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We propose nonparametric tests for testing mean residual life and mean past life ordering. Asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistics are studied. We also propose Jackknife Empirical Likelihood (JEL) ratio tests for testing mean residual life and mean past life ordering. Some numerical results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed tests by comparing them with few competing tests available in the literature. Finally, we illustrate the proposed test procedures using real data sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Out of the 50 pigs which were brought for post mortem examination during the study period of five years (2006-2010), nine (18%) were confirmed as swine fever. Gross and histopathological lesions were attributed to vascular changes as the virus is endotheliotropic and lymphotropic. The lymphoid cell depletion resulted in immunosuppression and contributed to pathogenesis. CSF virus can inhibit apoptosis and such apoptotic resistant infected endothelial cell population lead to the presence of high viral load in acute infections. The present report describes the varied gross and histopathological lesions of swine fever, which led to vascular and immune dysfunction and death of these animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents research on the pathological effects of toxicity of Ficus tsiela (Roxb) in rats. Topics discussed include the methodology in extracting Roxb, testing for composition of elements such as steroids, alkaloids and tannins, and evaluation of phytotoxicity of various concentrations of fresh Roxb juice and alcoholic extract orally administered to rats on their thyroid and adrenal glands.

Aim: The goal was to assess the hemato-biochemical and oxidative changes of Ficus tsiela Roxb in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into six groups with eight rats in each group. Group 1 received no treatment served as a control group. Group 2 and 3 animals were orally ingested with fresh juice from 5 g of leaves and 10 g of leaves, respectively. Group 4, 5 and 6 animals were orally administered with the extract at doses of 750, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment was continued for a period of 21 days. Biochemical parameters including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine kinase (CK), creatinine and blood glucose and hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total leukocyte count (TLC) and differential leucocyte count (DLC) were determined on 0, 7, 14, and 21 day of treatment. Lipid peroxides and reduced glutathione values were determined in liver at day 21. Results: Hb, PCV, TLC and DLC showed no significant variations in treated groups compared with control and ALP, AST, CK and creatinine values showed a significant increase in serum of the higher dose groups. There was no variation in the level of blood sugar. There was an increase in the values of lipid peroxides and reduction in the values of reduced glutathione in the liver homogenate which indicated oxidative damage. Conclusion: The fresh juice and ethanolic extract at higher doses had no effect on hematological values. However, biochemical parameters affected adversely. Both fresh juice and extract caused oxidative damage to liver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses findings of a study to investigate myositis caused by the administration of Artizone-S in a pig. It notes that the carcass of the pig revealed tissue irritation, abscesses, and extensive necrosis in the right thigh region that occurred with improper deep intramuscular (IM) injection of Artizone-S. The study advises that the proper site for IM injections in pigs should be in the neck muscle located in an area just below and behind the ear.

This article discusses a study which investigated the incidence of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus in a wild boar of Wayanad in Kerala, India. Researchers examined a carcass of a wild boar that was presented to a veterinary pathology department for postmortem examination. On detailed examination of the small intestine, researchers observed about 20-25 worms of 5-50 centimeters length attached to the mucosa.