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Lipids play an important role in the salting process of duck eggs. In this research, the low-salt pickling process was employed to salt duck eggs, and the quality parameters, fatty acids and lipidomics were analyzed. The low-salt pickling process maintained the quality of the salted duck egg yolk, and can be regard as a healthy alternative to the traditional curing process. After salting, levels of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were increased by 57.77%, 41.59%, and 23.20%, respectively. The lipidomics data showed significant differences in 39 lipids in the phospholipid family during the low-salt pickling process of egg yolk (p

Purpose: To evaluate the value of ultrasound (US)-guided vacuum-assisted excisional biopsy (VAB) in treating benign phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breasts and to investigate the lesion characteristics that could affect the local recurrence rate. Patient and methods: From December 2008 to February 2018, 93 patients with PTs diagnosed on histology underwent US-guided, 7-gauge VAB. The recurrence rate of benign PT and complications of VAB were evaluated on follow-up US every three to six months. The lesion characteristics were analyzed to identify the factors affecting the recurrence rate. Results: Of the 87 patients, local recurrence was found in 15 patients (17%) in a mean follow-up period of 35.8 months, and the rate of complete excision was 82.8% (72/87). PTs with a largest diameter less than 3.3 cm had a significantly lower recurrence rate than PTs with a largest diameter larger than 3.3 cm (P

Longitudinal bone growth mainly occurs during adolescence and can be enhanced by growth hormones. We hypothesized that water extracts from roots of Allium fistulosum L. (Welsh onion, WO; 15 or 45 mg/kg bw/day) and Portulaca oleracea L. (PO; 15 or 45 mg/kg bw/day) can stimulate longitudinal bone growth in weanling male rats for 4 weeks. Femur and tibia lengths were higher in the WO-H and PO-H groups than in the control. The proliferative and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate were greater in the legs of WO-H and PO-H rats than in the control; a similar increase was observed in the positive-control (growth hormone, 20 μg/kg bw/day). WO-H and PO-H treatments were found to potentiate insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling (pIRS-2 → pAkt) in MG-63 osteoblasts compared to control. WO-H and PO increased cell proliferation possibly by activating transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling via elevated BMP-2 and Smad4 expression in MG-63 cells. In conclusion, WO and PO are potential to promote the proliferation of the leg growth plate similar to growth hormone.

Abstract NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in excitotoxic neuronal death caused by ischemic stroke, but NMDAR channel blockers have failed to be translated into clinical stroke treatments. However, recent research on NMDAR-associated signaling complexes has identified important death-signaling pathways linked to NMDARs. This led to the generation of inhibitors that inhibit these pathways downstream from the receptor without necessarily blocking NMDARs. This therapeutic approach may have fewer side effects and/or provide a wider therapeutic window for stroke as compared to the receptor antagonists. In this review, we highlight the key findings in the signaling cascades downstream of NMDARs and the novel promising therapeutics for ischemic stroke.

Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are globally produced brominated flame retardant (BFR) and are used primarily as an additive FR in thermal insulation building materials, upholstery textiles, and electronics. HBCDs not only pollute the ecological environment, but also harm the health of human beings through the food chain. The study on the environmental fate and biomagnification of HBCDs diastereomers and enantiomers in food chains is an important foundation for risk assessment and effective pollution control. The characteristics of HBCDs, the selective accumulation, biomagnification and transformation of HBCDs diastereomers and their enantiomers in food chain are reviewed in this paper. The influence factors of the selective accumulation and transformation were most likely ascribed to the combined effect of several aspects, including the living and feeding habits, trophic level of organisms, and the selective absorption, metabolism and bioisomerization of HBCDs. Recent research results indicate that the accumulation, transformation and biomagnifications behavior of HBCDs diastereomers and their enantiomers in the ecological system is not a single process, but the result of multiple factors of biological and environmental processes. Further studies will focus on the selective environmental behavior of HBCDs diastereomers and enantiomers in the freshwater and terrestrial food chains and the control influence factors of the selective environmental behavior during food chains transfer, which will provide a scientific basis for the assessment of environmental risks.

Aiming at the problems of single plant identification feature, complex algorithm and unsatisfactory recognition rate, this research proposes to use BP algorithm to establish a plant leaf identification model. This research pre-processed the image of plant leaves, and extracted 14 feature variables of the image, including colour features, shape features and texture features. Using SPSS 21.0 software to perform principal component analysis on the extracted 14 feature variables, the analysis obtained 6 the main ingredient. Using the recognition model to carry out a simulation experiment, the experimental results show that when the number of hidden layers of the model is 1, the number of hidden layer nodes is 6, the accuracy of model recognition is better, and the average accuracy of model recognition is 95.56%. From the analysis of model performance, the training accuracy and recognition accuracy of the model did not fluctuate greatly, and the graph changes relatively smoothly; when learning times is 400 times, the training and testing accuracy of the model reached more than 95%. It shows that the model has high accuracy and strong generalization ability, which provides reference for plant leaf recognition research.

This article presents a two-camera bi-axial parallel vision configuration to realize robot manipulator uncalibrated visual serving. The intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera and the model of robot manipulator are not known, as well as without real-time computes the inverse of image Jacobian when image-based dynamic control of a robot manipulator in this article. First, the proposed vision configuration is applied to transform the Cartesian posture information into the point and angle parameters in the two image planes. After that, a qualitative mathematical model was established which analyzes the relationship between the feature point and line of the robot manipulator in the Cartesian space and the corresponding specific point and angle in the image plane. In addition, the monotonic property of the point and line features in the mathematic model has been proved. Then, the controller was designed based on image and realized the five-degrees of freedom of the robot manipulator uncalibrated visual serving control in the simulation platform. Moreover, the Lyapunov theory was used to prove the global asymptotic stability of proposed method in the image plane. Finally, the proposed method was compared with the method of image Jacobian matrix in the actual platform experiment, and the comparative experiment results show the effectiveness of the robot manipulator uncalibrated visual serving under the proposed vision configuration.

The mitochondrial toxin rotenone exerts cytotoxicity via overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. We investigated the effects of rotenone (12.5, 25, 50, 100 nmol/L) on mitochondrial biogenesis and the potential roles of ROS production in SH-SY5Y cells. Mitochondrial biogenesis was assessed by counting the number of mitochondria, determining protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC1-α) and its regulator, SIRT1, and oxygen consumption. ROS production and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG) were also determined. Compared with controls, rotenone (12.5 nmol/L) significantly increased the quantity of mitochondria and amount of oxygen consumption, whereas rotenone at >12.5 nmol/L decreased the quantity of mitochondria and amount of oxygen consumption. GSH contents and GSH/GSSG were also significantly enhanced by rotenone at 12.5 nmol/L and decreased by rotenone at >12.5 nmol/L. Except for ROS production and SIRT1 protein expression, all concentration–response relationships showed a typical inverted-U shape. ROS production was continually increased in cells treated with rotenone. These data indicate that low concentrations of rotenone can induce mitohormesis, which may be attributed to ROS production.

This study aimed to identify major proteins in the pathogenesis of coronary artery in-stent restenosis (ISR) in diabetic minipigs with sirolimus-eluting stenting, and to investigate the roles of key candidate molecules, particularly ADAM10, in human arterial smooth muscle cells (HASMCs).The stents were implanted in the coronary arteries of 15 diabetic and 26 non-diabetic minipigs, and angiography was repeated at six months. The intima of one vascular segment with significant ISR and one with non-ISR in diabetic minipigs were isolated and cultured in conditioned medium (CM). The CM was analyzed by LC-MS/MS to uncover proteins whose levels were significantly increased (≥ 1.5-fold) in ISR than in non-ISR tissues. After literature searching, we focused on the identified proteins, whose biological functions were most potentially related to ISR pathophysiology. Among them, ADAM10 was significantly increased in diabetic and non-diabetic ISR tissues as compared with non-ISR controls. In cell experiments, retrovirus-mediated overexpression of ADAM10 promoted growth and migration of HASMCs. The effects of ADAM10 were more remarkable in high-glucose culture than in low-glucose culture. Using shRNA and an inhibitor of γ-secretase (GSI), we found that the influences of ADAM10 were in part mediated by Notch1 and notch 3 pathway, which up-regulated Notch downstream genes and enhanced nuclear translocation of the small intracellular component of Notch1 and Notch3.This study has identified significantly increased expression of ADAM10 in the ISR versus non-ISR segment in diabetic minipigs and implicates ADAM10 in the enhanced neointimal formation observed in diabetes after vascular injury.

In the field of wireless communications the idea of cognitive radio is of utmost interest. Due to its advantageous propagation properties, the TV white space can be considered to become the first commercial application of cognitive radio. It allows the usage of secondary communication systems at non-occupied frequency bands. Within this paper, spectrum sensing algorithms are introduced for the three predominant Chinese TV standards DTMB, CMMB, and PAL-D/K. A prototype platform is presented and its underlying architecture based on a combination of DSP and FPGA is illustrated including the setup of the cognitive radio application. Furthermore, the performance of the sensing algorithms implemented on the prototype platform is shown in comparison to simulation results.