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The undulator is a key luminous component of the Shanghai high repetition rate x-ray free electron laser and extreme light facility, and the motion control system is an important part of the undulator. The main task of the motion control system is to complete the high precision adjustment of the gap and taper between the upper magnetic pole girder and lower magnetic pole girder, so as to adjust the wavelength of the radiation light. According to the development requirements of the motion control system for the U26 undulator, which is a conventional permanent magnet, this paper proposes a new motion control system with double position feedback closed-loop control, including programmable logic controller (PLC) closed-loop control based on position feedback by a linear absolute encoder (LAE) and driver closed-loop control based on position feedback by a rotary absolute encoder (RAE) of a servo motor. Multiple motion tests of the U26 undulator have shown that the repeatability accuracy of the gap is ±50 nm and the gap drive can reach 0.1 µm step size, the error of which is about ±20 nm according to the feedback of the LAE. The conclusion can be drawn that the motion step size and repeatability accuracy of the motion control system for the U26 undulator are improved by one order of magnitude on the basis of meeting all technical requirements. At the same time, motor torque protection, motor temperature protection, and redundant position protection with RAE can further improve the reliability and safety of the motion control system for the U26 undulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) have great value in the prevention and effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Our purpose in this study was to summarize present research trends and future directions regarding the link between TCEs and CVD by bibliometrics analysis. We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for all original articles and reviews on TCEs for CVD published in English before August 7, 2022 using CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and Microsoft Excel 2019 software, and we displayed the results in the form of network maps, line graphs, and tables. We initially obtained 725 articles. Our results showed that the United States was the most influential country in this line of research, with Harvard University the most prolific institution in the field, and, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine was the most productive journal for these articles. The highest-frequency keywords in this research area were Tai Chi, exercise, blood pressure, quality of life, and older adult. Additionally, important research topics included heart rate variability, quality of life, meta-analysis, Baduanjin exercise, and breathing exercise. In addition, our results revealed that among all the TCEs, Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Qigong emerged as the most extensively studied. However, it's important to note our exclusive focus on literature published in English may have led to our missing important results. Future investigators should broaden their search to include other databases and languages to present a still more comprehensive overview of this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can improve the quality of life of patients with kidney disease and prolong survival. However, peritoneal fibrosis can often occur and lead to PD withdrawal. Therefore, it is imperative to better understand how to inhibit and slow down progression of peritoneal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of Saikosaponin d (SSD), a monomer extracted from the plant Bupleurum, on peritoneal fibrosis and the contribution of TGFβ1/BMP7/Gremlin1 pathway cross-talk in this process. To this aim, we used a model 5/6 nephrectomy and peritoneal fibrosis in rats. Rats were divided into four groups, namely a control group (saline administration); a model group (dialysate administration; group M); a SSD group (dialysate and SSD administration); and a positive drug group (dialysate and Benazepril Hydrochloride administration; group M + A). Histological analysis indicated that peritoneal fibrosis occurred in all groups. WB, ELISA, and PCR essays suggested that TGFβ1 and Gremlin1 levels in group M were significantly higher than those in group C, whereas BMP7 expression was significantly lower. TGFβ1, Gremlin1 and BMP7 levels were significantly lower in the group where SSD was administered than in the other groups. The expression of BMP7 in SSD group was significantly increased. In addition, levels of Smad1/5/8 as assessed by PCR, and levels of p-Smad1/5/8 expression as assessed by WB were also significantly higher in the SSD group than in the M group. Expression of vimentin and α-SMA, two important markers of fibrosis, was also significantly decreased. Our study suggests a role for the TGFβ1/BMP7/Gremlin1/Smad pathway in peritoneal fibrosis with potential therapeutic implications. Finally, our results also suggest that the monomer SSD may be able to reverse peritoneal fibrosis via regulation of the TGFβ1/BMP7/Gremlin1/Smad pathway.

Glycogen branching enzyme (GBE1) is a critical gene that participates in regulating glycogen metabolism. However, the correlations between GBE1 expression and the prognosis and tumor-associated macrophages in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) also remain unclear. Herein, we firstly analyzed the expression level of GBE1 in LUAD tissues and adjacent lung tissues via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The effect of GBE1 on prognosis was estimated by utilizing TCGA database and the PrognoScan database. The relationships between the clinical characteristics and GBE1 expression were evaluated via TCGA database. We then investigated the relationships between GBE1 and infiltration of immune cells in LUAD by utilizing the CIBERSORT algorithm and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. In addition, we used a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 92 LUAD tissues and 88 adjacent lung tissues with immunohistochemistry staining to verify the association between GBE1 expression and clinical characteristics, as well as the immune cell infiltrations. We found the expression level of GBE1 was significantly higher in LUAD tissues. High expression of GBE1 was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) in LUAD. In addition, high expression of GBE1 was correlated with advanced T classification, N classification, M classification, TNM stage, and lower grade. Moreover, GBE1 was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in LUAD. In conclusion, the expression of GBE1 is associated with the prognosis and CD163+ tumor-associated macrophage infiltration in LUAD, suggesting that it has potential to be prognostic and immunological biomarkers in LUAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the previous evidence showing that SHC adaptor protein 1 (SHC1) could encode three distinct isoforms (p46SHC, p52SHC and p66SHC) that function in different activities such as regulating life span and Ras activation, the precise underlying role of SHC1 in lung cancer also remains obscure. In this study, we firstly found that SHC1 expression was up‐regulated both in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tissues. Furthermore, compared to patients with lower SHC1 expression, LUAD patients with higher expression of SHC1 had poorer overall survival (OS). Moreover, higher expression of SHC1 was also associated with worse OS in patients with stages 1 and 2 but not stage 3 lung cancer. Significantly, the analysis showed that SHC1 methylation level was associated with OS in lung cancer patients. It seemed that the methylation level at specific probes within SHC1 showed negative correlations with SHC1 expression both in LUAD and in LUSC tissues. The LUAD and LUSC patients with hypermethylated SHC1 at cg12473916 and cg19356022 probes had a longer OS. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that SHC1 has a potential clinical significance in LUAD and LUSC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase (CAMKs) can control a wide range of cancer‐related functions in multiple tumour types. Herein, we explore the expressions and clinical significances of calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase 1 (CAMK1) in pancreatic cancer (PC). The expression of CAMK1 in PC was analysed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA 2) database and the Oncomine database. For further validation, the protein level of CAMK1 in PC tissues was also detected in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and the tissue microarray (TMA)‐based immunohistochemistry (IHC). GEPIA 2 and Kaplan‐Meier Plotter (KM Plotter) databases were used to explore the prognostic significances of CAMK1 in overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of PC at mRNA level. The relationship between CAMK1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of PC was further explored. Additionally, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database was used to analyse protein‐protein interactions (PPI). We found CAMK1 was highly expressed in PC both in bioinformatics analyses and TMA‐IHC results. The prognostic analyses from the public databases also showed consistent results with follow‐up data. The PPI network suggested that CALM1, CALM3, CREB1, CALM2, SYN1, NOS3, ATF1, GAPDH, PPM1F and FBXL12 were important significant genes associated with CAMK1. Our finding revealed CAMK1 has prognostic value in PC patients, suggesting that CAMK1 may has a distinct role in PC patients and can be used as a candidate marker for investigating clinical prognosis of PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have achieved favorable responses in patients with hematologic malignancies, but the outcome has been far from satisfactory in the treatment of tumors with high expression of immunosuppressive molecules. To overcome this limitation, we modified CAR T cells to secrete types of human soluble programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) called sPD-1 CAR T cells. To compare the effector function between second (conventional second-generation CAR targeting CD19) and sPD-1 CAR T cells, we measured cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion and activation markers incubated with or without tumor cells expressing CD19 and/or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Furthermore, the anti-tumor efficacy of second and sPD-1 CAR T cells was determined using an NSG mouse model bearing NALM-6-PD-L1. Finally, the underlying mechanism was investigated by metabolic parameters and RNA sequencing analysis of different CAR T cells. Compared with second CAR T cells, sPD-1 CAR T cells enhanced killing efficiency toward CD19+PD-L1+ tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore, sPD-1 CAR T cells reduced the tumor burden and prolonged overall survival of the NSG (NOD-SCID-IL2rg) mice bearing NALM-6-PD-L1. To explore the effect of soluble PD-1 on CAR T cells, we found that sPD-1 CAR T cells exhibited higher levels of activation and ameliorative profiles of differentiation, exhaustion, glycolysis and apoptosis. With constitutive soluble PD-1 secretion, sPD-1 CAR T cells have tended to eradicate tumors with a high expression of PD-L1 more effectively than second CAR T cells. This may be due to soluble PD-1 enhancing apoptosis resistance, aerobic metabolism and a more "stem" differentiation of CAR T cells. Overall, our study presents a feasible strategy to increase the efficacy of CAR T cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory in patients with pancreatic cancer (PAC). In this study, through single-cell sequencing, we identified eight cell subpopulations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Redimensional clustering of epithelial cells, myeloid cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) revealed heterogeneity in the TME of PAC. Intercellular communication analysis showed strong direct interactions between matrix CAFs, inflammatory CAFs, and epithelial cells. Additionally, we found that the SPP1-associated pathway was activated in monocytes, whereas the vascular endothelial growth factor-associated pathway was activated in epithelial cells. These results improve the understanding of the TME of pancreatic cancer and provide a foundation for further studies on intratumoral heterogeneity. In addition, differentially expressed gene secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) was identified in pancreatic cancer, and functional experiments showed that SLPI had a strong impact on cell viability and apoptosis, which offers a potential therapy target for pancreatic cancer., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Glycogen branching enzyme (GBE1) is a critical gene that participates in regulating glycogen metabolism. However, the correlations between GBE1 expression and the prognosis and tumor-associated macrophages in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) also remain unclear. Herein, we firstly analyzed the expression level of GBE1 in LUAD tissues and adjacent lung tissues via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The effect of GBE1 on prognosis was estimated by utilizing TCGA database and the PrognoScan database. The relationships between the clinical characteristics and GBE1 expression were evaluated via TCGA database. We then investigated the relationships between GBE1 and infiltration of immune cells in LUAD by utilizing the CIBERSORT algorithm and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. In addition, we used a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 92 LUAD tissues and 88 adjacent lung tissues with immunohistochemistry staining to verify the association between GBE1 expression and clinical characteristics, as well as the immune cell infiltrations. We found the expression level of GBE1 was significantly higher in LUAD tissues. High expression of GBE1 was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) in LUAD. In addition, high expression of GBE1 was correlated with advanced T classification, N classification, M classification, TNM stage, and lower grade. Moreover, GBE1 was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD163 + tumor-associated macrophages in LUAD. In conclusion, the expression of GBE1 is associated with the prognosis and CD163 + tumor-associated macrophage infiltration in LUAD, suggesting that it has potential to be prognostic and immunological biomarkers in LUAD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Liang, Lei, Liang, Du, Liu, Li, Meng, Zhou and Gao.)

To summarize the experience of 40 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE), their experiences with surgical nurses, and to explore the best nursing methods before and during IRE ablation. Preoperative visits were conducted to assess the condition of patients, and psychological counseling was subsequently given to them. All material and medication required for the operation were prepared in advance, and placed in appropriate locations. All 40 patients were treated successfully. The mean time of IRE ablation was 63.33±12.26 (range, 37-87) minutes, and mean blood loss was 2.09±0.49 (range: 1.0-2.8) mL. There were no ablation-related deaths. Skillful mastery of nanoknife usage and troubleshooting methods, intensive observation of patients' vital signs during ablation, and active cooperation with surgeons can ensure successful ablation and can reduce the influence of improper nursing during ablation on patients' prognosis.

We aimed to identify a panel of circulating plasma microRNAs that can predict EGFR mutation status and monitor epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Microarrays were performed for the preliminary screening of dysregulated microRNAs in 9 EGFR mutation-positive patients versus healthy controls. MiR-107 was upregulated and miR-195 was downregulated in the exon 19 deletion versus wild-type group. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for miR-107, miR-195, and a panel of these 2 microRNAs were 0.72, 0.75, and 0.74, with sensitivities and specificities of 64.7% and 76.6%, 71.8% and 69.1%, and 71.7% and 78.9%, respectively. MiR-122 was significantly upregulated in the p.L858R versus wild-type group. An area under the receiver operative characteristic curve of 0.75 suggests that miR-122 might be a specific biomarker for patients with the p.L858R mutation. In addition, dynamic changes in these 3 microRNAs were also found to correlate with responses to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, indicating that circulating plasma microRNAs may represent potential biomarkers for monitoring epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This study demonstrates the prospective application of circulating plasma microRNAs as potential non-invasive, convenient biomarkers for patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations.