formalism and Kraus operator (operator-sum) representation of quantum operations. We also use the mathematical trick of unravelling continuous evolution into discrete scenarios with corresponding probabilities.We show that decoherence due to zero-temperature energy relaxation can be almost completely suppressed, probabilistically, by weak measurement reversal (also known as quantum uncollapsing). To protect a qubit, a weak (partial) quantum measurement moves it towards the ground state, where it is kept during the storage period, while the second partial measurement restores the initial state. This procedure preferentially selects the cases without energy decay events. Stronger decoherence suppression requires smaller selection probability; a desired point in this trade-off can be chosen by varying the measurement strength.We also analyze several simple quantum error correction (QEC) and quantum error detection (QED) protocols, relevant to superconducting qubits. We show that for energy relaxation the repetitive N-qubit quantum codes cannot be used for QEC, but can be used for QED (also known as probabilistic error correction). Moreover, the repetitive code with only two qubits is sufficient for QED. We also present several other two-qubit algorithms realizable with the current technology of superconducting phase qubits; these algorithms can demonstrate QEC for intentional errors and QED for real decoherence.We also analyze a procedure designed to transfer the state of a microwave qubit from one superconducting resonator to another resonator via a transmission line; the emission and capture of the microwave energy is achieved using tunable couplers. The procedure is shown to be robust against experimental imperfections of required pulse shapes. Our results also indicate that a successful state transfer requires nearly equal resonator frequencies for the entire duration of the procedure.

We show that the qubit decoherence due to zero-temperature energy relaxation can be almost completely suppressed by using the quantum uncollapsing procedure. To protect a qubit state, a partial quantum measurement moves it towards the ground state, where it is kept during the storage period, while the second partial measurement restores the initial state. This procedure preferentially selects the cases without energy decay events. Stronger decoherence suppression requires smaller selection probability; a desired point in this trade-off can be chosen by varying the measurement strength. The experiment can be realized in a straightforward way using the superconducting phase qubit., 4 pages