18 results on '"Mittermuller, Betty-Anne"'
Search Results
2. An open-label, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial of different silver diamine fluoride application intervals to arrest dental caries
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Schroth, Robert J., Bajwa, Sukeerat, Lee, Victor H. K., Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Singh, Sarbjeet, Cruz de Jesus, Vivianne, Bertone, Mary, and Chelikani, Prashen
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- 2024
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3. Role of socioeconomic factors and interkingdom crosstalk in the dental plaque microbiome in early childhood caries
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Khan, Mohd Wasif, Cruz de Jesus, Vivianne, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Sareen, Shaan, Lee, Victor, Schroth, Robert J., Hu, Pingzhao, and Chelikani, Prashen
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- 2024
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4. Genetic variants in taste genes play a role in oral microbial composition and severe early childhood caries
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de Jesus, Vivianne Cruz, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Hu, Pingzhao, Schroth, Robert J., and Chelikani, Prashen
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- 2022
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5. Association between early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) scores and pediatric dental surgery wait times
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Lee, Victor H. K., Grant, Cameron G., Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Singh, Sarbjeet, Weiss, Brenda, Edwards, Jeanette M., and Schroth, Robert J.
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- 2020
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6. Canadian dentists' awareness and views on early childhood caries and its prevention and management.
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Levesque, Joshua, Ghotra, Suhird, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, DeMaré, Daniella, Lee, Victor H. K., Cruz de Jesus, Vivianne, Olatosi, Olubukola O., Alai-Towfigh, Hamideh, and Schroth, Robert J.
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- 2024
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7. Association between Downstream Taste Signaling Genes, Oral Microbiome, and Severe Early Childhood Caries.
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de Jesus, Vivianne Cruz, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Hu, Pingzhao, Schroth, Robert J., and Chelikani, Prashen
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DENTAL caries , *GENETIC variation , *G protein coupled receptors , *TASTE receptors , *GENETICS - Abstract
Polymorphisms in taste receptor genes have been shown to play a role in early childhood caries (ECC), a multifactorial, biofilm-mediated disease. This study aimed to evaluate associations between severe-ECC (S-ECC), the oral microbiome, and variants in genes that encode components of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling cascade involved in taste sensation. A total of 176 children (88 caries-free; 88 with S-ECC) were recruited. Analyses of 16S and ITS1 rRNA microbial genes and seven (GNAQ, GNAS, GNAT3, GNAI2, RAC1, RALB, and PLCB2) human genes were pursued using next-generation sequencing. Regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations between genetic variants, S-ECC, and the supragingival plaque microbiome. Results suggest that PLCB2 rs2305645 (T), rs1869901 (G), and rs2305649 (G) alleles had a protective effect on S-ECC (rs2305645, odds ratio (OR) = 0.27 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.51); rs1869901, OR = 0.34 (95% CI: 0.20–0.58); and rs2305649, OR = 0.43 (95% CI: 0.26–0.71)). Variants in GNAQ, GNAS, GNAT3, PLCB2, RALB, and RAC1 were associated with oral fungal and bacterial community composition. This study revealed that three loci at PLCB2 are significantly associated with S-ECC. Variants in multiple genes were associated with the composition of dental biofilm. These findings contribute to the current knowledge about the role of genetics in S-ECC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Sex-based diverse plaque microbiota in children with severe caries
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Cruz de Jesus, Vivianne, Shikder, Rayhan, Oryniak, Derek, Mann, Kelsey, Alamri, Abeer, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Duan, Kangmin, Hu, Pingzhao, Schroth, Robert J, Chelikani, Prashen, and University of Manitoba
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stomatognathic diseases ,Dental caries ,child, preschool ,human microbiome ,fungi ,bacteria ,machine learning - Abstract
Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a multifactorial disease that can lead to suffering and reduced oral health related quality of life in young children. The bacterial and fungal composition of dental plaque and how children`s sex is associated with S-ECC are largely unknown. In this study, V4-16S rRNA and ITS1 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to compare the plaque bacteriome and mycobiome of children 0.05). Significant differences in the relative abundance of Mycosphaerella, Cyberlindnera and Trichosporon fungal species were also observed between the caries-free and S-ECC groups (p < 0.05). Machine learning analysis revealed the most important bacterial and fungal species for classifying S-ECC versus caries-free. Different patterns of crosstalk between microbial species were observed between male and female children. Our work demonstrates that plaque microbiota and sex may be important determinants for S-ECC and could be factors to consider for inclusion in caries risk assessment tools.
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- 2020
9. Characterization of Supragingival Plaque and Oral Swab Microbiomes in Children With Severe Early Childhood Caries.
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de Jesus, Vivianne Cruz, Khan, Mohd Wasif, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Duan, Kangmin, Hu, Pingzhao, Schroth, Robert J., and Chelikani, Prashen
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DENTAL plaque ,STREPTOCOCCUS mutans ,NOSOLOGY ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,COLONIZATION (Ecology) - Abstract
The human oral cavity harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities with different oral microenvironments allowing the colonization of unique microbial species. This study aimed to determine which of two commonly used sampling sites (dental plaque vs. oral swab) would provide a better prediction model for caries-free vs. severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) using next generation sequencing and machine learning (ML). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 80 children (40 S-ECC and 40 caries-free) < 72 months of age were recruited. Supragingival plaque and oral swab samples were used for the amplicon sequencing of the V4-16S rRNA and ITS1 rRNA genes. The results showed significant differences in alpha and beta diversity between dental plaque and oral swab bacterial and fungal microbiomes. Differential abundance analyses showed that, among others, the cariogenic species Streptococcus mutans was enriched in the dental plaque, compared to oral swabs, of children with S-ECC. The fungal species Candida dubliniensis and C. tropicalis were more abundant in the oral swab samples of children with S-ECC compared to caries-free controls. They were also among the top 20 most important features for the classification of S-ECC vs. caries-free in oral swabs and for the classification of dental plaque vs. oral swab in the S-ECC group. ML approaches revealed the possibility of classifying samples according to both caries status and sampling sites. The tested site of sample collection did not change the predictability of the disease. However, the species considered to be important for the classification of disease in each sampling site were slightly different. Being able to determine the origin of the samples could be very useful during the design of oral microbiome studies. This study provides important insights into the differences between the dental plaque and oral swab bacteriome and mycobiome of children with S-ECC and those caries-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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10. The association of body mass index and severe early childhood caries in young children in Winnipeg, Manitoba: A cross‐sectional study.
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Kennedy, Tara, Rodd, Celia, Daymont, Carrie, Grant, Cameron G., Mittermuller, Betty‐Anne, Pierce, Andrew, Moffatt, Michael E. K., and Schroth, Robert J.
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RISK of childhood obesity ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,DENTAL caries in children ,LONGITUDINAL method ,POVERTY ,REGRESSION analysis ,STATISTICS ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,BODY mass index ,CROSS-sectional method ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,NUTRITIONAL status ,CONFOUNDING variables - Abstract
Background: Associations between body mass index (BMI) and caries have been reported. Aim: To evaluate the direction of the relationship between BMI and severe early childhood caries (S‐ECC). Design: Children were recruited as part of a larger prospective cohort study assessing changes in nutritional status following dental rehabilitation under general anaesthetic. Pre‐operative anthropometric measurements were used to calculate BMI z‐scores (BMIz). Operative reports were reviewed to calculate caries scores based on treatment rendered. Analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and simple and multiple linear regression. Results: Overall, 150 children were recruited with a mean age of 47.7 ± 14.2 (SD) months; 52% female. Over 42% were at risk for overweight, overweight or obese. Although simple linear regression demonstrated a significant positive association between dmfs score and BMIz, adjusted multiple linear regression found no significant relationship between BMIz and dmfs, but highlighted a relationship between BMI z‐score and family income, Registered First Nations Status and physical activity. Conclusions: Although a significant relationship between BMI and S‐ECC was not found, poverty was a key confounding variable. As both S‐ECC and obesity are known predictors of future disease, it is important for healthcare professionals to identify children at risk. Diet and behaviour modification may play a role in disease prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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11. Prenatal, Maternal, and Early Childhood Factors Associated with Dental General Anesthesia to Treat Severe Early Childhood Caries.
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Schroth, Robert J., Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Wendy Au, Hai-Santiago, Khalida, Martin, Heather, Martens, Patricia, and Brownell, Marni
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GENERAL anesthesia , *DENTAL anesthesia , *DENTAL caries in children , *TREATMENT of dental caries , *CASE-control method ,DENTAL caries risk factors - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify prenatal, maternal, and early childhood factors associated with surgery to treat severe-early-childhood-caries (S-ECC) using general anesthesia (GA). Methods: A case-control study using administrative health care and social services data examined factors associated with surgery under GA. Subjects included children <72 months old undergoing GA for caries between fiscal years 2005/06 and 2010/11. Controls were children of the same age randomly chosen from the general population. Prenatal, birth, child, and maternal and family characteristics and use of health services were considered. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using logistic regressions. Results: There were 16,015 cases reviewed. Variables with a higher likelihood of surgery included: child's age (1.02 (OR), 1.02 to 1.02 (95% CI)); large-for-gestational-age (1.24, 1.19 to 1.30); young maternal age at birth (1.47, 1.04 to 2.07); lower income quintiles (3.24, 3.04 to 3.45); receiving income assistance (1.61, 1.54 to 1.69); more hospital visits (1.17, 1.15 to 1.18); and a history of being "in care/foster care" (1.11, 1.04 to 1.19). Variables with less likelihood of surgery included: initiating breastfeeding before discharge (0.69, 0.67 to 0.72); low five-minute Apgar score (0.88, 0.79 to 0.97); being female (0.96, 0.93 to 0.99); mothers ≥ 30 years old at birth (0.86, 0.82 to 0.89); urban dwellers (0.47, 0.45 to 0.49); and higher physician visits (0.995, 0.99 to 1.00). Conclusion: Understanding risk factors associated with surgery for S-ECC may provide clues about promising prenatal and early childhood oral health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
12. Higher body mass index associated with severe early childhood caries.
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Davidson, Katherine, Schroth, Robert J., Levi, Jeremy A., Yaffe, Aaron B., Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, and Sellers, Elizabeth A. C.
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DENTAL caries in children ,DENTISTRY ,BODY mass index ,GENERAL anesthesia ,REGRESSION analysis ,DENTAL caries ,OBESITY ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,COMORBIDITY ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,CROSS-sectional method ,NUTRITIONAL status - Abstract
Background: Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) is an aggressive form of tooth decay in preschool children affecting quality of life and nutritional status. The purpose was to determine whether there is an association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and S-ECC.Methods: Children with S-ECC were recruited on the day of their slated dental surgery under general anesthesia. Age-matched, caries-free controls were recruited from the community. All children were participating in a larger study on nutrition and S-ECC. Analysis was restricted to children ≥ 24 months of age. Parents completed a questionnaire and heights and weights were recorded. BMI scores and age and gender adjusted BMI z-scores and percentiles were calculated. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was significant.Results: Two hundred thirty-five children were included (141 with S-ECC and 94 caries-free). The mean age was 43.3 ± 12.8 months and 50.2 % were male. Overall, 34.4 % of participants were overweight or obese. Significantly more children with S-ECC were classified as overweight or obese when compared to caries-free children (p = 0.038) and had significantly higher mean BMI z-scores than caries-free children (0.78 ± 1.26 vs. 0.22 ± 1.36, p = 0.002). Those with S-ECC also had significantly higher BMI percentiles (69.0 % ± 29.2 vs. 56.8 % ± 31.7, p = 0.003). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that BMI z-scores were significantly and independently associated with S-ECC and annual household income as were BMI percentiles.Conclusions: Children with S-ECC in our sample had significantly higher BMI z-scores than caries-free peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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13. Association between Vitamin D and Dental Caries in a Sample of Canadian and American Preschool-Aged Children.
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Williams, Tiffany L., Boyle, Joseph, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Carrico, Caroline, and Schroth, Robert J.
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Background: Inadequate vitamin D levels may increase the risk of caries during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) in preschool children. Methods: Data were obtained from children <72 months of age in two case–control studies in Winnipeg, Manitoba and Richmond, Virginia. Serum analysis assessed 25(OH)D, calcium and parathyroid concentrations. Data on demographics, dental history and oral hygiene were obtained via questionnaires. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between demographic and biological variables and S-ECC. A p-value of ≤0.05 was significant. Results: Data were available for 200 children with S-ECC and 144 caries-free controls. Children with S-ECC had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than those who were caries-free (p < 0.001), and children with deficient 25(OH)D levels were 10 times more likely to have S-ECC (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that having higher 25(OH)D and calcium concentrations (p = 0.019 and p < 0.0001, respectively), as well as being breastfed in infancy (p < 0.001), were significantly and independently associated with lower odds of S-ECC, while dental insurance (p = 0.006) was associated with higher odds of S-ECC. Conclusions: This study provides additional evidence of an association between nutritional status, specifically vitamin D and calcium levels, and S-ECC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Children Following Different Treatment Regimens of Silver Diammine Fluoride.
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Srivastava, Mohit, Schroth, Robert J., Sareen, Shaan, Lee, Victor H. K., Cruz de Jesus, Vivianne, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Singh, Sarbjeet, Bertone, Mary, and Chelikani, Prashen
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of young children in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) and five percent sodium fluoride varnish (NaFV) to manage early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: Children younger than 72 months of age with active dentinal caries lesions (ICDAS 5 or 6) in primary teeth received two applications of 38 percent SDF and five percent NaFV as part of an RCT testing three different frequency regimes (one, four, and six months apart). The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) questionnaire was completed at three study visits. Statistical analyses included descriptive and parametric methods. A P-value of ≤0.05 was significant. Results: Eighty-two children (58.5 percent male) were recruited with a mean age of 44.3±14.2 months. Significant improvement in total ECOHIS scores for all children was observed following treatment (baseline mean scores=4.52±4.77 versus third visit mean scores=3.19±3.78, P=0.01) and family impact scores for all children (baseline mean scores=3.00±2.98 versus third visit mean scores=1.68±2.01, P≤0.001). However, no significant change in the mean child impact score was observed among all the children (P=0.97). The parental distress and family function domains showed the most improvement with SDF treatment. No significant ECOHIS score differences were found among the three frequency groups across visits. Conclusions: Children showed better OHRQoL after applying 38 percent SDF and five percent NaFV. No significant differences were found between treatment groups. SDF is a viable non-restorative option for managing ECC as it has a positive effect on OHRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
15. Improvement in Serum Vitamin D Following Dental Rehabilitation to Treat Severe Early Childhood Caries.
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Schroth, Robert J., Pierce, Andrew, Rodd, Celia, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Grant, Cameron, Kennedy, Tara, Singh, Sarbjeet, and Moffatt, Michael E. K.
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NUTRITIONAL status , *OPERATIVE dentistry , *PRESCHOOL children , *DENTAL caries in children , *PEDIATRIC oral medicine - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) following rehabilitative surgery using general anesthesia (GA). Methods: Children with S-ECC were recruited on the day of surgery for a prospective study investigating changes in nutritional status and well-being before and after surgery. Venipunctures for 25(OH)D were performed while children were in the operating room, and parents completed a questionnaire regarding nutritional intake, oral health, quality of life, and family demographics. Participants returned at a minimum of three months for a follow-up venipuncture, questionnaire, and dental examination. Analyses included descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable regression analyses. A P-value of =0.05 was significant. Results: Overall, 150 children participated, with a mean age of 47.7±14.1 months. The mean baseline 25(OH)D concentration was 49.8±16.9 nmol/L, with 17 percent having deficient levels. Overall, 106 returned for follow-up. Paired t-tests revealed significant improvements in the mean 25(OH)D levels following rehabilitation (50.1±17.1 nmol/L versus 61.2±18.7, P<0.001). The proportion with optimal and adequate 25(OH)D levels increased from 9.2 percent to 24.1 percent and from 48.3 percent to 67.8 percent, respectively, while those classified as deficient decreased from 17.2 percent to 8.1 percent from baseline to follow-up. Conclusions: Significant improvements in vitamin D concentrations were observed following dental rehabilitation. This provides additional evidence of the association between oral health and nutritional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
16. Improvement in Iron and Iron-Related Nutritional Status Following Pediatric Dental Surgery To Treat Severe Early Childhood Caries.
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Schroth, Robert J., Pierce, Andrew, Rodd, Celia, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, and Moffatt, Micahel E. K.
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NUTRITIONAL status , *TREATMENT of dental caries , *IRON deficiency anemia in children , *DENTAL caries in children , *MALNUTRITION in children , *FOOD habits , *FOOD consumption , *PEDIATRIC dentistry - Abstract
Purpose: To investigate improvement in iron and iron-related nutritional status of children with severe-early childhood caries (S-ECC) following dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (GA). Methods: Children with S-ECC were recruited into a prospective study investigating changes in nutritional status before and after surgery. Parents completed a questionnaire, as their child had a venipuncture while under GA. Children returned for follow-up at a minimum of three months postsurgery, and parents completed a follow-up questionnaire and their child had an additional venipuncture and dental examination. Statistical analyses included descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable regression analyses. Results: A total of 150 children participated (mean age 47.7±14.1 months). The mean baseline ferritin concentration was 27.9±19.1 µg/L, while mean iron and hemoglobin levels were 12.3±4.3 µmol/L and 107.5±9.2 g/L, respectively. Overall, 53 percent were anemic, 30 percent had iron deficiency (ID), and 20 percent had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) at baseline. In total, 106 participants returned for follow-up. Paired t-tests revealed significant improvements in ferritin (27.0±18.4 µg/L versus 34.3±18.2 µg/L, P<0.001) and hemoglobin (108.2±8.3 g/L versus 123.7±9.4 g/L, P<0.001) levels. There was a 16 percent reduction in children with ID (P<0.001) and a 20 percent reduction in children experiencing IDA (P=0.011) from baseline to follow-up. Multivariable regression revealed that follow-up ferritin levels were associated with baseline ferritin concentrations, red meat intake, and difficulty purchasing food because of cost. Conclusions: Improvements in iron and iron-related nutritional status were observed post GA. Dental surgery for S-ECC may contribute to improved children's eating practices and resolve oral inflammation, thus leading to better nutritional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
17. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Canadian Preschoolers with Severe Caries After Dental Rehabilitation Under General Anesthesia.
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Grant, Cameron G., Daymont, Carrie, Rodd, Celia, Mittermuller, Betty-Anne, Pierce, Andrew, Kennedy, Tara, Singh, Sarbjeet, Moffatt, Michael E. K., and Schroth, Robert J.
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DENTAL caries in children , *PRESCHOOL children , *CHILDREN , *GENERAL anesthesia , *QUALITY of life , *DATA analysis - Abstract
The purpose was to determine changes in the oral health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL) of children with severe early childhood caries (S -ECC) following dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (DRGA). Methods: This prospective cohort study involved caregivers completing questionnaires, including the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, effect size, and multiple linear regression. Results: Initially,150 children were enrolled, mean age of 47.7±14.2 (SD) months. The baseline mean total ECOHIS score was 6.3±5.3. Higher baseline ECOHIS scores were associated with single-parent families, low-income households, higher decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft) scores, and having extractions (P≤0.05). Multiple linear regression results showed low household income (P=0.01) and the child not having Registered First Nation status (a specific population of Indigenous Canadians; P=0.03) were significantly and independently associated with higher total baseline ECOHIS scores. At follow-up, 103 children had a mean total ECOHIS score of 3.5±2.9 versus a baseline score of 6.3±5.4. Change in total ECOHIS and three of four Child Impact Section domains showed significant improvement (P<0.001) post-DRGA. Worse follow-up ECOHIS scores were only associated with the child being male (P=0.02). Conclusions: Improvements in oral health-related quality of life were observed following DRGA. Consideration should be given for using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale to help prioritize children waiting for DRGA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
18. A mixed methods approach to obtaining health care provider feedback for the development of a Canadian pediatric dental caries risk assessment tool for children <6 years.
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Schroth RJ, Kyoon-Achan G, Levesque J, Sturym M, DeMaré D, Mittermuller BA, Lee J, and Lee VHK
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Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a chronic but preventable disease affecting young children worldwide. Many young children face access to care barriers to early preventive dental visits for a variety of reasons, which can increase their risk for ECC. Non-dental primary health care providers are well positioned to assist in assessing a child's risk for ECC by performing caries risk assessment (CRA). The purpose of this project was to report on primary health care provider and stakeholder feedback in order to refine a drafted CRA tool for Canadian children <6 years of age intended for use by non-dental primary health care providers., Methods: In this mixed methods project, we conducted six focus groups with primarily non-dental primary health care providers followed by a short paper-based survey to quantify preferences and feedback. Data were thematically and descriptively analyzed., Results: Participants' feedback on the drafted CRA tool included the need for it to be relatively quick to complete, easy and practical to score, easy to implement into practitioners' clinic schedules, and to include anticipatory guidance information to share with parents and caregivers. All participants (100%) welcomed a CRA tool. Many (85.4%) liked a layout that could be added to tools they already utilize. Most (73.2%) wanted the tool to be in colour, and many (90.2%) wanted the tool to include pictures., Conclusion: Non-dental primary health care providers informed the final development and layout of the newly released Canadian CRA tool. Their feedback resulted in a user-friendly CRA tool with provider-patient dynamics and preferences., Competing Interests: All authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2023 Schroth, Kyoon-Achan, Levesque, Sturym, DeMaré, Mittermuller, Lee and Lee.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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