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The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary consumption patterns of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) among the population in Guangdong province. Employing a cross‐sectional design, the survey was conducted from 2019 to 2021 to examine the inclusion of TCM in the diet of participants in Guangdong province. Information regarding consumption of TCM during the preceding 12 months was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. The participant cohort comprised a total of 3031 participants, consisting of 1081 Cantonese, 967 Hakka, and 983 Teochew individuals. The survey included 42 TCM, with consumption rates ranging from 2.6% to 47.3%. The top five TCM comprised Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (47.3%), Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (47.0%), Codonopsis Radix (46.4%), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (43.1%), and Siraitiae Fructus (41.5%), along with Panacis Quinquefolii Radix (41.5%). These TCM possess recognized therapeutic properties within TCM for clearing heat, drying dampness, and detoxification. Within the top decile of 10 TCM, only Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was ubiquitous across all three sub‐populations. Nonetheless, 11 TCM from the top 20 and 17 TCM from the top 30 overlapped among the three sub‐populations. The study revealed substantial variability in the consumption rates of different TCM. Notably, those with traditional Chinese medicine effects of clearing heat, drying dampness, and detoxification exhibited higher consumption rates. Disparities in the consumption rates of these TCM were noted among the Cantonese, Hakka, and Teochew populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 60‐year‐old man was hospitalized because of numbness and weakness in the right upper limb. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large mass in the right upper lobe invading the right eighth cervical and first thoracic nerve root. Biopsy pathology confirmed primary lung adenocarcinoma with a clinical stage of cT4N0M0 IIIA, negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion gene and epidermal growth factor receptor mutations but positive for programmed death ligand 1 (3%). Neoadjuvant tislelizumab and chemotherapy were offered to this patient with Pancoast tumor, and tumor shrinkage of 71% was achieved. After the operation, surgical pathology indicated pathologic complete response (pCR). Circulating tumor cells testing was negative after the first adjuvant treatment. In this case, we provide real‐world evidence of encouraging pCR with neoadjuvant tislelizumab and chemotherapy for a patient with Pancoast tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) is a neuroprotective glycosphingolipid that repairs nerves. Oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy is neurotoxic. This study assessed the efficacy of GM1 for preventing oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. Methods: In total, 196 patients with stage II/III CRC undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6 were randomly assigned to intravenous GM1 or a placebo. The primary endpoint was the rate of grade 2 or worse cumulative neurotoxicity (NCI‐CTCAE). The secondary endpoints were chronic cumulative neurotoxicity (EORTCQLQ‐CIPN20), time to grade 2 neurotoxicity (NCI‐CTCAE or the oxaliplatin‐specific neuropathy scale), acute neurotoxicity (analog scale), rates of dose reduction or withdrawal due to OIPN, 3‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and adverse events. Results: There were no significant differences between the arms in the rate of NCI‐CTCAE grade 2 or worse neurotoxicity (GM1: 33.7% vs placebo: 31.6%; P =.76) or neuropathy measured by the EORTCQLQ‐CIPN20 or time to grade 2 neurotoxicity using NCI‐CTCAE and the oxaliplatin‐specific neuropathy scale. GM1 substantially decreased participant‐reported acute neurotoxicity (sensitivity to cold items [P <.01], discomfort swallowing cold liquids [P <.01], throat discomfort [P <.01], muscle cramps [P <.01]). The rates of dose reduction or withdrawal were not significantly different between the arms (P =.08). The 3‐year DFS rates were 85% and 83% in the GM1 and placebo arms, respectively (P =.19). There were no differences in toxicity between the arms. Conclusion: Patients receiving GM1 were less troubled by the symptoms of acute neuropathy. However, we do not support the use of GM1 to prevent cumulative neurotoxicity. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02251977). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of high serum uric acid is increasingly rising in recent years, and diet behavior is perceived to be associated with it. This study aimed to explore the relationship between eating away from home (EAFH) and the risk of high serum uric acid in adults in South China. Methods: The data utilized in this study were from Guangdong Nutrition and Health Survey (NHS) 2015. Serum uric acid concentration was detected. EAFH in the past week was investigated. We defined EAFH as food consumption away from home. Dietary data were collected by 24-h recalls on 3 consecutive days. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% CI. Results: A total of 3,489 individuals were included in this study. A 1.27-fold OR (95% CI: 1.05-1.52, P = 0.012) of high serum uric acid was identified in adults with EAFH in comparison with those without EAFH. With respect to men, a 1.66-fold OR (95% CI: 1.3-2.1, P < 0.001) of high serum uric acid was observed. We also observed that men with EAFH had higher intakes of red meat, poultry, vegetable, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and total energy, while a lower grain intake than those without EAFH. However, there was a lack of significant association between EAFH and the odds ratio of high serum uric acid in women. Women with EAFH did not have higher consumptions of red meat, vegetable, fish, fat, and water than those without EAFH. Conclusions: This study found that EAFH was associated with an increased odds ratio of high serum uric acid in men, but not in women., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Chen, Wang, Ji, Jiang, Hong, Ma, Huang, Chen and Peng.)

Background & Aims: The association between dietary acid load and hypertension risk is inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize effect of dietary acid load on blood pressure., Methods: A comprehensively search was performed in electronic databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. Summary ORs and their corresponding 95% CIs were computed assuming a randomized model or fixed model., Results: Ten publications comprising 4 cohort and 6 cross-sectional studies were eligible for meta-analysis. There were 8 studies about potential renal acid load (PRAL) and 4 about net endogenous acid production (NEAP). Essential hypertension was statistically associated with higher PRAL (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02-1.17). Our findings also demonstrated a positive impact of higher PRAL on elevating both diastolic pressure (WMD = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.67-1.26) and systolic pressure (WMD = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.12-2.03). A 35% increased risk of hypertension associated with higher NEAP was identified (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03-1.78)., Conclusions: The current study suggests that dietary acid load might be potential risk factor of hypertension., (Copyright © 2019 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Prospective real-life data on the safety and effectiveness of rituximab in Chinese patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma (FL) are limited. This real-world study aimed to evaluate long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes of rituximab plus chemotherapy (R-chemo) as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with DLBCL or FL. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation management was also investigated., Methods: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm, noninterventional study of previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL or FL patients receiving first-line R-chemo treatment at 24 centers in China was conducted between January 17, 2011 and October 31, 2016. Enrolled patients underwent safety and effectiveness assessments after the last rituximab dose and were followed up for 3 years. Effectiveness endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Safety endpoints were adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, drug-related AEs, and AEs of special interest. We also reported data on the incidence of HBV reactivation., Results: In total, 283 previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL and 31 FL patients from 24 centers were enrolled. Three-year PFS was 59% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-67%) for DLBCL patients and 46% (95% CI: 20-69%) for FL patients. For DLBCL patients, multivariate analyses showed that PFS was not associated with international prognostic index, tumor maximum diameter, HBV infection status, or number of rituximab treatment cycles, and OS was only associated with age >60 years (P < 0.05). R-chemo was well tolerated. The incidence of HBV reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative/hepatitis B core antibody-positive patients was 13% (3/24) and 4% (3/69), respectively., Conclusions: R-chemo is effective and safe in real-world clinical practice as first-line treatment for DLBCL and FL in China, and that HBV reactivation during R-chemo is manageable with preventive measures and treatment., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01340443; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01340443., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest

Background: As a surrogate marker of systemic inflammation, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is an independent prognostic factor for various malignancies. This study investigated the prognostic significance of the pre-chemotherapy LMR in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving chemotherapy., Methods: The present study included newly diagnosed mCRC patients treated between January 2005 and December 2013 with FOLFOX chemotherapy, specifically oxaliplatin 180 mg/m(2) on day 1, with leucovorin 400 mg/m(2) administered as a 2-hour infusion before the administration of 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m(2) as an intravenous bolus injection, and 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg/m(2) as a 46-h infusion immediately after 5-fluorouracil bolus injection. The LMR was calculated as the absolute count of lymphocytes divided by the absolute count of monocytes. COX proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the association of LMR with survival outcomes., Results: A total of 488 patients were included. Patients with high pre-chemotherapy LMR experienced significant improvements in progression-free survival (PFS, 9.2 vs. 7.6 months, P < 0.001) and overall survival (OS, 19.4 vs. 16.6 months, P < 0.001) compared with patients with low pre-chemotherapy LMR. Subsequent COX multivariate analysis showed that high pre-chemotherapy LMR (≥3.11) was an independent favorable prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Additionally, patients whose LMR remained high (high-high subgroup), increased (low-high subgroup), or decreased (high-low subgroup) following chemotherapy showed better results in terms of PFS and OS than patients whose LMR remained low (low-low subgroup) after chemotherapy., Conclusions: For patients with previously untreated mCRC receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy, an elevated pre-chemotherapy LMR is an independent favorable prognostic factor for PFS and OS, and changes in the LMR before and after chemotherapy seem to predict the benefit of chemotherapy.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported to be associated with inferior prognosis in hepatocellular and pancreatic carcinoma cases, but has not been studied with respect to non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of HBV infection in advanced NSCLC patients., Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort of 445 advanced NSCLC patients was recruited at our hospital from January 1, 2003 until August 30, 2014. Serum HBV markers were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. COX proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate associations of HBV infection with overall survival (OS)., Results: Of 445 patients who were qualified for the study, 68 patients were positive for HBsAg, also considered as HBV infection. Patients in HBsAg negative group were found to have better OS (12.6 months [12.2-12.9]) than those in HBsAg positive group (11.30 months [10.8-11.9]; p=0.001). Furthermore, COX multivariate analysis identified HBV infection as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 0.740 [0.560, 0.978], p=0.034)., Conclusions: Our study found that HBsAg-positive status was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with advanced NSCLC. Future prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.

Background: The prognostic significance of the circulating absolute monocyte count (AMC) in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is uncertain. This study was designed to assess the association of circulating AMC with survival outcomes in patients diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic HCC receiving systemic chemotherapy., Materials and Methods: Between January 1, 2005 and December 30, 2012, locally advanced or metastatic HCC patients who had Child-Pugh stage A or B disease and received systemic chemotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. Patient features including gender, age, extrahepatic metastasis, Child-Pugh stage, serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) level and AMC were collected to investigate their prognostic impact on overall survival(OS)., Results: A total of 216 patients were eligible for the study. The optimal cut-off value of AMC for OS analysis was 0.38×10⁹/L. Median OS was 5.84 months in low-AMC group (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.23 to 6.45), and 5.21 months in high-AMC group (95% CI, 4.37 to 6.04; p=0.003). In COX multivariate analysis, elevated AMC remained as an independent prognostic factor for worse OS (HR, 1.578; 95% CI, 1.120 to 2.223, p=0.009)., Conclusions: Our results indiicate that circulating AMC is confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with locally advanced or metastatic HCC receiving systemic chemotherapy.