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Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the presence of coagulopathy at onset and translocation t (15; 17) (q22; 21), meanwhile, other translocation variants of APL have also been reported. The FIP1L1–RARA fusion gene has recently been reported as a novel RARA-associated fusion gene. Objectives: We report a case of de novo myeloid sarcoma (MS) type of APL with FIP1L1–RARA found by next-generation sequencing (NGS) that was not detected by conventional analyze analysis for RARA translocations. Methods: We performed typical morphological, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), conventional tests for PML–RARA dual-fusion translocation probe, high-through sequencing and NGS. Meanwhile, bioinformatics analyses were done by using public repositories, including ONCOMINE, COSMIC, and GeneMANIA analysis. Results: A 28-month-old girl with a complex karyotype that includes 46,XX,t(4;17)(q12;q22)[9]/46,idem,del(16)(q22)[3]/45,idem,-x,-4,-9,-15,del(16)(q22),+marl,+mar2,+mar3[7]/46,xx[3], c.38G>A (p.Gly13Asp) in the KRAS gene, and a cryptic insertion of RARA gene into the FIP1L1 gene was diagnosed with APL complicated by the de novo MS. Conclusion: We report a FIP1L1–RARA fusion in a child with APL who presented with an extramedullary tumor in the skull without the classic karyotype using NGS, whom we treated with good results. NGS analysis should be considered for APL variant cases. Further experimental studies to the association between the mutation in KRAS gene and FIP1L1–RARA fusion on the clinical phenotype and progression of APL are needed to identify more effective therapeutic targets for APL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe malnutrition evaluated by patient-generated subjective global assessment results in poor outcome among adult patients with acute leukemia: a retrospective cohort study. Moreover, although no statistically significant difference was observed, patients with malnutrition tended to have lower EFS than those without malnutrition at diagnosis (86.7 ± 7.4% vs. 94.7 ± 2.1%, I p i = 0.301) (Figure 2(c)). Over the past several decades, the 5-year relative survival for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has exceeded 90% due to improvements in treatment and support care [[1]]. The prevalence of patients with malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) increased from 20.3% to 36.6% during induction therapy. [Extracted from the article]