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Understanding the biothermal response of skin tissue exposed to electromagnetic (EM) radiation and variable thermal fields is crucial for mitigating risks associated with such exposures. This knowledge can empower the development of safe and efficacious evidence‐based treatments for various skin conditions within the medical field. This study employs the fourth‐order Moore–Gibson–Thomson (MGT) concept to establish a theoretical framework for biothermal analysis. This investigation aims to elucidate the biothermal response of skin tissues to EM radiation. The developed model facilitates the prediction of thermal reactions within human skin and the subsequent evaluation of bioheat transfer efficiency in biological tissues. The proposed model is implemented on a one‐dimensional representation of a skin layer and incorporates the effects of an induced electric field and a time‐harmonic heat source. Additionally, a linear dependence of metabolic heat generation on tissue temperature is considered. By employing Laplace transforms, the analytical solutions for tissue temperature are presented. The derived analytical solutions are compared with established theories to assess the accuracy of the proposed model. The results reveal that the modified MGT bioheat transfer model predicts lower temperatures compared to the conventional Pennes model, attributable to the incorporation of the thermal relaxation time constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the behavior of rotating materials and structures on small scales is crucial for many scientific and engineering fields, and such studies play an important role in this regard. This paper aims to propose a novel paradigm for analyzing the vibrational characteristics of thermoelastic nanobeams with diverse physical attributes. The incorporation of size effects in the structural and thermal constitutive relationships involves the consideration of nonlocal elasticity theory (NET) and the modified couple stress (MCS) model, together with the utilization of the Euler–Bernoulli assumptions for thin beams. The work also involves the development of a new non-Fourier thermoelasticity model that incorporates the Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) equation. Furthermore, it was taken into account that the thermal conductivity of the flexible materials is not consistent but rather changes with temperature. Periodic pulse heating was applied to rotating nanobeams, and the behavior of the nanobeams was investigated with respect to thermal, rotational, and length-scale effects. To demonstrate the impact of the distinctive characteristics of the MCS and MGT thermoelastic models on the physical fields, a range of numerical data are presented. The study also investigated the propagation characteristics of thermo-mechanical waves, taking into account aspects such as thermal relaxation time and the influence of temperature change on physical properties. Based on the observed results, including the size impact in the structural and thermal equations can lead to significant disparities when compared to conventional models. The inclusion of the length-scale component in the MCS theory, which increases the rigidity and hardiness of the nanobeam structure, may help to explain the observed effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) concept of thermal conductivity is applied to a two-dimensional elastic solid in the form of a half-space. This model was constructed using Green and Naghdi's thermoelastic model to address the infinite velocity problem of heat waves. It has been taken into account that the free surface of the medium is immersed in an electromagnetic field of constant intensity, undergoes thermal shock, and rotates with a uniform angular velocity. The governing equations of a modified version of Ohm's law account for the impact of temperature gradients and charge densities. By using the method of normal mode analysis, an analytical representation of the studied physical fields was obtained. The effect of rotation and the modulus of modified Ohm's law on the responses of the field distributions examined is discussed, along with accompanying graphical representations. Other thermoelastic models have been compared with the results of the proposed system when the relaxation time is ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]