29 results on '"Plestid, Ryan"'
Search Results
2. Generalized eikonal identities for charged currents
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Dark fluxes from electromagnetic cascades
- Author
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Blinov, Nikita, Fox, Patrick J., Kelly, Kevin J., Machado, Pedro A. N., and Plestid, Ryan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Searching for millicharged particles with 1 kg of Skipper-CCDs using the NuMI beam at Fermilab
- Author
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Perez, Santiago, Rodrigues, Dario, Estrada, Juan, Harnik, Roni, Liu, Zhen, Cervantes-Vergara, Brenda A., D’Olivo, Juan Carlos, Plestid, Ryan D., Tiffenberg, Javier, Yu, Tien-Tien, Aguilar-Arevalo, Alexis, Alcalde-Bessia, Fabricio, Avalos, Nicolás, Baez, Oscar, Baxter, Daniel, Bertou, Xavier, Bonifazi, Carla, Botti, Ana, Cancelo, Gustavo, Castelló-Mor, Nuria, Chavarria, Alvaro E., Chavez, Claudio R., Chierchie, Fernando, De Egea, Juan Manuel, Dreyer, Cyrus, Drlica-Wagner, Alex, Essig, Rouven, Estrada, Ezequiel, Etzion, Erez, Grylls, Paul, Fernandez-Moroni, Guillermo, Fernández-Serra, Marivi, Ferreyra, Santiago, Holland, Stephen, Barreda, Agustín Lantero, Lathrop, Andrew, Lawson, Ian, Loer, Ben, Luoma, Steffon, Villalpando, Edgar Marrufo, Montero, Mauricio Martinez, McGuire, Kellie, Molina, Jorge, Munagavalasa, Sravan, Norcini, Danielle, Piers, Alexander, Privitera, Paolo, Saffold, Nathan, Saldanha, Richard, Singal, Aman, Smida, Radomir, Sofo-Haro, Miguel, Stalder, Diego, Stefanazzi, Leandro, Traina, Michelangelo, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Uemura, Sho, Ventura, Pedro, Cortabitarte, Rocío Vilar, and Yajur, Rachana
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Flavor-dependent radiative corrections in coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering
- Author
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Tomalak, Oleksandr, Machado, Pedro, Pandey, Vishvas, and Plestid, Ryan
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Long-Lived Particles and the Quiet Sun
- Author
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Gustafson, R. Andrew, Plestid, Ryan, Shoemaker, Ian M., and Zhou, Albert
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Nuclear Theory ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR) - Abstract
The nuclear reaction network within the interior of the Sun is an efficient MeV physics factory, and can produce long-lived particles generic to dark sector models. In this work we consider the sensitivity of satellite instruments, primarily the RHESSI Spectrometer, that observe the Quiet Sun in the MeV regime where backgrounds are low. We find that Quiet Sun observations offer a powerful and complementary probe in regions of parameter space where the long-lived particle decay length is longer than the radius of the Sun, and shorter than the distance between the Sun and Earth. We comment on connections to recent model-building work on heavy neutral leptons coupled to neutrinos and high-quality axions from mirror symmetries., 12 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2023
7. Effective field theory of black hole echoes
- Author
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Burgess, C. P., Plestid, Ryan, and Rummel, Markus
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Resonances in <math><msub><mover><mi>ν</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover><mi>e</mi></msub><mo>−</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> scattering below a TeV
- Author
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Brdar, Vedran, de Gouvêa, André, Machado, Pedro A. N., and Plestid, Ryan
- Abstract
We consider the resonant production and detection of charged mesons in existing and near-future neutrino scattering experiments with Eν≲1 TeV, characteristic of high-energy atmospheric neutrinos or collider-sourced neutrino beams. The most promising candidate is the reaction ν¯ee−→ρ−→π−π0. We discuss detection prospects at FASERν, the LHC’s forward physics facility with nuclear emulsion (FASERν2) and liquid argon detectors (FLArE), and we estimate the number of expected resonance-mediated events in the existing data set of IceCube. We also outline possible detection strategies for the different experimental environments. We predict dozens of events at the forward physics facility and identify cuts with order-one signal efficiency that could potentially suppress backgrounds at FASERν, yielding a signal-to-background ratio larger than 1. Antineutrino-induced s-channel meson resonances are yet unobserved Standard Model scattering processes which offer a realistic target for near-term experiments.
- Published
- 2022
9. A new probe of relic neutrino clustering using cosmogenic neutrinos
- Author
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Brdar, Vedran, Bhupal Dev, P.S., Plestid, Ryan, and Soni, Amarjit
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Empirical capture cross sections for cosmic neutrino detection with <math><mmultiscripts><mi>Sm</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>151</mn></mmultiscripts></math> and <math><mmultiscripts><mi>Tm</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>171</mn></mmultiscripts></math>
- Author
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Brdar, Vedran, Plestid, Ryan, and Rocco, Noemi
- Abstract
The nuclei Sm151 and Tm171 have been identified as attractive candidates for the detection of the cosmic neutrino background. Both isotopes undergo first-forbidden nonunique beta decays, which inhibits a prediction of their spectral shape using symmetries alone, and this has, so far, obstructed a definitive prediction of their neutrino capture cross sections. In this work we point out that for both elements the so-called ξ approximation is applicable and this effectively limits the spectral shape to a deviation of at most 1% from the one that would arise if beta decays were of the allowed type. Using measured half-lives we extract the relevant nuclear matrix element and predict the neutrino capture cross sections for both isotopes at the 1% level, accounting for a number of relevant effects including radiative corrections and the finite size of the nuclei. We obtained (1.12±0.01)×10−46cm2 for Tm171 and (4.77±0.01)×10−48cm2 for Sm151. This method is robust as it does not rely on the data points near the endpoint of the beta spectrum, which may be contaminated by atomic physics effects, namely shakeup and shakeoff. Finally, we calculate the target mass which is necessary for cosmic neutrino discovery and discuss several bottlenecks and respective solutions associated to the experimental program. We conclude that the detection of cosmic neutrino background by neutrino capture on Sm151 and Tm171 is achievable and free from theoretical limitations but still subject to technical issues that should be further investigated by the experimentalists in the context of the proposed PTOLEMY project.
- Published
- 2022
11. Bubble Chamber Detectors with Light Nuclear Targets: A Snowmass 2021 White Paper
- Author
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Alvarez-Ruso, Luis, Barrow, Joshua L., Bellantoni, Leo, Betancourt, Minerba, Bross, Alan, Cremonesi, Linda, Dahl, Eric, Duffy, Kirsty, Dytman, Steven, Fields, Laura, Fukuda, Tsutomu, Gorchtein, Mikhail, Hill, Richard J., Himmel, Alex, Junk, Thomas, Keller, Dustin, Lin, Huey-Wen, Lu, Xianguo, Mahn, Kendall, Meyer, Aaron S., Morfin, Jorge G., Paley, Jonathan, Vishvas Pandey, Paz, Gil, Petti, Roberto, Plestid, Ryan, Ramson, Bryan, Russell, Brooke, Nieto, Frederico Sanchez, Tomalak, Oleksandr, Wilkinson, Callum, and Wret, Clarence
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) ,Nuclear Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Neutrino cross sections are a critical ingredient in experiments that depend on neutrino scattering to reconstruct event kinematics and infer neutrino characteristics, like NOvA and T2K. An opportunity exists to reduce the 5-10% broad uncertainty on neutrino cross sections by producing more measurements of neutrino scattering from light nuclear targets at the relevant energies. Bubble chambers with light nuclear targets would be ideal for these measurements but the most recent device designed for use with an accelerator neutrino source is at least fifty years old. A new bubble chamber with light nuclear targets could be designed by observing how the technology has progressed for use in dark matter experiments and producing smaller modular devices that use more efficient cooling systems. A smaller modular device could also be designed for deployment to all functioning neutrino beams, but an investigation of the proper operating characteristics is necessary to adapt newer detectors to the structure of contemporary neutrino beams.
- Published
- 2022
12. Empirical capture cross sections for cosmic neutrino detection with $^{151}{\rm \bf Sm}$ and $^{171}{\rm \bf Tm}$
- Author
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Brdar, Vedran, Plestid, Ryan, and Rocco, Noemi
- Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,Nuclear Theory ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) ,Nuclear Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The nuclei $^{151}$Sm and $^{171}$Tm have been identified as attractive candidates for the detection of the cosmic neutrino background. Both isotopes undergo first-forbidden non-unique beta decays which inhibits a prediction of their spectral shape using symmetries alone and this has, so far, obstructed a definitive prediction of their neutrino capture cross sections. In this work we point out that for both elements the so-called "$\xi$-approximation" is applicable and this effectively reduces the spectral shape to deviate by at most $1\%$ from the one that would arise if beta decays were of the allowed type. Using measured half-lives we extract the relevant nuclear matrix element and predict the neutrino capture cross sections for both isotopes at $1\%$ level, accounting for a number of relevant effects including radiative corrections and the finite size of the nuclei. We obtained $(1.12\pm 0.01)\times 10^{-46}{\rm cm}^2$ for $^{171}$Tm and $(4.77\pm 0.01)\times 10^{-48}{\rm cm}^2$ for $^{151}$Sm. This method is robust as it does not rely on the data points near the end-point of the beta spectrum which may be contaminated by atomic physics effects, namely shake-up and shake-off. Finally, we calculate the target mass which is necessary for cosmic neutrino discovery and discuss several bottlenecks and respective solutions associated to the experimental program. We conclude that the detection of cosmic neutrino background by neutrino capture on $^{151}$Sm and $^{171}$Tm is achievable and free from theoretical limitations but still subject to technical issues that should be further investigated by the experimentalists in the context of the proposed PTOLEMY project., Comment: published version; 10 pages, 2 figures
- Published
- 2022
13. Resonances in $\bar\nu_e-e^-$ scattering below a TeV
- Author
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Brdar, Vedran, de Gouvêa, André, Machado, Pedro A. N., and Plestid, Ryan
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
We consider the resonant production and detection of charged mesons in existing and near-future neutrino scattering experiments with $E_\nu \lesssim 1$ TeV, characteristic of high-energy atmospheric neutrinos or collider-sourced neutrino beams. The most promising candidate is the reaction $\bar{\nu}_e e^-\rightarrow \rho^-\rightarrow \pi^- \pi^0$. We discuss detection prospects at FASER$\nu$, the LHC's forward physics facility with nuclear emulsion (FASER$\nu$2) and liquid argon detectors (FLArE) and estimate the number of expected resonance-mediated events in the existing data set of IceCube. We also outline possible detection strategies for the different experimental environments. We predict dozens of events at the forward physics facility and identify cuts with order one signal efficiency that could potentially suppress backgrounds at FASER$\nu$, yielding a signal-to-background ratio larger than 1. Antineutrino-induced $s$-channel meson resonances are yet unobserved Standard Model scattering processes which offer a realistic target for near-term experiments., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
- Published
- 2021
14. Balancing long-range interactions and quantum pressure: solitons in the HMF model
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan and O'Dell, D. H. J.
- Subjects
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) ,Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS) ,Mathematical Physics (math-ph) ,Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases ,Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
The Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model describes particles on a ring interacting via a cosine interaction, or equivalently, rotors coupled by infinite-range XY interactions. Conceived as a generic statistical mechanical model for long-range interactions such as gravity (of which the cosine is the first Fourier component), it has recently been used to account for self-organization in experiments on cold atoms with long-range optically mediated interactions. The significance of the HMF model lies in its ability to capture the universal effects of long-range interactions and yet be exactly solvable in the canonical ensemble. In this work we consider the quantum version of the HMF model in 1D and provide a classification of all possible stationary solutions of its generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GGPE) which is both nonlinear and nonlocal. The exact solutions are Mathieu functions that obey a nonlinear relation between the wavefunction and the depth of the meanfield potential, and we identify them as bright solitons. Using a Galilean transformation these solutions can be boosted to finite velocity and are increasingly localized as the meanfield potential becomes deeper. In contrast to the usual local GPE, the HMF case features a tower of solitons, each with a different number of nodes. Our results suggest that long-range interactions support solitary waves in a novel manner relative to the short-range case., 10 pages, 4 figures, 7 pages of appendices
- Published
- 2018
15. Luminous solar neutrinos. II. Mass-mixing portals.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan
- Subjects
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EARTH'S mantle , *POSITRONIUM , *SOLAR neutrinos , *NEUTRINO mass , *NEUTRINOS - Abstract
Solar neutrinos can be efficiently upscattered to MeV-scale heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) within the Earth's mantle. HNLs can then decay to electron-positron pairs leading to energy deposition inside large volume detectors. In this paper, we consider mass-portal upscattering of solar neutrinos to HNLs of mass 20 MeV≥mN≥2me. The large volume of the Earth compensates for the long decay length of the HNLs leading to observable rates of N→ναe+e- in large volume detectors. We find that searches for mantle-upscattered HNLs can set novel limits on mixing with third-generation leptons, |UτN| for masses in the MeV regime; sensitivity to mixing with first- and second-generation leptons is not competitive with existing search strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Luminous solar neutrinos. I. Dipole portals.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan
- Subjects
- *
DARK matter , *NEUTRINOS , *SOLAR neutrinos , *SUPERNOVAE , *DETECTORS - Abstract
Solar neutrinos upscattering inside the Earth can source unstable particles that subsequently decay inside large volume detectors (e.g., neutrino experiments). Contrary to naive expectations, when the decay length is much shorter than the radius of the Earth (rather than the length of the detector), the event rate is independent of the decay length. In this paper, we study a neutrino-dipole portal (transition dipole operator) and show that existing data from Borexino and Super-Kamiokande probes previously untouched parameter space in the 0.5-20 MeV regime, complementing recent cosmological and supernova bounds. We discuss similarities and differences with luminous dark matter and comment on future prospects for analogous signals stemming from atmospheric neutrinos. A companion paper explores an analogous mass-mixing portal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Quantum fluctuations inhibit symmetry breaking in the Hamiltonian mean-field model.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan and Lambert, James
- Subjects
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QUANTUM fluctuations , *QUANTUM phase transitions , *SYMMETRY , *SYMMETRY breaking , *TRANSITION temperature , *CENTROID - Abstract
It is widely believed that mean-field theory is exact for a wide range of classical long-range interacting systems. Is this also true once quantum fluctuations have been accounted for? As a test case we study the Hamiltonian mean-field (HMF) model for a system of bosons which is predicted (according to mean-field theory) to undergo a second-order quantum phase transition at zero temperature. The ordered phase is characterized by a spontaneously broken O(2) symmetry, which, despite occurring in a one-dimensional model, is not ruled out by the Mermin-Wagner theorem due to the presence of long-range interactions. Nevertheless, a spontaneously broken symmetry implies gapless Goldstone modes whose large fluctuations can restore broken symmetries. In this work we study the influence of quantum fluctuations by projecting the Hamiltonian onto the continuous subspace of symmetry-breaking mean-field states. We find that the energetic cost of gradients in the center-of-mass wave function inhibits the breaking of the O(2) symmetry, but that the energetic cost is very small, scaling as O(1/N²). Nevertheless, for any finite N, no matter how large, this implies that the ground state has a restored O(2) symmetry. Implications for the finite-temperature phases, as well as the classical limit, of the HMF model are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Millicharged cosmic rays and low recoil detectors.
- Author
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Harnik, Roni, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, and Ramani, Harikrishnan
- Subjects
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COSMIC rays , *ATOMIC physics , *GALACTIC magnetic fields , *NEUTRINO detectors , *HYPOTHETICAL particles , *DARK matter - Abstract
We consider the production of a "fast flux" of hypothetical millicharged particles (mCPs) in the interstellar medium. We consider two possible sources induced by cosmic rays: (a) pp→(meson)→(mCP), which adds to atmospheric production of mCPs, and (b) cosmic-ray upscattering on a millicharged component of dark matter. We notice that the galactic magnetic fields retain mCPs for a long time, leading to an enhancement of the fast flux by many orders of magnitude. In both scenarios, we calculate the expected signal for direct dark matter detection aimed at electron recoil. We observe that in scenario (a) neutrino detectors (ArgoNeuT and Super-Kamiokande) still provide superior sensitivity compared to dark matter detectors (XENON1T). However, in scenarios with a boosted dark matter component, the dark matter detectors perform better, given the enhancement of the upscattered flux at low velocities. Given the uncertainties, both in the flux generation model and in the actual atomic physics leading to electron recoil, it is still possible that the XENON1T-reported excess may come from a fast mCP flux, which will be decisively tested with future experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. High energy spectrum of internal positrons from radiative muon capture on nuclei.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan and Hill, Richard J.
- Subjects
- *
POSITRONS , *LEPTON number , *NUCLEAR physics , *MUONS , *PAIR production - Abstract
The Mu2e and COMET collaborations will search for nucleus-catalyzed muon conversion to positrons (μ-→e+) as a signal of lepton number violation. A key background for this search is radiative muon capture where either (1) a real photon converts to an e+e- pair "externally" in surrounding material, or (2) a virtual photon mediates the production of an e+e- pair "internally." If the e+ has an energy approaching the signal region then it can serve as an irreducible background. In this work we describe how the near end point internal positron spectrum can be related to the real photon spectrum from the same nucleus, which encodes all nontrivial nuclear physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Constraints on millicharged particles from cosmic-ray production.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan, Takhistov, Volodymyr, Yu-Dai Tsai, Bringmann, Torsten, Kusenko, Alexander, and Pospelov, Maxim
- Subjects
- *
PARTICLES , *DARK matter , *COSMIC rays , *ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry - Abstract
We study cosmic-ray-atmosphere collisions as a permanent production source of exotic millicharged particles (MCPs) for all terrestrial experiments. [MCPs are also known as charged massive particles (CHAMPs).] Based on data from Super-K, this allows us to derive new limits on MCPs that are competitive with, or improve, the currently leading bounds from accelerator-based searches for masses up to 1.5 GeV. In models where a subdominant component of dark matter (DM) is fractionally charged, these constraints probe parts of the parameter space that is inaccessible for conventional direct-detection DM experiments, independently of assumptions about the DM abundance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Balancing long-range interactions and quantum pressure: Solitons in the Hamiltonian mean-field model.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan and O'Dell, D. H. J.
- Subjects
- *
WAVE functions , *GROSS-Pitaevskii equations , *CANONICAL ensemble , *MECHANICAL models , *SOLITONS , *STATISTICAL models - Abstract
The Hamiltonian mean-field (HMF) model describes particles on a ring interacting via a cosine interaction, or equivalently, rotors coupled by infinite-range XY interactions. Conceived as a generic statistical mechanical model for long-range interactions such as gravity (of which the cosine is the first Fourier component), it has recently been used to account for self-organization in experiments on cold atoms with long-range optically mediated interactions. The significance of the HMF model lies in its ability to capture the universal effects of long-range interactions and yet be exactly solvable in the canonical ensemble. In this work we consider the quantum version of the HMF model in one dimension and provide a classification of all possible stationary solutions of its generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GGPE), which is both nonlinear and nonlocal. The exact solutions are Mathieu functions that obey a nonlinear relation between the wave function and the depth of the mean-field potential, and we identify them as bright solitons. Using a Galilean transformation these solutions can be boosted to finite velocity and are increasingly localized as the mean-field potential becomes deeper. In contrast to the usual local GPE, the HMF case features a tower of solitons, each with a different number of nodes. Our results suggest that long-range interactions support solitary waves in a novel manner relative to the short-range case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Millicharged Particles in Neutrino Experiments.
- Author
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Magill, Gabriel, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, and Yu-Dai Tsai
- Subjects
- *
PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) , *NEUTRINOS , *ELECTRON scattering - Abstract
We set constraints and future sensitivity projections on millicharged particles (MCPs) based on electron scattering data in numerous neutrino experiments, starting with MiniBooNE and the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND). Both experiments are found to provide new (and leading) constraints in certain MCP mass windows: 5-35 MeV for LSND and 100-180 MeV for MiniBooNE. Furthermore, we provide projections for the ongoing Fermilab SBN program, the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), and the proposed Search for Hidden Particles (SHIP) experiment. In the SBN program, SBND and MicroBooNE have the capacity to provide the leading bounds in the 100-300 MeV mass regime. DUNE and SHIP are capable of probing parameter space for MCP masses in the range of 5 MeV-5 GeV that is significantly beyond the reach of existing bounds, including those from collider searches and, in the case of DUNE, the SLAC mQ experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Violent relaxation in quantum fluids with long-range interactions.
- Author
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Plestid, Ryan, Mahon, Perry, and O'Dell, D. H. J.
- Subjects
- *
PERTURBATION theory , *QUANTUM fluids , *STATISTICAL mechanics - Abstract
Violent relaxation is a process that occurs in systems with long-range interactions. It has the peculiar feature of dramatically amplifying small perturbations, and rather than driving the system to equilibrium, it instead leads to slowly evolving configurations known as quasistationary states that fall outside the standard paradigm of statistical mechanics. Violent relaxation was originally identified in gravity-driven stellar dynamics; here, we extend the theory into the quantum regime by developing a quantum version of the Hamiltonian mean field (HMF) model which exemplifies many of the generic properties of long-range interacting systems. The HMF model can either be viewed as describing particles interacting via a cosine potential, or equivalently as the kinetic XY model with infinite-range interactions, and its quantum fluid dynamics can be obtained from a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We show that singular caustics that form during violent relaxation are regulated by interference effects in a universal way described by Thom's catastrophe theory applied to waves and this leads to emergent length scales and timescales not present in the classical problem. In the deep quantum regime we find that violent relaxation is suppressed altogether by quantum zero-point motion. Our results are relevant to laboratory studies of self-organization in cold atomic gases with long-range interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons.
- Author
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Magill, Gabriel, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, and Yu-Dai Tsai
- Subjects
- *
HEAVY leptons (Nuclear physics) , *PARTICLE decays ,MESON decay - Abstract
We consider generic neutrino dipole portals between left-handed neutrinos, photons, and right-handed heavy neutral leptons (HNL) with Dirac masses. The dominance of this portal significantly alters the conventional phenomenology of HNLs. We derive a comprehensive set of constraints on the dipole portal to HNLs by utilizing data from LEP, LHC, MiniBooNE, LSND as well as observations of Supernova 1987A and consistency of the standard big bang nucleosynthesis. We calculate projected sensitivities from the proposed high-intensity SHiP beam dump experiment, and the ongoing experiments at the Short-Baseline Neutrino facility at Fermilab. Dipole mediated Primakoff neutrino upscattering and Dalitz-like meson decays are found to be the main production mechanisms in most of the parametric regime under consideration. Proposed explanations of LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies based on HNLs with dipole-induced decays are found to be severely constrained, or to be tested in the future experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Probing new charged scalars with neutrino trident production.
- Author
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Magill, Gabriel and Plestid, Ryan
- Subjects
- *
NEUTRINO mass , *HADRON colliders , *STANDARD model (Nuclear physics) - Abstract
We investigate the possibility of using neutrino trident production to probe leptophilic charged scalars at future high intensity neutrino experiments. We show that under specific assumptions, this production process can provide competitive sensitivity for generic charged scalars as compared to common existing bounds. We also investigate how the recently proposed mixed-flavor production--where the two oppositely charged leptons in the final state need not be muon flavored--can give a 20%-50% increase in sensitivity for certain configurations of new physics couplings as compared to traditional trident modes. We then categorize all renormalizable leptophilic scalar extensions based on their representation under SU(2)×U(1), and discuss the Higgs triplet and Zee-Babu models as explicit UV realizations. We find that the inclusion of additional doubly charged scalars and the need to reproduce neutrino masses make trident production uncompetitive with current bounds for these specific UV completions. Our work represents the first application of neutrino trident production to study charged scalars. Additionally, it is the first application of mixed-flavor trident production to study physics beyond the standard model more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Neutrino trident production at the intensity frontier.
- Author
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Magill, Gabriel and Plestid, Ryan
- Subjects
- *
NEUTRINOS , *NUCLEAR cross sections , *LEPTONS (Nuclear physics) - Abstract
We have calculated cross sections for the production of lepton pairs by a neutrino incident on a nucleus using both the equivalent photon approximation and deep-inelastic formalism. We find that production of mixed flavor lepton pairs can have production cross sections as high as 35 times those of the traditional νμ→νμμ+μ- process. Rates are estimated for the SHiP and DUNE intensity frontier experiments. We find that multiple trident production modes, some of which have never been observed, represent observable signals over the lifetime of the detectors. Our estimates indicate that the SHiP Collaboration should be able to observe on the order of 300 trident events given 2×1020 protons on target and that the DUNE Collaboration can expect approximately 250 trident events in their near detector given 3×1022 protons on target. We also discuss possible applications of the neutrino trident data to be collected at SHiP and DUNE for Standard Model and beyond the Standard model physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Search by the SENSEI Experiment for Millicharged Particles Produced in the NuMI Beam.
- Author
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Barak L, Bloch IM, Botti AM, Cababie M, Cancelo G, Cervantes-Vergara BA, Chaplinsky L, Crisler M, Drlica-Wagner A, Essig R, Estrada J, Etzion E, Moroni GF, Holland SE, Korn Y, Lawson I, Luoma S, Munagavalasa S, Orly A, Perez SE, Rodrigues D, Saffold NA, Scorza S, Singal A, Haro MS, Stefanazzi L, Stifter K, Tiffenberg J, Uemura S, Volansky T, Yu TT, Harnik R, Liu Z, and Plestid R
- Abstract
Millicharged particles appear in several extensions of the standard model, but have not yet been detected. These hypothetical particles could be produced by an intense proton beam striking a fixed target. We use data collected in 2020 by the SENSEI experiment in the MINOS cavern at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory to search for ultrarelativistic millicharged particles produced in collisions of protons in the NuMI beam with a fixed graphite target. The absence of any ionization events with 3 to 6 electrons in the SENSEI data allow us to place world-leading constraints on millicharged particles for masses between 30 to 380 MeV. This work also demonstrates the potential of utilizing low-threshold detectors to investigate new particles in beam-dump experiments, and motivates a future experiment designed specifically for this purpose.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Field Theory of the Fermi Function.
- Author
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Hill RJ and Plestid R
- Abstract
The Fermi function F(Z,E) accounts for QED corrections to beta decays that are enhanced at either small electron velocity β or large nuclear charge Z. For precision applications, the Fermi function must be combined with other radiative corrections and with scale- and scheme-dependent hadronic matrix elements. We formulate the Fermi function as a field theory object and present a new factorization formula for QED radiative corrections to beta decays. We provide new results for the anomalous dimension of the corresponding effective operator complete through three loops, and resum perturbative logarithms and π enhancements with renormalization-group methods. Our results are important for tests of fundamental physics with precision beta decay and related processes.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Monopoles from an Atmospheric Fixed Target Experiment.
- Author
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Iguro S, Plestid R, and Takhistov V
- Abstract
Magnetic monopoles have a long history of theoretical predictions and experimental searches, carrying direct implications for fundamental concepts such as electric charge quantization. We analyze in detail for the first time magnetic monopole production from collisions of cosmic rays bombarding the atmosphere. This source of monopoles is independent of cosmology, has been active throughout Earth's history, and supplies an irreducible monopole flux for all terrestrial experiments. Using results for robust atmospheric fixed target experiment flux of monopoles, we systematically establish direct comparisons of previous ambient monopole searches with monopole searches at particle colliders and set leading limits on magnetic monopole production in the ∼5-100 TeV mass range.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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