1. Gut microbiota limits heavy metals burden caused by chronic oral exposure
- Author
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Mathieu Sauty, Bruno Pot, Stéphanie Pothion, Benoît Foligné, Patrick Thomas, Catherine Daniel, Nathalie Froux, Jérôme Breton, Joëlle Dewulf, Lactic Acid Bacteria & Mucosal Immunity - CIIL, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transgenèse et archivage d'animaux modèles (TAAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), The present study was performed in the context of a French multidisciplinary project called 'Mélodie-Reve' (Métaux lourds, désordres immunitaires et écotoxicologie intestinale – (bio)-Remédiation in vivo, standing for: Heavy metals, immune disorders and intestinal Ecotoxicology – in vivo (bio)-remediation), and supported by the National Research Agency (ANR-09-CES-016)., ANR-09-CESA-0016,MELODIE-REVE,Métaux Lourds, Désordres Immunitaires Ecotoxicologie Intestinale & (bio)- Remédiation in Vivo: Evaluation des impacts et traitements potentiels(2009), Department of Bio-engineering Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
- Subjects
Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development ,Bioavailability ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Administration, Oral ,Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ,Stimulation ,010501 environmental sciences ,Gut flora ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,Intestinal absorption ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cadmium Chloride ,Tissue Distribution ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Specific-pathogen-free ,0303 health sciences ,Gastrointestinal tract ,biology ,Cadmium Poisoning/blood ,General Medicine ,Environmental exposure ,3. Good health ,Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ,Intestines ,Lead/administration & dosage ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,Cadmium Chloride/administration & dosage ,Cadmium ,Cadmium Poisoning ,mice ,Gut microbiota ,Gram-Positive Bacteria ,Intestines/drug effects ,Microbiology ,Feces/chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental Pollutants/administration & dosage ,Gram-Negative Bacteria ,Animals ,Germ-Free Life ,Specific Pathogen Free Organism ,Gram-Negative Bacteria/growth & development ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,biology.organism_classification ,Lead Poisoning ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Intestinal Absorption ,Lead ,13. Climate action ,Immunology ,Lead Poisoning/blood ,Gene expression ,Xenobiotic ,Germ-free mice ,Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism - Abstract
International audience; Environmental exposure to pollutants such as heavy metal(s) is responsible for various altered physiological functions which are detrimental for health. The gut microbiota is critical for intestinal homeostasis but its role on xenobiotic handling is not fully understood, especially when continuous sub-chronic exposure is addressed. We first confirmed the essential role of the intestinal microbiome to limit heavy metal body burden by using germ-free mice following 6-weeks oral exposure. Significant increases of cadmium and lead absorption and dissemination in blood and target organs were measured in germ-free mice when compared with conventional specific pathogen free (SPF) mice. Besides the “barrier” function of the luminal microbiota, this may involve specific host-genes such as metallothioneins, which are differentially expressed in the gastrointestinal tract of each group of mice. Considering genes relevant for divalent metal transporters and oxidative pathways, significant differences in basal gene expression were measured between control and germ-free mice. Moreover, the magnitude of induction of these genes upon stimulation by heavy metals varied greatly depending on the dose and type of metal as well as the microbial status of the animal. Collectively, these data illustrate the complex host-microbes interplay occurring with environmental pollutants inside the gut.
- Published
- 2013