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Previous studies show that micro and small enterprises in creative and cultural industries (CCIs) tend to be influenced by physical co-location – the agglomeration. A high level of agglomeration is, however, in many senses the opposite to digitalisation: there is a contrast between operating an enterprise based on face-to-face contacts and physical attendance and operating one based on digital contacts and a digitally managed value chain. Existing studies indicate two gaps in the research of the digitisation of CCI experiencing crucial changes in digitisation and especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic2 . First, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how the two macro-trends of agglomeration and digitalisation in CCIs are related to each other, for example leaving it open whether agglomeration offers support in digitalising enterprises. Second, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how digitalisation and especially digitalisation in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic affects the strongly agglomerating CC enterprises. For example, it is unclear whether it initiates a structural change within strongly agglomerated CC enterprises. This interim report offers an account of the changing entrepreneurship patterns of agglomerated CC enterprises located in gentrifying urban neighbourhoods. This interim report serves as an input to the next report D4.5 which pays particular attention to the new emerging business models and their intellectual property (IP) issues. It also provides the scoping input for WP4, considering that one of the goals of the reCreating Europe consortium is to understand what constitutes a proper balance between copyright protection and limitations if the purpose is stimulating creativity and diffusion. Please note: a screen-reader accessible version of this report can be downloaded via this linkhttps://docs.google.com/uc?export=download&id=10CFiRzgpatZbVRuC9_KhVtc0ml4_G-gI

Für Forschende ist es essenziell wichtig, die eigenen Praktiken zu reflektieren und das Einhalten wissenschaftlicher Standards kritisch zu beurteilen. In diesem Beitrag unterziehen wir den Status qualitativer Forschung und genauer Trends mit Blick auf Stichprobengrößen in der Organisationswissenschaft einer kritischen Prüfung. Organisationsforscher/innen, die zu Studien veröffentlichen, in denen qualitative Interviews zum Einsatz kamen, sind kontinuierlich mit der Frage konfrontiert, welche Zahl an Interviews ausreichend ist. Um Trends hierzu einschätzen zu können, haben wir Veröffentlichungen zu 855 Interview-basierten Studien über elf Jahre gesichtet. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass die Zahl der geführten Interviews über die Jahre relativ hoch zu sein scheint: Insgesamt wurden in 8% unseres Samples über 100 Interviews, in 34% über 50 Interviews und in 62% über 30 Interviews geführt. Zugleich geht die Erhöhung der Zahl an Interviews mit einem Rückgang homogener Stichproben einher. In unserem Beitrag diskutieren wir mögliche Gründe für diese aktuelle Problemlage., It is essential for scholars to reflect on their research practices and critically assess scientific rigor. In the current article, we aim to critically review the state of qualitative research in organization studies by focusing on trends in sample sizes. Organizational scholars presenting qualitative, interview-based manuscripts tend to face the ongoing challenge of how many interviews are enough. The research reported in this article, covering 11 years and investigating 855 interview-based studies, provides empirical evidence that, across the years, the number of interviews seems to be rather high. The total sample included studies with more than 100 interviews (8% of the sample), more than 50 interviews (34%) and studies with more than 30 interviews (62%). Furthermore, when studies start to increase in sample size, they often do so at the expense of homogeneity across respondents. We conclude by giving some possible explanations for why we are facing such a situation today.

Tuginedes erinevate teadusfilosoofiliste paradigmade (modernistlik, sümbolistlik ja postmodernistlik) sünteesile on doktoritöö eesmärgiks välja töötada teoreetiline raamistik organisatsioonilise kontrolli mõistmiseks Tartu Ülikooli näitel. Antud eesmärgist kantuna, esimene ehk teoreetiline peatükk hõlmab organisatsioonilise kontrolli alaste käsitluste teadusfilosoofilist korrastamist paradigmade lõikes. Viimast silmas pidades tekib teoreetilises osas kontrollialase kirjanduse süstematiseerimine, mis annab lugejale ülevaatliku pildi sellest, kuidas vastavalt omaksvõetud teadusparadigmale on teadlased seni kontrolli olemust ja toimimist mõistnud. Teine ehk empiiriline peatükk rakendab kolme paradigmat Tartu Ülikooli juhtimisreformi uurimisel ning kolmas peatükk, sünteesides nii teoreetilist kui empiirilist peatükki kujundab metatasandil teoreetilise raamistiku organisatsioonilise kontrolli paremaks mõistmiseks. Doktoritöö tulemusena ilmnes, kuidas organisatsioonilise kontrolli loomus sõltub suuresti tekkinud dominantsetest diskursustest ülikoolis. Doktoritööst selgus, kuidas sisuliselt juhtimisreformi raames tekkinud diskursused keskendusid olemasolevate tähenduste hoidmisele (nt identiteediküsimused), samas põrkuvad otsese vajadusega harjunud tähendusi muuta (nt harjutamine valdkonnapõhise identiteedi vormis mõtlemisega). Kokkuvõttes tõi doktoritöö välja, kuidas olulised muutused ülikoolis ei ole mitte pelgalt komplekssed, vaid tulenevalt ülikoolide traditsioonilisest töökorraldusest sageli ka poliitilistel võimumängudel baseeruvad. Kuna suuremastaabilisi muudatusi juhitakse tsentraalselt tippjuhtkonna poolt, siis võib muudatuste taga peituv argumentatsioon tavatöötajast kaugele jääda. Seetõttu, kuigi muudatuste mõju on hilisemalt kõigile tuntav, ent vähese dialoogi tekkimise tõttu loob see viljaka pinnase ebakindlust ja ärevust sütitavate ning organisatsioonilist kontrolli haarata püüdvate dominantsete diskursuste tekkeks., The aim of the thesis is to offer a framework of organisational control that bases itself on the synthesis of multiple paradigms (modernism, symbolism and postmodernism) on the example of University of Tartu. That said, chapter one will tackle with complex nature of organisational control by mapping the fragmentation of existing control studies, then bringing out the essence of control via multiple paradigms in theory. Second chapter bases itself on multiparadigm research, which applies multiple paradigms witnessed in literature to study organisational control in university management. Finally, metaparadigm theory building chapter can be regarded as a conclusion and discussion that summarises both theoretical and empirical study in order to provide novel theoretical insights at the metalevel. Dissertation led to show how organisational control manifests in finding a strategic fit between sensegiving and sensemaking, a process, which is facilitated and negotiated by a paradox of sensekeeping and sensebreaking. By coupling sensekeeping with sensebreaking results in a paradox or a contradictory state of affairs where at one side there might be a need for a change, possibly with great reasons, yet from another side, these reasons or explanations are not strong enough to undermine the need to keep existing arrangements as they are. According to empirical phases of the thesis, strategic change processes tend to be not only highly complex and politically laden (since they have a great effect of large parts of the organisation), but due to the fact that as a rule they are driven by upper level managers, the communication over the argumentation for and about the essence of the change may stand too far from the organisational members (interpretive realities). Thus, as fundamental change in organisation has wide effects to many, yet the change process is usually managed by few there are lot of hidden possibilities of resistance and dominating discourses to emerge as an attempt to seek organisational control over the perceived uncertainties.

Previous studies show that micro and small enterprises in creative and cultural industries (CCIs) tend to be influenced by physical co-location – the agglomeration. A high level of agglomeration is, however, in many senses the opposite to digitalisation: there is a contrast between operating an enterprise based on face-to-face contacts and physical attendance and operating one based on digital contacts and a digitally managed value chain. Existing studies indicate two gaps in the research of the digitisation of CCI experiencing crucial changes in digitisation and especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic2 . First, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how the two macro-trends of agglomeration and digitalisation in CCIs are related to each other, for example leaving it open whether agglomeration offers support in digitalising enterprises. Second, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how digitalisation and especially digitalisation in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic affects the strongly agglomerating CC enterprises. For example, it is unclear whether it initiates a structural change within strongly agglomerated CC enterprises. This interim report offers an account of the changing entrepreneurship patterns of agglomerated CC enterprises located in gentrifying urban neighbourhoods. This interim report serves as an input to the next report D4.5 which pays particular attention to the new emerging business models and their intellectual property (IP) issues. It also provides the scoping input for WP4, considering that one of the goals of the reCreating Europe consortium is to understand what constitutes a proper balance between copyright protection and limitations if the purpose is stimulating creativity and diffusion. Please note: a screen-reader accessible version of this report can be downloaded via this link https://docs.google.com/uc?export=download&id=10CFiRzgpatZbVRuC9_KhVtc0ml4_G-gI

Student satellite projects are a widely used measure for introducing the space technology industry to students as potential future workforce, entrepreneurs and innovators. This study presents factors encouraging the creation of space industry startups from student satellite projects. Between April 2018 and June 2018, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with the alumni of the student satellite project ESTCube-1 and Aalto Satellite Program (satellites Aalto-1 and Aalto-2), who started their own companies during or after their participation in these satellite projects. In this study, student entrepreneurship is being studied through the following factors previously outlined in university spin-off related research – assets related to intellectual property, knowledge and social capital, and additionally personal characteristics relevant to entrepreneurship. The results showed that the capabilities of student satellite projects depend on access to relevant human capital and the objectives of the projects. Currently the capabilities of these projects in terms of innovation and spin-off creation are limited. Nevertheless, by supporting the sustainable growth of student satellite projects and student's personal growth, student's evolvement from being entrepreneurial to becoming entrepreneurs can encourage the creation of spin-offs, and therefore help along with emergence of new technology companies. The results also showed that students' and alumni as agents can help to supplement the missing gap of science and entrepreneurship.