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This study examines the hypothesis positing a theoretical model embedded within Islamic political heritage to safeguard societal identity, commonly called "social security," in contemporary discourse. The focus of this study is Imam Ibn Taymiyyah, one of the key figures in Islamic heritage. His era was marked by numerous internal and external challenges for the Muslim community, prompting him to issue fatwas and take strategic measures to protect it. The researchers used Bouzan, Waever, and De Wilde's "social security" theory to elucidate the Taymiyyan model in a novel methodological approach. To accomplish this, we had to extrapolate, identify, and analyze the relevant texts authored by the Imam. According to Imam Ibn Taymiyyah's perspective, the study presents a theoretically sound model derived from Islamic Sharia principles. It involves providing guidance through legal rulings and fatwas to safeguard the five necessities of Islam, namely religion, life, regeneration, intellect, and wealth. Using mechanisms such as the "Hisbah apparatus", the defense of these communal necessities begins with promoting virtuous deeds and discouraging wrongdoing. Ultimately, to preserve the Muslim community's identity from disintegration or compromise in the face of encroaching civilizations or ideologies, political and military force may be required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alternanthera philoxeroides and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix offer significant nutritional benefits. This study evaluates the proximate composition, amino acid profile, GC-MS analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and EDX, and color values of edible paper sheets (EPSs) derived from Alternanthera philoxeroides incorporating different levels of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix flesh. The protein content in the EPSs varied based on fish flesh incorporation, peaking at 52.66% in Ap100/Hm300 (Non-boil). Protein and carbohydrate contents showed an inverse correlation across EPSs, with the highest carbohydrate content of 60.89% in sample Ap400/Hm0 (Boil). Lipid content was also found to correlate with H. molitrix flesh content in EPSs, ranging from 1.59% to 18.41%. Amino acid analysis identified 11 types, with methionine as the most prevalent, followed by leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine. GC-MS analysis revealed 51 bioactive compounds, including carbonic acid, hentriacontane, and various fatty acids. FT-IR analysis showed characteristic bonds, while color analysis displayed L* values ranging from 24.37 to 30.97. SEM analyses depicted the microstructure, surface view, and elemental composition of the EPSs, and EDX showed an abundance of Ca, N, K, O, C, Mg, Na, P, Cl, Mn, and Fe. Therefore, EPSs prepared from A. philoxeroides and H. molitrix could offer a promising approach for effectively utilizing aquatic biomass and providing both plant and animal nutrients to consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research endeavors to uncover the intricate interplay between emotional intelligence and gender dynamics within literature, acknowledging the significant role of emotions in shaping characters and narratives. Emotions serve as a lens through which societal norms and cultural expectations are reflected and refracted, influencing the portrayal of gendered perspectives on emotional intelligence. By synthesizing relevant psychological theories and conducting a thorough examination of societal influences, this study seeks to illuminate how gender differences in emotional intelligence are articulated and perpetuated in literary representations. Through a meticulous literature review, the research aims to identify patterns and disparities in the expression and perception of emotions between male and female characters. These patterns offer valuable insights into the complexities of gender roles and stereotypes embedded within literary texts, providing a nuanced understanding of societal attitudes toward emotional expression and intelligence. Furthermore, by delving into the implications of these portrayals for gender dynamics in literature, the study contributes to ongoing conversations surrounding representation and diversity within the literary landscape. Ultimately, the findings of this research endeavor to advance our understanding of emotional intelligence and gender dynamics within the literature, offering a nuanced exploration of how societal norms and cultural expectations shape the portrayal of emotions in male and female characters. By shedding light on these complexities, the study seeks to foster a deeper appreciation for the multifaceted nature of gendered perspectives on emotional intelligence in literary narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most prevalent probiotic bacterium employed in the food industry is Lactobacillus because it can produce metabolites with antibacterial capabilities and exhibits hostility towards infections and microorganisms that cause spoilage. Aim: This study set out to identify naturally occurring Lactobacillus and plantaricin (pln EF) coding genes in raw cow milk and to assess the antibacterial potency of isolated Lactobacillus isolates. Methods: Following enrichment in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth, single colonies were isolated, and pure colonies were obtained by streaking on MRS agar. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the cultural positivity of all isolates. Additionally, the presence of plantaricin was verified by targeting the pln EF gene through PCR. Outcome: Out of the 166 raw milk specimens acquired from cows, 153 (91.17%; CI: 86.98–95.76) were identified as positive for Lactobacillus through both culture and biochemical screening. Subsequently, 121 (72.89%; CI: 65.46–79.49) of the isolates were affirmed to harbour Lactobacillus through PCR analysis. Within this subset, 6 isolates (4.96%; CI: 1.84–10.48) were found to possess the plnEF gene. When exposed to Lactobacillus isolates, Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella enterica displayed an average maximum zone of inhibition with a diameter measuring 24 mm. In contrast, Escherichia coli exhibited an average minimum zone of inhibition, featuring a diameter of 11 mm. Additionally, the Lactobacillus isolates demonstrated inhibitory zones against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca, measuring 14, 22 and 19 mm, respectively. Clinical significance: Lactic acid bacteria, particularly Lactobacilli, are plentiful in cow milk and possess broad‐spectrum antibacterial properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]