18 results on '"Piao, Renzhe"'
Search Results
2. Antagonistic Effects of Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on 4 Kinds of Pathogenic Bacteria of Ginseng
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YU, Hairu, YAN, Feifan, WANG, Yunlong, TONG, Xinying, CHEN, Di, YE, Qiang, PIAO, Renzhe, and ZHAO, Hongyan
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Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Ginseng diseases, Antagonistic bacteria, Screening, Identification ,Agribusiness - Abstract
[Objectives] To explore effective biocontrol methods for diseases in the process of ginseng cultivation, and develop an efficient and environmentally friendly biocontrol agent. [Methods] In this study, 2 strains were isolated from biogas slurry, and Cylindrocarpon destructans (XF), Fusarium solani (GF), Botrytis cinerea Pers (HM) and Alternaria panax Whetz (HB) were used as test materials. The strains were isolated and identified by dilution plate method, 16S rDNA sequence identification method, confrontation culture method, filter paper method and ultraviolet spectrophotometer method, and the bacteriostatic activity and bacteriostatic rate were tested. [Results] Strain 15 (Sphingomonas) and strain 19 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were screened out through identification and analysis, and they grew stably within 8-10 d. The bacteriostatic rates of strain 15 against A. panax and B. cinerea were 47.37% and 43.40%, respectively, and the bacteriostatic rates of strain 19 against A. panax and B. cinerea were 62.30% and 63.27%, respectively. The bacteriostatic activity of the extract of strain 19 increased with the increase of OD600 value, and the bacteriostatic effect was optimal when the OD600 value was in the range of 0.8-1, up to about 70%, so it had a strong biocontrol potential. [Conclusions] This experiment provides convenience for more effective inoculation, establishes a fast, simple and accurate method for the determination of the best bacteriostatic rate of P. aeruginosa culture solution to HM, and lays a foundation for large-scale culture of P. aeruginosa culture solution. Besides, it is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient control of ginseng B. cinerea in field production, use it for the prevention and control of ginseng shoot diseases, and provide a reference for the efficient and diverse development of biocontrol agents for ginseng shoot diseases.
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- 2022
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3. Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting C-N Fractions and Yield of Paddy Soils by Total Straw Return and N Fertilizer Application.
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Zhang, Liqiang, Wang, Yunlong, Lou, Zixi, Hsu, Lefei, Chen, Di, Piao, Renzhe, Zhao, Hongyan, and Cui, Zongjun
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STRAW ,SOILS ,RICE ,AGRICULTURAL development ,NITROGEN in soils ,FERTILIZERS ,FERTILIZER application - Abstract
The effective use of nutrient-rich crop straw is an important way to use resources efficiently and to sustain agricultural development. This meta-analysis study collected and analyzed the data of 6788 observations published in 238 peer-reviewed papers to investigate differences in soil C-N fractions and yields of paddy soils under different straw-return amounts. This large dataset was also used to quantify the degree of influence of factors such as climate characteristics, soil properties, N fertilizer application rates, straw-rotting agent addition, rice varieties, and straw return methods. The results showed that straw return amounts improved soil alkaline-hydrolysable N (7%), total N (10%), organic C (11%), the C:N ratio (8%), rice N accumulation (12%), and overall yield (18%). The most significant effect was in northeast China fields for total soil nitrogen (TN) content and yield with increases of 13% and 22%, respectively. We also found more effective N utilization and a greater rice yield when 220–260 kg ha
−1 N fertilizer was applied with 20–30 kg ha−1 straw-rotting agent with the total amount of straw return. These findings have important implications for choosing appropriate conditions and field management practices and to improve rice yield in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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4. Amentoflavone-Enriched Selaginella rossii Protects against Ultraviolet- and Oxidative Stress-Induced Aging in Skin Cells.
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Lee, Hwa, Kim, Soo-Yong, Lee, Sang Woo, Kwak, Sehan, Li, Hulin, Piao, Renzhe, Park, Ho-Yong, Choi, Sangho, and Jeong, Tae-Sook
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WRINKLES (Skin) ,SKIN aging ,MITOGENS ,MITOGEN-activated protein kinase kinase ,CELLULAR aging ,SELAGINELLA ,MATRIX metalloproteinases ,GENE expression - Abstract
Selaginellaceae plants are used in cosmetics to limit skin aging. This study is the first to investigate the anti-aging effects of Selaginella rossii (SR) on ultraviolet B (UVB)- and oxidative stress-induced skin cells. The 95% ethanol extract of Selaginella rossii (SR95E) contained much higher amounts of amentoflavone (AMF), an active compound, than other Selaginellaceae plants and was more effective in inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression in CCD-986sk fibroblasts. SR95E significantly decreased UVB-induced MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 expression and enhanced procollagen type I C-peptide content and mRNA expression of collagen type I alpha (COL1A)1 and COL1A2 in CCD-986sk fibroblasts. In HaCaT keratinocytes, SR95E treatment also dose-dependently decreased UVB-induced MMP-1 concentration and MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNA expression. Moreover, SR95E treatment markedly inhibited UVB-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, SR95E and AMF markedly regulated the 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced expression of cellular senescence-related markers, including p16, p21 and LMNB1, in HaCaT cells. Overall, this study indicates that SR may have potential as a functional material on preventing UVB- and AAPH-induced skin aging and wrinkles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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5. Amentoflavone-Enriched Selaginella rossii Warb. Suppresses Body Weight and Hyperglycemia by Inhibiting Intestinal Lipid Absorption in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.
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Lee, Hwa, Cho, Seona, Kim, Soo-Yong, Ju, Jeongha, Lee, Sang Woo, Choi, Sangho, Li, Hulin, Piao, Renzhe, Park, Ho-Yong, and Jeong, Tae-Sook
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ATP-binding cassette transporters ,INTESTINAL absorption ,HIGH-fat diet ,BODY weight ,FATTY acid-binding proteins ,HYPERGLYCEMIA - Abstract
Many Selaginellaceae species are used as traditional medicines in Asia. This study is the first to investigate the anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of Selaginella rossii (SR) in high-fat diet (HFD)–fed C57BL/6J mice. Seven-day oral administration of ethanol extract (100 mg/kg/day) or ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract (50 mg/kg/day) from SR improved oral fat tolerance by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption; 10-week long-term administration of the EtOAc extract markedly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain and hyperglycemia by reducing adipocyte hypertrophy, glucose levels, HbA1c, and plasma insulin levels. Treatment with SR extracts reduced the expression of intestinal lipid absorption-related genes, including Cd36, fatty acid-binding protein 6, ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 8, NPC1 like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1. In addition, the EtOAc extract increased the expression of protein absorption–related solute carrier family genes, including Slc15a1, Slc8a2, and Slc6a9. SR extracts reduced HFD-induced hepatic steatosis by suppressing fatty acid transport to hepatocytes and hepatic lipid accumulation. Furthermore, amentoflavone (AMF), the primary compound in SR extracts, reduced intestinal lipid absorption by inhibiting fatty acid transport in HFD-fed mice. AMF-enriched SR extracts effectively protected against HFD-induced body weight gain and hyperglycemia by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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6. Effects of Biogas Slurry Recirculation on Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Maize Straw Silage
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LIU, Xinhe, LI, Nan, YANG, Mengya, ZHANG, Benyue, XU, Guangbo, PIAO, Renzhe, and ZHAO, Hongyan
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food and beverages ,Agribusiness ,Biogas slurry recirculation, Maize straw silage, Anaerobic digestion performance, Biomass resources - Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of slurry recirculation technology on anaerobic digestion performance of maize straw silage, maize straw silage was fermented with recirculated biogas slurry, and the gas production, pH value, methane content, volatile organic acids (VFAs) contents, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate and other indicators were studied. The results showed that the fermentation time was positively correlated with daily gas production, methane content, cumulative gas production, VFAs and COD removal rate. Although the pH value fluctuated, it was still in the normal reaction range. The daily gas production was about 1.26 L. The acetic acid content increased first, then decreased, then increased, and finally stabilized. The biogas slurry recirculation technology saves water resources by 40 mL/d without affecting the normal gas production of anaerobic fermentation, and reduces the consumption of environmental resources. It has important development significance for the sustainable use of biomass resources.
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- 2018
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7. The Impacts on Spinach Growth and Yield by Biological Organic Fertilizer
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LIU, Hongdou, JIN, Hailin, LI, Nan, LIU, Xinhe, LI, Xue, CONG, Fanteng, PIAO, Renzhe, and ZHAO, Hongyan
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food and beverages ,Agribusiness ,Organic fertilizer, Chemical fertilizer, Spinach, Proportion - Abstract
To decrease fertilization amount of chemical fertilizer and improve the quality of vegetable crops, spinach was taken as the test material, and the impact of different fertilizer on spinach growth and yield was studied via the manners of biological organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer. Experimental results showed that in the formula of organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer, chlorophyll and nitrogen contents in spinach leaves obviously increased; in the formula of only adding organic fertilizer, spinach leaf temperature, leaf width, root length, plant height and fresh weight were all better than those in the formula of organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer, and better formulas were A5, E5, F3 and I5, in which spinach plant height in E5 was 5.63 times higher than G5, root length in E5 was 2.67 times higher than G5, and fresh weight in G5 was 32.6 times higher than G5. By comprehensive analysis, the most suitable formula for spinach production was E5, and the research could provide theoretic basis for fertilization amount of organic fertilizer required by spinach growth and development.
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- 2018
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8. Changes in Soil Nutrients of Farmland with Different Cultivation Years of Panax ginseng
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GE Changming, WANG Xin, WU Aixuan, LU Yun, ZHAO Hongyan, and PIAO Renzhe
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Agribusiness ,Farmland with cultivation of Panax ginseng, Soil nutrients, Cultivation years - Abstract
Through analyzing the soil organic matters (N, P, K) of farmland cultivated with different years of Panax ginseng, this paper studied the changes in soil nutrients of farmland with different vertical depths and cultivation years of P. ginseng. Results indicated that the vertical structure was obvious in soil nutrients of farmland with different cultivation years of P. ginseng; in most cases, the soil nutrient content gradually declined with the fibrous roots of P. ginseng spreading downward; the soil electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen, available phosphorus were manifested as surface layer > root layer > bottom layer, while the available potassium was manifested as surface soil and bottom layer > root layer; the soil pH changed in the range of 5.69-6.22, suitable for growth of P. ginseng. It is expected to provide theoretical basis for improvement of soil nutrients of farmland with cultivation of P. ginseng.
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- 2017
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9. Effect of Spent Mushroom Substrate on Physical and Chemical Properties and Enzymic Activity of Rice
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YU, Hairu, LI, Xue, ZHANG, Xin, GE, Changming, PIAO, Renzhe, LI, Meishan, CUI, Zongjun, and ZHAO, Hongyan
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Spent mushroom substrate ,fungi ,Physical and chemical indicators ,food and beverages ,Enzymic activity ,Agribusiness ,Rice - Abstract
In order to explore the substitution substrate for rice seedling on upland fields, this paper uses spent mushroom substrate to study the physical and chemical properties of substrate, enzymic activity and number of tillers during the cultivation of rice seedling on upland fields. The results show that at the three stages of rice seedling cultivation (two-leaf stage, three-leaf stage, four-leaf stage), the content of organic matter and EC in spent mushroom substrate is higher than in the control soil, pH is within the range suitable for the growth of rice, and other nutrients (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus) are slightly different in different periods; except phosphatase, there are significant differences in urease, catalase and sucrase between spent mushroom substrate and the control soil; the number of tillers under spent mushroom substrate is larger than under the control.
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- 2016
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10. Effects of Agitating Intensity on Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Corn Straw Silage
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ZHANG, Xin, LI, Xue, ZHANG, Benyue, GE, Changming, PIAO, Renzhe, WANG, Weidong, and ZHAO, Hongyan
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Anaerobic digestion ,Biogas ,Agribusiness ,Corn straws ,Agitating intensity - Abstract
Anaerobic fermentation can increase biomass energy use efficiency of crop straws and realizes win-win of energy and environment. This paper explored the biogas generation performance of anaerobic digestion of cow dung liquid as nitrogen source in three different levels of stirring intensity at 30℃ constant temperature condition. Through pH value, biogas production, chemical oxygen demand (COD), methane content, volatile fatty acid (VFA), principal component analysis (PCA) and modified Gompertz model, effects of agitating intensity on anaerobic digestion performance of corn straw silage were evaluated. Results indicate that the COD removal rate of three agitating intensity levels is higher than 85%, and pH value is about 6.5; the cumulative biogas production after 20 days is 2 h > 4 h > 1 h of agitating; in the 49th day, the biogas production is 1.9 L at 30 min / 2 h, 1.7 L at 30 min / 4h, and 1.6 L at 30 min / h; the maximum biogas production rate is 30 min / 2 h > 30 min / 4 h>30 min / h; and the maximum methane production rate is 30 min / 4 h > 30 min / 2 h > 30 min / h; in the same energy consumption, the biogas production at 30 min / 4h is higher than 1 h. In conclusion, overall analysis of energy consumption and economic factors indicate that 30 min/ 4 h agitating intensity is more suitable for straw biogas fermentation project. This study is expected to provide theoretical foundation for biogas fermentation project.
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- 2016
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11. Feasibility Study on Soilless Cultivation of Organic Ginseng
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JIN, Yuji, ZHAO, Hongyan, LI, Xiangguo, and PIAO, Renzhe
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Medium culture ,Feasibility ,Agribusiness ,Organic ginseng - Abstract
Based on the present situation and problems concerning ginseng cultivation as well as soilless cultivation features, we analyze the growth indicators and input-output ratio of different ginseng cultivation patterns, and conform that the soilless cultivation technology for organic ginseng is feasible. And this technology provides theoretical basis and technological feasibility for the sustainable development of ginseng industry.
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- 2015
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12. Differentiating Authentic Adenophorae Radix from Its Adulterants in Commercially-Processed Samples Using Multiplexed ITS Sequence-Based SCAR Markers.
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Byeong Cheol Moon, Wook Jin Kim, Kyeong Suk Han, Sungyu Yang, Youngmin Kang, Inkyu Park, and Piao, Renzhe
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HERBAL medicine ,QUALITY control ,BIOMARKERS - Abstract
Determining the precise botanical origin of a traditional herbal medicine is important for basic quality control. In both the Chinese and Korean herbal pharmacopoeia, authentic Adenophorae Radix is defined as the roots of Adenophora stricta and Adenophora triphylla. However, the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata, Codonopsis pilosula, and Glehnia littoralis are frequently distributed as Adenophorae Radix in Korean herbal markets. Unfortunately, correctly identifying dried roots is difficult using conventional methods because the roots of those species are morphologically similar. Therefore, we developed DNA-based markers for the identification of authentic Adenophorae Radix and its common adulterants in commercially-processed samples. To develop a reliable method to discriminate between Adenophorae Radix and its adulterants, we sequenced the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (nrDNA-ITS) and designed sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers specific to the authentic and adulterant species. Using these primers, we developed SCAR markers for each species and established a multiplex-PCR method that can authenticate the four herbal medicines in a single PCR reaction. Furthermore, we confirmed that commercially-processed herbal medicines, which often have degraded DNA, could be assessed with our method. Therefore, our method is a reliable genetic tool to protect against adulteration and to standardize the quality of Adenophorae Radix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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13. Impact of Temperature on the Performance and Character of the Methanogenic Community of a Fixed-Bed Anaerobic Reactor at Psychrophilic Temperature.
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Zhao, Hongyan, Liu, Hongdou, Sun, Yu, Zhang, Liqiang, Fazl, Ullah, Piao, Renzhe, Wang, Weidong, and Cui, Zongjun
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ANAEROBIC reactors ,BIOGAS production ,LOW temperatures ,TEMPERATURE ,TEMPERATURE effect ,MICROBIAL communities ,BIOFILMS ,PEBBLE bed reactors - Abstract
To determine the effects of a gradual temperature decrease on reactor performance and the microbial community, four fixed-bed reactors that were packed with a biofilm carrier were operated for 217 days. The temperature of the reactors was decreased from 30 °C to 3 °C. The reactors initially soured at 3 °C and recovered when they were returned to 4 °C, as indicated by the stabilization of biogas production, methane production, VFA concentration, pH, and the COD removal rate. Our results also revealed that methanomicrobiales were the dominant methanogen, the concentration of the 16S rRNA gene in the carbon-fiber carrier sludge exceeded the same gene concentration in the deposited sludge, and that the carbon-fiber carrier played an important role in methanomicrobiale colonization at low temperatures. We suggest that 4 °C is the low-temperature threshold for optimal reactor performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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14. Impact of Organic Loading Rate on Performance and Methanogenic Microbial Communities of a Fixed-Bed Anaerobic Reactor at 4 °C.
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Zhao, Hongyan, Yan, Feifan, Li, Xue, Piao, Renzhe, Wang, Weidong, and Cui, Zongjun
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ANAEROBIC reactors ,MICROBIAL communities ,IMPACT loads ,BIOGAS production ,CHEMICAL oxygen demand ,PEBBLE bed reactors ,PROPIONIC acid - Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of producing biogas in a fixed-bed anaerobic reactor at 4 °C with a gradual increase in organic loading rate (OLR). Reactor efficiency was highest when OLR was 4.33 kg/m
3 ·d, whereas the reactor acidification occurred when OLR was 4.67 kg/m3 ·d. The values of methane content, biogas production, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate, biogas production rate, acetic acid content, and propionic acid content were 69.3%, 5.33 L, 59.8%, 1.03 L/OLR, 0.17 g/L, and 1.15 g/L, respectively. The pH was stable and ranged from 7.2 to 6.8 when the reactor was operating at 4 °C during OLR increase. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that the dominant archaea were Methanosaetaceae at 30 °C. At 4 °C, the dominant archaea were Methanomicrobiales, which were more abundant in adhering sludge compared to settled sludge. In conclusion, operating a fixed-bed anaerobic reactor at psychrophilic temperatures is more suitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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15. Degradation of lignocelluloses in straw using AC-1, a thermophilic composite microbial system.
- Author
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Liu H, Zhang L, Sun Y, Xu G, Wang W, Piao R, Cui Z, and Zhao H
- Abstract
In composting, the degradation of lignocellulose in straw is problematic due to its complex structures such as lignin. A common solution to this problem is the addition of exogenous inoculants. AC-1, a stable thermophilic microbial composite, was isolated from high temperature compost samples that can decompose lignocellulose at 50-70 °C. AC-1 had a best degradation efficiency of rice straw at 60 °C (78.92%), of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were 82.49%, 97.20% and 20.12%, respectively. It showed degrad-ability on both simple (filter paper, absorbent cotton) and complex (rice straw) cellulose materials. It produced acetic and formic acid during decomposition process and the pH had a trend of first downward then upward. High throughput sequencing revealed the main bacterial components of AC-1 were Tepidimicrobium , Haloplasma, norank-f-Limnochordaceae, Ruminiclostridium and Rhodothermus which provides major theoretical basis for further application of AC-1., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2021 Liu et al.)
- Published
- 2021
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16. The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. and Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, and Comparative Analysis with Other Fritillaria Species.
- Author
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Park I, Kim WJ, Yeo SM, Choi G, Kang YM, Piao R, and Moon BC
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- Genomics, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Phylogeny, Plants, Medicinal genetics, RNA, Transfer genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Chloroplasts genetics, Evolution, Molecular, Fritillaria genetics, Genome, Chloroplast genetics
- Abstract
The genus Fritillaria belongs to the widely distributed Liliaceae. The bulbs of Fritillaria , F. ussuriensis and F. cirrhosa are valuable herbaceous medicinal ingredients. However, they are still used indiscriminately in herbal medicine. Identification and molecular phylogenic analysis of Fritillaria species are therefore required. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (CP) genome sequences of F. ussuriensis and F. cirrhosa . The two Fritillaria CP genomes were 151,524 and 151,083 bp in length, respectively, and each included a pair of inverted repeated regions (52,678 and 52,156 bp) that was separated by a large single copy region (81,732 and 81,390 bp), and a small single copy region (17,114 and 17,537 bp). A total of 111 genes in F. ussuriensis and 112 in F. cirrhosa comprised 77 protein-coding regions in F. ussuriensis and 78 in F. cirrhosa , 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and four ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The gene order, content, and orientation of the two Fritillaria CP genomes exhibited the general structure of flowering plants, and were similar to those of other Fritillaria species. Comparison of the six Fritillaria species' CP genomes indicated seven highly divergent regions in intergenic spacers and in the matK , rpoC1 , rpoC2 , ycf1 , ycf2 , ndhD , and ndhF coding regions. We established the position of the six species through phylogenic analysis. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of the two Fritillaria species and a comparison study are useful genomic information for identifying and for studying the phylogenetic relationship among Fritillaria species within the Liliaceae., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2017
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17. Evaluation of Biogas Production Performance and Archaeal Microbial Dynamics of Corn Straw during Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Cattle Manure Liquid.
- Author
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Zhang B, Zhao H, Yu H, Chen D, Li X, Wang W, Piao R, and Cui Z
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- Anaerobiosis, Animals, Archaea classification, Archaea genetics, Archaea isolation & purification, Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis, Bioreactors, Cattle, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Manure analysis, Methane metabolism, Microbial Consortia genetics, Nitrogen metabolism, Silage microbiology, Zea mays chemistry, Archaea metabolism, Biofuels analysis, Manure microbiology, Microbial Consortia physiology, Zea mays metabolism
- Abstract
The rational utilization of crop straw as a raw material for natural gas production is of economic significance. In order to increase the efficiency of biogas production from agricultural straw, seasonal restrictions must be overcome. Therefore, the potential for biogas production via anaerobic straw digestion was assessed by exposing fresh, silage, and dry yellow corn straw to cow dung liquid extract as a nitrogen source. The characteristics of anaerobic corn straw digestion were comprehensively evaluated by measuring the pH, gas production, chemical oxygen demand, methane production, and volatile fatty acid content, as well as applying a modified Gompertz model and high-throughput sequencing technology to the resident microbial community. The efficiency of biogas production from fresh straw (433.8 ml/g) was higher than that of production from straw silage and dry yellow straw (46.55 ml/g and 68.75 ml/g, respectively). The cumulative biogas production from fresh straw, silage straw, and dry yellow straw was 365 l(-1) g(-1) VS, 322 l(-1) g-1 VS, and 304 l(-1) g(-1) VS, respectively, whereas cumulative methane production was 1,426.33%, 1,351.35%, and 1,286.14%, respectively, and potential biogas production was 470.06 ml(-1) g(-1) VS, 461.73 ml(-1) g(-1) VS, and 451.76 ml(-1) g(-1) VS, respectively. Microbial community analysis showed that the corn straw was mainly metabolized by acetate-utilizing methanogens, with Methanosaeta as the dominant archaeal community. These findings provide important guidance to the biogas industry and farmers with respect to rational and efficient utilization of crop straw resources as material for biogas production.
- Published
- 2016
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18. Degradation of lignocelluloses in rice straw by BMC-9, a composite microbial system.
- Author
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Zhao H, Yu H, Yuan X, Piao R, Li H, Wang X, and Cui Z
- Subjects
- Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Biomass, Fermentation, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Biodegradation, Environmental, Lignin metabolism, Oryza metabolism, Oryza microbiology
- Abstract
To evaluate the potential utility of pretreatment of raw biomass with a complex microbial system, we investigated the degradation of rice straw by BMC-9, a lignocellulose decomposition strain obtained from a biogas slurry compost environment. The degradation characteristics and corresponding changes in the bacterial community were assessed. The results showed that rapid degradation occurred from day 0 to day 9, with a peak total biomass bacterium concentration of 3.3 × 10(8) copies/ml on day 1. The pH of the fermentation broth declined initially and then increased, and the mass of rice straw decreased steadily. The highest concentrations of volatile fatty acid contents (0.291 mg/l lactic acid, 0.31 mg/l formic acid, 1.93 mg/l acetic acid, and 0.73 mg/l propionic acid) as well as the highest xylanse activity (1.79 U/ml) and carboxymethyl cellulase activity (0.37 U/ml) occurred on day 9. The greatest diversity among the microbial community also occurred on day 9, with the presence of bacteria belonging to Clostridium sp., Bacillus sp., and Geobacillus sp. Together, our results indicate that BMC-9 has a strong ability to rapidly degrade the lignocelluloses of rice straw under relatively inexpensive conditions, and the optimum fermentation time is 9 days.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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