116 results on '"Rainbird, Sophia"'
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2. Effect of glenosphere size on reverse shoulder arthroplasty revision rate: an analysis from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR)
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Page, Richard, Beazley, James, Graves, Stephen, Rainbird, Sophia, and Peng, Yi
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- 2022
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3. Survivorship Comparisons of Ultracongruent, Cruciate-Retaining and Posterior-Stabilized Tibial Inserts Using a Single Knee System Design: Results From the Australian Orthopedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
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Dalton, Philip, Holder, Carl, Rainbird, Sophia, and Lewis, Peter L.
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- 2022
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4. Revision for Aseptic Loosening of Highly Porous Acetabular Components in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Analysis of 20,993 Total Hip Replacements
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Holder, Carl, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2022
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5. A Comparison of Revision Rates for Dislocation and Aseptic Causes Between Dual Mobility and Large Femoral Head Bearings in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty With Subanalysis by Acetabular Component Size: An Analysis of 106,163 Primary Total Hip Arthroplasties
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Hoskins, Wayne, Bingham, Roger, Dyer, Chelsea, Rainbird, Sophia, and Graves, Stephen E.
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- 2021
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6. Hip Hemiarthroplasty for Fractured Neck of Femur Revised to Total Hip Arthroplasty: Outcomes Are Influenced by Patient Age Not Articulation Options
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Peng, Yi, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2021
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7. Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Ceramic-On-Ceramic Bearing Breakage in Total Hip Arthroplasty
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Peng, Yi, Lorimer, Michelle, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2021
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8. A Comparison of Revision Rates and Dislocation After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty with 28, 32, and 36-mm Femoral Heads and Different Cup Sizes: An Analysis of 188,591 Primary Total Hip Arthroplasties
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Holder, Carl, Stoney, James, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2022
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9. Out of Sight, Out of Mind? Bringing Indigenous Parent-Boarding School Communication to Light
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Benveniste, Tessa, Guenther, John, Dawson, Drew, and Rainbird, Sophia
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Despite numerous reviews, strategies and programs, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students still have lower academic achievement levels than non-Indigenous Australian students (as measured by NAPLAN). Educational research suggests that parental involvement in their children's education significantly contributes to improved academic, social, personal and professional outcomes for students, parents, and educators alike. However, many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students from remote and very remote communities are educated at boarding schools or colleges in larger cities or regional areas, with a recent push to expand this. The limited ability for parental involvement for such students has largely been ignored, yet requires detailed consideration. The purpose of this paper is to highlight this need by defining and exploring the barriers to, and potential improvements for, parental involvement and the role of parent-school communication in educational outcomes. The paper is written as part of a PhD research project that considers the importance of cultural and educational contexts in parental involvement and communication, especially for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families.
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- 2014
10. In Revision THA, Is the Re-revision Risk for Dislocation and Aseptic Causes Greater in Dual-mobility Constructs or Large Femoral Head Bearings? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Dyer, Chelsea, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2022
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11. The Effect of Surgical Approach and Femoral Prosthesis Type on Revision Rates Following Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Analysis of the Most Commonly Utilized Cementless Stems
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Peng, Yi, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2021
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12. What Can We Learn From Surgeons Who Perform THA and TKA and Have the Lowest Revision Rates? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
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Hoskins, Wayne, Rainbird, Sophia, Lorimer, Michelle, Graves, Stephen E., and Bingham, Roger
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- 2022
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13. Is the Survivorship of Birmingham Hip Resurfacing Better Than Selected Conventional Hip Arthroplasties in Men Younger Than 65 Years of Age? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
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Stoney, James, Graves, Stephen E., de Steiger, Richard N., Rainbird, Sophia, Kelly BMath, Thu-Lan, and Hatton, Alesha
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- 2020
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14. The Role of the Residence: Exploring the Goals of an Aboriginal Residential Program in Contributing to the Education and Development of Remote Students
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Benveniste, Tessa, Dawson, Drew, and Rainbird, Sophia
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Recent media and policy focus in remote Aboriginal education has turned to boarding schools. The general rhetoric is that boarding schools will allow Indigenous Australian students to have access to quality education and to learn to "walk in two worlds". However, to date, there has been very little exploration of the lived experiences of Indigenous boarding schools, either from broader political and sociological perspectives, or from the schools themselves. Furthermore, understanding of how the residential side of boarding constructs the use of time and presents educational and social development opportunities is lacking. This paper aims to begin to address this, by presenting the goals and intended outcomes of a residential program for remote central Australian Aboriginal students. Through analysis of 17 semistructured interviews with residence staff, this paper identifies the two overarching goals of the program, as well as the more specific learning outcomes from which the program expects its students to benefit. The research presented is preliminary data that forms part of a broader PhD study of postboarding school expectations and outcomes for remote Aboriginal students, their families, and their communities.
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- 2015
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15. Are you fit to continue? Approaching rail systems thinking at the cusp of safety and the apex of performance
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Naweed, Anjum, Rainbird, Sophia, and Dance, Craig
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- 2015
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16. Feasibility of establishing an Australian ACL registry: a pilot study by the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR)
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Lekkas, Christina, Clarnette, Richard, Graves, Stephen E., Rainbird, Sophia, Parker, David, Lorimer, Michelle, Paterson, Roger, Roe, Justin, Morris, Hayden, Feller, Julian A., Annear, Peter, Forster, Ben, and Hayes, David
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- 2017
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17. Asserting Existence: Agentive Narratives Arising From the Restraints of Seeking Asylum in East Anglia, Britain
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Rainbird, Sophia
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- 2014
18. The Mall, the Library and the Church: Inquiring into the Resourcing of Early Learning through New Spaces and Networks
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Nichols, Sue and Rainbird, Sophia
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Early learning has increasingly been the focus of social policy and programmes with a proliferation of public, community and commercial entities entering the field of production. Understanding this phenomenon requires educational researchers to conceptualise early learning both within a globalised network of circulating commodities and within specific situated spaces of local sociocultural practice. This paper describes how a research project has drawn on geosemiotic and actor-network theories, and employed spatially sensitive methods, to investigate the resourcing of early learning in spaces new to most educational researchers. Focusing on the suburban field site "Midburb:" we analyse the ways in which discourses operate through/in place producing different entry points, pathways and access for parents, impacting on their opportunities for encountering early learning resources. (Contains 4 figures.)
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- 2013
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19. Resourcing Early Learners: New Networks, New Actors. Routledge Research in Education
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Nichols, Sue, Rowsell, Jennifer, Nixon, Helen, Rainbird, Sophia, Nichols, Sue, Rowsell, Jennifer, Nixon, Helen, and Rainbird, Sophia
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The landscape of early childhood education and care is changing. Governments world-wide are assuming increasing authority in relation to child-rearing in the years before school entry, beyond the traditional role in assisting parents to do the best they can by their children. As part of a social agenda aimed at forming citizens well prepared to play an active part in a globalised knowledge economy, the idea of "early learning" expresses the necessity of engaging caregivers right from the start of children's lives. Nichols, Rowsell, Rainbird, and Nixon investigate this trend over three years, in two countries, and three contrasting regions, by setting themselves the task of tracing every service and agent offering resources under the banner of early learning. Far from a dry catalogue, the study involves in-depth ethnographic research in fascinating spaces such as a church-run centre for African refugee women and children, a state-of-the-art community library and an Australian country town. Included is an unprecedented inventory of an entire suburban mall. Richly visually documented, the study employs emerging methods such as Google-mapping to trace the travels of actual parents as they search for particular resources. Each chapter features a context investigated in this large, international study: the library, the mall, the clinic, and the church. The author team unravels new spaces and new networks at work in early childhood literacy and development.
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- 2012
20. 'Literacy Nooks': Geosemiotics and Domains of Literacy in Home Spaces
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Rainbird, Sophia and Rowsell, Jennifer
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Conceptualizations of the home have changed, particularly in respect to children's rearing and development. An increased awareness of early intervention in meeting a child's learning needs has filtered down into the organization of space in homes. Maximizing learning opportunities by creating "literacy nooks", which involves carving out interactive domains in the home, has become a way of asserting parental agency in their children's development. The Parents' Networks project is an Australian Research Council (ARC) funded project that focuses on how specific locales, such as commercial retail outlets, playgroups, libraries, health services and home spaces, have become networks of information sourcing and learning. This paper refers to a sub-project derived from this larger study that focuses specifically on the home space. We suggest that within the home space, parents construct learning environments for preschool children based on concepts of "good" parenting. Four case studies of family homes in the US town of Greystone (pseudonym) are presented, exploring how space is arranged to produce an environment conducive to learning and development. In this article, we locate interview and observational data within space theory to posit how learning is mobilized within and across home environments. (Contains 1 note and 4 figures.)
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- 2011
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21. Asylum seeker ‘vulnerability’ : the official explanation of service providers and the emotive responses of asylum seekers
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Rainbird, Sophia
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- 2012
22. ‘We’re so lucky’: meeting challenges to deliver benefits to children in immigration detention
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Every, Danielle, Thompson, Kirrilly, Rainbird, Sophia, Whetton, Steve, Procter, Nicholas, Abdul-Halim, Suraya, and Sebben, Bianca
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- 2014
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23. Reduced Revision Rates in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With Crosslinked Polyethylene: Results From the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.
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Page, Richard S., Alder-Price, Angela C., Rainbird, Sophia, Graves, Stephen E., de Steiger, Richard N., Peng, Yi, Holder, Carl, Lorimer, Michelle F., and Gill, Stephen D.
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TOTAL shoulder replacement ,ARTHROPLASTY ,POLYETHYLENE ,TOTAL hip replacement ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,SHOULDER ,TOTAL knee replacement ,PHENOLS ,ACQUISITION of data ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,OSTEOARTHRITIS ,BENZOPYRANS ,REOPERATION ,ORTHOPEDICS ,PROSTHESIS design & construction ,COMPLICATIONS of prosthesis - Abstract
Background: Loss of glenoid fixation is a key factor affecting the survivorship of primary total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). It is not known whether the lower revision rates associated with crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) compared with those of non-XLPE identified in hip and knee arthroplasty apply to shoulder arthroplasty.Questions/purposes: We used data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) to compare the revision rates of primary stemmed anatomic TSA using XLPE to procedures using non-XLPE. In patients receiving a primary stemmed anatomic TSA for osteoarthritis, we asked: (1) Does the rate of revision or reason for revision vary between XLPE and non-XLPE all-polyethylene glenoid components? (2) Is there any difference in the revision rate when XLPE is compared with non-XLPE across varying head sizes? (3) Is there any difference in survival among prosthesis combinations with all-polyethylene glenoid components when they are used with XLPE compared with non-XLPE?Methods: Data were extracted from the AOANJRR from April 16, 2004, to December 31, 2020. The AOANJRR collects data on more than 97% of joint replacements performed in Australia. The study population included all primary, stemmed, anatomic TSA procedures performed for osteoarthritis using all-polyethylene glenoid components. Procedures were grouped into XLPE and non-XLPE bearing surfaces for comparison. Of the 10,102 primary stemmed anatomic TSAs in the analysis, 39% (3942 of 10,102) used XLPE and 61% (6160 of 10,102) used non-XLPE. There were no differences in age, gender, or follow-up between groups. Revision rates were determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship to describe the time to the first revision, with censoring at the time of death or closure of the database at the time of analysis. Revision was defined as removal, replacement, or addition of any component of a joint replacement. The unadjusted cumulative percent revision after the primary arthroplasty (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) was calculated and compared using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, gender, fixation, and surgeon volume. Further analyses were performed stratifying according to humeral head size, and a prosthesis-specific analysis adjusted for age and gender was also performed. This analysis was restricted to prosthesis combinations that were used at least 150 times, accounted for at least four revisions, had XLPE and non-XLPE options available, and had a minimum of 3 years of follow-up.Results: Non - XLPE had a higher risk of revision than XLPE after 1.5 years (HR 2.3 [95% CI 1.6 to 3.1]; p < 0.001). The cumulative percent revision at 12 years was 5% (95% CI 4% to 6%) for XLPE and 9% (95% CI 8% to 10%) for non-XLPE. There was no difference in the rate of revision for head sizes smaller than 44 mm. Non-XLPE had a higher rate of revision than XLPE for head sizes 44 to 50 mm after 2 years (HR 2.3 [95% CI 1.5 to 3.6]; p < 0.001) and for heads larger than 50 mm for the entire period (HR 2.2 [95% CI 1.4 to 3.6]; p < 0.001). Two prosthesis combinations fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the prosthesis-specific analysis. One had a higher risk of revision when used with non-XLPE compared with XLPE after 1.5 years (HR 3.7 [95% CI 2.2 to 6.3]; p < 0.001). For the second prosthesis combination, no difference was found in the rate of revision between the two groups.Conclusion: These AOANJRR data demonstrate that noncrosslinked, all-polyethylene glenoid components have a higher revision rate compared with crosslinked, all-polyethylene glenoid components when used in stemmed anatomic TSA for osteoarthritis. As polyethylene type is likely an important determinant of revision risk, crosslinked polyethylene should be used when available, particularly for head sizes larger than 44 mm. Further studies will need to be undertaken after larger numbers of shoulder arthroplasties have been performed to determine whether this reduction in revision risk associated with XLPE bears true for all TSA designs.Level Of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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24. The social and economic impacts of immigration detention facilities: a South Australian case study
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Every, Danielle, Whetton, Steve, Rainbird, Sophia, Halim, Suraya Abdul, Procter, Nicholas, Sebben, Bianca, and Thompson, Kirrilly
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South Australia -- Social aspects -- Case studies ,Detention of persons -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects -- Case studies ,Refugees -- Case studies -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,Emigration and immigration -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects -- Case studies ,Community -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects -- Case studies ,Sociology and social work - Abstract
The negative attitudes fostered by political rhetoric against asylum seekers create significant problems when asylum seekers are housed within communities. Much of the community's opposition focuses on the perceived economic and social impacts of large numbers of asylum seekers. However, we currently lack research on the local economic and social impacts of asylum seekers. As a contribution to this evidence base our paper outlines a South Australian case study of the impact of a low security immigration detention facility on the local economy, health services and social cohesion. Our impact assessment found that community concerns were not borne out. There were increases in employment and local expenditure, no reduction in health care services or access, and tensions between residents subsided, as did initially strong reactions against the asylum seekers themselves. The minimal impacts were due to the government and community interventions such as seeking local contracts and providing onsite health services. This case study is used to provide some guidelines for other communities to effectively target the fears that matter most to the community--either through disseminating information that reduces fears and myths, or through planning and interventions that minimise negative impacts and enhance positive benefits. In this way, the arrival of asylum seekers can potentially become one that benefits all community members. Keywords: Australia, communities, evaluation, immigration, mandatory detention, Introduction Globally, the arrival of asylum seekers into the West has created two opposing trends. The first is a continuing focus on measures to stop asylum seeking, including a greater [...]
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- 2013
25. National Implementation of an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Program for Joint Replacement Surgery: Pilot Study.
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Heath, Emma L., Ackerman, Ilana, Lorimer, Michelle, Rainbird, Sophia, O'Donohue, Grace, Brock, Andrew, Graves, Stephen, and Harris, Ian
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JOINT surgery ,MEDICAL care costs ,HEALTH programs ,STATISTICIANS ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Background: There is a global emphasis on expanding data collection for joint replacement procedures beyond implant attributes and progression to revision surgery. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly considered as an important measure of surgical outcomes from a patient's perspective. However, a major limitation preventing wider use of PROMs data in national data collection has been the inability to systematically collect and share electronic information with relevant stakeholders in a comprehensive and financially sustainable manner. Objective: This study reports on the development of an electronic data capture and reporting system by a national registry for the collection of PROMs and the processes used to identify and overcome barriers to implementation and uptake. The study also aims to provide a cost breakdown of establishing and maintaining a nationwide electronic PROMs program. Methods: Between 2018 and 2020, 3 governance and advisory committees were established to develop and implement a PROMs pilot program nested within a nationwide joint replacement registry. The program involved electronic collection of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data for hip, knee, or shoulder replacement surgery from 44 Australian hospitals. Resource requirements for the program included a project manager, software developers, data manager, and statistician. An online platform was tested, refined, and implemented for electronic PROMs collection with scalability considered for future expansion to all Australian hospitals and additional data fields. Technical capabilities included different access for multiple user types, patient registration, automatic reminders via SMS text messages and email, online consent, and patient outcome real-time dashboards accessible for different user groups (surgeons, patients, hospitals, and project stakeholders). Results: During the PROMs pilot period there were 19,699 primary procedures undertaken with 10,204 registered procedures in the electronic system. This equated to 51.80% of people who had a joint replacement at participating hospitals during this period. Patient registration and data collection were efficient (20-30 seconds and 10-12 minutes, respectively). Engagement with the reporting dashboards (as a proportion of those who viewed their dashboard) varied by user group: 197/277 (71.1%) hospital administrators, 68/129 (52.7%) project stakeholders, 177/391 (45.3%) surgeons, and 1138/8840 patients (12.9%). Cost analysis determined an overall cost per patient of Aus $7-15 (approximately US $5-12) for 2 PROMs collections per joint replacement procedure once the program was established. Conclusions: Successful implementation of an orthopedic PROMs program with planned scalability for a broader national rollout requires significant funding and staffing resources. However, this expenditure can be considered worthwhile, given that collection and reporting of PROMs can drive health care improvement processes. Further consideration of strategies to improve stakeholder engagement with electronic reporting dashboards (particularly for patients and surgeons) will be critical to the ongoing success of a national PROMs program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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26. A Comparison of Revision Rates for Osteoarthritis of Primary Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty to Primary Anatomic Shoulder Arthroplasty with a Cemented All-polyethylene Glenoid: Analysis from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.
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Gill, David R. J., Page, Richard S., Graves, Stephen E., Rainbird, Sophia, Hatton, Alesha, and Page BMedSci, Richard S
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PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,RHEUMATOID arthritis diagnosis ,GENDER ,OSTEOARTHRITIS ,PROSTHETICS ,RESEARCH ,BONE cements ,RESEARCH methodology ,POLYETHYLENE ,ACQUISITION of data ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,COMPARATIVE studies ,REOPERATION ,COMPLICATIONS of prosthesis - Abstract
Background: There has been decreased use of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) because reverse TSA (rTSA) is increasingly being used for the same indications. Although short-term studies generally have not found survivorship differences between these implant designs, these studies are often small and their follow-up is limited to the short term. Likewise, the degree to which patient characteristics (such as gender, age, and American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] score) may or may not be associated with survivorship differences calls for larger and longer-term studies than is often possible in single-center designs. Large national registry studies may be able to help answer these questions.Questions/purposes: By analyzing a large Australian registry series of primary aTSAs with cemented all-polyethylene glenoids and rTSA for osteoarthritis (OA), we asked: (1) Is the revision risk for OA higher for aTSA with all-polyethylene glenoids or for rTSA, adjusting for patient characteristics such as age, gender, ASA score, and BMI? (2) Is the patient's gender associated with differences in the revision risk after controlling for the potentially confounding factors of age, ASA score, and BMI?Methods: In this comparative, observational registry study performed between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, all primary aTSAs with all-polyethylene glenoids and rTSA for OA as determined by the treating surgeon and reported to our national registry formed two groups for analysis. The study period was set to time-match for the collection of ASA score and BMI in 2012 and 2015, respectively. Our registry enrolls more than 97% of all shoulder arthroplasties undertaken in Australia. There were 29,294 primary shoulder arthroplasties; 1592 hemiarthroplasties, 1876 resurfacing and stemless shoulders, 269 stemmed, and 11,674 reverse shoulder arthroplasties were excluded for other diagnoses. A total of 1210 metal-backed glenoids in stemmed aTSA for OA were excluded. A total of 3795 primary aTSAs with all-polyethylene glenoids and 8878 primary rTSAs for OA were compared. An aTSA with an all-polyethylene glenoid and rTSA were more likely to be performed in women (56% and 61% of patients, respectively). The mean age was 69 ± 8 years for aTSA with all-polyethylene glenoids and 74 ± 8 years for rTSA. One aTSA for OA was performed in a patient with an unknown glenoid type. The ASA score (n = 12,438) and BMI (n = 11,233) were also recorded. The maximum follow-up was 5 years for both groups, and the mean follow-up was 2.6 ± 1.4 years for aTSA with all-polyethylene glenoids and 2.1 ± 1.4 years for rTSA. The endpoint was time to revision (all causes), and the cumulative percent revision was determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship (time to revision) and HRs from Cox proportional hazard models that were adjusted for age, gender, ASA score, and BMI category.Results: Overall, there were no differences in the 4-year cumulative percent revision between the groups; the 4-year cumulative percent revision was 3.5% for aTSA with all-polyethylene glenoids (95% CI 2.9%-4.2%) and 3.0% for rTSA (95% CI 2.6%-3.5%). There was an increased risk of revision of rTSA compared with aTSA using all-polyethylene glenoids in the first 3 months (HR 2.17 [95% CI 1.25-3.70]; p = 0.006, adjusted for age, gender, ASA score, and BMI). After that time, there was no difference in the rate of revision, with the same adjustments. In the first 3 months, men undergoing rTSA had a higher rate of revision than men with aTSA using all-polyethylene glenoids (HR 4.0 [95% CI 1.72-9.09]; p = 0.001, adjusted for age, BMI, and ASA). There was no difference between men in the two groups after that time. Women with aTSA using all-polyethylene glenoids were at a greater risk of revision than women with rTSA from 3 months onward (HR 2.77 [95% CI 1.55-4.92]; p < 0.001, adjusted for age, BMI, and ASA), with no difference before that time.Conclusion: Given the absence of survivorship differences at 4 years between rTSA and aTSA, but in light of the differences in the revision risk between men and women, surgeons might select an aTSA with an all-polyethylene glenoid to treat OA, despite the current popularity of rTSA. However, there are survivorship differences between genders. Future studies should evaluate whether our comparative findings are replicated in men and women undergoing aTSA with all-polyethylene glenoids and rTSA for primary diagnoses such as rheumatoid arthritis or post-traumatic arthritis, and whether there are functional differences between the two implant designs when used for OA.Level Of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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27. Primary Reverse Glenosphere Size Affects Revision Rates: A National Registry Analysis
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Page, Richard S, Graves, Stephen E, Steiger, Richard N De, Lewis, Peter L, Turner, Cindy, Rainbird, Sophia, Cuthbert, Alana, and Lorimer, Michelle
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- 2019
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28. Crossed Linked Polyethylene In Conventional Shoulder Arthroplasty For Osteoarthritis (OA): An Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) Perspective On Revision Surgery
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Page, Richard S, Graves, Stephen, Steiger, Richard N De, Lewis, Peter L, Turner, Cindy, Rainbird, Sophia, Cuthbert, Alana, and Lorimer, Michelle
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- 2019
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29. Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Conventional Shoulder Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: A Registry perspective on revision surgery
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Page, Richard Samuel, Graves, Stephen, Steiger, Richard De, Lewis, Peter L, Turner, Cynthia K, Rainbird, Sophia, Cuthbert, Alana, Lorimer, Michelle, and St John
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- 2019
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30. The rate of 2nd revision for shoulder arthroplasty as analyzed by the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR).
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Gill, David R J, Page, Richard S, Graves, Stephen E, Rainbird, Sophia, and Hatton, Alesha
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SHOULDER surgery ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,REVERSE total shoulder replacement ,RISK assessment ,TREATMENT failure ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,COMPARATIVE studies ,REOPERATION ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,HUMERUS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,TOTAL shoulder replacement ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models - Abstract
Background and purpose — The increase in shoulder arthroplasty may lead to a burden of revision surgery. This study compared the rate of (2nd) revision following aseptic 1st revision shoulder arthroplasty, considering the type of primary, and the class and type of the revision. Patients and methods — All aseptic 1st revisions of primary total reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA group) and of primary total stemmed and stemless total shoulder arthroplasty (non-rTSA group) procedures reported to our national registry between April 2004 to December 2018 were included. The rate of 2nd revision was determined using Kaplan–Meier estimates and comparisons were made using Cox proportional hazards models. Results — There was an increased risk of 2nd revision in the 1st month only for the rTSA group (n = 700) compared with the non-rTSA group (n = 991); hazard ratio (HR) = 4.8 (95% CI 2.2–9). The cumulative percentage of 2nd revisions (CPR) was 24% in the rTSA group and 20% in the non-rTSA group at 8 years. There was an increased risk of 2nd revision for the type (cup vs. head) HR = 2.2 (CI 1.2–4.2), but not class of revision for the rTSA group. Minor (> 3 months) vs. major class revision, and humeral revision vs. all other revision types were second revision risk factors for the non-rTSA group. Interpretation — The CPR of revision shoulder arthroplasty was > 20% at 8 years and was influenced by the type of primary, the class, and the type of revision. The most common reasons for 2nd revision were instability/dislocation, loosening, and infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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31. Keeping rail on track: good practice work health and safety in the Australian rail industry
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PATERSON, Jessica L, BLEWETT, Verna, RAINBIRD, Sophia, and ETHERTON, Hayley
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How organisations manage work health and safety is a reflection of their organisational culture. The Australian rail industry is diverse: organisations operate urban passenger networks, heavy haul in the Australian outback, or shift freight over large distances. The aim of the present study was to test lessons developed from earlier research in the Australian mining industry, the 10 Platinum Rules, as a framework for action towards improvements in organisational culture and WHS management in the Australian rail industry. A survey, focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees from three rail industry sectors. Data were analysed inductively using an open coding technique to identify key themes. There was a good overall fit in the data with the 10 Platinum Rules, indicating that these rules may provide a useful framework for organisational self-reflection and for developing interventions leading to improved practice in WHS in Australian rail.
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- 2014
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32. Strategic engagement: including youth in the development of the Youth Work Health and Safety Strategy for South Australia
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BLEWETT, Verna, RAINBIRD, Sophia, CLARKSON, Larissa, ETHERTON, Hayley, and PATERSON, Jessica
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Young workers represent 40% of Australia's casual workforce and 92% of young workers are also students. Work and study, combined with multiple other time pressures, contributes to negative health and safety outcomes for young workers. Young workers are more likely to be precariously employed, less likely to report incidents, accidents and injuries and may have poorly developed self-advocacy skills. These features make youth a vulnerable part of the workforce. We describe research that framed an overarching Strategy for Youth Work Health and Safety for South Australia designed to lead to healthy, safe, fair and productive working lives for young workers.
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- 2014
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33. OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND? BRINGING INDIGENOUS PARENT- BOARDING SCHOOL COMMUNICATION TO LIGHT
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Benveniste, Tessa, Guenther, John, Dawson, Drew, and Rainbird, Sophia
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- 2014
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34. Improvements in physical function and pain sustained for up to 10 years after knee or hip arthroplasty irrespective of mental health status before surgery.
- Author
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(Geeske) Peeters, G M E E, Rainbird, Sophia, Lorimer, Michelle, Dobson, Annette J, Mishra, Gita D, and Graves, Stephen E
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH surveys , *LONGITUDINAL method , *MENTAL health , *PAIN , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *TOTAL hip replacement , *TOTAL knee replacement - Abstract
Background and purpose — There are concerns that mental health (MH) may influence outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). We examined effects of poor MH before surgery on long-term outcomes of osteoarthritis-related TKA or THA in women. Patients and methods — The data were from 9,737 middle-aged participants (47–52 years) and 9,292 older participants (73–78 years) in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health who completed surveys between 1998 and 2013. Dates of arthroplasties were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedics Association National Joint Replacement Registry. Participants without procedures were matched with participants with procedures. Trajectories of the Short-Form 36 scores for physical functioning, bodily pain, social functioning, and mental health based on mixed modeling were plotted for participants with and without surgery (stratified according to mental health, separately for TKA and THA, and for middle-aged and older participants). Results — In middle-aged women with poor and good MH, TKA improved physical function and reduced bodily pain, with improvements sustained up to 10 years after surgery. TKA contributed to restoration of social function in women with good MH, but this was less clear in women with poor MH. In both MH groups, mental health appeared to be unaffected by TKA. Similar patterns were observed after THA, and in older women. Interpretation — Recovery of physical and social function and reductions in pain were sustained for up to 10 years after surgery. Improvements in physical function and pain were also observed in women with poor mental health. Thus, in our view poor mental health should not be a contraindication for arthroplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The Role of the Residence: Exploring the Goals of an Aboriginal Residential Program in Contributing to the Education and Development of Remote Students.
- Author
-
Benveniste, Tessa, Dawson, Drew, Rainbird, Sophia, and Guenther, John
- Subjects
EDUCATION of Aboriginal Australians ,EDUCATIONAL planning ,SOCIAL development - Abstract
Recent media and policy focus in remote Aboriginal education has turned to boarding schools. The general rhetoric is that boarding schools will allow Indigenous Australian students to have access to quality education and to learn to ‘walk in two worlds’. However, to date, there has been very little exploration of the lived experiences of Indigenous boarding schools, either from broader political and sociological perspectives, or from the schools themselves. Furthermore, understanding of how the residential side of boarding constructs the use of time and presents educational and social development opportunities is lacking. This paper aims to begin to address this, by presenting the goals and intended outcomes of a residential program for remote central Australian Aboriginal students. Through analysis of 17 semistructured interviews with residence staff, this paper identifies the two overarching goals of the program, as well as the more specific learning outcomes from which the program expects its students to benefit. The research presented is preliminary data that forms part of a broader PhD study of postboarding school expectations and outcomes for remote Aboriginal students, their families, and their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Is the Survivorship of Birmingham Hip Resurfacing Better Than Selected Conventional Hip Arthroplasties in Men Younger Than 65 Years of Age? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.
- Author
-
Stoney, James, Graves, Stephen E., de Steiger, Richard N., Rainbird, Sophia, Thu-Lan Kelly, Hatton, Alesha, Kelly BMath, Thu-Lan, Steiger, Richard N, and Kelly, Thu-Lan
- Subjects
YOUNG men ,AUSTRALIANS ,AGE - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Investigating the formal countermeasures and informal strategies used to mitigate SPAD risk in train driving.
- Author
-
Naweed, Anjum, Rainbird, Sophia, and Chapman, Janine
- Subjects
RAILROADS ,ATTENTION ,COGNITION ,DELPHI method ,FOCUS groups ,ERGONOMICS ,MEMORY ,RESEARCH funding ,SAFETY ,SICK leave ,DISTRACTION ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Various countermeasures are used to mitigate signal passed at danger (SPAD) events on railways, yet they continue. While risk factors that destabilise cognitive processes have been identified, less has been published on the relationship between these factors and the informal strategies that drivers themselves adopt to reduce individual SPAD risk. This study aimed to address this gap and used a participative approach to collect and thematically analyse data from 28 drivers across eight rail organisations in Australia and New Zealand. The results showed not all formal countermeasures were considered effective, and identified several informal strategies. These aimed to reduce task disruption, service distortion and maintain connectedness to signals. While some evidenced redundancies in the task and cab, others did not reduce baseline risk. This paper explores the relationship between the established risks and identified strategies towards evaluating the utility of formal and informal mitigations. The research has application to the investigation of collision risk in all transport domains. Practitioner Summary:A participative approach was used to investigate SPAD mitigation techniques in train driving, and to explore risk-strategy relationship dynamics. Several informal strategies designed to reduce task disruption, service distortion and maintain signal connectedness were identified. While some evidenced redundancies in the task and cab, others did not reduce baseline risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Occupational fatigue and other health and safety issues for young Australian workers: an exploratory mixed methods study.
- Author
-
PATERSON, Jessica Louise, CLARKSON, Larissa, RAINBIRD, Sophia, ETHERTON, Hayley, and BLEWETT, Verna
- Subjects
YOUNG workers ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,OVERTIME ,STAKEHOLDERS ,HEALTH ,TRAINING - Abstract
The article presents studies related to occupational fatigue, work health and safety (WHS) issues in young workers of Australia. Topics discussed include vulnerability of youth workers to fatigue and sleep loss in the workplace; reporting of fatigue issues related to overtime; insufficient training to young workers related to WHS and stakeholders educating young workers related to fatigue.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. No Pet or Their Person Left Behind: Increasing the Disaster Resilience of Vulnerable Groups through Animal Attachment, Activities and Networks.
- Author
-
Thompson, Kirrilly, Every, Danielle, Rainbird, Sophia, Cornell, Victoria, Smith, Bradley, and Trigg, Joshua
- Subjects
NATURAL disasters & society ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,COMMUNITIES ,ATTACHMENT behavior ,EMERGENCY management ,ANIMAL social behavior - Abstract
Increased vulnerability to natural disasters has been associated with particular groups in the community. This includes those who are considered de facto vulnerable (children, older people, those with disabilities etc.) and those who own pets (not to mention pets themselves). The potential for reconfiguring pet ownership from a risk factor to a protective factor for natural disaster survival has been recently proposed. But how might this resilience-building proposition apply to vulnerable members of the community who own pets or other animals? This article addresses this important question by synthesizing information about what makes particular groups vulnerable, the challenges to increasing their resilience and how animals figure in their lives. Despite different vulnerabilities, animals were found to be important to the disaster resilience of seven vulnerable groups in Australia. Animal attachment and animal-related activities and networks are identified as underexplored devices for disseminating or 'piggybacking' disaster-related information and engaging vulnerable people in resilience building behaviors (in addition to including animals in disaster planning initiatives in general). Animals may provide the kind of innovative approach required to overcome the challenges in accessing and engaging vulnerable groups. As the survival of humans and animals are so often intertwined, the benefits of increasing the resilience of vulnerable communities through animal attachment is twofold: human and animal lives can be saved together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The mall, the library and the church: inquiring into the resourcing of early learning through new spaces and networks.
- Author
-
Nichols, Sue and Rainbird, Sophia
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL policy , *EDUCATIONAL programs , *EDUCATION research , *ECOLOGICAL surveys , *ACTOR-network theory , *PROGRAM design (Education) - Abstract
Early learning has increasingly been the focus of social policy and programmes with a proliferation of public, community and commercial entities entering the field of production. Understanding this phenomenon requires educational researchers to conceptualise early learning both within a globalised network of circulating commodities and within specific situated spaces of local sociocultural practice. This paper describes how a research project has drawn on geosemiotic and actor-network theories, and employed spatially sensitive methods, to investigate the resourcing of early learning in spaces new to most educational researchers. Focusing on the suburban field site ‘Midburb’, we analyse the ways in which discourses operate through/in place producing different entry points, pathways and access for parents, impacting on their opportunities for encountering early learning resources. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Distrust and Collaboration: Exploring Identity Negotiation among Asylum Seekers in East Anglia, Britain.
- Author
-
Rainbird, Sophia
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL refugees , *SUSPICION , *ETHNICITY - Abstract
Drawing on fieldwork carried out in 2002–2003, this paper reveals the complexity of interactions between asylum seekers in East Anglia as they negotiate the shared experience of place, the British immigration system and a common and competitive goal of attaining refugee status. There is tension and a distrust generated by people who are forced to live in an inter-ethnic community and share the competitive goal of obtaining immigration status. Yet, this forced coexistence forges strong friendships, alliances and collaboration amongst asylum seekers. It is in taking into account these seemingly contradictory interactions that marks the concern of this paper; the more that asylum seekers attempt to distance and differentiate themselves from the collective and shared identity of asylum seekers, the more entangled they become within a collective asylum seeker identity. This struggle tells us that the very contestation of an asylum seeker identity is a form of resistance put forth by asylum seekers to address an identity that is largely imposed by the state and host society. This has broader implications on the extent to which an imposed identity and its resistance impact on the successful integration of asylum seekers and refugees into larger society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Keeping rail on track: preliminary findings on safety culture in Australian rail.
- Author
-
Blewett, Verna, Rainbird, Sophia, Dorrian, Jill, Paterson, Jessica, and Cattani, Marcus
- Subjects
ACCIDENT prevention ,RAILROADS ,ACCIDENTS ,CORPORATE culture ,STATISTICAL correlation ,FOCUS groups ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,INDUSTRIAL safety ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,WORK environment ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
'Safety culture' is identified in the literature as a critical element of healthy and safe workplaces. How can rail organizations ensure that consistently effective work health and safety cultures are maintained across the diversity of their operations? This paper reports on research that is currently underway in the Australian rail industry aimed at producing a Model of Best Practice in Safety Culture for the industry. Located in rail organizations dedicated to the mining industry as well as urban rail and national freight operations, the research examines the constructs of organizational culture that impact on the development and maintenance of healthy and safe workplaces. The research uses a multi-method approach incorporating quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus groups, interviews and document analysis) methods along with a participative process to identify interventions to improve the organization and develop plans for their implementation. The research uses as its analytical framework the 10 Platinum Rules, from the findings of earlier research in the New South Wales (Australia) mining industry, Digging Deeper. Data collection is underway at the time of writing and preliminary findings are presented at this stage. The research method may be adapted for use as a form of organizational review of safety and health in organizational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. ‘Literacy nooks’: Geosemiotics and domains of literacy in home spaces.
- Author
-
Rainbird, Sophia and Rowsell, Jennifer
- Subjects
- *
LITERACY , *SEMIOTICS , *EARLY childhood education , *PARENTING , *PRESCHOOL education - Abstract
Conceptualizations of the home have changed, particularly in respect to children’s rearing and development. An increased awareness of early intervention in meeting a child’s learning needs has filtered down into the organization of space in homes. Maximizing learning opportunities by creating ‘literacy nooks’, which involves carving out interactive domains in the home, has become a way of asserting parental agency in their children’s development. The Parents’ Networks project is an Australian Research Council (ARC) funded project that focuses on how specific locales, such as commercial retail outlets, playgroups, libraries, health services and home spaces, have become networks of information sourcing and learning. This paper refers to a sub-project derived from this larger study that focuses specifically on the home space. We suggest that within the home space, parents construct learning environments for preschool children based on concepts of ‘good’ parenting. Four case studies of family homes in the US town of Greystone (pseudonym) are presented, exploring how space is arranged to produce an environment conducive to learning and development. In this article, we locate interview and observational data within space theory to posit how learning is mobilized within and across home environments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. From Refugee to Settlement Case Worker: Cultural Brokers in the Contact Zone and the Border Work of Identity.
- Author
-
Haggis, Jane, Schech, Susanne, and Rainbird, Sophia
- Subjects
COLONIES ,CULTURAL relations ,REFUGEES ,HUMAN settlements ,RACIAL differences ,MULTICULTURALISM - Abstract
Our starting point in this paper is the notion of the 'contact zone' first elaborated by Mary Louise Pratt (1992) to reconceptualise colonialism as a space of cross-cultural interaction and agency rather than as a static picture of domination and incorporation. The paper draws upon our research on refugee settlement in Australia to explore the hypothesis that the concept of the 'contact zone' expresses the contemporary global border between developed and developing societies, structuring and framing the people flows of refugees and labour that characterise the contemporary moment. Our attention is on how the settlement process deals with difference. By difference we mean a range of possibilities: racialised difference, cultural difference, and the difference of development and modernity. The border also has its uses in conceptualizing the character of this contact zone. Somerville and Perkins (2003) develop a model of the contact zone as a range of specific kinds of 'border work' undertaken by actors: sometimes maintaining, sometimes crossing, borders of difference. Newly arrived refugees in Australia enter a complex settlement program through which they receive support from government agencies and NGOs. Settlement case workers provide individual and community support on a range of needs such as housing, household formation, assistance with school enrolments, advice and referrals to services such as counselling, health employment and education. Within this workforce are former refugees, often having experienced careers entirely different to that of the welfare industry. These workers act as cultural brokers liaising, communicating and interpreting between service providers and their ethnic communities (Whitehead 1983). This paper considers the extent to which community member, employee, ethnic representative and refugee form aspects of their multifaceted identity. In so doing, this paper suggests that movement within a hierarchy of identities according to need, operates as a coping mechanism, allowing the cultural broker to shift between refugee, case worker, community member and employee in the process accomplishing the 'border work' of the contact zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
45. Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Is the Survivorship of Birmingham Hip Resurfacing Better Than Selected Conventional Hip Arthroplasties in Men Younger Than 65 Years of Age? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
- Author
-
Stephen E. Graves, Thu-Lan Kelly BMath, Sophia Rainbird, Alesha Hatton, Richard de Steiger, James Stoney, Stoney, James, Graves, Stephen E, de Steiger, Richard N, Rainbird, Sophia, Kelly BMath, Thu Lan, and Hatton, Alesha
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Reoperation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Letter to the editor ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,Other Features ,Prosthesis Design ,Survivorship curve ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Australia ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Hip resurfacing ,Arthroplasty ,Prosthesis Failure ,Joint replacement registry ,Orthopedic surgery ,Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses ,Surgery ,Hip Prosthesis ,business - Abstract
The Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR) prosthesis is the most commonly used metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty device. The current manufacturer-recommended target demographic for the BHR is male patients, younger than 65 years requiring a femoral head size of ≥ 50 mm. Female patients, older patients, and individuals with smaller femoral-head diameter (≤ 50 mm) are known to have higher revision rates. Prior studies suggest that the survivorship of the BHR when used in the target demographic is comparable with that of primary conventional THA, but comparing survivorship of the most durable hip resurfacing arthroplasty device to the survivorship of all conventional THA prostheses is not ideal because the THA group comprises a large number of different types of prostheses that have considerable variation in prosthesis survival. A more informative comparison would be with the THA implants with the best survivorship, as this might help address the question of whether survivorship in the BHR target population can be improved by using a well-performing conventional THA.We compared the difference in cumulative percent revision, reasons for revision and types of revision for procedures reported to the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) using the BHR prosthesis (femoral-head size50 mm) and three conventional THA prostheses identified as having the lowest 10-year cumulative percent revision in the currently recommended BHR target population to ask: (1) Does the BHR have a lower cumulative revision rate than the group of three conventional THA prostheses? (2) Is there a difference in the revision diagnosis between the BHR and the three best conventional THA prostheses? (3) What is the difference in the components used for a revision of a BHR compared with the three best conventional THA prostheses?Data reported to the AOANJRR between September 1, 1999 and December 31, 2018 was used for this analysis. This study period includes almost the entire use of the BHR in Australia. The AOANJRR is a large national joint registry with almost 100% completeness, high accuracy, rigorous validation, and little to no loss to follow-up. The study population included males younger than 65 years that had received one hip replacement procedure for osteoarthritis. All patients with bilateral procedures, no matter the time interval between hips, were excluded. Only BHR prostheses with a femoral-head size ≥ 50 mm and conventional THA prostheses with femoral head sizes ≥ 32 mm and either ceramic-on-ceramic or metal, ceramic, ceramicized metal-on-crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) bearings were included. These femoral head sizes and bearings were selected because they reflect modern conventional THA practice. There is no difference in the revision rate of these bearings in the AOANJRR. There were 4790 BHR procedures and 2696 conventional THA procedures in the study group. The mean (± SD) age for BHR procedures was 52 ± 7.8 years and 56 ± 7.1 years for conventional THA procedures. All comparative analyses were adjusted for age. Other demographics data including American Society Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and BMI were only included in AOANJRR data collection since 2012 and 2015, respectively, and have not been included in this analysis because of the low use of BHR in Australia since that time. The maximum follow-up was 18.7 years for both groups and mean follow-up of 11.9 years for the BHR and 9.3 years for the conventional THA group. Revision rates were determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship to describe the time to the first revision, with censoring at the time of death or closure of the database at the time of analysis. A revision was defined as removal, replacement or addition of any component of a joint replacement. Revisions can be further classified as major revisions (removal of a component articulating with bone-usually the stem and/or the shell) or minor revisions (removal of other components-usually the head and/or the liner). The unadjusted cumulative percent revision after the primary arthroplasty (with 95% confidence intervals) was calculated and compared using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age.The BHR prosthesis had a statistically higher rate of all-cause revision at 17 years than the selected conventional THA prostheses (HR 2.77 [95% CI 1.78 to 4.32]; p0.001). The revision diagnoses differed between the groups, with the BHR demonstrating a higher revision rate for loosening after 2 years than the conventional THA protheses (HR 4.64 [95% CI 1.66 to 12.97]; p = 0.003), as well as a higher fracture rate during the entire period (HR 2.57 [95% CI 1.24 to 5.33]; p = 0.01). There was a lower revision rate for infection for the BHR compared with the THA group in the first 5 years, with no difference between the two groups after this time. All revisions of the BHR were major revisions (such as, removal or exchange of the femoral and/or acetabular components) and this occurred in 4.5% of the primary BHR procedures. Major revision was the most common type of revision for primary THA accounting for 1.7% of all primary THA procedures. Minor revisions (head, inset or both) were undertaken in a further 0.6% of primary THA procedures.Given the increasing revision risk of the BHR compared with better-performing conventional THA prostheses in the target population, we recommend that patients be counseled about this risk. We suggest that a THA with proven low revision rates might be the better choice, particularly for patients who are concerned about implant durability. Well-controlled prospective studies that show appreciable clinically important differences in patient-reported outcomes and functional results favoring the BHR over conventional THA prostheses using modern bearings are needed to justify the use of the BHR in view of this revision risk.Level III, therapeutic study.
- Published
- 2021
46. CORR Insights®: Is the Survivorship of Birmingham Hip Resurfacing Better Than Selected Conventional Hip Arthroplasties in Men Younger Than 65 Years of Age? A Study from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry
- Author
-
Stephen E. Graves, James Stoney, Alesha Hatton, Sophia Rainbird, Richard de Steiger, Thu Lan Kelly, Stoney, James, Graves, Stephen E, de Steiger, Richard N, Rainbird, Sophia, Kelly, Thu-Lan, and Hatton, Alesha
- Subjects
Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Joint replacement ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,femur head prosthesis ,Survivorship ,Prosthesis ,hips ,03 medical and health sciences ,Femoral head ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical Research ,Hip replacement ,Survivorship curve ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Registries ,030212 general & internal medicine ,030222 orthopedics ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Australia ,General Medicine ,Arthroplasty ,Hip resurfacing ,Prosthesis Failure ,Surgery ,Orthopedics ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Joint replacement registry ,arthroplasty ,Hip Prosthesis ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR) prosthesis is the most commonly used metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty device. The current manufacturer-recommended target demographic for the BHR is male patients, younger than 65 years requiring a femoral head size of ≥ 50 mm. Female patients, older patients, and individuals with smaller femoral-head diameter (≤ 50 mm) are known to have higher revision rates. Prior studies suggest that the survivorship of the BHR when used in the target demographic is comparable with that of primary conventional THA, but comparing survivorship of the most durable hip resurfacing arthroplasty device to the survivorship of all conventional THA prostheses is not ideal because the THA group comprises a large number of different types of prostheses that have considerable variation in prosthesis survival. A more informative comparison would be with the THA implants with the best survivorship, as this might help address the question of whether survivorship in the BHR target population can be improved by using a well-performing conventional THA. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We compared the difference in cumulative percent revision, reasons for revision and types of revision for procedures reported to the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) using the BHR prosthesis (femoral-head size > 50 mm) and three conventional THA prostheses identified as having the lowest 10-year cumulative percent revision in the currently recommended BHR target population to ask: (1) Does the BHR have a lower cumulative revision rate than the group of three conventional THA prostheses? (2) Is there a difference in the revision diagnosis between the BHR and the three best conventional THA prostheses? (3) What is the difference in the components used for a revision of a BHR compared with the three best conventional THA prostheses? METHODS: Data reported to the AOANJRR between September 1, 1999 and December 31, 2018 was used for this analysis. This study period includes almost the entire use of the BHR in Australia. The AOANJRR is a large national joint registry with almost 100% completeness, high accuracy, rigorous validation, and little to no loss to follow-up. The study population included males younger than 65 years that had received one hip replacement procedure for osteoarthritis. All patients with bilateral procedures, no matter the time interval between hips, were excluded. Only BHR prostheses with a femoral-head size ≥ 50 mm and conventional THA prostheses with femoral head sizes ≥ 32 mm and either ceramic-on-ceramic or metal, ceramic, ceramicized metal-on-crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) bearings were included. These femoral head sizes and bearings were selected because they reflect modern conventional THA practice. There is no difference in the revision rate of these bearings in the AOANJRR. There were 4790 BHR procedures and 2696 conventional THA procedures in the study group. The mean (± SD) age for BHR procedures was 52 ± 7.8 years and 56 ± 7.1 years for conventional THA procedures. All comparative analyses were adjusted for age. Other demographics data including American Society Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and BMI were only included in AOANJRR data collection since 2012 and 2015, respectively, and have not been included in this analysis because of the low use of BHR in Australia since that time. The maximum follow-up was 18.7 years for both groups and mean follow-up of 11.9 years for the BHR and 9.3 years for the conventional THA group. Revision rates were determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship to describe the time to the first revision, with censoring at the time of death or closure of the database at the time of analysis. A revision was defined as removal, replacement or addition of any component of a joint replacement. Revisions can be further classified as major revisions (removal of a component articulating with bone—usually the stem and/or the shell) or minor revisions (removal of other components—usually the head and/or the liner). The unadjusted cumulative percent revision after the primary arthroplasty (with 95% confidence intervals) was calculated and compared using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age. RESULTS: The BHR prosthesis had a statistically higher rate of all-cause revision at 17 years than the selected conventional THA prostheses (HR 2.77 [95% CI 1.78 to 4.32]; p < 0.001). The revision diagnoses differed between the groups, with the BHR demonstrating a higher revision rate for loosening after 2 years than the conventional THA protheses (HR 4.64 [95% CI 1.66 to 12.97]; p = 0.003), as well as a higher fracture rate during the entire period (HR 2.57 [95% CI 1.24 to 5.33]; p = 0.01). There was a lower revision rate for infection for the BHR compared with the THA group in the first 5 years, with no difference between the two groups after this time. All revisions of the BHR were major revisions (such as, removal or exchange of the femoral and/or acetabular components) and this occurred in 4.5% of the primary BHR procedures. Major revision was the most common type of revision for primary THA accounting for 1.7% of all primary THA procedures. Minor revisions (head, inset or both) were undertaken in a further 0.6% of primary THA procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Given the increasing revision risk of the BHR compared with better-performing conventional THA prostheses in the target population, we recommend that patients be counseled about this risk. We suggest that a THA with proven low revision rates might be the better choice, particularly for patients who are concerned about implant durability. Well-controlled prospective studies that show appreciable clinically important differences in patient-reported outcomes and functional results favoring the BHR over conventional THA prostheses using modern bearings are needed to justify the use of the BHR in view of this revision risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study.
- Published
- 2020
47. Resourcing early learners: new networks, new actors
- Author
-
Sue Nichols, Jennifer Rowsell, Helen Nixon, Sophia Rainbird, Nichols, Susan Mary, Rowsell, Jennifer, Nixon, Helen, and Rainbird, Sophia
- Published
- 2012
48. Keeping rail on track: preliminary findings on safety culture in Australian rail
- Author
-
Sophia Rainbird, Jill Dorrian, Verna Blewett, Marcus Cattani, Jessica L. Paterson, Blewett, Verna, Rainbird, Sophia, Dorrian, Jillian, Paterson, Jessica, and Cattani, Marcus
- Subjects
multi-method research ,Engineering ,Knowledge management ,Best practice ,Organizational culture ,Poison control ,rail safety ,Track (rail transport) ,Occupational safety and health ,Transport engineering ,safety culture ,Humans ,Safety culture ,Workplace ,Railroads ,Occupational Health ,organizational culture ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Australia ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Organizational Culture ,Focus group ,Work (electrical) ,Research Design ,Safety ,business - Abstract
'Safety culture' is identified in the literature as a critical element of healthy and safe workplaces. How can rail organizations ensure that consistently effective work health and safety cultures are maintained across the diversity of their operations? This paper reports on research that is currently underway in the Australian rail industry aimed at producing a Model of Best Practice in Safety Culture for the industry. Located in rail organizations dedicated to the mining industry as well as urban rail and national freight operations, the research examines the constructs of organizational culture that impact on the development and maintenance of healthy and safe workplaces. The research uses a multi-method approach incorporating quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus groups, interviews and document analysis) methods along with a participative process to identify interventions to improve the organization and develop plans for their implementation. The research uses as its analytical framework the 10 Platinum Rules, from the findings of earlier research in the New South Wales (Australia) mining industry, Digging Deeper. Data collection is underway at the time of writing and preliminary findings are presented at this stage. The research method may be adapted for use as a form of organizational review of safety and health in organizational culture. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2012
49. Riding a mile in their shoes: understanding Australian metropolitan rail passenger perceptions and experiences of crowdedness using mixed-methods research
- Author
-
Thompson, Kirrilly, Hirsch, Lily, Mueller Loose, Simone, Sharma-Brymer, Vinathe, Rainbird, Sophia, Titchener, Kirsteen, Thomas, Matthew, and Dawson, Drew
- Abstract
Metrics such as passengers per square metre have been developed to define optimum or crowded rail passenger density. Whilst such metrics are important to operational procedures, service evaluation and reporting, they fail to fully capture and convey the ways in which passengers experience crowded situations. This paper reports findings from a two year study of rail passenger crowding in five Australian capital cities which involved a novel mixed-methodology including ethnography, focus groups and an online stated preference choice experiment. The resulting data address the following four fundamental research questions: 1) to what extent are Australian rail passengers concerned by crowding, 2) what conditions exacerbate feelings of crowdedness, 3) what conditions mitigate feelings of crowdedness, and 4) how can we usefully understand passengers’ experiences of crowding? It concludes with some observations on the significance and implications of these findings for customer service provision. The findings outlined in this paper demonstrate that the experience of crowdedness (including its tolerance) cannot be understood in isolation from other customer services issues such as interior design, quality of environment, safety and public health concerns. It is hypothesised that tolerance of crowding will increase alongside improvements to overall customer service. This was the first comprehensive study of crowding in the Australian rail industry. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2012
50. Negotiating locals of Britain: the relationship between asylum seekers and the local British community of East Anglia
- Author
-
Migrant Security 2010: Citizenship and Social Inclusion in a Transnational Era Queensland, Australia 15-16 July 2010 and Rainbird, Sophia Jane
- Subjects
Britain ,East Anglia ,tensions ,Other Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,identity ,local community ,asylum seekers - Abstract
This paper explores the ways in which asylum seekers negotiate their relationship with British locals, who form a majority white indigenous British population in the rural region of East Anglia. Asylum seekers were dispersed to the region from London by a government program where accommodation was more readily available, and access to services could be localised. However, the reception provided by locals was not always welcoming. Fuelled by the media, there was a general negative perception that asylum seekers were linked to terrorism, gang violence and welfare exploitation. This resulted in a fear of violence by asylum seekers and locals, from each other. This paper illustrates that it is very difficult for asylum seekers to engage with locals without ‗giving weight to their cultural background or ethnic normative standards‘ (Fuglerud 1999:105), particularly for those identifiable as Muslim or of Iraqi origin. To locals then, an outsider has ‗no social markers other than [their ―otherness‖] and the fact that they are understood to be ―asylum seekers‖‘ (Fuglerud 1999:105). In response, asylum seekers draw on a situational identity which may circumvent the asylum seeker aspect of their identity according to the context. This paper explores such identity reworking that is evident in the coping mechanisms of blending in and avoiding interactions with locals. These coping mechanisms, employed by asylum seekers, allow them to negotiate their interactions with locals. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2010
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