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* Context.--Critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) have a poor prognosis. Several urinary AKI biomarkers have been proposed to predict renal recovery, but with limited discriminatory ability. Objective.--To validate the predictive performances of novel biomarkers to identify which critical patients with AKI may successfully wean from RRT. Design.--We prospectively recorded and analyzed clinical variables at several time points: (1) before starting RRT, (2) at the time of weaning off RRT, and (3) 24 hours after stopping RRT. A total of 140 critically ill patients who received RRT at a multicenter referral hospital from August 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled. The outcomes of interest were the ability to wean from RRT and 90-day mortality. Results.--The 90-day mortality rate was 13.6% (19 of 140), and 47.9% (67 of 140) of the patients were successfully weaned from RRT. Cluster analysis showed that the following biomarkers were correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate at the time of weaning off RRT: urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule 1, hemojuvelin, C-C motif chemokine ligand 14, interleukin 18, and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP). Among these, urinary L-FABP/ creatinine (uL-FABP/Cr) at the time of weaning off RRT showed the best predictive performance for mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.79). Taking mortality as a competing risk, Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that a low uL-FABP/Cr (log) level was an independent prognostic factor for weaning from RRT (subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.35; P = .01). Conclusions.--uL-FABP/Cr at the time of weaning off RRT could predict weaning from RRT and 90-day mortality. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0411-OA, Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease, and long-term adverse cardiovascular effects. (1,2) Recent studies have shown that for [...]

Air pollution containing microorganisms poses a major hazard to human health. It is critical to develop air filters that are both highly efficient for indoor use and suitable for use in industrial settings. Developing long‐lasting electrostatic force‐assisted filtration while keeping high‐temperature resistance and antibacterial qualities is still challenging. Here, centrifugal spinning is used to fabricate fiber mats consisting of polyimide with silver incorporation (PI/Ag). The electrostatic force remained over –700 V after 330 days. The strong electrostatic effect improves the filtration efficiency, resulting in a high PM0.3 removal efficiency of 99.1% with a low‐pressure drop of 103.67 Pa. The high filtration efficiency remains above 91.3% for PM0.3 after placing it for 330 days and heating it at 280 °C. The PI/Ag fiber mats also show antimicrobial properties against the E. coli (Gram‐negative) and S. aureus (Gram‐positive) with prominent bacteriostatic zones >1.2 mm. The PI/Ag fiber mat filters are expected to have great potential for multi‐scenario air filtration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Submicrometer lutetium‐gadolinium oxyorthosilicate ((Lu0.95Gd0.05)2SiO5, LGSO) powder with a magnetic susceptibility of 4.19 ×$ \times $ 10−6 (5.4 times that of lutetium oxyorthosilicate) was synthesized via a sol‐gel method. Slip casting with a 6 T assisted magnetic field and pressureless sintering at 1600°C for 16 h in the air effectively produced the textured LGSO ceramics with an orientation factor f of 0.96. The grains of textured LGSO ceramics grow with the preferred orientation along the b‐axis. The thermal conductivity of the textured LGSO ceramics reaches only 2.05 W·m−1·K−1 at 300 K, which is 34.5% lower than that of untextured LGSO ceramics. Textured LGSO ceramics provide increased fracture toughness. This work presents a microstructural design method for RE2SiO5 ceramics to regulate thermal and mechanical properties through texture engineering, as well as advice for the selection or optimization of RE2SiO5 ceramics as a Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Targeting lineage-defined transcriptional dependencies has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. Through screening for molecular vulnerabilities of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), we identified a set of transcription factors (TFs) including FOXO1, EBF1, PAX5, and IRF4 that are essential for MCL propagation. Integrated chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-Seq) with transcriptional network reconstruction analysis revealed FOXO1 as a master regulator that acts upstream in the regulatory TF hierarchy. FOXO1 is both necessary and sufficient to drive MCL lineage commitment through supporting the lineage-specific transcription programs. We further show that FOXO1, but not its close paralog FOXO3, can reprogram myeloid leukemia cells and induce B-lineage gene expression. Finally, we demonstrate that cpd10, a small molecule identified from an enriched FOXO1 inhibitor library, induces a robust cytotoxic response in MCL cells in vitro and suppresses MCL progression in vivo. Our findings establish FOXO1 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy targeting lineage-driven transcriptional addiction in MCL., Introduction Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a lethal mature B cell lymphoma manifested by cyclin D1 overexpression due to a t(11;14) (q13;q32) chromosomal translocation and mutations of genes associated with [...]

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death due to target organ injury from cardiovascular disease. Although there are many treatments, only one-sixth of hypertensive patients effectively control their blood pressure. Therefore, further understanding the pathogenesis of hypertension is essential for the treatment of hypertension. Much research shows that immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Here, we discuss the roles of different immune cells in hypertension. Many immune cells participate in innate and adaptive immune responses, such as monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, NK cells, and B and T lymphocytes. Immune cells infiltrate the blood vessels, kidneys, and hearts and cause damage. The mechanism is that immune cells secrete cytokines such as interleukin, interferon, and tumor necrosis factor, which affect the inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, and kidney sodium water retention, and finally aggravate or reduce the dysfunction, remodeling, and fibrosis of the blood vessel, kidney, and heart to participate in blood pressure regulation. This article reviews the research progress on immune cells and hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]