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9. Refugee Young People (Re)forming Identities: The Role of Social Networks

Author

Langat, Kiprono, Major, Jae, and Wilkinson, Jane

Abstract

Educational contexts around the world are increasingly characterized by diversity, including a rise in students from refugee backgrounds. Much research has focused on the educational needs of these students and the particular struggles they experience in educational contexts. The increasing number of refugee and asylum-seeking children in Australia calls for rethinking approaches to enhance the acculturation process in ways that build on individuals' prior knowledge and understanding of self. This paper draws on data from a larger case study that focused on Sudanese young people in regional Australia and investigated their out-of-school activities, networks, and practices and how these contributed to their success across a range of contexts. Drawing on perspectives of identity and theories of social capital, we discuss the role of social networks in generating social capital and what this means in terms of the (re)formation of students' identities in regional locations, and we consider how this can contribute to educational success. We suggest that the resources in regional areas present both a challenge and an opportunity for young former-refugee people in terms of repositioning themselves in new social, cultural, and educational contexts. The paper examines how the young people developed their own momentum, rationality, and legitimacy in their identity (re)formation, and suggests that educational settings need to connect with and understand young people's out-of-school resources to avoid deficit narratives that lead to poor educational outcomes.

Published
2019

17. Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals the circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in Nairobi and neighboring counties, Kenya between March and July 2021

Author

Khamadi, Samoel Ashimosi, Opanda, Silvanos, Symekher, Samwel Lifumo, Limbaso, Samson Konongoi, Langat, Solomon, Cirindi, Josyline Kaburi, Mwangi, Milkah, Mwikwabe, Nicholas, Okeyo, Seth, Koskei, Edith, Mutisya, James, Owaka, Samwel, Nyunja, Albert, Koka, Hellen, Wadegu, Meshack, Chitechi, Esther, Achilla, Rachel, Majanja, Janet Masitsa, Kanyara, Lucy, Amukoye, Evans, and Bulimo, Wallace

Published
2022
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20. Evaluating the effectiveness of the Kidogo model in empowering women and strengthening their capacities to engage in paid labor opportunities through the provision of quality childcare: a study protocol for an exploratory study in Nakuru County, Kenya

Author

Okelo, Kenneth, Nampijja, Margaret, Ilboudo, Patrick, Muendo, Ruth, Oloo, Linda, Muyingo, Sylvia, Mwaniki, Elizabeth, Langat, Nelson, Onyango, Silas, Sipalla, Florence, and Kitsao-Wekulo, Patricia

Published
2022
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31. Evidence That Classroom-Based Behavioral Interventions Reduce Pregnancy-Related School Dropout among Nairobi Adolescents

Author

Sarnquist, Clea, Sinclair, Jake, Omondi Mboya, Benjamin, Langat, Nickson, Paiva, Lee, Halpern-Felsher, Bonnie, Golden, Neville H., Maldonado, Yvonne A., and Baiocchi, Michael T.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of behavioral, empowerment-focused interventions on the incidence of pregnancy-related school dropout among girls in Nairobi's informal settlements. Method: Retrospective data on pregnancy-related school dropout from two cohorts were analyzed using a matched-pairs quasi-experimental design. The primary outcome was the change in the number of school dropouts due to pregnancy from 1 year before to 1 year after the interventions. Results: Annual incidence of school dropout due to pregnancy decreased by 46% in the intervention schools (from 3.9% at baseline to 2.1% at follow-up), whereas the comparison schools remained essentially unchanged (p < 0.029). Sensitivity analysis shows that the findings are robust to small levels of unobserved bias. Conclusions: Results suggest that these behavioral interventions significantly reduced the number of school dropouts due to pregnancy. As there are limited promising studies on behavioral interventions that decrease adolescent pregnancy in low-income settings, this intervention may be an important addition to this toolkit.

Published
2017
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39. Anti-plasmodial limonoids from Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC.

Author

Obbo, Christopher J.D., Mwangi, Elizabeth M., Kariuki, Samuel T., Gathirwa, Jeremiah W., Fairhurst, Kate J., Burkhard, Anna Y., Fidock, David A., Sadgrove, Nicholas, Langat, Moses K., Mas-Claret, Eduard, and Mulholland, Dulcie A.

Abstract

The seeds of Khaya anthotheca , (Welv.) yielded two undescribed limonoids, 1α,7α-diacetoxyhavanensin-16-one (1) and 3α,7α-diacetoxyhavanensin-16-one (2), as well as three known limonoids, khayanthone (3), 3,7-di- O -acetyl-14,15-deoxyhavanensin (4) and 1,7-di- O -acetyl-14,15-deoxyhavanensin (5). The antiplasmodial activities of the CH 2 Cl 2 extract and the pure compounds were evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum (Dd2-B2 strain). Khayanthone (3) showed the highest activity of all the compounds isolated in this study, with an IC 50 of 1.32 µg/mL. [Display omitted] • Two undescribed havanensin derivatives along with three known limonoids were isolated from the seeds of Khaya anthotheca. • The extract and the pure compounds were evaluated for antiplasmodial activity. • Khayanthone showed moderate activity against Plasmodium falciparum (Dd2-B2 strain). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Empowerment Transformation Training Reduces Rape Among Girls and Young Women in South Sudan and the Kakuma Refugee Camp.

Author

Wheeler, Lorey A., Edwards, Katie M., Omondi, Benjamin, Kaeke, Beth, Ndirangu, Martin, Sinclair, Jake, and Langat, Nickson

Abstract

Rape occurs at high rates in South Sudan and Kakuma refugee camps, a region characterized by armed conflict, gender inequity, and economic crisis. To date, we know little about how to prevent rape in this region of the world. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine outcomes of Empowerment Transformation Training (ETT) (an adapted empowerment self-defense program; empowerment self-defense) among female participants in South Sudan and the Kakuma refugee camp. Schools were assigned to the treatment (ETT) condition (n = 7) or control (life skills) condition (n = 9) and used as the unit of analysis given the cluster-randomized design. Female participants anonymously completed a baseline (T1) and 12-month follow-up (T2) paper and pencil survey. Annual rape victimization rates decreased from 10.7% to 5.5% in the ETT schools (risk ratio [ RR ] = 0.51); there was no change in the control schools (10.0%–9.0%). Empowerment Transformation Training (ETT) schools had increased confidence at T2 (T1: 42.4%; T2: 75.4%; RR = 1.79) and greater rates of confidence at T2 compared to control schools (54.3%; RR = 1.39). Knowledge of effective self-defense strategies (T2) was greater for ETT schools (47.4%) compared to control schools (30.1%) (RR = 1.57). The ETT program reduced rates of rape, increased confidence, disclosures of rape (among victims), and knowledge of effective self-defense strategies. Empowerment self-defense programs are a critical component to rape prevention across global communities, including those characterized by armed conflict, gender inequity, and economic crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. School-to-University Pathways: Enhancing Access and Participation in Higher Education for Refugee-Background Students

Author

Wilkinson, Jane, Langat, Kiprono, Naidoo, Loshini, Adoniou, Misty, and Cunneen, Rachel

Abstract

The School to University Pathways for Refugee Students (SUPRS) project was a two-year case study conducted with seven schools and three universities across urban and regional Australia that investigated the enablers and constraints faced by refugee background students transitioning from high school to university. Focus groups and interviews with refugee students, school and university staff explored students' experiences of transition from school to university and their university experiences. Findings suggest the need for schools and universities to reconceptualise transition as a holistic process which extends beyond classroom walls, encompasses assistance and targeted support at individual and systemic levels, and builds on the resilience and assets refugee students bring to learning.

Published
2016

44. Undescribed 2-quinolines, onanaenine A and B, from Cameroonian Vepris onanae (Rutaceae).

Author

Olaranont, Yanisa, Cheek, Martin, Mas-Claret, Eduard, Prescott, Thomas A.K., Onana, Jean Michel, and Langat, Moses K.

Abstract

Leaves of herbarium specimen material of Vepris onanae , collected in Cameroon, have yielded two undescribed 2-quinolines, onanaenine A (1) and onanaenine B (2), alongside the known 6,7-dimethoxy- N -methylflindersine (3), evoxanthine (4), 6-methoxy-tecleanthine (5) and polybotrin. Compounds 1 and 2 were not cytotoxic against FM55 melanoma cells at a concentration up to 200 µM, and they did not show signs of stimulating fibroblast skin cells at concentrations, up to 20 µM. Vepris onanae, the source of the two new 2-quinoline alkaloids, is at high risk of extinction, being near-endemic to the threatened Bali-Ngemba forest of NW Region Cameroon. Bali Ngemba has already seen the global extinction of Vepris bali , before it could be researched for new compounds. [Display omitted] • 2-Quinolines, onanaenine A and B were isolated from Vepris onanae. • Onanaenine A and B were not cytotoxic against FM55 melanoma cells at < 200 µM. • Onanaenine A and B did not stimulate fibroblast skin cells at < 20 µM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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45. Sudanese Young People of Refugee Background in Rural and Regional Australia: Social Capital and Education Success

Author

Major, Jae, Wilkinson, Jane, Langat, Kip, and Santoro, Ninetta

Abstract

This article discusses literature pertaining to the settlement of African refugees in regional and rural Australia, particularly focusing on the specific challenges and opportunities faced by Sudanese young people of refugee background in education. Drawing on a pilot study of the out-of-school resources of regionally located young Sudanese students, we discuss the role of social and other capitals in generating conditions that may facilitate educational success for these students. We argue the case for educational research that takes into account the resources and capital upon which Sudanese young people of refugee background and their families draw in order to achieve in education.

Published
2013

50. Maternal colonization with Streptococcus agalactiae and associated stillbirth and neonatal disease in coastal Kenya

Author

Seale, Anna C., Koech, Angela C., Sheppard, Anna E., Barsosio, Hellen C., Langat, Joyce, Anyango, Emily, Mwakio, Stella, Mwarumba, Salim, Morpeth, Susan C., Anampiu, Kirimi, Vaughan, Alison, Giess, Adam, Mogeni, Polycarp, Walusuna, Leahbell, Mwangudzah, Hope, Mwanzui, Doris, Salim, Mariam, Kemp, Bryn, Jones, Caroline, Mturi, Neema, Tsofa, Benjamin, Mumbo, Edward, Mulewa, David, Bandika, Victor, Soita, Musimbi, Owiti, Maureen, Onzere, Norris, Walker, A. Sarah, Schrag, Stephanie J., Kennedy, Stephen H., Fegan, Greg, Crook, Derrick W., and Berkley, James A.

Published
2016
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