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Background: Germany's high density of under-equipped hospitals and anticipated surge in orthopedic and trauma surgery-related diseases by 2030, combined with personnel shortages, are expected to increase patient transfers between hospitals, an issue that urgently needs standardized protocols. Despite some existing cooperative agreements, such as between joint-replacement centers or within the Trauma Network DGU®, these measures do not adequately address the full range of patient-transfer cases, including those due to a lack of specialization or staff shortages, resulting in delayed treatment and potential health risks. This study aims to dissect the intricacies of interhospital transfers in orthopedics and trauma surgery across Germany, focusing on understanding the underlying reasons for transfers, comparing the operational structures of small and large hospitals, and laying the groundwork for future standardized protocols to enhance patient care. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the form of an online survey via SoSci Survey, which was directed at orthopedic surgeons and trauma surgeons working in hospitals in Germany. The 22-question survey gathered information on participants' clinic roles, departmental details, transfer processes, frequent diagnoses, perceptions of transfer quality, and improvement areas. The survey was sent to orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany by the specialist society. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to ensure a comprehensive insight into interhospital transfer practices. Results: The study involved 152 participants from various hospital ranks and located in different hospital sizes and types across rural and urban areas. A significant difference was observed between the care structures of basic/regular care and central/maximum care hospitals, especially regarding the available facilities and specialties. These findings suggest improvements such as better patient documentation, increased digital communication, optimized patient distribution, and standardization of transfer requests, among others. Conclusions: This study highlights the urgent need for improved protocols and resource allocation to eliminate inequalities in transfers between hospitals in orthopedics and trauma surgery in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Surgery for humeral shaft fractures is associated with a high risk of iatrogenic radial nerve palsy (RNP). Plausible causes are difficult anatomical conditions and variants.Methods: We performed a cadaveric study with 23 specimens (13 female and 10 male Caucasian donors) to assess the course and anatomy of the radial nerve (RN) with its branches alongside the humeral shaft. The accuracy of identification of the RN in the surgical field was analyzed by measuring the location, course, diameter, and form of each nerve and vessel of interest.Results: The RN is not a single structure running alongside the humeral shaft; at least 4 parallel structures crossed the dorsal humerus in all subjects. The RN was accompanied by 2 vessels and at least 1 other nerve, which we named the musculocutaneous branch (MCB). With an oval profile and an average diameter of 3.1 mm (range, 2.6 to 3.8 mm), the MCB was thinner but, in some cases, close to the average diameter of 4.7 mm (range, 4.0 to 5.2 mm) of the RN, which had a round profile. Both accompanying vessels had similar diameters: 3.5 mm (range, 2.6 to 4.2 mm) for the radial collateral artery and 4.0 mm (range, 2.9 to 4.4 mm) for the medial collateral artery. In 20 (87%) of the cases, the RN ran proximal to and in 3 (13%) of the cases, distal to the MCB. Furthermore, a distal safe zone of at least 110 mm (range, 110 to 160 mm) was found, measured from the radial (lateral) epicondyle proximally.Conclusions: The RN does not cross the dorsal humerus alone, as often stated in anatomical textbooks, but runs parallel to vessels and at least 1 nerve branch with a similar appearance. Thus, for reliable preservation of the RN, we recommend identification and protection of all crossing structures in posterior humeral surgeries 110 mm proximal to the radial epicondyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the United Nations, around 8,400 people have been injured and over 5,800 killed on the Ukrainian side in the Ukraine war, which has been going on for over 14 months. Extensive humanitarian aid operations were carried out to support Ukraine, so that war-wounded people from Ukraine were also cared for in Germany. In a retrospective cohort study, 10 patients were examined who were treated in the department between February 24th 2022 and February 24th 2023, using the cloverleaf system from Ukraine.The average duration of inpatient treatment was 53.10 days. The average ISS was 23.7. The patients were operated on an average of 3.3 times in our institution. All patients received consultative psychological care. All patients were initially put into protective isolation until the results of a corona test and microbiological swabs were available. After preliminary protective isolation, further isolation had to be carried out in 5 cases due to germs requiring isolation. Eight patients were released to state accommodation. Three patients were transferred back to Ukraine at their own request.The treatment of war-injured patients from Ukraine represents a particular challenge. It absolutely requires an interdisciplinary treatment concept that, in addition to special trauma surgery and orthopaedic expertise, also requires plastic-reconstructive, microbiological and, last but not least, psychological care. Due to the high rate of infections requiring isolation, long, costly therapy with multiple revision operations is often necessary., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

A painful reduction in shoulder mobility, known as "shoulder stiffness", can occur both as a primary idiopathic condition and as a secondary condition, for example, following surgical procedures. Various factors can contribute to the development of primary shoulder stiffness. In this review we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, genetic influences, endocrine disorders, metabolic conditions, as well as other diseases and medical-therapeutic approaches that might have an impact on the development of primary shoulder stiffness., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)