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Purpose: To assess changes in pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to investigate sexual dimorphism in serum PEDF levels and their relationships with estradiol. Methods: A total of 318 individuals (145 men, 173 women) who underwent health examinations in our department were selected. Serum PEDF, estradiol and other metabolic parameters were determined. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA- IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated to evaluate insulin resistance and β-cell function, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyse the factors influencing serum PEDF. Results: Serum PEDF levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS in both men and women (12.09± 2.75 vs 8.97± 3.19 μg/mL in men and 11.31± 2.79 vs 8.40± 2.32 μg/mL in women, MetS vs non-MetS, P< 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that serum PEDF levels were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting and 2-h postprandial glucose, fasting and 2-h postprandial insulin, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid (UA), triacylglycerol (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Elevated ALT, HOMA-IR and TG were significant predictors of increased PEDF concentrations. In women, estradiol was inversely correlated with PEDF levels (r=− 0.25, P=0.011), and the association was no longer significant after adjustment for ALT. Conclusion: PEDF could be used as a biomarker of MetS in both men and women. This study reported for the first time that circulating PEDF displays sexual dimorphism, which could be related to estrogen. The association between estrogen and circulating PEDF levels was attenuated after adjusting for ALT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the high electrical conductivity of carbon dots (CDs) and good oxidation-reduction property of polyoxometalates (POMs), a novel CDs coated POMs /metal organic frameworks (POMOFs) composition structure, CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF, was prepared by hydrothermal reaction in this work. PMo 12 was encapsulated in the Ni-MOF framework to form the POMOF composite material, which realized the fixation of water-soluble [PMo 12 O 40 ]3- (PMo 12). A comparison study on the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) of the resulting CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF with different compositions revealed that 6CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF was better formulation in terms of specific capacity (748.8 C·g−1 at 1 A·g−1) and rate performance (75.93 % at 10 A·g−1). Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor device was assembled using 6CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF as positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode, which showed an high energy density of 39.22 Wh·kg−1 under 749.9 W·kg−1 and excellent cyclic stability (98.4 % for 20000 cycles at 5 A·g−1). [Display omitted] • Fixation of water-soluble PMo 12 was realized to form POMOF composite material. • CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF has excellent rate performance and cycle stability. • 6CDs@PMo 12 /Ni-MOF exhibits high specific capacitance and energy density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate sexual dimorphism of serum pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and its influencing factors in healthy individuals. A total of 162 healthy people (69 males, 93 females) who underwent health examinations in our department were selected. Serum PEDF, estradiol and other metabolic indices were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated to evaluate insulin resistance and β-cell function, respectively. Subjects were divided into < 50 years and ≥ 50 years groups to explore the sexual dimorphism of serum PEDF in different age groups. We found no statistically significant difference in serum PEDF levels between men and women in total. However, in the group of subjects under 50 years old, men had significantly higher PEDF levels than women (9.32 ± 2.07 μg/mL vs 8.24 ± 2.29 μg/mL, P < .05), and no sex difference was found in the ≥ 50 years group. In women, serum PEDF levels were significantly higher in subjects aged 50 years and over than in those younger than 50 years of age (9.56 ± 3.05 μg/mL vs 8.25 ± 2.30 μg/mL, P < .05). In men, there was no significant difference in serum PEDF levels between the 2 age groups. In women, correlation analysis showed that serum PEDF levels were significantly correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 2-h postprandial glucose, fasting and 2-h postprandial insulin, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, aminotransferase, triacylglycerol, and estradiol. Elevated triacylglycerol and aminotransferase and decreased estradiol were significant predictors of increased PEDF concentrations in women. There is sexual dimorphism in circulating PEDF levels, which may be related to estrogen status., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Background/aims: The present study aimed to investigate the serum levels of adiponectin (APN) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with macrovascular complications (MVC), as well as their correlation with clinical parameters., Methods: A total of 60 T2DM patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of MVC: T2DM + MVC group (n=30) and T2DM group (n=30). Additionally, 30 healthy people were selected as control group (NC group). Clinical data and biological parameters were detected and recorded. T test was performed to compare the differences between two groups, and the results were corrected using Bonferroni method. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the association of APN and AdipoR1 with clinical factors., Results: The levels of APN and AdipoR1 were significantly decreased in T2DM group and T2DM + MVC group compared with NC group, with the lowest value in T2DM + MVC group (all P<0.01). Serum APN levels were positively correlated with FINS and TG (r = 0.412, 0.316, respectively; both P<0.05), and negatively correlated with SBP, DBP and LDL-C (r = -0.292, -0.383, -0.334, respectively; all P<0.05). Serum levels of AdipoR1 were positively correlated with APN (r = 0.726, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with BMI, SBP, DBP, FBG, TC and LDL-C (r = -0.440, -0.446, -0.374, -0.444, -0.344, -0.709, respectively; all P<0.01)., Conclusion: Serum levels of APN and AdipoR1 are significantly lower in T2DM group and T2DM + MVC group, showing lowest value in T2DM + MVC group. APN and AdipoR1 levels may influence glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM patients., Competing Interests: The authors declare to have no competing interests., (© Copyright by the Author(s). Published by Cell Physiol Biochem Press.)