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This article explores how the public might actively participate in renewable energy projects by studying the role of local and credentialed experts in the development of micro-hydro technology for self-supply (off-grid electrification) or commercialization (on-grid electrification) in Central Java, Indonesia. All of the data were gathered qualitatively, including semi-structured interviews with local experts and energy experts, as well as interviews with local entrepreneurs, private companies, government agencies, end users, and civil society groups. Other methods included document analysis, observations, and site visits. The research found that credentialed and local experts have distinct sets of expertise and roles that complement one another. This challenges the "deficit" model of public understanding of science, which often claims that energy projects fail due to a lack of policy-relevant knowledge. The expertise of locals, their financial situation, and their geographic location are all considered to be linked with the design of micro-hydro technology, which is most typically run-of-river. While micro-hydro design is often related to "decentralization," standardized expertise has emerged as a critical impediment to alternative energy commercialization. This article concludes that public participation, supported by decentralized policies, is required to drive future growth and maintain the long-term viability of micro-hydro technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report investigates the revival, in post-New Order Indonesia, of the discourse about Peristiwa Kanigoro 1965 (the Kanigoro Affair). This incident occurred on 13 January 1965, when communist supporters attacked members of Pelajar Islam Indonesia (Islamic Students of Indonesia), who had organized a religious training programme at a pesantren (Islamic boarding house) in Kanigoro, Kediri, East Java. That being said, this report does not seek to ascertain the truth about the Kanigoro Affair. Instead, it explores the series of alleged related events that construct a discourse regarding communists being enemies of Muslims, found in Buku Putih Peristiwa Teror PKI Kanigoro (White Book of the PKI Terror in Kanigoro). It focuses on how the White Book shapes the way in which communists are discussed, establishing a rule of describing the Kanigoro Affair as an issue wholly of morality rather than something political. The report concludes that the Kanigoro Affair can be said to be a significant point for understanding Islamic groups' ideological opposition to communism in Indonesia today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]