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We are a group of teaching-focused academics who share a passion for learning, teaching and the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) in Higher Education (HE). In order to understand how practitioners from a diversity of backgrounds and disciplines came to be in their present LTS (Learning, Teaching & Scholarship) academic roles, we embarked on a Collaborative Autoethnography (CAE). This approach allowed us to use our personal narratives to explore what it means to be a SoTL practitioner in HE, and to analyse these narratives by using textual analysis. This paper unpacks these narratives, focusing on three themes: our rich and diverse backgrounds, influences on our routes to our current academic roles, and how we are loud and proud to be on a teaching-focused career path. It will be of interest to academics who are on, or contemplating, a teaching focused contract. It will also be of relevance to senior staff in HE who wish to understand the nature of these roles, and who wish to consider how to provide appropriate institutional structures to support and nurture these staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess whether there are different patterns (classes) of joint health in young boys with severe haemophilia A (SHA) prescribed primary tailored prophylaxis. We also assessed whether age at first index joint bleed, blood group, FVIII gene abnormality variant, factor VIII trough level, first‐year bleeding rate and adherence to the prescribed prophylaxis regimen significantly predicted joint damage trajectory, and thus class membership. Methods: Using data collected prospectively as part of the Canadian Hemophilia Primary Prophylaxis Study (CHPS), we implemented a latent class growth mixture model technique to determine how many joint damage classes existed within the cohort. We used a multinomial logistic regression to predict the odds of class membership based on the above predictors. We fitted a survival model to assess whether there were differences in the rate of dose escalation across the groups. Results: We identified three distinct classes of trajectory: persistently low, moderately increasing and rapidly increasing joint scores. By multinomial regression, we found that only age at first index joint bleed predicted rapidly increasing joint scores. The rapidly increasing joint score class group moved through dose escalation significantly faster than the other two groups. Conclusions: Using tailored prophylaxis, boys with SHA follow one of three joint health trajectories. By using knowledge of disease trajectories, clinicians may be able to adjust treatment according to a subject's predicted long‐term joint health and institute cost‐effective programmes of prophylaxis targeted at the individual subject level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Disease-specific quality of life (QoL) measures have enhanced the capacity of outcome measures to evaluate subtle changes and differences between groups. However, when the specific disease is rare, the cohort of patients is small and international collaboration is often necessary to accomplish meaningful research. As many of the QoL measures have been developed in North American English, they require translation to ensure their usefulness in a multi-cultural and/or international society. Published guidelines provide formal methods to achieve cross-culturally comparable versions of a QoL tool. However, these guidelines describe a rigorous process that is not always feasible, particularly in rare disease groups. The objective of this manuscript is to describe the process that was developed to achieve accurate cross-cultural translations of a disease-specific QoL measure, to overcome the challenges of a small sample size, i.e. children with a rare disorder. Procedure A measurement study was conducted in the United Kingdom (UK), France, Germany and Uruguay, during which the validated measure was translated into the languages of the respective countries. Results This is a report of a modified, child-centric, cross-cultural translation and adaptation process in which culturally appropriate and methodologically valid translations of a disease-specific QoL measure, the Kids' ITP Tools (KIT), were performed in children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The KIT was translated from North American English into UK English, French, German, and Spanish. Conclusion This study was a successful international collaboration. The modified process through which culturally appropriate and methodologically valid translations of QoL measures may be achieved in a pediatric population with a relatively rare disorder is reported.

Background There is no uniform guideline for postchemotherapy vaccination of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We evaluated waning immunity to 14 pneumococcal serotypes, pertussis toxin (PT), tetanus toxoid (TT) and varicella, and immunogenicity of postchemotherapy diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTaP-IPV-Hib) and pneumococcal vaccination among previously vaccinated children treated for ALL. Methods This was a multicenter trial of children with ALL enrolled 4–12 months postchemotherapy completion. Exclusion criteria included: infant ALL, relapsed ALL, and stem cell transplant recipients. Immunocompetent children were recruited as controls. Postchemotherapy participants received DTaP-IPV-Hib and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) concurrently, followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) 2 months later. Serology was measured at baseline, 2 and 12 months postvaccination. Adverse events were captured via surveys. Results At enrollment, postchemotherapy participants (n = 74) were less likely than controls (n = 78) to be age-appropriately immunized with DTaP (41% vs 89%, P  < .001) and PCV (59% vs 79%, P  = .008). Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) to TT, PT, PCV serotypes, and varicella were lower in postchemotherapy participants than controls after adjusting for previous vaccine doses (P  < .001). Two months postvaccination, GMCs to TT, PT, and PCV serotypes increased from baseline (P  < .001 for all antigens) and remained elevated at 12 months postvaccination. Antibody levels to PPV23 serotypes also increased postvaccination (P  < .001). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions Children treated for ALL had lower antibody levels than controls against pneumococcal serotypes, tetanus, pertussis, and varicella despite previous vaccination. Postchemotherapy vaccination with DTaP-IPV-Hib, PCV13, and PPV23 was immunogenic and well tolerated. Children with ALL would benefit from systematic revaccination postchemotherapy. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02447718. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In many countries, there is a shift from standard half‐life (SHL) to extended half‐life (EHL) clotting factor concentrates (CFCs). Aim: To describe the experience of switching from SHL to an EHL FVIII CFC and the impact of this on frequency of infusions, factor consumption, bleeding rates and HRQoL using the Canadian Hemophilia Kids' Life Assessment Tool (CHO‐KLAT). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a single haemophilia treatment centre in 2018 that included boys (ages: 4‐18 years) with moderate/severe haemophilia A, without inhibitors, who switched from a SHL to an EHL FVIII CFC in the previous 2 years and for whom HRQoL data were available. Results: The study cohort comprised 38 boys [mean (SD) age: 11.0 (3.4) years] with moderate (n = 5)/severe (n = 33) haemophilia A. The switch was associated with a 33% reduction in the number of weekly infusions from a median of 3.5 to 2.3 (P <.0001) and a 17% reduction in median FVIII consumption from 103 IU/kg/wk to 85.5 IU/kg/wk (P =.004). There was no significant change in annualized joint bleed rates or in CHO‐KLAT scores. Conclusions: Despite documenting several benefits of switching to EHL FVIII (less infusions, lower factor consumption with no increase in bleeding), our study did not demonstrate any improvement in HRQoL. We conclude that either the current CHO‐KLAT tool is not optimized to measure burden of treatment administration in boys with low bleed rates switching from SHL to EHL FVIII CFCs or that a reduction of 1.2 infusions/week does not result in a meaningful change in HRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predator-prey interactions of large vagile fishes are difficult to study in the ocean due to limitations in the space and time requirements for observations. Small-scale direct underwater observations by divers (ca. <10 m radius) and large-scale hydroacoustic surveys (10 sm² to 100 s km²) are traditional approaches for surveying fish. However, large piscivorous predators identify and attack prey at the scale of meters to tens of meters. Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar (or DIDSON) is a high-resolution acoustic camera operating in the MHz range that provides detailed continuous video-like imaging of objects up to a range of 30 m. This technology can be used to observe predator-prey interactions at ecologically relevant space and time scales often missed by traditional methods. Here we establish an approach for quantifying predation-related behaviors from DIDSON records. Metrics related to predator and prey group size, prey responses to predation, predation rate, predator strategies, and the nonrandom use of landscape features by both predator and prey are described. In addition, relationships between patterns in these attributes are tested and issues regarding sampling strategies for future studies are discussed. We suggest that approaches combining direct visual observation and acoustic sampling at multiple scales are required to quantify variation in these relationships across underwater landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Newborns with hemophilia are at risk of intracranial hemorrhage, extracranial hemorrhage, and other bleeding complications. The safe delivery of a healthy newborn with hemophilia is a complex process that can begin even before conception, and continues throughout pregnancy, birth, and the newborn period. This process involves the expectant parents and a wide variety of health-care professionals: genetic counselors, obstetricians, neonatologists, pediatricians, radiologists, adult and pediatric hematologists, and nurses with expertise in hemophilia. Because of this multidisciplinary complexity, the relative rarity of births of newborns with hemophilia, and the lack of high-quality evidence to inform decisions, there is considerable variation in practice in this area. We present a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach, from preconception counseling to discharge planning after birth, and describe available options for management decisions. We highlight a number of areas of important uncertainty and controversy, including the preferred mode of delivery, the appropriate use and timing of neuroimaging tests, and the appropriate use of clotting factor concentrates in the newborn period. While the approach presented here will aid clinicians in planning and providing care, further research is required to optimize the care of newborns with hemophilia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disease-specific quality of life (QoL) measures have enhanced the capacity of outcome measures to evaluate subtle changes and differences between groups. However, when the specific disease is rare, the cohort of patients is small and international collaboration is often necessary to accomplish meaningful research. As many of the QoL measures have been developed in North American English, they require translation to ensure their usefulness in a multi-cultural and/or international society. Published guidelines provide formal methods to achieve cross-culturally comparable versions of a QoL tool. However, these guidelines describe a rigorous process that is not always feasible, particularly in rare disease groups. The objective of this manuscript is to describe the process that was developed to achieve accurate cross-cultural translations of a disease-specific QoL measure, to overcome the challenges of a small sample size, i.e. children with a rare disorder., Procedure: A measurement study was conducted in the United Kingdom (UK), France, Germany and Uruguay, during which the validated measure was translated into the languages of the respective countries., Results: This is a report of a modified, child-centric, cross-cultural translation and adaptation process in which culturally appropriate and methodologically valid translations of a disease-specific QoL measure, the Kids' ITP Tools (KIT), were performed in children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The KIT was translated from North American English into UK English, French, German, and Spanish., Conclusion: This study was a successful international collaboration. The modified process through which culturally appropriate and methodologically valid translations of QoL measures may be achieved in a pediatric population with a relatively rare disorder is reported.

Hemophilia A and B are the most common of the severe bleeding disorders. The present article focuses on the practical aspects of the management of neonates and children diagnosed with hemophilia, and is based on questions frequently posed to paediatric hematologists. It highlights the importance of early diagnosis, the principle of early intervention and the role of comprehensive care hemophilia treatment centres.