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Our purpose is to illustrate the radiological aspects of the annular pancreas as an etiology of duodenal obstruction in infants. We report the case of a 4-month-old girl, who was admitted to our department with postprandial vomiting evolving since birth. The initial examination found a severely dehydrated patient. Abdominal ultrasound showed gross dilatation of the stomach and duodenum, it also showed pancreatic tissue surrounding the duodenum, suggesting a diagnosis of annular pancreas as the cause of the duodenal obstruction. Post-contrast abdominal CT showed the gastric and duodenal dilatation, and a ring of pancreatic tissue surrounding uncompletly the second portion of the duodenum. The patient underwent a bypass surgery which consisted in a duodeno-duodenostomy with simple post-operative follow-up and no recurrence of digestive symptoms. Annular pancreas is a rare pathology to be sought in neonatal obstruction. A good knowledge of radiological semiology is essential for a good diagnostic approach. However, surgery is the only effective way to diagnose and treat this pathology., (© 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

We report the case of a 2.5-year-old child admitted for abdominal distension, whose imaging revealed a large posterior mediastinal cystic mass, with a tissue component, a calcification, and a minimal fat component. The ultrasound- guided biopsy led to the diagnosis of a benign extragonadal germ cell tumor, also called mature teratoma or dermoid cyst, whose mediastinal localization is rare, often localized in the anterior mediastinum, and rarely in the posterior mediastinum. The mainstay of treatment is complete surgical excision., (© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

The hydatid disease is an anthropozoonose caused in humans by a larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. Adrenal gland is a rare and unsymptomatic site. We illustrate the case of a 46-year-old patient, admitted for left hypochondrial pain with back radiation. The CT reveals a multiloculated, cystic mass on the left adrenal gland, which contains septae and a calcified wall., (© 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Primary intracranial germ cell tumors are rare, often affecting children and young patients. Germinomas are the most common type of germ cell tumors. We present the case of a 10-year-old child, who was admitted with decreased visual acuity, asthenia, polyuro-polydipsic syndrome, and gait disorder. His biological assessment showed an hypocortisolemia and diabetes insipidus. Imaging found a bifocal process in the suprasellar and pineal region, suggestive of a bifocal germinoma. Imaging data and the positivity of human chorionic gonadotrophin in the cerebrospinal fluid were in favor of the diagnosis of bifocal germinal tumor confirmed by biopsy. Currently the patient is hospitalized in pediatric oncology department. The diagnosis of germ cell tumors is based on imaging, tumor marker assays, and biopsy. They are treated by radiation therapy alone or in combination with reduction chemotherapy, and surgery for tumor residues. The location of the tumor usually makes surgery difficult., (© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Hemangioma of the facial sinuses is a rare pathology, and given the lack of clinical specificity, the differential diagnosis with a malignant lesion often arises. We report the case of a 32-year-old patient who consulted for recurrent epistaxis of moderate severity. The preoperative diagnosis of a hemangioma of the left maxillary sinus was based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data, confirmed by the anatomopathological study of the surgical specimen, preceded by an embolization that facilitated the endoscopic surgical excision., (© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

A brown tumor is a non-neoplastic lesion resulting from an abnormality of bone metabolism in the context of hyperparathyroidism. We report the case of a 51-year-old woman who initially consulted for edentulism and a growing mandibular mass. She benefited from a radiological and biological assessment which made the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism combined with a parathyroid adenoma. We remind through this observation the difficulty to establish a correct diagnosis in patients with an osteolytic process of the maxilla and the necessity to look for hyperparathyroidism in front of a giant cell lesion given the insidious character of this endocrinopathy., (© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Thymoma is a rare tumor arising from the epithelium of the thymus gland and is usually located in the anterior mediastinum. Ectopic thymoma is very rare and can be located in the neck, trachea, lung, and pleura. Through this manuscript, we report a rare case of a 50-year-old woman presenting with dyspnea and recurrent pleural effusion. Her computed tomography of the thorax showed a unilateral left pleural mass. Biopsy of the pleural mass confirmed the diagnosis of pleural thymoma and she was started on chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported pleural thymoma in our region., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Esophageal granular cell tumors (GCTs), or also called Abrikossoff's tumor are rare benign tumors originating from Schwann cells most commonly found in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and tongue. Approximately 5% -8% arise in the gastrointestinal tract, and one-third of these tumors arise in the esophagus [1]. This neoplasm has a benign behavior usually, but there have been described a malignant transformation in 2% -3% of the cases. Herein, we discuss a case of a 70-year-old male patient with no pathological background, admitted for dysphagia evolving in 3 months that was explored with endoscopy and CT, the diagnosis at this level was challenging but the histopathology and Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of granular cells thus confirm the diagnosis. The purpose of our work is to report the uncommon evolution of an Abrikossoff 's tumor located in the esophagus, as a warning of the possible malignant transformation of this tumor mostly benign; also we made a review of the literature., (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm is very rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature. The clinical presentations are varied, ranging from an incidental radiological finding to a cataclysmic rupture leading to hemorrhagic shock. Thus, a quick treatment is indicated upon diagnosis. Therapeutic options are various including surgical resection, stent grafting with percutaneous embolization of feeding vessel or transtarterial embolization. Herein we describe a case of an incidental mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm in a 63-year-old man, managed by transtarterial embolization., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Pilomatrixoma is a rare benign skin tumor originating from piliferous follicles, corresponding to a firm subcutaneous nodule requiring histology for diagnosis. Breast localization is considered to be very rare . Only few breast pilomatricomas have been reported, with imaging showing well defined nodules with microcalcifications, presenting as ACR BI-RADS 4 and 5, suspicious for a breast neoplasm . We report a case of pilomatrixoma of the left breast of a 33 year old woman, appearing as a firm, deep nodule in the lower outer quadrant.The lesion had mammographic and sonographic finding mimiking a breast cancer. Percutaneous biopsy was performed to confirm the histological diagnosis., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Proliferative myositis is a rre benign pseudosarcomatous inflammatory process that rapidly grows in muscles. Its clinical and radiological features may, however, simulate a malignant tumor. We report ultrasound and MRI appearances of a 63 years-old woman with no significant anterior pathological history presented to our radiology department with two weeks history of a painful mass in the left musculus latissimus dorsi, increasing progressively in size, without history of recent trauma. This study describes the imaging features of these pseudo inflammatory process, which may help to suggest the diagnosis, but the imaging finding are variable and nonspecific. However, histopathological examination is usually recommended to confirm the diagnosis. In our case, the final diagnosis was proved by ultrasound-guided biopsy. We also review the imaging features of this entity in the current literature., (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign and locally invasive mesenchymal tumor that is found most frequently in women at reproductive age. We report typical CT and MRI appearances of a 36-year old young woman with an aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis and perineum that was proved by ultrasound guided biopsy.This study describe the imaging features of theses tumors,wich may help to approch the diagnosis by their distinctive imaging with high signal intensity on T2-weighted image related to the myxomatous stroma and their characteristic of swirling or layering internal pattern after intravenous gadolinium contrast administration.We also review the CT and MRI features of this disease in the current literature., (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerged pandemic disease caused by a new coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2). Initially the mortality of this infection are related to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, but several publications also showed that this infection caused an inflammatory response with severe systemic complications [1]. Venous thromboembolism has been shown to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19, both in the general inpatient and in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting, and even in patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation [2]. We report the case of an adult patient who presented a cavernous sinus thrombosis during his hospitalization for COVID-19., (© 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the first effective approved treatment for reducing ischemic stroke disability, and having a stroke within 3 months is usually a contraindication to thrombolysis. In this paper, we describe the case of a 58-year-old patient who received repeated intravenous thrombolysis at 10 days interval for a recurrent ischemic stroke, with dramatic improvement. The carotid diaphragm was behind this recurrent stroke and it was treated by stenting., (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

Optic nerve tuberculoma is a rare extra-pulmonary manifestation of mycobacterial infection. It is usually associated with HIV infected patients. Due to its clinical polymorphism, the diagnosis and management of the disease either in immunocompetent patients and immunocompromised ones remains challenging. Herein, we discuss a case of a 32-year-old patient with no history of immunodeficiency admitted for multifocal tuberculosis with a reduced visual acuity as an extra-pulmonary manifestation, and radiologically revealed the presence of tuberculoma in the optic nerve in the cerebral MRI., (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

The trachea is an unusual site οf primary malignancy. Very few cases οf primary tracheal lymphοma with central airway οbstructiοn have been repοrted sο far. Cοmmοn cοmplaints are dyspnea and cοugh that cοuld mimic a partially refractοry asthma in sοme cases. In this article; we will present the case οf a 63-year-οld wοman diagnοsed with a tracheal lymphοma causing life-threatening airway οbstructiοn, this was cοnfirmed by brοnchοscοpy biοpsy and histοpathοlοgical exminatiοn. The mοrtality depends οn the prοgressiοn οf the disease, the οbstructiοn οf the airway. Hοwever, this entity has a gοοd prοgnοsis if diagnοsed immediately and treated with specific chemοtherapy. This case will shοw that the diagnοsis οf tracheal lymphοma shοuld be kept in mind within the differential diagnοsis οf central airway οbstructiοn., Competing Interests: This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. We have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2020 The Authors.)