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5. Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis

Author

Petzold, Axel, Fraser, Clare L, Abegg, Mathias, Alroughani, Raed, Alshowaeir, Daniah, Alvarenga, Regina, Andris, Cécile, Asgari, Nasrin, Barnett, Yael, Battistella, Roberto, Behbehani, Raed, Berger, Thomas, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Biotti, Damien, Biousse, Valerie, Boschi, Antonella, Brazdil, Milan, Brezhnev, Andrei, Calabresi, Peter A, Cordonnier, Monique, Costello, Fiona, Cruz, Franz M, Cunha, Leonardo Provetti, Daoudi, Smail, Deschamps, Romain, de Seze, Jerome, Diem, Ricarda, Etemadifar, Masoud, Flores-Rivera, Jose, Fonseca, Pedro, Frederiksen, Jette, Frohman, Elliot, Frohman, Teresa, Tilikete, Caroline Froment, Fujihara, Kazuo, Gálvez, Alberto, Gouider, Riadh, Gracia, Fernando, Grigoriadis, Nikolaos, Guajardo, José M, Habek, Mario, Hawlina, Marko, Martínez-Lapiscina, Elena H, Hooker, Juzar, Hor, Jyh Yung, Howlett, William, Huang-Link, Yumin, Idrissova, Zhannat, Illes, Zsolt, Jancic, Jasna, Jindahra, Panitha, Karussis, Dimitrios, Kerty, Emilia, Kim, Ho Jin, Lagrèze, Wolf, Leocani, Letizia, Levin, Netta, Liskova, Petra, Liu, Yaou, Maiga, Youssoufa, Marignier, Romain, McGuigan, Chris, Meira, Dália, Merle, Harold, Monteiro, Mário L R, Moodley, Anand, Moura, Frederico, Muñoz, Silvia, Mustafa, Sharik, Nakashima, Ichiro, Noval, Susana, Oehninger, Carlos, Ogun, Olufunmilola, Omoti, Afekhide, Pandit, Lekha, Paul, Friedemann, Rebolleda, Gema, Reddel, Stephen, Rejdak, Konrad, Rejdak, Robert, Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J, Rougier, Marie-Bénédicte, Sa, Maria Jose, Sanchez-Dalmau, Bernardo, Saylor, Deanna, Shatriah, Ismail, Siva, Aksel, Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas, Szatmary, Gabriella, Ta, Linh, Tenembaum, Silvia, Tran, Huy, Trufanov, Yevgen, van Pesch, Vincent, Wang, An-Guor, Wattjes, Mike P, Willoughby, Ernest, Zakaria, Magd, Zvornicanin, Jasmin, Balcer, Laura, and Plant, Gordon T

Published
2022
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6. Differentiating glaucoma from chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography: the macular naso-temporal ratio.

Author

Kleerekooper, Iris, Wagner, Siegfried K., Trip, S. Anand, Plant, Gordon T., Petzold, Axel, Keane, Pearse A., and Khawaja, Anthony P.

Abstract

Background/aims The analysis of visual field loss patterns is clinically useful to guide differential diagnosis of visual pathway pathology. This study investigates whether a novel index of macular atrophy patterns can discriminate between chiasmal compression and glaucoma. Methods A retrospective series of patients with preoperative chiasmal compression, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy controls. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were analysed for the macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness. The nasal hemi-macula was compared with the temporal hemi-macula to derive the macular naso-temporal ratio (mNTR). Differences between groups and diagnostic accuracy were explored with multivariable linear regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results We included 111 individuals (31 with chiasmal compression, 30 with POAG and 50 healthy controls). Compared with healthy controls, the mNTR was significantly greater in POAG cases (ß=0.07, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.11, p=0.001) and lower in chiasmal compression cases (ß=-0.12, 95% CI -0.16 to -0.09, p<0.001), even though overall mGCIPL thickness did not discriminate between these pathologies (p=0.36). The mNTR distinguished POAG from chiasmal compression with an AUC of 95.3% (95% CI 90% to 100%). The AUCs when comparing healthy controls to POAG and chiasmal compression were 79.0% (95% CI 68% to 90%) and 89.0% (95% CI 80% to 98%), respectively. Conclusions The mNTR can distinguish between chiasmal compression and POAG with high discrimination. This ratio may provide utility over-and-above previously reported sectoral thinning metrics. Incorporation of mNTR into the output of OCT instruments may aid earlier diagnosis of chiasmal compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Anticholinergic syndrome: blurred vision and headache.

Author

McAnena, Lisa, Plant, Gordon T., and Sui Hsien Wong

Subjects
*PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC agents, *NORTRIPTYLINE (Drug), *QUETIAPINE, *PUPIL diseases, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *VISUAL acuity, *VISION disorders, *HEADACHE
Abstract

A young woman presented with blurred vision due to anticholinergic syndrome. We highlight the importance of considering this condition in the context of multiple medications and increased anticholinergic burden. The documented pupil abnormality gives an opportunity to review the syndrome of the reverse (inverse) Argyll Robertson pupil (preserved pupil light response with loss of accommodation). We review other situations in which the reverse Argyll Robertson pupil may occur and its possible mechanism in this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. 'Hemispherical asymmetry in the Meyer's loop': a prospective study of visual-field deficits in 105 cases undergoing anterior temporal lobe resection for epilepsy

Author

Jeelani, N.u Owase, Jindahra, Panitha, Tamber, Mandeep S., Poon, Tak Lap, Kabasele, Paul, James-Galton, Merle, Stevens, John, Duncan, John, McEvoy, Andrew W., Harkness, William, and Plant, Gordon T.

Subjects
Temporal lobe epilepsy -- Care and treatment, Temporal lobe epilepsy -- Complications and side effects, Temporal lobe epilepsy -- Research, Hemispherectomy -- Complications and side effects, Hemispherectomy -- Research, Vision disorders -- Research, Visual cortex -- Physiological aspects, Visual cortex -- Research, Visual fields -- Physiological aspects, Visual fields -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2010

35. Potential Uses for Precision Tinted Lenses in a Neurology Clinic.

Author

Wilkins, Arnold J., Evans, Bruce J. W., and Plant, Gordon T.

Subjects
COLORIMETERS, NEUROLOGICAL disorders, PHOBIAS, SEIZURES (Medicine), EPILEPSY
Abstract

Photophobia is a complex disorder that can involve aversion not simply to bright light but to spatial patterns, colour and flicker. The use of tinted lenses to reduce photophobia in neurological diseases has a long history. Rarely has the possibility that different individuals might require lenses individually tailored to their needs been considered. Here we explore this possibility using the Intuitive Colorimeter system. The colorimeter illuminates text with coloured light and permits the colour, strength of colour and brightness to be manipulated separately. Many individuals find that a colour other than white is comfortable for viewing text. This colour is optimized in the colorimeter by a search strategy that allows for colour adaptation. Spectacle lenses are then individually tinted so that the chosen colour is experienced under conventional lighting. In this article, we review the use of the Intuitive Colorimeter in photosensitive epilepsy, autism, migraine, cluster headache, visual snow, stroke, multiple sclerosis and concussion; these are disorders in which individually coloured tints have featured in scientific and clinical reports. The evidence is preliminary rather than conclusive, but it suggests that precision tints can reduce photophobia. In patients with autism, the perception of emotion in facial expression is improved. Occasionally, the clinical benefit extends to the reduction of seizures and headaches and to an increase in reading speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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36. Optic neuritis with potential for poor outcome.

Author

Cooper, Sarah A., Leddy, Sara Geraldine, Skipper, Nicholas Tom, Barrett, Victoria J. M., and Plant, Gordon T.

Subjects
MULTIPLE sclerosis, AUTOANTIBODIES, ADRENOCORTICAL hormones, PLASMA exchange (Therapeutics), DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis, OPTIC neuritis, NEURORADIOLOGY
Abstract

The Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial previously reported that corticosteroids accelerated visual recovery in optic neuritis (ON) without improving outcome. This finding related largely to multiple sclerosis (MS), and subsequently neurologists tended to await spontaneous recovery in ON. Since then, non-MS cases of ON have been identified with antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). These disorders can closely mimic multiple sclerosis-associated or idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis (MS/IDON) initially but risk a worse visual outcome. Scrutinising the clinical features and neuroimaging often enables differentiation between MS/IDON and other causes of ON. Early treatment with high-dose corticosteroids is an important determinant of visual outcome in non-MS/IDON. Prompt use of plasma exchange may also save sight. In this review, we contrast the presentations of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) and aquaporin 4 associated optic neuritis (AQP4-ON) with MS/IDON and provide an approach to acute management while awaiting results of antibody testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Assessment of Opicinumab in Acute Optic Neuritis Using Multifocal Visual Evoked Potential

Author

Klistorner, Alexander, Chai, Yi, Leocani, Letizia, Albrecht, Philipp, Aktas, Orhan, Butzkueven, Helmut, Ziemssen, Tjalf, Ziemssen, Focke, Frederiksen, Jette, Xu, Lei, Cadavid, Diego, Garrick, Ray, Vanopdenbosch, Ludo, Comi, Giancarlo, Dalmau, Bernardo Sánchez, Andersson, Magnus, Plant, Gordon T., Matthews, Tim, Williams, Graeme, Klistorner, Alexander, Chai, Yi, Leocani, Letizia, Albrecht, Philipp, Aktas, Orhan, Butzkueven, Helmut, Ziemssen, Tjalf, Ziemssen, Focke, Frederiksen, Jette, Xu, Lei, Cadavid, Diego, Garrick, Ray, Vanopdenbosch, Ludo, Comi, Giancarlo, Dalmau, Bernardo Sánchez, Andersson, Magnu, Plant, Gordon T., Matthews, Tim, and Williams, Graeme

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Optic Neuritis, Time Factors, Neurology, genetic structures, Population, Placebo, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Optic neuritis, Pharmacology (medical), Original Research Article, Evoked potential, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Repeated measures design, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Visual field, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Acute Disease, Visual Perception, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Female, Neurology (clinical), sense organs, Visual Fields, business, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Multifocal visual evoked potential (MF-VEP) assesses a wider visual field than full-field VEP (FF-VEP) and potentially offers a more precise analysis of optic nerve injury and repair following optic neuritis. MF-VEP may offer advantages over FF-VEP as an endpoint in clinical trials of remyelinating therapies.OBJECTIVE: MF-VEP testing was used to study changes in visual pathways in 48% of RENEW [phase II, opicinumab (anti-LINGO-1; BIIB033) vs. placebo after first acute unilateral optic neuritis] participants.METHODS: This exploratory MF-VEP RENEW substudy compared mean outcomes at weeks 24 and 32 among participants in the intent-to-treat (ITT; n = 39; 72% female; mean age: 32.3 years) and per-protocol (PP; n = 31; 71% female; mean age: 32.2 years) populations in affected and fellow eye latency from fellow eye baseline latency and affected and fellow eye amplitude from their own baselines. Treatment differences were evaluated using analysis of covariance (week 24) and a mixed-effect model of repeated measures (week 32). Last observation carried forward was used to impute missing data at week 24.RESULTS: A trend for improvement in affected eye MF-VEP latency with opicinumab versus placebo was seen in the ITT and PP populations at weeks 24 and 32. Both treatment groups in the ITT population experienced partial recovery of amplitude in the affected eye at week 32. Notably, the mean change in fellow eye amplitude at weeks 24 and 32 was - 17.57 and - 31.41 nanovolts (nV) in placebo but only - 0.59 and 1.93 nV in the opicinumab group [differences at weeks 24 and 32: 16.98 nV (p = 0.050) and 33.33 nV (p CONCLUSION: Results from this substudy showed advantages of MF-VEP over FF-VEP in multicenter studies of central nervous system reparative therapies and provide novel evidence that fellow eye visual pathway amplitude loss occurs after optic neuritis but can potentially be prevented by opicinumab treatment.REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01721161.

Published
2018

39. Application of diagnostic criteria for optic neuritis – Authors' reply

Author

Fraser, Clare, Abegg, Mathias, Alroughani, Raed, Alshowaeir, Daniah, Alvarenga, Regina, Andris, Cécile, Asgari, Nasrin, Barnett, Yael, Battistella, Roberto, Behbehani, Raed, Berger, Thomas, Bikbov, Mukharram M., Biotti, Damien, Biousse, Valerie, Boschi, Antonella, Brazdil, Milan, Brezhnev, Andrei, Calabresi, Peter, Cordonnier, Monique, Costello, Fiona, Cruz, Franz Marie, Cunha, Leonardo Provetti, Daoudi, Smail, Deschamps, Romain, DeSeze, Jerome, Diem, Ricarda, Etemadifar, Masoud, Flores-Rivera, Jose, Fonseca, Pedro, Frederiksen, Jette, Frohman, Elliot, Frohman, Teresa, FromentTilikete, Caroline, Fujihara, Kazuo, Gálvez, Alberto, Gouider, Riadh, Gracia, Fernando, Grigoriadis, Nikolaos, Guajardo, José Manuel, Habek, Mario, Hawlina, Marko, Hernández-Martínez de Lapiscina, Elena, Hooker, Juzar, Hor, Jyh Yung, Howlett, William, Huang-Link, Yumin, Idrissova, Zhannat, Illes, Zsolt, Jancic, Jasna, Jindahra, Panitha, Karussis, Dimitrios, Kerty, Emilia, Kim, Ho Jin, Lagrèze, Wolf, Leocani, Letizia, Levin, Netta, Liskova, Petra, Maiga, Youssoufa, Marignier, Romain, McGuigan, Chris, Meira, Dália, Merle, Harold, Monteiro, Mário L.R., Moodley, Anand, Moura, Frederico, Muñoz, Silvia, Mustafa, Sharik, Nakashima, Ichiro, Noval, Susana, Oehninger, Carlos, Ogun, Olufunmilola, Omoti, Afekhide, Pandit, Lekha, Paul, Friedemann, Rebolleda, Gema, Reddel, Stephen, Rejdak, Konrad, Rejdak, Robert, Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso, Rougier, Marie-Bénédicte, Sa, Maria Jose, Sanchez-Dalmau, Bernardo, Saylor, Deanna, Shatriah, Ismail, Siva, Aksel, Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas, Szatmary, Gabriella, Ta, Linh, Tenembaum, Sylvia, Tran, Huy, Trufanov, Yevgen, VanPesch, Vincent, Wang, An-Guor, Wattjes, Mike P., Willoughby, Ernie, Zakaria, Magd, Zvornicanin, Jasmin, Balcer, Laura, Plant, Gordon T., Petzold, Axel, and Liu, Yaou

Published
2023
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40. Risk factors for early visual deterioration in temporal arteritis

Author

Loddenkemper, Tobias, Sharma, Pankaj, Katzan, I., and Plant, Gordon T.

Subjects
Giant cell arteritis -- Complications and side effects, Giant cell arteritis -- Patient outcomes, Giant cell arteritis -- Research, Blindness -- Risk factors, Blindness -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2007

42. Bilateral optic neuritis as a first presentation of lymph node tuberculosis.

Author

Keshavan, Ashvini, McAnena, Lisa, Acheson, James F., Booth, Helen, Plant, Gordon T., and Khaleeli, Zhaleh

Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS diagnosis, BIOPSY, OPTIC nerve diseases, LYMPH nodes, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, OPTIC neuritis, TUBERCULOSIS, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) may affect the nervous system in many ways. We describe an immunocompetent teenage girl with lymph node TB who had first presented with bilateral optic neuritis. Detailed history identified features inconsistent with immune-mediated optic neuritis. Several unusual features prompted further investigation, including transient visual obscurations without raised intracranial pressure, prominent disc swelling and absence of laboratory findings to support an immune- mediated cause. Whole body PET/ MR imaging identified widespread mediastinal and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. Despite no known TB contacts, a negative interferon gamma release assay and a normal chest X-ray, a targeted lymph node biopsy confirmed TB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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44. Botulinum toxin treatment for hyperlacrimation secondary to aberrant regenerated seventh nerve palsy or salivary gland transplantation. (Scientific Correspondence)

Author

Keegan, David J., Geerling, Gerd, Lee, John P., Blake, Glen, Collin, J. Richard, and Plant, Gordon T.

Subjects
Salivary glands -- secretions, Tearing -- Care and treatment, Saliva, Health
Abstract

Aim: To investigate the potential of botulinum toxin A for treating hyperlacrimation. Methods: Three patients with unilateral symptoms of hyperlacrimation (diagnosed as 'crocodile tearing') and one patient with a submandibular [...]

Published
2002

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