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Vladimir Bazarov (1874–1939) tried to construct a monistic theory of cycles and crises on the basis of energy. His analysis of energy principles leads him, in a second step, to put the emphasis on productive forces and labour productivity, whose behaviour plays a determining role in the manifestation of both the cycle and the crisis. Finally, in empirical and statistical terms, the dynamics of labour productivity and of most of the economic series in Bazarov's model are considered to be the result of a moving stochastic equilibrium (different from the purely mechanic dynamic equilibrium). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the recent or revisited assumptions in the literature, the "dependent capitalism" hypothesis has met growing interest and relevance in the context of the 2008 economic and financial crisis. The purpose of the present article is first to expand the scope of the dependence analysis to the Balkan countries, both members and non-members of the EU, and second, to demonstrate that dependence also appears in these countries in a differentiated way through another institutional form, not included in the initial theoretical framework of Hall and Soskice, monetary regimes. A monetary regime can be considered as a structuring institutional form, expressing the power relations between national and foreign actors. In the dependent capitalism case, where foreign capital prevails and the trade balance dynamics is determined by the capital account, one could expect that monetary regimes would be implemented in a way to protect the capital and interests of foreign investors in the long term, hence to delegate monetary sovereignty to the investor's country of origin. In the first part of the paper, some theoretical and methodological aspects of the dependent capitalism in post-socialist countries and of the specific monetary regime on which it is based, are discussed. Then, in the second part, the dependence analysis is illustrated by the case studies of monetary regimes in the Balkans during the period from 1990 to 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on Soviet practices and debates on money during the 1918–1921 period. In the first part, we briefly present the Bolshevik policy and discussions on eliminating money as a means of payments and calculation. In the second part, we outline in details A. Chayanov's model of in-kind accounting by making some comparisons with O. Neurath's proposals for an economy in kind. The latter had a decisive influence on Soviet Russia. Finally, we conclude with some reflections on the role of these models for ecological economics, modern efficiency measuring and monetary theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]