5 results on '"Macías Vázquez, Felipe"'
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2. Formas de carbono orgánico en suelos con diferentes usos en el departamento del Magdalena (Colombia)
- Author
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Menjivar Flores Juan Carlos, Macías Vázquez Felipe, and Vásquez Polo José Rafael
- Subjects
Carbono, ciclo biogeoquímico, Colombia, humus, Magdalena, nutrición de plantas, suelos agrícolas, Agricultural soils, biogeochemical cycling, Carbon, Colombia, humus, Magdalena, plant nutrition. ,Agriculture - Abstract
Las fracciones de materia orgánica del suelo (MOS) lábiles y humificadas pueden ser afectadas por las prácticas de uso y manejo; sin embargo el impacto de estos cambios no se ha evaluado en suelos y ambientes tropicales. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los contenidos y algunas formas de carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) en cinco zonas de clima cálido tropical (0 - 1110 m.s.n.m.) del departamento del Magdalena (Colombia) y el efecto que sobre ellas han tenido las prácticas asociadas a suelos cultivados con café (Coffea arabica), banano (Musa sp.), palma africana (Elaeis guineensis) y sábila (Aloe vera), comparados con suelos de bosques naturales. No se encontraron diferencias (P < 0.05) tanto entre zonas como entre usos del suelo, se presentaron valores medios a bajos de MOS en las zonas de estudio y contenidos de carbono total (Ct) mayores en suelos de bosques que en suelos cultivados, así los suelos de bosques presentan una acumulación media de Ct de 42.4 mg/ha a 20 cm, frente a 33.8 mg/ha en los suelos cultivados, esto equivale a una pérdida media de Ct del 23% por efecto del manejo de los cultivos. En relación con el carbono extraíble con pirofosfato sódico altamente relacionado con las fracciones humificadas de la MOS (Cp) se observaron valores muy bajos en los suelos cultivados y casi nulos en suelos de bosques; sin embargo estos últimos presentan mayor contenido de formas de carbono no-oxidables o estables (Cnox) determinado por diferencia entre Ct - carbono oxidable (Cox). En el suelo cultivado con banano, el Ct corresponde en su totalidad a formas de Cox; mientras que en el suelo cultivado con palma africana las formas estables Cnox representaron 83% del carbono total.
- Published
- 2011
3. Efficacy of two different reclamation strategies to improve chemical properties and to reduce Al toxicity in a lignite mine dump during a 20‐year period.
- Author
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Rivas‐Pérez, Ivana M., Fernández‐Sanjurjo, María J., Núñez‐Delgado, Avelino, Monterroso‐Martínez, Carmen, Macías‐Vázquez, Felipe, and Álvarez‐Rodríguez, Esperanza
- Subjects
LIGNITE ,TOXICOLOGY of aluminum ,CHEMICAL properties ,SPOIL banks ,PYRITES - Abstract
In this work, the efficacy of two different strategies, used for 20 years (1992–2012) to restore a lignite mine dump, was investigated. The reclamation strategies were selection of the sterile materials, avoiding surface placement of pyritic materials, or surface application of topsoil material. Representative plots corresponding to each of both strategies were selected, as well as a control plot where reclamation techniques were not applied. An increase in total C, soluble Al, and exchangeable Al, as well as a decrease in pH, electrical conductivity, sulfate, and exchangeable cations concentrations took place during the study period. Avoiding pyritic materials on surface was the strategy giving the best acid–base conditions in the whole period, showing higher pH values (6.1–6.7) than application of topsoil (4.7–5.3), as well as the highest exchangeable Ca values (0.71–6.83 vs. 0.55–3.00 cmol(+) kg−1), and less exchange Al (0.22–2.80 vs. 0.99–3.72 cmol(+) kg−1) and soluble Al (0.04–0.60 vs. 0.19–37.47 mg L−1). Regarding fractionation of Al in soil solution, labile forms predominated throughout the study period, although organic forms (nonlabile Al and acid‐soluble Al) showed an increase over time, which was in accordance with an increase in C concentration. The most toxic Al species (Al3+ and Al‐OH) were less abundant where pyritic materials were not placed on surface, compared with plots treated with topsoil (which did not differ from control plot for most parameters). The results of the study indicate that surface application of topsoil would not be justified as strategy to effectively restore lignite mine dump areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Biogeochemistry and Pedogenetic Process in Saltmarsh and Mangrove Systems
- Author
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Macías Vazquez, Felipe, Otero Pérez, Xosé Luis, Macías Vazquez, Felipe, and Otero Pérez, Xosé Luis
- Subjects
- Mangrove soils, Mangrove ecology, Salt marsh ecology, Soil formation
- Abstract
Wetlands have generally been viewed in the past as areas of little value, and have even been considered as a threat to human health. This idea, which persists in a large part of the population, has motivated the destruction of many wetland areas. Urban development, the installation of large industrial ports, and the construction of fish and shellfish farms are some of the causes of the disappearance of mangrove systems and salt marshes, argued to produce greater economic and social development. However, recent studies indicate the opposite. Coastal wetlands provide an important source of goods and services to society, the value of which exceeds US $25,000 billions per year. This book is a new contribution to our knowledge of mangrove and saltmarsh soils and sediments.
- Published
- 2010
5. Modelling air temperature for the state of São Paulo, Brazil
- Author
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Rodríguez-Lado, Luis, Sparovek, Gerd, Vidal-Torrado, Pablo, Dourado-Neto, Durval, and Macías-Vázquez, Felipe
- Subjects
modelagem climática ,regressão linear múltipla ,DEM ,krigagem ,kriging ,multiple regression analysis ,GIS ,climate modelling ,SIG - Abstract
Spatial modelling of air temperature (maximum, mean and minimum) of the State of São Paulo (Brazil) was calculated by multiple regression analysis and ordinary kriging. Climatic data (mean values of five or more years) were obtained from 256 meteorological stations distributed uniformly over the State. The correlation between the climatic dependent variables, with latitude and altitude as independent variables was significant and could explain most of the spatial variability. The coefficients of determination (P < 0.05) varied in the range of 0.924 and 0.953, showing that multiple regression analysis is an accurate method for the modelling of air temperature for the State of São Paulo. Finally, these regression equations were used together with the kriged maps of the residual errors to build 15 digital maps of air temperature using a 0.5 km² Digital Elevation Model in a Geographic Information System. Foram utilizadas técnicas de análise de regressão linear múltipla e krigagem ordinária para a modelagem espacial das temperaturas máximas, mínimas, médias do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil). Os dados climáticos foram obtidos de 256 estações climatológicas distribuídas na totalidade do Estado. O período mínimo das séries climáticas utilizadas foi de cinco anos. Os resultados das análises de regressão apresentaram uma boa correlação entre as variáveis dependentes analisadas (temperaturas médias, máximas e mínimas) com a latitude, e a altitude como variáveis independentes. Os coeficientes de determinação (P < 0,05) variam entre 0,924 e 0,953 indicando que a regressão múltipla é um método preciso de estimativa da temperatura do ar no Estado de São Paulo. As equações de regressão obtidas foram utilizadas, em conjunto com mapas dos resíduos interpolados por krigagem, para a elaboração de 15 mapas de temperatura do ar sobre um modelo de elevação digital de 0,5 km² de resolução espacial com a ajuda de geoprocessamento.
- Published
- 2007
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