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Introduction: Improved survival rates in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates require smaller instruments and newer techniques to manage atelectasis in neonates on mechanical ventilation. Case presentation: A chronically ventilated 23-week gestational age neonate weighing 465g developed worsening respiratory distress on day of life 17. X-rays showed complete opacification of the left lung. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) was performed with a 2.2 mm bronchoscope through the endotracheal tube (ETT), where an occlusive mucus plug was visualized in the left mainstem bronchus. Due to the lack of suction capability with this bronchoscope and inability to pass a larger one, the bronchoscope was positioned proximal to the mucous plug, the ETT was advanced over the bronchoscope, thereby selectively intubating the left mainstem bronchus, the bronchoscope was removed, an 8Fr suction catheter was inserted, and suction was applied resulting in successfully removal of the mucous plug. Immediate clinical improvement and reaeration of the left lung were noted. Conclusion: This case introduces a novel FFB technique to manage left lung atelectasis in critically ill ELBW neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The HClO scavenging capacity of a group of heteroaryl‐nitrones (HA−N) that contain a substituted five‐membered ring (furan or thiophene) in their structure was studied using experimental and quantum computational methods. Experimentally, it was found that four HA−N showed scavenging activity with IC50 values ranging from 26.15 to 61.20 nM, while two HA−N were found to be inactive. To explain the HClO activity of the analyzed HA−N, we proposed and investigated a reaction mechanism based on a nucleophilic attack by the hypochlorous anion (pKa=7.46) on α‐carbon of each HA−N, taking into account the results obtained by calculating the electrostatic potential. For this purpose, we used the B3LYP functional of the density functional theory (DFT) and the basis set 6‐311+G(d,p) included in the Gaussian 09 program. We calculated the rate constants (k), the HOMO and LUMO energies, and several reactivity indices such as the electronic chemical potential (μ), chemical hardness (η), and global electrophilicity (ω) to establish a quantified relationship with the observed activities. The SAR analysis and the correlation between the rate constants and the global electrophilicity with the HClO scavenging activity allow us to explain the experimental activity presented by the six HA−N analyzed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on dermatology, but to date no bibliometric analysis of this field has been identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric indicator analysis of the worldwide scientific production of COVID-19 in dermatology. Materials and Methods: An advanced bibliographic search was performed in the Scopus database to identify articles on COVID-19 and dermatology from 2020 to 2021. The collected information was analysed with SciVal software. Bibliometric data were described through figures and summary tables. Results: A total of 1448 documents were collected and analysed. Torello Lotti was the author with the greatest scientific production; however, Esther Freeman had the greatest impact. Harvard University was the institution with the highest number of published articles. Most papers were published in the first quartiles. The United States and Italy were the leading countries in terms of production. Articles with international collaboration had the highest impact. Conclusion: Articles related to dermatology and COVID-19 are mostly published with American and Italian affiliations. In addition, there has been an increase in the distribution of articles published in the first quartile, which would reflect a growing interest in the community. Publications with international collaboration reported the highest impact, so future authors should take this into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Augmented Reality (AR) system is a technology that overlays digital information, such as images, sounds, or text, onto a user's view of the real world, providing an enriched and interactive experience of the surrounding environment. It has evolved into a potent instrument for improving human perception and decision-making across various domains, including industrial, automotive, healthcare, and urban planning. This systematic literature review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of AR technology, its limitations, and implementation challenges in the most significant areas of application in engineering and beyond. The review will explore the state-of-the-art AR techniques, their potential use cases, and the barriers to widespread adoption, while also identifying future research directions and opportunities for innovation in the rapidly evolving field of augmented reality. This study works as a compilation of the existing technologies in the subject, especially useful for beginners in AR or as a starting point for developers who seek to innovate or implement new technologies, thus knowing the limitations and current challenges that could arise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an integrated monitoring system for the driver and the vehicle in a single case of study easy to configure and replicate. On-board vehicle sensors and remote sensors are combined to model algorithms for estimating polluting emissions, fuel consumption, driving style and driver's health. The main contribution of this paper is the analysis of interactions among the above monitored features highlighting the influence of the driver in the vehicle performance and vice versa. This analysis was carried out experimentally using one vehicle with different drivers and routes and implemented on a mobile application. Compared to commercial driver and vehicle monitoring systems, this approach is not customized, uses classical sensor measurements, and is based on simple algorithms that have been already proven but not in an interactive environment with other algorithms. In the procedure design of this global vehicle and driver monitoring system, a principal component analysis was carried out to reduce the variables used in the training/testing algorithms with objective to decrease the transfer data via Bluetooth between the used devices: a biometric wristband, a smartphone and the vehicle's central computer. Experimental results show that the proposed vehicle and driver monitoring system predicts correctly the fuel consumption index in 84%, the polluting emissions 89%, and the driving style 89%. Indeed, interesting correlation results between the driver's heart condition and vehicular traffic have been found in this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacología y Terapéutica is the property of Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacologia y Terapeutica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)